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Decision-making
and the policy process
Dr Alberto Asquer
Rational
decision-making
Decision-making in the policy process
Rational
decision-making
Decision-making in the policy process
• Nature of the problem is known
• Set of options is known
• Effects of choices are known
• Choice criteria are well specified
Rational
decision-making
Garbage can
Decision-making in the policy process
Rational
decision-making
Garbage can
Decision-making in the policy process
Rational
decision-making
Garbage can
Decision-making in the policy process
• Various problems ‘float around’
• Various solutions ‘float around’
• Participants ‘float around’
• Decisions come out of choice opportunities
Rational
decision-making
Garbage can
Bounded
rationality
Decision-making in the policy process
• Set of options is not fully known
• Effects of choices are not fully known
• Choice criteria are ambiguous
Herbert Simon
Rational
decision-making
Garbage can
Incrementalism
Bounded
rationality
Decision-making in the policy process
• Decisions are largely based on the past
• Previous problem formulation, options
and choice criteria inform future choices
Charles Lindblom
Rational
decision-making
Garbage can
Multiple streams
framework
Incrementalism
Bounded
rationality
Decision-making in the policy process
Multiple streams framework
Problem stream
Policy stream
Politics stream
Policy
window
Policy entrepreneur
Policy
output
• Collaborative governance
‘a method of collective decision-making where public
agencies and non-state stakeholders engage each other in a
consensus-oriented deliberative process for inventing and
implementing public policies and procedures for managing
public resources’
• Collaborative advantage
When governance helps resolve policy and coordination
problems that could not be achieved by an organization or a
government department acting alone
Decisions in governance settings
Doberstein, C. (2016). Designing collaborative governance decision-making in search of a ‘collaborative advantage’. Public Management
Review, 18(6), 819-841.
The end

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Decision making in the policy process