The document proposes a Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network (DIGC-Net) model to predict traffic speeds based on incidents. DIGC-Net uses a graph convolutional network to capture spatial road features, an LSTM to capture temporal patterns, and a fully connected layer to capture periodic features. It also uses an RNN to model how past incidents affect future traffic and speeds. The model discovers critical incidents using anomalous degree and speed variation, extracts latent incident impact features using a classifier, and incorporates these along with spatio-temporal and periodic features for traffic speed prediction.
Presentation from NORTHMOST - a new biannual series of meetings on the topic of mathematical modelling in transport.
Hosted at its.leeds.ac.uk, NORTHMOST 01 focussed on academic research, to encourage networking and collaboration between academics interested in the methodological development of mathematical modelling applied to transport.
The focus of the meetings will alternate; NORTHMOST 02 - planned for Spring 2017 - will be led by practitioners who are modelling experts. Practitioners will give presentations, with academic researchers in the audience. In addition to giving a forum for expert practitioners to meet and share best practice, a key aim of the series is to close the gap between research and practice, establishing a feedback loop to communicate the needs of practitioners to those working in university research.
Presentation from NORTHMOST - a new biannual series of meetings on the topic of mathematical modelling in transport.
Hosted at its.leeds.ac.uk, NORTHMOST 01 focussed on academic research, to encourage networking and collaboration between academics interested in the methodological development of mathematical modelling applied to transport.
The focus of the meetings will alternate; NORTHMOST 02 - planned for Spring 2017 - will be led by practitioners who are modelling experts. Practitioners will give presentations, with academic researchers in the audience. In addition to giving a forum for expert practitioners to meet and share best practice, a key aim of the series is to close the gap between research and practice, establishing a feedback loop to communicate the needs of practitioners to those working in university research.
Presentation from NORTHMOST - a new biannual series of meetings on the topic of mathematical modelling in transport.
Hosted at its.leeds.ac.uk, NORTHMOST 01 focussed on academic research, to encourage networking and collaboration between academics interested in the methodological development of mathematical modelling applied to transport.
The focus of the meetings will alternate; NORTHMOST 02 - planned for Spring 2017 - will be led by practitioners who are modelling experts. Practitioners will give presentations, with academic researchers in the audience. In addition to giving a forum for expert practitioners to meet and share best practice, a key aim of the series is to close the gap between research and practice, establishing a feedback loop to communicate the needs of practitioners to those working in university research.
The document describes a double layer ramp metering model based on adaptive neural networking. The lower model uses a backpropagation neural network to identify where traffic incident congestion occurs on an expressway. It outputs the congested section number and ramps needing control. The upper model then designs the ramp metering strategy to control ramp entry rates and optimize traffic flow. A case study showed this adaptive approach improved traffic flow over fixed-time ramp metering.
Case Studies in Managing Traffic in a Developing Country with Privacy-Preserv...Biplav Srivastava
Simulation is known to be an effective technique to understand
and manage traffic in cities of developed countries. However, in developing countries, traffic management is lacking due to a wide diversity of vehicles on the road, their chaotic movement, little instrumentation to sense traffic state and limited funds to create IT and physical infrastructure to ameliorate the situation. Under these conditions, in this paper, we present our approach of using the Megaffic traffic simulator as a service to gain actionable insights for two use-cases and cities in India, a first. Our approach is general to be readily used in other use cases and cities; and our results give new insights: (a) using demographics data, traffic demand can be reduced if timings of government offices are altered in Delhi, (b) using a mobile company’s Call
Data Record (CDR) data to mine trajectories anonymously,
one can take effective traffic actions while organizing events
in Mumbai at local scale.
Prediction of traveller information and route choiceayishairshad
ayisha irshad ppt Subjected presentation is based on a research paper by
Afzal Ahmeda, Dong Ngoduya & David Watlinga
a Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, 34–40
University Road, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Published online: 10 Jun 2015.
Traffic Access and Impact Study Guidelines & Proceduresgscplanning
This document outlines guidelines and procedures for conducting traffic access and impact studies in support of proposed development plans. It defines when a study is required based on estimated vehicle trips, and specifies the information that must be included, such as analyses of existing and future traffic conditions with and without the proposed development, during peak hours. The study area, analysis tools, and performance measures are also identified. Qualified transportation engineers must prepare the studies following these standard requirements.
Urban Traffic Estimation & Optimization: An OverviewRakedet
This document discusses several methods for urban traffic estimation and optimization. It describes two categories of traffic estimation - queue length and travel time estimation. Methods mentioned include using mobile phones, GPS data from mobile phones, and vehicle-to-vehicle communication. The document also discusses optimizing traffic through vehicle routing and traffic signal control, and references models for traffic optimization, signal control, and dynamic vehicle routing based on real-time traffic information.
Presentation from NORTHMOST - a new biannual series of meetings on the topic of mathematical modelling in transport.
Hosted at its.leeds.ac.uk, NORTHMOST 01 focussed on academic research, to encourage networking and collaboration between academics interested in the methodological development of mathematical modelling applied to transport.
The focus of the meetings will alternate; NORTHMOST 02 - planned for Spring 2017 - will be led by practitioners who are modelling experts. Practitioners will give presentations, with academic researchers in the audience. In addition to giving a forum for expert practitioners to meet and share best practice, a key aim of the series is to close the gap between research and practice, establishing a feedback loop to communicate the needs of practitioners to those working in university research.
Presentation from NORTHMOST - a new biannual series of meetings on the topic of mathematical modelling in transport.
Hosted at its.leeds.ac.uk, NORTHMOST 01 focussed on academic research, to encourage networking and collaboration between academics interested in the methodological development of mathematical modelling applied to transport.
The focus of the meetings will alternate; NORTHMOST 02 - planned for Spring 2017 - will be led by practitioners who are modelling experts. Practitioners will give presentations, with academic researchers in the audience. In addition to giving a forum for expert practitioners to meet and share best practice, a key aim of the series is to close the gap between research and practice, establishing a feedback loop to communicate the needs of practitioners to those working in university research.
