This document summarizes the portfolio of Dr. Hugh C. DeLong, Interim Director of the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) Research Laboratory (RSL). The goals of the portfolio are to 1) study, use, mimic, or alter how biological systems accomplish tasks and 2) enable biological systems to specifically produce natural materials and systems to advance USAF technologies. The portfolio focuses on areas such as biomimetics, biomaterials, biointerfacial sciences, and extremophiles. The portfolio aims to not only mimic existing natural systems but also create new capabilities in and with organisms for more precise control over system production.
Different types of methods can be used for the preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, their advantages and disadvantages and applications of the materials in various fields are given in the presentation
PPT on "Functionalization of Nanoparticles and Nanoplatelets" by Deepak rawalDeepak Rawal
Presentation on Functionalization of nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, chemical funtionalization, funtionalization of carbon nanotubes and their applications. Introduction about graphite nanoplatelets.
Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles ranging in size from 10 to 1000 nm.
Nanoparticles are made of a macromolecular material which can be of synthetic or natural origin.
Different types of methods can be used for the preparation of Magnetic Nanoparticles, their advantages and disadvantages and applications of the materials in various fields are given in the presentation
PPT on "Functionalization of Nanoparticles and Nanoplatelets" by Deepak rawalDeepak Rawal
Presentation on Functionalization of nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, chemical funtionalization, funtionalization of carbon nanotubes and their applications. Introduction about graphite nanoplatelets.
Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles ranging in size from 10 to 1000 nm.
Nanoparticles are made of a macromolecular material which can be of synthetic or natural origin.
Surface Modification of Nanoparticles for Biomedical ApplicationsReset_co
Surface ligands on nanoparticles control their properties and interactions, which can be harnessed for biomedical imaging, cell targeting, and therapeutic applications.
Nanotechnology in cancer and its synthesisShreyaBhatt23
basic introduction to nanotechnology and the types of nanomaterials used in medical purpose. sysnthesis of nanomaterials by physical , chemical, biosynthesis, green synthesis of nanomaterials
The establishment of sensor systems has elated recompenses such as measurement in flammable and explosive atmospheres, resistance to electrical noises, trimness, geometrical suppleness, measurement of slight sample volumes, remote sensing in unreachable sites or harsh atmospheres and multi-sensing. Biosensors are logical devices composed of a recognition component of biological origin and a physico-chemical transducer. Immobilization plays a foremost character in developing the biosensor by incorporating both the above mentioned mechanisms. In this paper, the real world applications pertaining the analysis of fiber optic sensors and biosensors for environmental and clinical monitoring have been reviewed.
Introduction to nanoparticles and bionanomaterialsShreyaBhatt23
what is a nanoparticle, why small is good,nanoscale effect, how to make nanostructures,top down and bottom up approachs,
methods of making nanomaterials,chemical methods od making nanomaterial,bionanomaterials,
Faculty, Librarian, and Student Collaboration: Enhancing Science Learning wit...FiveCollegesofOhio
Brief descriptions of the digitization projects funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, illustrated in a poster presented at the American Association for the Advancement of Science Annual Meeting, February 19, 2012, Vancouver, B.C. Presenters: Alison Ricker, Oberlin College; Moriana Garcia, Denison Univ.; Aimee Jenkins, Kenyon College. Other authors: Deborah Carter Peoples, Ohio Wesleyan Univ.; Jessica Clemons, College of Wooster.
Surface Modification of Nanoparticles for Biomedical ApplicationsReset_co
Surface ligands on nanoparticles control their properties and interactions, which can be harnessed for biomedical imaging, cell targeting, and therapeutic applications.
Nanotechnology in cancer and its synthesisShreyaBhatt23
basic introduction to nanotechnology and the types of nanomaterials used in medical purpose. sysnthesis of nanomaterials by physical , chemical, biosynthesis, green synthesis of nanomaterials
The establishment of sensor systems has elated recompenses such as measurement in flammable and explosive atmospheres, resistance to electrical noises, trimness, geometrical suppleness, measurement of slight sample volumes, remote sensing in unreachable sites or harsh atmospheres and multi-sensing. Biosensors are logical devices composed of a recognition component of biological origin and a physico-chemical transducer. Immobilization plays a foremost character in developing the biosensor by incorporating both the above mentioned mechanisms. In this paper, the real world applications pertaining the analysis of fiber optic sensors and biosensors for environmental and clinical monitoring have been reviewed.
