Democracy Promotes Development
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Democracy promotes development or not? It is a never ending argument in the history of mankind. Supporting, that democracy does promote development, I am sharing some fingers, facts & information. We have lived years after year under autocratic rule, captivity & slavery but it is the democratic era, where we have gained most of our developments & freedom. Democracy is the most complete & competent system of ruling & governing, only if dirty politics & personal self-interest can be left behind. It is the proper and clear practice of such a system, which can ensure transparency, accountability, human rights & consistent progression.
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African Politics & Challenges since Independence
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Search for legitimacy, aid from western nations,- Europe, etc. Voluntary Service Overseas from GB, Peace Corps from US, etc. Little from Russia and Easter Europe; not much from China, explain
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OAU established in 1963- objectives, replace by African Union in 2002
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1967-70- civil war
Congo, Moise Tshombe secession of Katanga from Congo, UN intervention, etc., eventual Mobutu
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Soldier-politicians: military stepped in and out of politics, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Ghana, etc, etc
1961-67, military take-overs in Togo, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, etc.
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1974- Haile Selassie was overthrown and leadership eventually fell into the hands of Mengistu Haile Marian, who was himself ousted in 1991
Somalia– Siad Barre maintained power until country began to disintegrate—he fled from power in 1991, contextualize within events of end of Cold War, etc.
Collapse of Berlin Wall, and rising expectations, call for National Conference, collapse of many regimes, Kaunda, Hastings, Mobutu, etc.
Economic decline and increasing dependence: countries are heavily dependent on imported goods, limited industrialization translates into heavy importation of manufactured goods
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This document discusses and compares democracy and dictatorship. It provides definitions and examples of each type of government. For democracy, it outlines key aspects like elections and majority rule. For dictatorship, it notes power is concentrated under one individual. The document then examines Pakistan's history under both democratic and dictatorial regimes, finding periods of dictatorship often saw higher economic growth but rose public opposition. It concludes that democracy is preferable if elections are fair and citizens elect competent representatives to have stable, prosperous governance.
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Independence was followed by optimism, great expectations; constitutions were democratic, attempts to forge nation-states, etc.
Search for legitimacy, aid from western nations,- Europe, etc. Voluntary Service Overseas from GB, Peace Corps from US, etc. Little from Russia and Easter Europe; not much from China, explain
Nkrumah’s united states of Africa- didn’t gain traction
OAU established in 1963- objectives, replace by African Union in 2002
Within a few years, most nations moved from multiparty system to one-arty rule; and others to military rule
Little attempt to break down linguistic and tribal barriers
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Concentration of political power: explain how many leaders have remained in power; one man rule became the order of the day
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1961-67, military take-overs in Togo, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, etc.
Muammar Gadhafi seized power in 1969, explain activities—intervened in several nations including Sudan, Egypt, Morocco, Chad, etc. overthrown in 2011
1970s: some of the worst abuses came to an end; Idi Amin in Uganda, Francisco Macias Nguema in Equatorial Guinea was overthrown in 1979; Jean-Bedel Bokassa (self-proclaimed emperor) was deposed
Horn of Africa, many problems. From 1962– Eritreans called for independence from Ethiopia, and was obtained in 1994
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Somalia– Siad Barre maintained power until country began to disintegrate—he fled from power in 1991, contextualize within events of end of Cold War, etc.
Collapse of Berlin Wall, and rising expectations, call for National Conference, collapse of many regimes, Kaunda, Hastings, Mobutu, etc.