Presentation from NORTHMOST - a new biannual series of meetings on the topic of mathematical modelling in transport.
Hosted at its.leeds.ac.uk, NORTHMOST 01 focussed on academic research, to encourage networking and collaboration between academics interested in the methodological development of mathematical modelling applied to transport.
The focus of the meetings will alternate; NORTHMOST 02 - planned for Spring 2017 - will be led by practitioners who are modelling experts. Practitioners will give presentations, with academic researchers in the audience. In addition to giving a forum for expert practitioners to meet and share best practice, a key aim of the series is to close the gap between research and practice, establishing a feedback loop to communicate the needs of practitioners to those working in university research.
The document describes a double layer ramp metering model based on adaptive neural networking. The lower model uses a backpropagation neural network to identify where traffic incident congestion occurs on an expressway. It outputs the congested section number and ramps needing control. The upper model then designs the ramp metering strategy to control ramp entry rates and optimize traffic flow. A case study showed this adaptive approach improved traffic flow over fixed-time ramp metering.
Case Studies in Managing Traffic in a Developing Country with Privacy-Preserv...Biplav Srivastava
Simulation is known to be an effective technique to understand
and manage traffic in cities of developed countries. However, in developing countries, traffic management is lacking due to a wide diversity of vehicles on the road, their chaotic movement, little instrumentation to sense traffic state and limited funds to create IT and physical infrastructure to ameliorate the situation. Under these conditions, in this paper, we present our approach of using the Megaffic traffic simulator as a service to gain actionable insights for two use-cases and cities in India, a first. Our approach is general to be readily used in other use cases and cities; and our results give new insights: (a) using demographics data, traffic demand can be reduced if timings of government offices are altered in Delhi, (b) using a mobile company’s Call
Data Record (CDR) data to mine trajectories anonymously,
one can take effective traffic actions while organizing events
in Mumbai at local scale.
Prediction of traveller information and route choiceayishairshad
ayisha irshad ppt Subjected presentation is based on a research paper by
Afzal Ahmeda, Dong Ngoduya & David Watlinga
a Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds, 34–40
University Road, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Published online: 10 Jun 2015.
Traffic Access and Impact Study Guidelines & Proceduresgscplanning
This document outlines guidelines and procedures for conducting traffic access and impact studies in support of proposed development plans. It defines when a study is required based on estimated vehicle trips, and specifies the information that must be included, such as analyses of existing and future traffic conditions with and without the proposed development, during peak hours. The study area, analysis tools, and performance measures are also identified. Qualified transportation engineers must prepare the studies following these standard requirements.
Urban Traffic Estimation & Optimization: An OverviewRakedet
This document discusses several methods for urban traffic estimation and optimization. It describes two categories of traffic estimation - queue length and travel time estimation. Methods mentioned include using mobile phones, GPS data from mobile phones, and vehicle-to-vehicle communication. The document also discusses optimizing traffic through vehicle routing and traffic signal control, and references models for traffic optimization, signal control, and dynamic vehicle routing based on real-time traffic information.
This document describes methods for assessing traffic flow improvements using SCATS (Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System) data. It analyzes the effects of pinch point improvements at the intersection of Princes Highway and President Avenue in Kogarah, Sydney. The analysis used functional summaries of high-volume SCATS data to evaluate changes at the route, intersection, and network scales. At the route scale, flows increased 14% and congestion was reduced by 3.6%. The intersection saw a 38-40% increase in optimal hourly throughput. Network effects were mixed but included significant improvements at the treatment intersection and some for northbound traffic on nearby roads. The functional summary approach provided a flexible way to leverage large amounts of
The document proposes a cognitive urban transport system using autonomous electric buses and optimized routes determined by machine learning algorithms. Real-time passenger requests would be used to optimize bus routes to minimize travel time and congestion while maximizing passengers transported. Routes and bus assignments would be determined by metaheuristics algorithms and further refined by neural networks in real-time. The system aims to reduce individual car usage and the associated problems of congestion, pollution, and wasted time compared to traditional fixed public transport routes. Key challenges include integrating this dynamic system with other transport and ensuring reliable arrival times.
This document discusses the appropriate level of traffic modeling detail needed for different transportation planning and engineering tasks. It recommends using deterministic models for long-term regional planning when accuracy is less important. Micro-deterministic or microsimulation models are best for detailed intersection design and operations analysis when vehicle dynamics need to be captured. The key is choosing a model that meets the needs of the task in terms of time horizon, required accuracy, and ability to test different scenarios.
PSU Friday Transportation Seminar 10/4/2013, featuring Michael Mauch of DKS Associates: Real-world traffic trends observed in PORTAL and INRIX traffic data are used to expand the performance measures that can be obtained from Portland Metro's travel demand model to include the number of hours of congestion that can be expected during a typical weekday and travel time reliability measures for congested freeway corridors.
This document discusses the theory and implementation of traffic responsive plan selection for signal timing. It describes using detection data to select between predefined timing plans on a 5.6 mile arterial with 13 signals. The strategy involves developing fine-tuned base plans and a few "event" plans, then using real-time volume and occupancy to choose the best plan. Detection is critical to ensure accurate thresholds. Pattern reports allow evaluating plan selections for fine-tuning the system. Traffic responsive systems can improve on fixed plans by adapting to actual traffic conditions.
APAS is a software service that generates predicted arrival times for package deliveries based on telemetry data from carriers and other resources. It uses GPS data, delivery activities, distances, and predictive heuristics to calculate arrival times with different confidence levels. The service has an architecture that includes collecting and processing telemetry data via data flows, managing carrier routes and stops, and providing predictions to end users through an analysis filter service.
This document summarizes a study on implementing demand-responsive transit (DRT) services in Stockholm, Sweden. The researchers:
1. Developed a methodology to analyze existing trip data, demographics, and other factors to model demand and identify optimal areas for a DRT pilot project. This included developing a gravity model to estimate potential trips.