Introduction to nanoparticles and bionanomaterialsShreyaBhatt23
what is a nanoparticle, why small is good,nanoscale effect, how to make nanostructures,top down and bottom up approachs,
methods of making nanomaterials,chemical methods od making nanomaterial,bionanomaterials,
Faculty, Librarian, and Student Collaboration: Enhancing Science Learning wit...FiveCollegesofOhio
Brief descriptions of the digitization projects funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, illustrated in a poster presented at the American Association for the Advancement of Science Annual Meeting, February 19, 2012, Vancouver, B.C. Presenters: Alison Ricker, Oberlin College; Moriana Garcia, Denison Univ.; Aimee Jenkins, Kenyon College. Other authors: Deborah Carter Peoples, Ohio Wesleyan Univ.; Jessica Clemons, College of Wooster.
Dr. John D. Schmisseur presents an overview of his program, Energy, Power and Propulsion Sciences, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Jim Hwang presents an overview of his program, GHz-THz Electronics, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
rumen, microbes of the rumen, bacteria of the rumen, process in ruminant animals, gut of ruminant animals, bacterial concentrations in ruminant animals, bacterial fluctuations in ruminant animals
Los días 22 y 23 de junio de 2016 organizamos en la Fundación Ramón Areces un simposio internacional sobre 'Materiales bidimensionales: explorando los límites de la física y la ingeniería'. En colaboración con el Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), científicos de este prestigioso centro de investigación mostraron las propiedades únicas de materiales como el grafeno, de solo un átomo de espesor, y al mismo tiempo más resistente que el acero y mucho más ligero.
This is very much a work in progress! I also want to add images of the microscopic organisms (from Micro*scope) and characteristics of their respective habitats as well as video clips from 'extremophile hunters.'
This presentation describes about the syllabus of Agriculture Microbiology for B.Sc agriculture student of second semester in Tribhuvan University, Nepal. It is helpful to understand the student about the courses and guide the students to focus in the related topics.
Dr. Hugh C. DeLong presents an overview of his program, Natural Materials and Systems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Slideshow is from the University of Michigan Medical School's M1 Cells and Tissues Sequence
View additional course materials on Open.Michigan:
openmi.ch/med-M1CellsTissues
BIOINSPIRATIONS FOR OPTICS, SENSORS AND PHOTONICSRanjana Bali
Bio-inspiration is the technology which is inspired by nature. Bio-inspired research is rooted in observations of nature as a source of inspiration (Whiteside,2015). This can be applied to many areas of innovation, including the development of any material, device, technology etc. It is a strategy that suggests new areas for research beyond its potential to nucleate new ideas. Bio-inspiration has been applied in seven different fields of science and technology i.e., i) optics ii) photonics iii) sensoric iv) robotics v) materials vi) adhesives and vii) surfaces (Gorb, 2011). The insect inspiring engineering in the three concerned fields of optics, photonics and sensorics has been astounding. Insects have evolved remarkable diversity of mechanism that allows them to detect light, sound and odours. These sensors have already inspired numerous innovations in sensor technologies. Biological structures are increasingly the source of inspiration to solve complex challenges in the field of optics and photonics as well. Natural structures have inspired for wide array of innovations in optic and photonic engineering like innovation of zoom and facet vision camera inspired from insect eye. Moth eye inspired for anti-reflective film, light capturing, material after blowfly eye and light emitting diodes inspired by fireflies and much more. Likewise, insects have kept themselves no way behind in being an inspiration for engineering in sensoric science. Morpho butterflies have paved a way for remarkable innovation in the field of sensorics- Multispectral sensor. In the similar way, humidity sensor, motion sensor, ocular sensor, biomimetic sensor and flow sensor have been innovated after taking inspiration from Hercules beetle, insect compound eyes, flies ocelli, Melanophila beetle receptor and crickets, respectively. Bio-inspiration is a solidly established strategy in recent science and technology, but is not yet a central theme. Bio inspired approaches in technology development to bloom in the upcoming years with increasing number of applications in the fields beyond optical sensing. Bio-inspiration and its applications that adapt the basic dynamic of the nature to technology is a promising area within open new end. We need to draw encouragement from nature and form designs by revolutionizing our inventions to create productive potential and sustainable materials.