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Most of countries in the world either being ruled on the ideal principle of democracy or formally declare democratic state. Democracy has age old evolutionary process, grow roots in certain environment and conditions it also depends on the history of state formation. It is perceived that the ideal forms of democratic governance are Western countries and that's why they developed in every sense. The developing countries have far reaching task to be at that level, it have their own challenges. In the case of India, it has been governed over by British Empire from centuries like many others it also came into being as a separate state as most of third world states in post de colonization phase. So, there are many deformities exist in those states because of their state formations, the artificial construction of boundaries, the conflicting materials and the western styled democracy, inefficient governance, transitional societies, ethno centric politics instead of citizens centric. These are some relevant factors which diminishes the democratic functioning of Indian State. This paper tries to ascertain the problem and prospects of Indian democracy in the context of minority Muslim rights. Md Tabrez Alam ""Democracy and Indian Muslims as Unequal"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-3 , April 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd22959.pdf
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Democracy Promotes Development
- 29. Democratic India
- 31. Democratic India
- 36. 1. Police brutality 2. State-of-emergency laws 3. Lack of free elections 4. Freedom of speech 5. Corruption 6. Unemployment 7. Food-price inflation 8. Low wages The Egyptian protesters focused on
- 40. The Golden Age
- 41. 1. Democratic governance was Introduced 2. Inception of strong nationalism & nation building ideologies 3. Political, Economic and Human Development
- 42. Democratic governance as Introduced 2. Inception of strong nationalism & nation building ideologies 3. Political, Economic and Human Development
- 43. 1. Democratic governance was Introduced 2. Inception of strong nationalism & nation building ideologies 3. Political, Economic and Human Development Successful maintenance of law and order Improved human development Economic growth
- 44. Shift to Autocratic Military Rule and One-Party Authoritarian Systems 1970s to 1995s
- 45. Political Map of the World, 1972
- 46. 1. By 1985, 50% of the continent was under military authoritarian rule 2. 1975-1995: a period of worsening economic regression, weakening governance 3. HDI declined for some countries in Africa
- 47. 1. By 1985, 50% of the continent was under military authoritarian rule 2. 1975-1995: a period of worsening economic regression, weakening governance 3. HDI declined for some countries in Africa 1. Lack of Democracy 2. Poor management of recourse & Revenue 3. High level of corruption 4. Weak rule of law 5. Lack of infrastructure
- 48. 1. By 1985, 50% of the continent was under military authoritarian rule 2. 1975-1995: a period of worsening economic regression, weakening governance 3. HDI declined for some countries in Africa 1. Lack of Democracy 2. Poor management of recourse & Revenue 3. High level of corruption 4. Weak rule of law 5. Lack of infrastructure
- 49. 1. By 1985, 50% of the continent was under military authoritarian rule 2. 1975-1995: a period of worsening economic regression, weakening governance 3. HDI declined for some countries in Africa 1. Lack of Democracy 2. Poor management of recourse & Revenue 3. High level of corruption 4. Weak rule of law 5. Lack of infrastructure
- 50. 1. By 1985, 50% of the continent was under military authoritarian rule 2. 1975-1995: a period of worsening economic regression, weakening governance 3. HDI declined for some countries in Africa 1. Lack of Democracy 2. Poor management of recourse & Revenue 3. High level of corruption 4. Weak rule of law 5. Lack of infrastructure
- 51. 1. By 1985, 50% of the continent was under military authoritarian rule 2. 1975-1995: a period of worsening economic regression, weakening governance 3. HDI declined for some countries in Africa 1. Lack of Democracy 2. Poor management of recourse & Revenue 3. High level of corruption 4. Weak rule of law 5. Lack of infrastructure
- 52. 1. By 1985, 50% of the continent was under military authoritarian rule 2. 1975-1995: a period of worsening economic regression, weakening governance 3. HDI declined for some countries in Africa = HDI Score Near “0” Human Development Index, Africa, 90s
- 55. Idi Amin Uganda Some African Dictators Omar Bongo, The Cameroon Bokassa, Central African Empire Mobutu, Ziare
- 56. Desmond Tutu Julius Nyerere Nelson Mandela Some African Statesmen Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
- 58. THE MO IBRAHIM INDEX OF AFRICAN GOVERNANCE, 2011
- 59. Bangladesh
- 63. 1. General Elections of Bangladesh 2. Unfinished Regime 3. Military Coups 4. Caretaking Regime 1973, 1996, 2014 1979, 1991,2001 1986, 1988 2006
- 64. 1. General Elections of Bangladesh 2. Unfinished Regime 3. Military Coups 4. Caretaking Regime 1973,1996 1979 1986
- 65. 1. General Elections of Bangladesh 2. Unfinished Regime 3. Military Coups 4. Caretaking Regime H.M. Ershad Major Monjur Colonel Taher Khaled Mosharraf
- 66. 1. General Elections of Bangladesh 2. Unfinished Regime 3. Military Coups 4. Caretaking Regime •Shahabuddin Ahmed – Election of 1991 •Muhammad Habibur Rahman – Election of 1996 •Latifur Rahman – Election of 2001 •Iajuddin Ahmed – Had to resign by a military coup on 11 January 2007 •Fakhruddin Ahmed – Appointed on 12 January 2007 ChiefAdvisers
- 68. Between 2004 & 2014, The average Growth of GDP was 6%
- 69. Export oriented Industrializations are leading the economy Bangladesh Exports of Major Products in FY 2013-2014
- 70. Bangladesh Textile Industry is The Second Largest In The World
- 71. RMG Sector of Bangladesh, Empowering Women - Ensuring Gender Equity & Equality
- 72. Remarkable Progress In Poverty Alleviation According to the World Bank, Bangladesh's poverty rate fell from 82% in 1972, to 18.5% in 2010, to 13.8% in 2016
- 74. Sustainable Development Expenditure in Bangladesh