2. Applied the methodology to identify the top 3 candidate clusters for the pilot: Sollentuna, Hammarbyhöjden/Björkhagen, and Södertälje.
3. Discussed opportunities to improve the analysis, such as incorporating additional data sources and parameters or using more advanced clustering algorithms.
Transportation system planning is a tool that attempts to provide feasible and systematic methods for solving transport problems in a society. It starts by identifying differences between user needs and the existing transportation system. It then goes through stages to meet goals and objectives, requiring various analyses including measuring the performance of the existing system. For complex multi-modal systems, this involves aggregate performance measurement across all components. Two common methods are corridor analysis and area-wide analysis.
8 capacity-analysis ( Transportation and Traffic Engineering Dr. Sheriff El-B...Hossam Shafiq I
This document discusses concepts related to transportation capacity analysis including:
- Definitions of level of service (LOS) categories A through F and their characteristics.
- How capacity is defined as the maximum hourly rate of vehicles that can pass a point under prevailing conditions.
- Procedures from the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) for calculating capacity for basic freeway sections and the impacts of factors like lane width, lateral clearance, and free flow speed.
- The relationships between capacity, LOS, and transportation design and how capacity analysis can inform design.
Machine Learning Approach to Report Prioritization with an ...butest
The document describes a machine learning approach to prioritize reports in a vehicle communication network. Reports contain information like travel times and are stored in local databases with limited size. A model is developed to learn the relevance of reports using attributes like age and road type. The model is applied to prioritize travel time reports to disseminate updated speeds to vehicles for route planning. Evaluation shows logistic regression accurately predicts relevant reports to change routes.
Robust Sensing and Analytics in Urban EnvironmentFangzhou Sun
This document discusses research on improving urban transit systems through robust sensing and analytics. It presents a case study of optimizing a transit system using Nashville's bus routes. The research goals are to reduce uncertainty in transit data, improve system effectiveness, and reduce computation overhead. Specific solutions proposed include developing predictive models for bus delays using clustered multivariate data, building a surrogate traffic sensing model using probe vehicles, and using unsupervised algorithms and genetic algorithms to optimize bus timetables and improve on-time performance.
This document summarizes a student group's traffic volume study project. The group conducted manual counts at a location on Panthapath Street in Dhaka for 20 minutes, counting 1088 vehicles in total. They analyzed the data to determine vehicle types and directional distribution. Estimates were made for average daily traffic and annual average daily traffic based on expansion factors. However, limitations included a lack of 24-hour count data needed to develop an accurate daily traffic fluctuation curve. Recommendations included using automatic counts for better data accuracy and encouraging public transport use to improve the road's level of service.
Traffic study on road network to identify the short term road improvement pro...iaemedu
This document summarizes a traffic study conducted on the road network in Salem, India. 162 road links in the Salem Corporation were identified for analysis. Traffic volume counts were conducted across these links to understand current traffic conditions. Physical characteristics of the roads like surface condition, lighting, footpaths and drainage were also studied. The study found that 44 road links required removal of on-street parking and encroachment, 52 links required road widening, and 23 links needed traffic management measures and additional widening to efficiently carry existing traffic flows. The analysis aims to identify short-term road improvement projects needed to address transportation problems from population and vehicle growth in the urban area.
This document describes a project to map bus speeds in New York City using historical and real-time MTA bus data. The project analyzes bus location pings every 30 seconds to gain insights into traffic conditions and optimize bus routes. An interactive website allows visualization of bus speeds and statistics. Data is processed using Hadoop and stored in Redis to support the visualizations. The project aims to identify issues that could improve traffic flow and transportation balance.
Presentation delivered at the 2015 Transportation Association of Canada (TAC) Conference & Exhibition, from September 27 to 30, during the session entitled Goods Movement - Reaching Destinations Safely and Efficiently.
Prepared by
François Bélisle, Eng., B. Sc., M.A.
Marilyne Brosseau, Eng., M.Eng.
Steve Careau, Eng.
Philippe Mytofir, techn.
Validated by:
Stephan Kellner, Eng., M.Eng.
Solution to the Traffic Problem
Pune Traffic Police department requires a modern framework to manage the growing traffic and the growing boundaries of the city. They also have a requirement to digitize records and administration of fines in order to prevent corruption. They are keen to involve citizens to backfill the shortage of police staff. The project calls for a total redesign of their technology and tools from scratch.
The proposed technology should enable development of light-weight applications like the following. You are welcome to imagine additional use cases and propose solutions.
1. Online Traffic Signal Management
a. Enable Police Control Room to monitor traffic patterns and control traffic signals in real time
b. Enable emergency vehicles to override signals for rapid passage
2. Curb Corruption
a. Develop an audio-visual tool to capture officer’s interactions with offenders
3. Instafine
a. Police can take pictures of traffic violations
b. They can select the category and severity of violation, and submit immediately
c. Information about fines can be dispatched by post, email, Whatsapp, SMS, etc.
4. Citizen Police
a. Citizens can take pictures of traffic violations and submit to the Control Room
b. Control Room processes the complaints and sends fines to offenders
This document discusses transportation corridor planning and analysis. It defines key terms like corridor, segment, point, and describes steps for corridor identification and analysis. Corridor analysis estimates performance by calculating capacity, travel time, and queue delay. Screen line and cordon line surveys are discussed to understand travel patterns and verify traffic models. In conclusion, congestion delay accounts for 28.9% of travel time and some sections show operational failure though vehicles pass without stopping.
Highway traffic optimization by variable speed limitsJoseph Chow
The document describes a term project analyzing variable speed limit (VSL) systems. It establishes a benchmark transportation system without VSL and uses differential evolution algorithms to optimize VSL locations and speed limits. The optimized VSL system showed a 4% increase in overall traffic flow over 1 hour compared to the benchmark system without VSL, demonstrating VSL's potential to improve traffic flow, though congestion was not fully solved. Differential evolution was effective but inefficient, requiring over 20 iterations taking nearly a day to run.