Dr. John D. Schmisseur presents an overview of his program, Aerothermodynamics & Turbulence, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Chiping Li presents an overview of his program, Energy Conversion and Combustion Sciences, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Mitat A. Birkan presents an overview of his program, Space Propulsion and Power, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Michael Berman presents an overview of his program, Molecular Dynamics & Theoretical Chemistry, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Patrick Bradshaw presents an overview of his program, Sensory Information Systems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Patrick Bradshaw presents an overview of his program, Human Performance and Biosystems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Joycelyn S. Harrison presents an overview of her program, Low Density Materials, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Charles Lee presents an overview of his program, Organic Materials Chemistry, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Ali Sayir presents an overview of his program, Aerospace Materials for Extreme Environments, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Harold Weinstock presents an overview of his program, Quantum Electronic Solids, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Jim Hwang presents an overview of his program, Adaptive Multimode Sensing, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Gernot S. Pomrenke presents an overview of his program, Photonics and Optoelectronics, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. B.L. "Les" Lee presents an overview of his program, Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Microsystems, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Hugh C. DeLong presents an overview of his program, Complex Materials and Devices, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Jay Myung presents an overview of his program, Computational Cognition and Robust Decision Making, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Frederica Darema presents an overview of his program, Dynamic Data Driven Applications Systems (DDDAS), at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Tristan Nguyen presents an overview of his program, Sensing, Surveillance and Navigation, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Tristen Nguyen, presents an overview of his program, Science of Information, Computation and Fusion, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Joseph Lyons, PhD presents an overview of his program, Trust and Influence, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
Dr. Kathleen M. Kaplan presents an overview of his program, Systems and Software, at the AFOSR 2013 Spring Review. At this review, Program Officers from AFOSR Technical Divisions will present briefings that highlight basic research programs beneficial to the Air Force.
More from The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (20)
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Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
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2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
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LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
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Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
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State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
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The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
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Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
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Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
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Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Enhancing Performance with Globus and the Science DMZGlobus
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Le nuove frontiere dell'AI nell'RPA con UiPath Autopilot™UiPathCommunity
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📕 Vedremo insieme alcuni esempi dell'utilizzo di Autopilot in diversi tool della Suite UiPath:
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Autopilot per Studio
Autopilot per Apps
Clipboard AI
GenAI applicata alla Document Understanding
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Andrei Tasca, RPA Solutions Team Lead @NTT Data
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
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Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
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The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
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De Long - Natural Materials, Systems and Extremophiles - Spring Review 2012
1. Natural Materials,
Systems & Extremophiles
06 03 2012
Dr. Hugh C. DeLong
Interim Director
AFOSR/RSL
Integrity Service Excellence Air Force Research Laboratory
15 February 2012 DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 1
2. 2012 AFOSR SPRING REVIEW
NAME: Dr Hugh C. DeLong
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PORTFOLIO:
The goals of this program are to: 1) study, use, mimic, or alter how
biological systems accomplish a desired (from our point of view) task, and
2) enable them to task-specifically produce natural materials and systems.
Both goals are to advance or create future USAF technologies.
LIST SUB-AREAS IN PORTFOLIO:
Biomimetics
Biomaterials
BioInterfacial Sciences
Extremophiles
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 2
3. Program Vision
• This program not only wants to mimic existing
natural systems, but also to create new
capabilities in or with these organisms for more
precise control over system production.
– Protect Human Assets - Finding and Defending against
militarily significant threats to humans
– Enhance Materials Performance - Use natural systems to
enhance or create new materials
– Enhance System Operation - Mimic nature’s ability to find,
track, and survive the enemy
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 3
4. Program Trends – Program Constant with
Additions Coming From Outside Program
• Chromophores/Bioluminescence – Bio-X STT phase 1 focus. One of
its discoveries are now used by AFRL TDs, Navy & several Univ PI’s
• Bio-camouflage – FY09 PBD 709 program: iridiphores, leucophores,
chromatophores, papillae, control system. Linked: FY11 AFRL/RX pgm
• Structural Coloration – new area, several PIs moving in and out; MURI
(Harvard)
• Biopolymers – Mainly silk but looking at other biopolymers. The silk
work is well integrated with AFRL; many exchanges of personnel &
material. Some PIs moving out with biocomposites increasing.
• Biomolecular assembly – New MURI (Northwestern), existing MURI
(Georgia Tech), rest has remained constant.
• Peptide Mediated Materials Synthesis – The efforts are focused on
discovering the nature of the mechanism behind this.
• Extremophile survival – Looking at mechanisms of protein activity
under extreme conditions with the goal to transfer good ideas into
weaker systems. Fewer PIs left that perform this type of work.
