The document summarizes the parliamentary system of government in Pakistan. It describes that Pakistan has a bicameral parliamentary system consisting of the National Assembly and Senate. The National Assembly is the lower house with 342 members who are directly elected for 5-year terms. The Senate has 100 members representing the four provinces who are elected for 6-year terms. Together they form the Parliament of Pakistan and exercise legislative powers along with certain oversight functions of the executive branch.

1. Parliamentary Government

2. PRESENTATION TITLE 2
PRESENTED BY:
• Muhammad Zubair Tariq
• Muhammad Naim
• Arslan Khan
• Asad Bilal

3. What is Parliament?
• The Parliament of Pakistan is the supreme
legislative body of the Islamic Republic of
Pakistan.
• It consist of two Houses (Uper house and lower
house i.e)

4. Uper House:
• The upper house is known as Senate, It contains
100 members for a time period of six years.
• It makes laws, omend laws and destroy old laws.
• Finical matters (budget)
• The current chairman of the Senate is Sadiq
Sanjrani of the Balochistan Awami Party

5. Lower
House:
• The lower house is known as National Assembly having 342
members for a time period of 5 years unless P.M dissolves the
assembly earlier.
• It has some shared powers with the upper house, such as
passing legislation, approving the budget, and overseeing the
executive.
• The current speaker of the National Assembly is Raja Pervaiz
Ashraf of the Pakistan Peoples Party.

6. President:
• Muslims, Citizen of Pakistan by birth
• Must not have been convicted of any
crime
• Must not have served more than two
terms as president before.
• Must be qualified to be elected as a
member of the National Assembly.
• Must be a resident of Pakistan for at
least six years

7. Prime
Minister:
• Muslims, Citizen of Pakistan by birth
• Must not have been convicted of any
crime
• Must not have served more than two
terms as president before.
• Must be at least 25 years old having
B.A or equivalent

8. DEMOCRACY
Democracy is an attributive term
like “freedom” and
“representation.”

9. DICTIONARY DEFINITION
Democracy is government by the people in
which the supreme power is vested in the
people and exercised directly by them or
by their elected agents under a free
electoral system.

10. Types Of
Democracy
There are four main
types of Democracy.
 Athenian democracy
 Direct democracy
 Representative
democracy
 Parliamentary
democracies

11. ATHENIAN
DEMOCRACY
While there were other societies
using democratic principles,
Athenian democracy is the most
famous type of ancient
democracy. In fact, the word
“democracy” comes from
demokratia, which is a Greek
word. Athens, Greece used a
democratic government from
the 5-4th century BCE. It had
three main bodies.
 The Assembly
 The Council

12. DIRECT
DEMOCRACY
Direct democracy is when all a
nation’s people – not
representatives – vote on every law,
bill, and court decision. While
Athenian democracy has some
aspects of direct democracy, it isn’t
a true democracy because it was so
exclusive. It didn’t consider women
or slaves “people” in the same way
as male citizens. While there are no
true democracies in the world today,
Switzerland provides one of the best
examples of direct democratic
processes.

13. REPRESENTATIVE
DEMOCRACY
Representative democracy is different
from pure democracy in that people elect
officials who then create laws and vote on
their behalf. This is the more common
form of democracy.The best example to
understand this type is Pakistan's
democracy in which we elect number of
people to represent us means people of
Pakistan.

14. PARLIAMENTARY
DEMOCRACY
Parliamentary democracies are a type
of representative democracy but the
slightest difference between both of
them is that in parliamentary
democracy The parliament is directly
involved in the selection of the head
of government, and the head of
government is accountable to the
parliament.
But, on the other hand, in
representative democracy the
executive branch is separate from the
legislative branch, and the head of

15. Structure of government of Pakistan
Three branches of structure
government of Pakistan:
• Legislature.
• Executive.
• Judiciary.

16. Structure of government of Pakistan
Legislature:
A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make laws for a
political entity such as a country, nation or city.
The legislative branch has two houses, which combined are known as
the Parliament of Pakistan
parliament
National
assembly
senate
Provincial
assembly

17. Structure of government of Pakistan
• Executive:
• The executive is the branch of government responsible for the overall
governance of a state.
• Also responsible for enforcing and executing laws made by the legislative
legislative branch of government.
Executive
Federal government
Provincial
government
• President
• Prime minister
• Federal
cabinet
• Governor
• Chief minister
• Provincial
cabinet

18. Structure of government of Pakistan
Judiciary:
• Judiciary decides if laws have been followed correctly and fairly. They
listen to arguments, make decisions, and ensure that everyone is
treated fairly under the law and ensuring justices in the country.
Judiciary
Federal sheriat
court
High
court
District court
Supreme court

19. NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
AND SENATE
Under Consitituition Of
1973

20. National Assembly
The National Assembly is the lower
house, and the Senate of Pakistan is the
upper house. National Assembly is
located in capital of Pakistan,
Islamabad. There are total 342
Members of National Assembly MNAs,
out of which 272 MNAs are elected in
general elections. 70 seats are reserved
for females and minority candidates. To
get sole majority, a political party must
win 172 seats.
PRESENTATION TITLE 20

21. Main Role
Legislative Functions:
 Lawmaking: The National Assembly is
primarily responsible for proposing,
debating, and passing legislation. Members
introduce bills, engage in discussions, and
vote on proposed laws.
 Budget Approval: The National Assembly
plays a crucial role in approving the federal
budget. Members review and scrutinize
budget proposals, ensuring fiscal
responsibility and alignment with national
priorities.
Representation:
 People's Representative: Members of the
National Assembly are directly elected by the
people of Pakistan. Their role is to represent
the diverse interests and concerns of their
constituents.
 Provincial Representation: The National
Assembly ensures proportional
representation from all provinces and
territories, reflecting the country's diverse

22. Seats Distribution
PRESENTATION TITLE 22

23. senate
The Senate, an integral component of
Pakistan's bicameral legislature.
Comprising members representing
provinces and territories, the Senate plays
a crucial role in fostering regional balance
and ensuring equal representation. Its
functions include revising legislation
proposed by the National Assembly,
contributing valuable insights, and acting
as a check on potential unilateral
decisions.
PRESENTATION TITLE 23

24. Main Role
Legislative Review and Revision:
The Senate serves as a revising
chamber, providing a crucial check on
legislation proposed by the National
Assembly. Senators contribute valuable
insights, amendments, and revisions to
ensure the thorough scrutiny of bills.
Regional Representation and Balance:
The Senate is designed to ensure
regional balance and proportional
representation. Senators represent
provinces and territories, fostering
inclusivity and preventing the
dominance of any particular region.
This geographic diversity contributes to
a more equitable legislative process.
Constitutional Significance:
The Senate holds a significant
Ideology of Pakistan 24

25. Increase And Decrease in Seats
originally 45
1973
The government of
Gen. Pervez
Musharraf raised 87
to 100
2002
raised to 63
1977
The government of
Asif Ali Zardari
raised 100 to 104
2011
Raised to 87
1985
PRESENTATION TITLE 25
2021
The seats for FATA
were removed
after its merger
with KPK.