The document proposes an Attention Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (A3T-GCN) model for traffic forecasting that aims to simultaneously capture global temporal dynamics and spatial correlations in traffic data. The A3T-GCN combines a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to learn spatial dependencies based on road network topology with a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) to learn temporal trends, and introduces an attention mechanism to adjust the importance of different time points and better predict traffic. Experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed A3T-GCN model.
This document describes methods for assessing traffic flow improvements using SCATS (Sydney Coordinated Adaptive Traffic System) data. It analyzes the effects of pinch point improvements at the intersection of Princes Highway and President Avenue in Kogarah, Sydney. The analysis used functional summaries of high-volume SCATS data to evaluate changes at the route, intersection, and network scales. At the route scale, flows increased 14% and congestion was reduced by 3.6%. The intersection saw a 38-40% increase in optimal hourly throughput. Network effects were mixed but included significant improvements at the treatment intersection and some for northbound traffic on nearby roads. The functional summary approach provided a flexible way to leverage large amounts of
The document proposes a cognitive urban transport system using autonomous electric buses and optimized routes determined by machine learning algorithms. Real-time passenger requests would be used to optimize bus routes to minimize travel time and congestion while maximizing passengers transported. Routes and bus assignments would be determined by metaheuristics algorithms and further refined by neural networks in real-time. The system aims to reduce individual car usage and the associated problems of congestion, pollution, and wasted time compared to traditional fixed public transport routes. Key challenges include integrating this dynamic system with other transport and ensuring reliable arrival times.
This document discusses the appropriate level of traffic modeling detail needed for different transportation planning and engineering tasks. It recommends using deterministic models for long-term regional planning when accuracy is less important. Micro-deterministic or microsimulation models are best for detailed intersection design and operations analysis when vehicle dynamics need to be captured. The key is choosing a model that meets the needs of the task in terms of time horizon, required accuracy, and ability to test different scenarios.
PSU Friday Transportation Seminar 10/4/2013, featuring Michael Mauch of DKS Associates: Real-world traffic trends observed in PORTAL and INRIX traffic data are used to expand the performance measures that can be obtained from Portland Metro's travel demand model to include the number of hours of congestion that can be expected during a typical weekday and travel time reliability measures for congested freeway corridors.
This document discusses the theory and implementation of traffic responsive plan selection for signal timing. It describes using detection data to select between predefined timing plans on a 5.6 mile arterial with 13 signals. The strategy involves developing fine-tuned base plans and a few "event" plans, then using real-time volume and occupancy to choose the best plan. Detection is critical to ensure accurate thresholds. Pattern reports allow evaluating plan selections for fine-tuning the system. Traffic responsive systems can improve on fixed plans by adapting to actual traffic conditions.
APAS is a software service that generates predicted arrival times for package deliveries based on telemetry data from carriers and other resources. It uses GPS data, delivery activities, distances, and predictive heuristics to calculate arrival times with different confidence levels. The service has an architecture that includes collecting and processing telemetry data via data flows, managing carrier routes and stops, and providing predictions to end users through an analysis filter service.
This document summarizes a study on implementing demand-responsive transit (DRT) services in Stockholm, Sweden. The researchers:
1. Developed a methodology to analyze existing trip data, demographics, and other factors to model demand and identify optimal areas for a DRT pilot project. This included developing a gravity model to estimate potential trips.
2. Applied the methodology to identify the top 3 candidate clusters for the pilot: Sollentuna, Hammarbyhöjden/Björkhagen, and Södertälje.
3. Discussed opportunities to improve the analysis, such as incorporating additional data sources and parameters or using more advanced clustering algorithms.
Transportation system planning is a tool that attempts to provide feasible and systematic methods for solving transport problems in a society. It starts by identifying differences between user needs and the existing transportation system. It then goes through stages to meet goals and objectives, requiring various analyses including measuring the performance of the existing system. For complex multi-modal systems, this involves aggregate performance measurement across all components. Two common methods are corridor analysis and area-wide analysis.
8 capacity-analysis ( Transportation and Traffic Engineering Dr. Sheriff El-B...Hossam Shafiq I
This document discusses concepts related to transportation capacity analysis including:
- Definitions of level of service (LOS) categories A through F and their characteristics.
- How capacity is defined as the maximum hourly rate of vehicles that can pass a point under prevailing conditions.
- Procedures from the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) for calculating capacity for basic freeway sections and the impacts of factors like lane width, lateral clearance, and free flow speed.
- The relationships between capacity, LOS, and transportation design and how capacity analysis can inform design.
Machine Learning Approach to Report Prioritization with an ...butest
The document describes a machine learning approach to prioritize reports in a vehicle communication network. Reports contain information like travel times and are stored in local databases with limited size. A model is developed to learn the relevance of reports using attributes like age and road type. The model is applied to prioritize travel time reports to disseminate updated speeds to vehicles for route planning. Evaluation shows logistic regression accurately predicts relevant reports to change routes.
Robust Sensing and Analytics in Urban EnvironmentFangzhou Sun
This document discusses research on improving urban transit systems through robust sensing and analytics. It presents a case study of optimizing a transit system using Nashville's bus routes. The research goals are to reduce uncertainty in transit data, improve system effectiveness, and reduce computation overhead. Specific solutions proposed include developing predictive models for bus delays using clustered multivariate data, building a surrogate traffic sensing model using probe vehicles, and using unsupervised algorithms and genetic algorithms to optimize bus timetables and improve on-time performance.
This document summarizes a student group's traffic volume study project. The group conducted manual counts at a location on Panthapath Street in Dhaka for 20 minutes, counting 1088 vehicles in total. They analyzed the data to determine vehicle types and directional distribution. Estimates were made for average daily traffic and annual average daily traffic based on expansion factors. However, limitations included a lack of 24-hour count data needed to develop an accurate daily traffic fluctuation curve. Recommendations included using automatic counts for better data accuracy and encouraging public transport use to improve the road's level of service.