• Biocombinatorics – New BRI looking at Bio based combinatorics from
a bio-nano-info basis
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 4
5. Other Organizations That
Fund Related Work
• Chromophores – I currently have two grants plus work in AFRL. The work of
other organizations is almost exclusively on reporter technology. The interest
of the AFOSR program is on wavelength, intensity, and lifetime as it pertains to
marking items.
• Silk – DARPA has contributed to my existing program. ARO has a single
grantee. ONR funds a single investigator. NSF has several single PI grants.
• Structural Coloration/Bio-Camouflage – ONR has a MURI focused on vision
aspect. ARO has a single grant with ICB PI. NSF has just single PI grants.
• Biomolecular assembly – A number of funding organizations are interested in
this area, so the AFOSR program is focused on soft lithography, peptide
binding, and self or directed assembly for materials. AFRL program works
closely with this group for both relevance and guidance.
• Extremophiles – NASA has funded this area and focused on the origins of life.
The focus of the AFOSR program is on radiation protection mechanisms, bio-
templating, and biopolymers that can exist in extreme environments. ARO is
focused on spore formers.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 5
6. Sensory Mimics (Biomimetics)
• Study principles, processes, and designs as well as
manipulate sensors/processing systems
• Mimicking of sensor denial systems
• The Future of Sensory Mimics:
– Mimicking sensor motifs used by animal for flight
operations
– Complex autonomous materials (skin-like; sensing,
regulating, healing) (w/ L. Lee)
– Understand the complex nature of predator-prey
avoidance to hide in plain sight
• AF Relevance: Sensitivity, Self-healing, Stealthy
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 6
7. Study and Characterization of
Bio-photonic Systems, P. Vukusic, U. Exeter
Interested in studying the relationship between the interplay of hierarchical structures on
different length scales
The natural system The artificial counterpart
Concentric multilayers in the Artificial multilayer photonic fiber
epidermal cells of a plant seed with 60 - 200 layers
glass multilayer
core roll
10µm 20 µm
20 µm
500 nm
1µm
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 7
8. Precise deconstruction
of hierarchical biological structures
Complete structure
Deconstruction of a wing scale of the tropical
butterfly Papilio palinurus to analyze the optical
performance of the individual elements - ridges, a
photonic polycrystal and the supporting membrane PPC
- and to understand their optical interplay Thin Solid Membrane
Ridges + PPC
PPC
Ridge structure only
Ridges only
PPC + Ridges +
Membrane
Photonic polycrystal only
g
in
e ar
-b ge PPC
C d
20 mm PP we
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 8
9. 3D Model Physical Fabrication
Maxwell’s equations are scalable:
• Direct laser writing: resolution issues for complex structures therefore
characterise in the microwave regime.
Stereolithography allows 3D printing of complex structures:
• Resolution ~50μm
• Uses dielectrics
• Potential for metals and stretchable materials
Reflected
band
10 mm
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 9
10. Natural Materials (Biomaterials)
• Mimicking of natural materials or systems
• Using organisms as natural material factories for new materials
• Using existing natural materials/organisms as novel materials
• The Future of Natural Materials:
– Natural Materials that can withstand extreme environments
– New optical and electronic materials based on biology’s capability
to self-assemble
– New materials grown to order by a biological organism (w/ J.
Fuller)
– Used as structural materials for advanced UAV systems
• AF Relevancy: Improved performance, Shape,
Composites
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 10
11. Dynamic Silk Materials – electrogelation
and silk processing for new functional
materials David Kaplan - Tufts University
Approach:
• Mechanisms – characterization of silk proteins
under electric fields – structure, morphology,
behavior
• Protein assembly – device designs to study silk
assembly under electric fields, adhesion
• Materials characterization – use novel analytical
tools to characterize assembly
Progress:
• New insight into mechanisms – pH,
Electrogelation – morphology, improved model
mechanisms & • New high performance materials and properties
modes of materials generated from silk through the process
formation and • New silk-electronic interfaces
functions • New dynamic silk-based materials
Impact:
Objective: To understand and exploit the novel • High performance silk-based materials and
dynamic properties of silks, including under applied processes – fibers, films, coatings
electric fields and in aqueous environments, as a • New dynamic silk-based material systems
route to new functionalized materials. • New reversible adhesives
• New nano- and micro-composite materials
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 11
12. Biomimetic Processing of Silk Protein New Materials
and Devices
Theme – control of water content
Omenetto and Kaplan, Science, 2010 DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 12
13. Enzyme Entrapment in Silk
Rajesh Naik, AFRL-RX
Advantages of Enzyme Stabilization in Silk fibroin Films
Enzyme
- Large hydrophobic domains and small hydrophilic spacers
Fibroin - Crystalline domains (b-sheets) and less organized more
flexible domains (more hydrated)
- Microenvironments sufficient hydration
- Controlled released based on silk processing conditions
- Enzymes with varied molecular weights can be entrapped
Silk Fibroin
~ 45kDa mol. wt
Organophosphate Hydrolase
(OPH)
VX Nerve Agents Silk Fibroin
(OPH)
Sarin (In collaboration with David Kaplan)
OPH DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 13
14. Stability of OPH Entrapped in Silk
UVB Temp (55oC)
(302nm)
Detergent
Increased protection against UV, heat
and detergent of OPH-Silk films
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 14
15. Paper Based Microfluidics for
Organophosphates
Activity of OPH-Silk LOD = 25 mM
spotted onto paper 40
Mean Intensity
30
20
10
0
0 5 10 15 20 25
OPH is unstable on Concentra
Concentration (mM)
paper Microfludic Paper Assay
for Chem agents (mPAC)
Reference
Test Chamber
Test Chamber 2
Background
In Collaboration with Josh Hagen, AFRL/RH
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 15
16. Natural/Synthetic Interfaces
(Biointerfacial Sciences)
• Biotic-biotic or the biotic-abiotic interface.
