Democracy exists in India, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan, with some variations. In India, democracy has been maintained for over 50 years, balancing religious diversity. The government has three branches - judicial, executive, and legislative. Sri Lanka also has these three branches, with the president serving as both head of state and government. Pakistan constitutionally has a democratic parliamentary system, with executive power held by the prime minister and cabinet working with the bicameral parliament. Media plays an important role in informing citizens in all three countries.

1. DEMOCRACY
DEMOCRACY IN INDIA , SRI LANKA AND PAKISTAN

2. WHAT IS DEMOCRACY?
• Democracy is a form of government in which
people have the right to choose their
representatives. These elected
representatives then go on to form a
government to rule the country. In simple
terms, we often hear people describing
democracy as a government that is “of the
people, by the people and for the people” of
that particular country.

3. DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM IN INDIA
• India has been able to quite successfully
maintain its democratic multiplicity for fifty
years since its independence.
• Important lesson different religions, to keep
the diversity of a subcontinent afloat in a
democratic ark. Everything else was negotiable.
• Balancing Interests
• Flaws

4. JUDICIAL
• The Indian judicial system follows the
common law system based on recorded
judicial precedents as inherited from the
British colonial legacy. The court system of
India comprises the Supreme Court of India,
the High Courts and subordinate courts at
district, municipal and village levels.

5. EXECUTIVE
• The Union executive consists of the President, the Vice-
President, and the Council of Ministers with the Prime
Minister as the head to aid and advise the President.
•
The main function of the executive is the branch of
Government responsible for the implementation of laws
and policies adopted by the legislature, involved in the
framing of policy.

6. LEGISLATURE
• Legislature of the Union, which is called
Parliament, consists of the President and two
Houses, known as Council of States (Rajya Sabha)
and House of the People (Lok Sabha). Each House
has to meet within six months of its previous
sitting. A joint sitting of two Houses can be held
in certain cases.

7. MEDIA
• The Indian media consists of several different
types of communications of mass
media: television, radio, cinema, newspapers,
magazines, and Internet-based websites/portals.
Indian media was active since the late 18th
century. The print media started in India as early
as 1780. Radio broadcasting began in 1927. Today
much of the media is controlled by large,
corporations, which reap revenue from
advertising, subscriptions, and sale
of copyrighted material

8. DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM IN SRI LANKA
• Legislative power is vested in the Parliament.
For decades, the party system was
dominated by the socialist Sri Lanka
Freedom Party and the conservative United
National Party. The Judiciary is independent
of the executive and the legislature. The
Economist Intelligence Unit rated Sri Lanka
a "flawed democracy" in 2022

9. JUDICAIL
• The Chief Justice and Justices of the Supreme
Court and Court of Appeal are appointed by the
President of Sri Lanka with the nomination of the
Parliamentary Council. Judges of the High Court
are appointed by the President on the advice of
the Judicial Service Commission.
•

10. EXECUTIVE
• Sri Lanka is a semi-presidential
representative democratic republic, whereby
the President of Sri Lanka is both head of
state and head of government, and it relies
on a multi-party system. Executive power is
exercised by the President on the advice of
the Prime Minister and the Cabinet of
Ministers.

11. LEGISLATURE
• Of the 225 members, 196 are elected from 22
electoral districts, which are multi-member. The
remaining 29 MPs are elected from National Lists
allocated to the parties (and independent groups)
in proportion to their share of the national vote.

12. MEDIA
• Sinhalese newspapers are Dinamina,
Lankadeepa, Lakbima, and Divaina. Tamil
newspapers are Uthayan, 'Tamil Mirror
Thinakaran, Thinakkural, Sudar Oli, Metro
and Virakesari.

13. DEMOCRACY IN PAKISTAN
• Pakistan constitutionally is a democratic
parliamentary republic with its political system
based on an elected form of governance. Since the
establishment of the current system in 2003,
Pakistan is one of the youngest democracies in the
world.

14. JUDICIAL
• The high court of each province has appellate
jurisdiction over the lower courts. The Supreme
Court has exclusive jurisdiction over disputes
between and among provincial governments, and
appellate jurisdiction over high court decisions.
•

15. EXECUTIVE
• Executive power is vested with the national
cabinet which is headed by Prime Minister of
Pakistan (Shehbaz Sharif; since 11 April 2022),
who works coherently along with the bicameral
parliament and the judicature.

16. LEGISLATURE
• The National Assembly of Pakistan is the
country's sovereign legislative body. It embodies
the will of the people to let themselves be
governed under the democratic, multi-party
Federal Parliamentary System.
•

17. MEDIA
• Mass media in Pakistan (Urdu: ‫پاکستان‬ ، ‫عوامی‬ ِ‫ابالغ‬ ‫ذرائع‬
)
provides information
on television, radio, cinema, newspapers,
and magazines in Pakistan. Pakistan has a vibrant
media landscape; among the most dynamic in South
Asia and world. Majority of media in Pakistan is
privately owned. Pakistan has around 300 privately
owned daily newspapers. According to the Pakistan
Bureau of Statistics (formerly the Federal Bureau of
Statistics), they had a combined daily sale of 6.1
million copies in 2009. Television is the main source of
news and information for people in Pakistan's towns,
cities and large areas of the countryside. Marketing
research company Gallup Pakistan, estimated there