Traffic study on road network to identify the short term road improvement pro...iaemedu
This document summarizes a traffic study conducted on the road network in Salem, India. 162 road links in the Salem Corporation were identified for analysis. Traffic volume counts were conducted across these links to understand current traffic conditions. Physical characteristics of the roads like surface condition, lighting, footpaths and drainage were also studied. The study found that 44 road links required removal of on-street parking and encroachment, 52 links required road widening, and 23 links needed traffic management measures and additional widening to efficiently carry existing traffic flows. The analysis aims to identify short-term road improvement projects needed to address transportation problems from population and vehicle growth in the urban area.
This document describes a project to map bus speeds in New York City using historical and real-time MTA bus data. The project analyzes bus location pings every 30 seconds to gain insights into traffic conditions and optimize bus routes. An interactive website allows visualization of bus speeds and statistics. Data is processed using Hadoop and stored in Redis to support the visualizations. The project aims to identify issues that could improve traffic flow and transportation balance.
Presentation delivered at the 2015 Transportation Association of Canada (TAC) Conference & Exhibition, from September 27 to 30, during the session entitled Goods Movement - Reaching Destinations Safely and Efficiently.
Prepared by
François Bélisle, Eng., B. Sc., M.A.
Marilyne Brosseau, Eng., M.Eng.
Steve Careau, Eng.
Philippe Mytofir, techn.
Validated by:
Stephan Kellner, Eng., M.Eng.
Solution to the Traffic Problem
Pune Traffic Police department requires a modern framework to manage the growing traffic and the growing boundaries of the city. They also have a requirement to digitize records and administration of fines in order to prevent corruption. They are keen to involve citizens to backfill the shortage of police staff. The project calls for a total redesign of their technology and tools from scratch.
The proposed technology should enable development of light-weight applications like the following. You are welcome to imagine additional use cases and propose solutions.
1. Online Traffic Signal Management
a. Enable Police Control Room to monitor traffic patterns and control traffic signals in real time
b. Enable emergency vehicles to override signals for rapid passage
2. Curb Corruption
a. Develop an audio-visual tool to capture officer’s interactions with offenders
3. Instafine
a. Police can take pictures of traffic violations
b. They can select the category and severity of violation, and submit immediately
c. Information about fines can be dispatched by post, email, Whatsapp, SMS, etc.
4. Citizen Police
a. Citizens can take pictures of traffic violations and submit to the Control Room
b. Control Room processes the complaints and sends fines to offenders
This document discusses transportation corridor planning and analysis. It defines key terms like corridor, segment, point, and describes steps for corridor identification and analysis. Corridor analysis estimates performance by calculating capacity, travel time, and queue delay. Screen line and cordon line surveys are discussed to understand travel patterns and verify traffic models. In conclusion, congestion delay accounts for 28.9% of travel time and some sections show operational failure though vehicles pass without stopping.
Highway traffic optimization by variable speed limitsJoseph Chow
The document describes a term project analyzing variable speed limit (VSL) systems. It establishes a benchmark transportation system without VSL and uses differential evolution algorithms to optimize VSL locations and speed limits. The optimized VSL system showed a 4% increase in overall traffic flow over 1 hour compared to the benchmark system without VSL, demonstrating VSL's potential to improve traffic flow, though congestion was not fully solved. Differential evolution was effective but inefficient, requiring over 20 iterations taking nearly a day to run.
The document proposes an Attention Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (A3T-GCN) model for traffic forecasting that aims to simultaneously capture global temporal dynamics and spatial correlations in traffic data. The A3T-GCN combines a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to learn spatial dependencies based on road network topology with a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) to learn temporal trends, and introduces an attention mechanism to adjust the importance of different time points and better predict traffic. Experimental results on real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed A3T-GCN model.
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a deep learning framework called Spatial-Temporal Dynamic Network (STDN) for traffic prediction. STDN uses two key mechanisms: 1) A flow gating mechanism to explicitly model dynamic spatial similarity between locations based on traffic flow data. 2) A periodically shifted attention mechanism to capture long-term periodic dependency while accounting for temporal shifting in traffic patterns. The paper evaluates STDN on real-world taxi and bike-sharing datasets, finding it outperforms other state-of-the-art methods for traffic prediction.
Wherecamp Navigation Conference 2015 - The unintelligent swarmWhereCampBerlin
1) The document discusses how traffic routing oscillations can occur when a high percentage of drivers receive real-time traffic information from the same provider and choose routes based on that information.
2) Microsimulations of a worst-case scenario showed that when all drivers on the network received the same estimated travel times, it led to unstable routing patterns as traffic levels on different roads continually fluctuated.
3) To overcome these instabilities, the document recommends using stochastic route choice models that incorporate an element of uncertainty into individual routing decisions, helping to distribute traffic more evenly across the network.
Crashes on limited access roadways typically occur due to drivers being unable to react in time to avoid collisions with vehicles ahead of them either moving slower or merging
unexpectedly. Prevailing traffic stream conditions with high volume and low or variable speed downstream of low volume and high speed conditions can increase the possibilities for such collisions to occur. Real time trajectories of vehicles collected through crowd sourcing methods can give information about the distribution of speeds in the traffic stream by space
and time. Spatio-temporal models relating these observed speed distributions to the occurrence of crashes or near crashes can help to identify crash prone traffic conditions as
they arise, offering the opportunity to warn drivers before crashes occur.