• Bionanotechnology and biomesotechnology.
• Self-assembly, directed assembly
• The Future of Natural/Synthetic Interfaces:
– biocatalysts for electrical power systems (providing
low signature, long life ISR capability)
– sensor applications in extreme environments
– bio-optics and bio-electronics (w/ G. Pomrenke & H.
Weinstock)
• AF Relevancy: Nanofabrication – constraints on design &
production
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 16
17. Bio-Programmable 1-, 2-, & 3-D
Materials, Chad A. Mirkin,Northwestern
University
Small-molecule DNA/Peptide
Hybrid Structures Large-Scale Patterned Metamaterial Arrays
(Nguyen, Rosi, Mirkin) (Atwater, Schatz, Mirkin)
Theoretical Examination of Nanoparticle X-Ray Characterization of Materials
Assembly and Properties (Bedzyk, Rosi, Mirkin)
(Schatz, Olvera, Rosi, Mirkin)
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 17
18. Key Hypothesis of DNA-Programmed
Assembly:
In the context of DNA-programmable nanoparticle
assembly, the structures that represent
thermodynamic minima rather than kinetics will
maximize the number of nearest neighbors that can
form DNA connections.
+ DNA Linker
Anneal
Developed Five Rules of DNA-Programmed Assembly
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 18
19. Rule #1: Particles of Equal Hydrodynamic Radius
will Maximize Complementary Nearest
Neighbors
Face-Centered Cubic Lattice
Body-Centered Cubic Lattice
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 19
20. Rule #2: The overall hydrodynamic radius of a
DNA-NP dictates its assembly and
packing behavior
Body-Centered Cubic Lattice Cesium Chloride Lattice
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 20
21. Rule #2: The overall hydrodynamic radius of a
DNA-NP dictates its assembly and
packing behavior
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. All Scale Bars = 50 nm 21
22. Rule #3: Particle Hydrodynamic Size ratio and DNA
Linker Ratio Dictate the Thermodynamically
Favored Crystal Structure
Hydrodynamic Radius
DNA Linkers per NP
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 22
23. Rule #3: Particle Hydrodynamic Size ratio and DNA
Linker Ratio Dictate the Thermodynamically
Favored Crystal Structure
Hd Size Ratio: 0.64
Linker Ratio: 2.4
AlB2
Hd Size Ratio: 0.37
Linker Ratio: 2.0
Cr3Si
Hd Size Ratio: 0.35
Linker Ratio: 3.0
Cs6C60 All Scale Bars = 50 nm
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 23
24. Rule #4: Two Systems With the Same Hydrodynamic
Size Ratio and DNA Linker Ratio Exhibit the
Same Thermodynamic Product
CsCl
AlB2
Cr3Si
Cs6C60 DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 24
25. Rule #5: The Most Stable Crystal Will Maximize
All Possible Types of DNA Sequence-
Specific Hybridization Interactions
NaCl
Simple Cubic
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 25
26. DNA-Programmable Nanoparticle
Materials by Design
BCC
FCC
CsCl
AlB2
Cs6C60
Cr3Si
Simple Cubic
NaCl
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 26
27. Expanding Lattice Versatility with a 3-D
“Hollow Spacer”
BCC Simple Cubic
AlB2 Simple Hexagonal
Graphite-like Cs6C60
BCC “Lattice X”
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 27
28. Nanoparticle Valency Imposed by Flat
Surfaces Yields Ordered Superlattices
Triangular Prisms Rods (2D Rhombic Octahedra
(1D Column) Hexagonal) Dodecahedra (BCC)
(FCC)
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 28
29. Physical Mechanisms of Natural Systems
Under Environmental Distress (Extremophilies)
• Focused on discovering and understanding basic natural
mechanisms
• Increasingly used as catalysts, sensors, and as materials,
so necessary to understand how can use in extreme
environments, while incorporating change.