Route optimization using network analyst tools of arcgis(mid term evaluation)...PRABHATKUMAR751
This document summarizes a thesis on route optimization for Prayagraj city using ArcGIS Network Analyst tools. The objectives are to generate a spatial network dataset for the study area, collect traffic volume and travel time data using video recording and test vehicles, and identify congested areas and alternative routes through network analysis. The methodology involves video-graphic techniques to collect traffic volumes at intersections and identify peak hours, test vehicles to collect travel times on major routes during peak and off-peak periods, and using the Network Analyst tool to find shortest routes and congested locations. The work plan describes using the data collected to analyze traffic characteristics and develop solutions to optimize routes in Prayagraj.
- The document describes a method for understanding city traffic dynamics by utilizing sensor data that measures average speed and link travel time, as well as textual data from tweets and official traffic reports.
- It builds statistical models to learn normal traffic patterns from historical sensor data and identifies anomalies, then correlates anomalies with relevant traffic events extracted from tweets and reports.
- The method was evaluated on data collected for the San Francisco Bay Area, and it was able to scale to large real-world datasets by exploiting the problem structure and using Apache Spark for distributed processing. Events extracted from social media provided complementary information to sensor data for explaining traffic anomalies.
The document discusses integrating sensor and social data to understand city events. It describes collecting data from multiple sources, including sensors and social media. Statistical models are used to analyze the sensor data and identify anomalies, which are then correlated with events extracted from social media using spatial and temporal proximity. The approach is evaluated on traffic data from San Francisco, integrating data from traffic sensors and Twitter to extract and corroborate traffic events.
IRJET - A Review on Pedestrian Behavior Prediction for Intelligent Transport ...IRJET Journal
This document reviews various techniques for predicting pedestrian behavior for intelligent transportation systems. It discusses algorithms that aim to predict pedestrian motion around crossroads to avoid potential collisions with vehicles. The document summarizes several papers that propose different methods for pedestrian behavior prediction, including the use of LSTM neural networks, goal-directed planning with deep neural networks, analyzing pedestrian-vehicle interaction behavior, using CNNs for pedestrian detection and direction prediction, predicting pedestrian intention at night using infrared cameras and fuzzy automata, and memory-based and physical modeling approaches.
Road traffic issues, moreover, has become the backbone for major injuries ,deaths in recent times.The problem lies between negligence and the false approach towards the better analysis of traffic events.
To avoid road mishaps, it is not enough to just improve the road conditions, but also needs to control the traffic accidents happening by analyzing the cause-and-effect regulations.
1) The document discusses the development of a traffic data fusion methodology that intelligently combines multiple data sources to obtain more accurate and complete traffic information than any single source can provide alone.
2) Different data sources have strengths and weaknesses depending on traffic conditions, and understanding these strengths and weaknesses helps to resolve differences between sources.
3) Intelligent data fusion using quality measures from multiple sources can provide near-complete traffic coverage and high quality information, improving transport network management and planning.
Predictive Data Dissemination in VanetDhruvMarothi
Predictive Data Dissemination in Vanet aims to efficiently disseminate data in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) by using predictive mechanisms. The presented techniques take advantage of GPS and map data to select vehicles that will further broadcast information to designated areas. Simulation results showed these techniques can alleviate broadcast storms while effectively disseminating data in both urban and highway scenarios. The document discusses several challenges for future work, including intermittent connectivity, high mobility, heterogeneous vehicles, privacy and security, and enabling network intelligence in large-scale VANETs.
Spatiotemporal Characterization of Commuting Flows in Urban Mobility Networks...Meead Saberi
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3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
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3. Practical demonstrations
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UiPath integration with generative AI
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Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
- Learn how to view and analyze Kafka messages stored in a data lake for better insights.
7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
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Presented at the CAiSE 2024 Forum, Intelligent Information Systems, June 6th, Limassol, Cyprus.
Synopsis: Cooperative information systems typically involve various entities in a collaborative process within a distributed environment. Blockchain technology offers a mechanism for automating such processes, even when only partial trust exists among participants. The data stored on the blockchain is replicated across all nodes in the network, ensuring accessibility to all participants. While this aspect facilitates traceability, integrity, and persistence, it poses challenges for adopting public blockchains in enterprise settings due to confidentiality issues. In this paper, we present a software tool named Control Access via Key Encryption (CAKE), designed to ensure data confidentiality in scenarios involving public blockchains. After outlining its core components and functionalities, we showcase the application of CAKE in the context of a real-world cyber-security project within the logistics domain.
Paper: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61000-4_16
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI modelsZilliz
Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems with open-source and custom AI models is a complex task. This talk explores the challenges in productionizing RAG systems, including retrieval performance, response synthesis, and evaluation. We’ll discuss how to leverage open-source models like text embeddings, language models, and custom fine-tuned models to enhance RAG performance. Additionally, we’ll cover how BentoML can help orchestrate and scale these AI components efficiently, ensuring seamless deployment and management of RAG systems in the cloud.
Infrastructure Challenges in Scaling RAG with Custom AI models
Deep graph convolutional networks for incident driven traffic speed prediction
1. Deep Graph Convolutional Networks for
Incident-Driven Traffic Speed Prediction
ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, 2020
Qinge Xie, Tiancheng Guo, Yang Chen, Yu Xiao, Xin Wang, and Ben Y. Zhao
March 12, 2021
Presenter: KyungHwan Moon
2. Contents
• Overview of the Paper
• Background and Motivation
• Introduction
• Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
• Experiment
• Conclusion and Discussion
3. 2
Overview of the Paper
Spatio-temporal Learning
(Graph Convolutional Network + LSTM)
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
∎ Graph Convolutional Network (GCN)
: Capture spatial features of road networks
∎ LSTM
: Capture the time evolution patterns of traffic speeds
∎ RNN
: Contains loops that allow information to persist, so
previous incidents will affect the traffic conditions,
which may lead to the occurrence of future incidents
∎ Fully Connected Layer (FC)
: Capture the long-term periodic features
Incident Learning
(RNN)
Periodic Learning
(Fully Connected Layer)
4. 3
Background and Motivation
Previous studies on traffic speed prediction predominately used
spatio-temporal and context features for prediction
∎ They have not made good use of the impact of traffic incidents
Incident-driven prediction framework consists of three processes
∎ Propose a critical incident discovery method to discover traffic incidents with
high impact on traffic speed
∎ Design a binary classifier, which uses deep learning methods to extract the
latent incident impact features
∎ Propose DIGC-Net to effectively incorporate traffic incident, spatio-temporal,
periodic and context features for traffic speed prediction
5. 4
Introduction
Traffic speed prediction has been a challenging problem for decades
∎ Congestion control [17]
∎ Vehicle routing planning [14]
∎ Urban road planning [28]
∎ Travel time estimation [9]
There are two main challenges for incident-driven traffic speed prediction problem
∎ The impact of traffic incidents is complex and varies significantly across incidents
- It is unreasonable to treat all traffic incidents equally for traffic speed prediction,
which may even negatively impact the prediction performance
∎ The impact of traffic incidents on adjacent roads will be affected by external factors
like incident occurrence time, incident type and the road topology structure
- Need to extract the latent impact features of traffic incidents to improve
the traffic prediction
6. 5
Introduction
Propose a critical incident discovery method to quantify the impact of urban traffic
incidents on traffic flows to tackle the first challenge
∎ Consider both anomalous degree and speed variation of adjacent roads to discover the
critical traffic incidents
Propose a binary classifier which uses deep learning methods to extract the latent
impact features of incidents to tackle the second challenge
∎ Extract the latent impact features from the middle layer of the classifier, where the latent
features are continuous and filtered
8. 7
Introduction
Datasets
∎ San Francisco (SFO)
∎ New York City (NYC)
Problem Formulation and Preprocessing
∎ Reconstruction of the road network
- Use the road segment as the node, and use every flow as one node to build the road
network more specifically
- If two flows have points of intersection, add an edge to connect node and node
∎ Problem formulation
- Use to represent the speed of flow at time slot t
- For every speed snapshot of the road network, get a vector of all flows
(N is the total number of flows)
- Given the re-build road graph and a T-length historical real-time speed sequence of all flows,
task is to predict future speeds of every flow in the city where k is the prediction length
9. 8
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Congestion Incident
- M : center point of the incident
- r : the radius of the impact range
- The circle with the center M and
radius r stands for the region
affected by the incident
- Define that if the center of flows is in the circle, then
the flows might be affected by the incident
- The blue, red and green lines represent three flows which
might be affected by the incident, respectively
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
10. 9
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Congestion Incident
- Analyze each candidate flow that whether it will truly be
affected by the incident
- Use a variant of the method proposed in [41] to compute
the anomalous degree of each flow
- To compute the anomalous degree of a region is based on
its historically similar regions in the city
- The sudden drop of speed similarity of a region and its
historically similar regions indicates the occurrence of
urban anomalies
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
11. 10
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Pair-wise Similarity of Flows
- The pair-wise similarity is calculated by
: 𝑠𝜉𝑖,𝜉𝑗
[𝑡−𝑇+1:𝑡]
= 𝑃(𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡−𝑇+1:𝑡
, 𝑣𝜉𝑗
[𝑡−𝑇+1:𝑡]
)
where P is to calculate Pearson correlation coefficient
[20] of two speed sequences
- The similarity matrix S of all flows at t is calculated by
the following equation:
𝑆𝑡
=
𝑠𝜉0,𝜉0
[𝑡−𝑇+1:𝑡]
⋯ 𝑠𝜉0,𝜉𝑁−1
[𝑡−𝑇+1:𝑡]
⋮ ⋱ ⋮
𝑠𝜉𝑁−1,𝜉0
[𝑡−𝑇+1:𝑡]
⋯ 𝑠𝜉𝑁−1,𝜉𝑁−1
[𝑡−𝑇+1:𝑡]
where N is the total number of flows in the city
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
12. 11
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Similarity Decrease Matrix D
- The decreased similarity of each flow pair from time slot
t-1 to t
- D at time slot t is calculated by:
𝐷𝑡 = max(0, 𝑆𝑡−1 − 𝑠𝑡)
∎ Anomalous Degree A
- Use similarity matrix S and similarity decrease matrix D
- Use a threshold parameter 𝛿 to capture the historically similar flows
- When the similarity of two flows is greater than or equal
to 𝛿, define that they are historically similar
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
13. 12
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Anomalous Degree A
- Given a flow 𝜉𝑖 at time slot t, the historically similar flow
sets of 𝜉𝑖 is denoted as
𝐻𝜉𝑖
𝑡
= 𝜉𝑗 𝑖 ≠ 𝑗 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑆𝑖,𝑗
𝑡
= 𝑆𝑗,𝑖
𝑡
≥ 𝛿}
- Anomalous degree of flow 𝜉𝑖 at time slot t is calculated by
the following equation:
𝐴𝜉𝑖
𝑡
=
𝜉𝑗∈𝐻𝜉𝑖
𝑡 𝑆𝑖,𝑗
𝑡−1
∙ 𝐷𝑖,𝑗
𝑡
𝜉𝑗∈𝐻𝜉𝑖
𝑡 𝑆𝑖,𝑗
𝑡−1
where A is the decrease degree in speed similarity of 𝜉𝑖
and its historically similar flows
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
14. 13
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Anomalous Degree A
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
15. 14
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Local Anomalous Degree Algorithm
- It will cost a lot to compute the similarity matrix S, the
similarity decrease matrix D and the anomalous degree A