• The Future of Physical Mechanisms of Natural Systems
Under Environmental Distress:
– the mechanisms for survival and protein stability in
extremophilic archaea & their viruses, and enzymatic
engineering for faster catalysis in material degradation
designs.
• AF Relevancy: New catalysts, sensors, and as materials
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 29
30. Engineering Ultrastable Protein Filaments into
2D & 3D Templates for Materials Design–
Douglas Clark, UC Berkeley
From Hyperstable Filaments to Self-Assembling Ovaloids: Expanding the Dimensions of Protein Design
QUANTITATIVE IMPACT
Current protein templates and MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS: Generating highly stable
architectures for nanoscale • Charaterized γ-PFD assembly as function of T; proteins that assemble into
STATUS QUO
device fabrication are limited to discovered new filament morphology. 2D and 3D shapes of
natural molecules owing to • Designed and expressed 2D and 3D connector controllable size and
difficulties associated with proteins and demonstrated binding with γ-PFD. symmetry will increase the
generating new full-domain • Developed γ-PFD variant with greater dimensional space for
protein shapes. thermostability. template-based construction
• Engineered system for secretion of γ-PFD. of advanced biomaterials.
HOW IT WORKS:
• 3D Protein connectors are based on hub region of
the cage-like protein clathrin and the foldon from viral
protein fibritin.
NEW INSIGHTS
We have demonstrated that
• Ultrastable γ-PFD mutant rationally engineered using
END-OF-PHASE GOAL
the γ-PFD is exceptionally
stable and can be engineered structure-stability relationships but filament formation
for numerous possible of mutant must still be engineered Rational design and
applications. • γ-PFD secreted from B. subtilis for assembly of construction of modular 2D
filaments ex vivo. and 3D protein
architectures that will
ASSUMPTIONS AND LIMITATIONS: serve as lattices and
2D structure of “pinwheel” construct requires further scaffolds in protein-based
confirmation; assembly of more complex 3D structures and hybrid biomaterials.
not yet accomplished.
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 30
31. Filamentous γ-Prefoldin
(γ-PFD)
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
9 nm
200nm
γ-prefoldin (γ-PFD)
γ-PFD
monomer γ-PFD dimer γ-PFD filament
DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 31
32. Microbial factories for
controlling protein assembly
B. subtilis engineered to express γ-PFD protein parts
Rods and connectors
expressed and secreted from B.
subtilis in a controlled manner
Controlled assembly of higher-
order structures ex vivo
2-way and 3-way/filament Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
DISTRIBUTION A: assembles 32
33. Transitions
• AFRL/RX – Collaboration with GE on bio-inspired photonic sensors (CRADA)
• AFRL/RX – DTRA funding for biofunctionalized textiles for Chem-Bio (jointly with
AFRL/RH)
• AFRL/RX – Invention disclosure filed on Halamine functionalized biomaterials for decon
application
• Northwestern – Patent application “Tunable compliant optical metamaterial structures
(US 13/200,273)
• Connecticut College – Luciferase product development of patent (US Patent # 7,807,429
B2; UK, Germany EP 2 002 007 B1) license holder Targeting Systems, El Cajon, CA.
• UCSD – Invention disclosure (Dec., 2010). Cvario: A new pliable biophotonic material
with low degradation in seawater. UCSD docket# (in process). (Deheyn DD)
• UC Berkeley – γ-PFD filaments to template organic semi-conductors (Monash University,
Australia)
• UC Berkeley – γ-PFD filaments for magnetically driven protein assembly (Rice
University)
• Northwestern – Invention disclosure filed on Functionalization of Anisotropic
Nanostructures - NU 2010-094
• Northwestern – Invention disclosure filed on Short-Duplex Probes for Enhanced Target
Nucleic Acid Hybridization - NU 29147
• Northwestern – Nanoflare DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
technology licensed to Aurasense. 33