- Propose a local anomalous degree algorithm to speed up
our method based on the spectral clustering algorithm [39]
- Assume that traffic in nearby locations should be similar[32, 36, 45]
- Assume that flows in the same community and in the
spatially nearby regions will be historically similar
- Given, a graph G, perform spectral decomposition and
obtain k graph spatial features of each flow
- Use K-means [8], a common unsupervised clustering
method, to cluster flows into k classes
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
16. 15
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Local Anomalous Degree Algorithm
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
17. 16
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Validation of Local Algorithm
- Eigenvectors can effectively capture spatial graph features
- Only need to compute the local values of the similarity matrix 𝑆,
the similarity decrease matrix 𝐷 and the anomalous degree 𝐴
in the same district
- Explore the impact on traffic flows of different urban traffic incidents
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
18. 17
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Validation of Local Algorithm
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
19. 18
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Relative Speed Variation 𝑅
- Given a flow 𝜉𝑖 at time t, and the historical speed sequence
[𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡−𝑇+1
, 𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡−𝑇+2
, ⋯ , 𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡
] of 𝜉𝑖 in a T-length time window
- Define the relative speed variation of 𝜉𝑖 as follow:
𝑅𝜉𝑖
𝑡
=
𝑡′=𝑡−𝑇+1
𝑡′=𝑡
𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡′
𝑇
− 𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡
max(𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡𝑠
, 𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡𝑠+1
, ⋯ , 𝑣𝜉𝑖
𝑡𝑒
)
use 24 hours (288 intervals) as the normalization window length,
i.e., 𝑡𝑠 = 𝑡 − 144 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑒 = 𝑡 + 144, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇 = 10 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑠
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
20. 19
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Relative Speed Variation 𝑅
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
21. 20
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Validation of Relative Speed Variation
- Consider three related features:
- Slope of speed variation 𝑘 [33]
- Recent speed 𝑣𝑡−1 [2]
- Historical average speed (𝑣) [2]
corresponding to three candidate computing methods of
Relative Speed Variation 𝑅
1) 𝑅𝑘+𝑣𝑡−1+𝑣 = 𝑣 − 𝑣𝑡 × 𝑘 × 𝑝 + 𝑣𝑡−1 − 𝑣𝑡 × 𝑘𝑡−1 × 𝑞
2) 𝑅𝑣𝑡−1+𝑣 = 𝑣 − 𝑣𝑡
× 𝑝 + 𝑣𝑡−1
− 𝑣𝑡
× 𝑞
3) 𝑅𝑣 = |𝑣 − 𝑣𝑡|
where p and q set to 0.5
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
22. 21
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Incident Effect Score 𝜀
- Due to the complementarity of anomalous degree and relative
speed variation, combine both of them to compute the incident
effect score
Given a flow 𝜉𝑖 at time slot t, the incident effect score is calculated by:
𝜀𝜉𝑖
𝑡
= 𝜌 ∙ 𝐴𝜉𝑖
𝑡
+ (1 − 𝜌) ∙ 𝑅𝜉𝑖
𝑡
where 𝜌 is a parameter to control the ratio of 𝐴 and 𝑅
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
23. 22
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Critical Incidents
- For incidents like mega-events, the traffic flows might be affected
before incidents begin. On the contrary, incidents like traffic collisions
will begin to affect traffic flows after they occurred
Define the flows which are highly affected by accident as
𝜉𝑖 max(𝜀𝜉𝑖
𝑡−
𝑇
2
, 𝜀𝜉𝑖
𝑡−
𝑇
2+1
, ⋯ , 𝜀𝜉𝑖
𝑡+
𝑇
2
) ≥ 𝜃}
where 𝜃 is a threshold parameter
When | 𝜉𝑖 max 𝜀𝜉𝑖
𝑡−
𝑇
2
, 𝜀𝜉𝑖
𝑡−
𝑇
2
+1
, ⋯ , 𝜀𝜉𝑖
𝑡+
𝑇
2
≥ 𝜃 |𝐼𝑘
> 0
there is at least one flow is highly affected by the incident 𝐼𝑘, we call
𝐼𝑘 is a critical incident
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
24. 23
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
25. 24
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Spatial Learning : GCN
- Adapt graph convolutional network (GCN) to learn the spatial
topology features.
(To capture the topology features in non-Euclidean structures, which
is suitable for road networks)
∎ Temporal Learning : LSTM
- Adapt Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model as temporal learning
component
(To learn long-term dependency information of time related
sequences)
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
26. 25
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Context Learning
- Use the following features for context learning
1) Incident type
(Traffic collision and event)
2) Road status
(An incident leads to a road close or not)
3) Start and end hour
(Start time 𝑡𝑠 and an anticipative end time 𝑡𝑒 of an incident)
4) Incident duration
(The anticipative duration of an incident
5) Weekday, Saturday or Sunday
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
27. 26
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Latent incident impact features extraction
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
28. 27
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Spatio-temporal Learning
- Use the similar structure of spatial and temporal learning of binary
classifier. The output of spatio-temporal learning is 𝑌𝑠
∎ Incident Learning
- Select all incidents occurred within [t-125min, t-5min] as the incident
learning inputs (the last two hours) and use the pre-trained binary
classifier to extract (𝑌𝑐 ⊕ 𝑌
𝑔)𝐹𝐶𝑠, i.e., the latent incident impact
features of each incident
∎ Periodic Learning
- Use the same time slots in the last 5 days to learn the periodic
features. The output of periodic learning 𝑌𝑃
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
29. 28
Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network
(DIGC-Net)
Methodology
∎ Spatio-temporal Learning
- Use the similar structure of spatial and temporal learning of binary
classifier
∎ Incident Learning
- Select all incidents occurred within [t-125min, t-5min] as the incident
learning inputs (the last two hours)
∎ Periodic Learning
- Use the same time slots in the last 5 days to learn the periodic
features
Urban Critical Incident Discovery
Extract The Latent Incident
Impact Features
Incident-driven
traffic speed prediction
34. 33
Experiment
Conclusion and Discussion
∎ Propose a critical incident discovery method to identify urban crucial
incidents and their impact on traffic flows
∎ Design a binary classifier to extract the latent incident impact features for
improving traffic speed prediction
∎ Propose a Deep Incident-Aware Graph Convolutional Network (DIGC-Net)
to effectively incorporate traffic incident, spatio-temporal, periodical and
weather features for traffic speed prediction