The document discusses the importance of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in acquiring and digitizing information objects, emphasizing the benefits these collaborations offer to institutions. It defines key concepts related to information, including data, information objects, and partnerships, while highlighting several examples of successful consortia in libraries and academic settings. Additionally, it addresses challenges in accessing electronic resources and the advantages of shared costs and resources among consortium members.

1. Excellent & Practical Tips for
Excellent & Practical Tips for
Acquiring Information Objects
and Maximizing Public & Private
Partnerships
Lourdes David, Director, Rizal Library,
Ateneo de Manila University, August 19,
2010

2. Scope of the paper
• As per description provided by the organizers for this
parallel session, this paper will focus on:
– Relating success stories about public‐private partnerships
in the acquisition and digitization of information.
– Enabling participants to understand realize and embark on
Enabling participants to understand, realize and embark on
acquisition’s work that brings in and uses public and
private players (PPPs).
– Enabling participants to draw conclusions as to how each
institution would benefit from public‐private partnerships.
– Guiding participants in reflecting on probable partnership
Guiding participants in reflecting on probable partnership
guidelines, technology issues, and project specifics

3. Definition: Data
Definition: Data
• “Data is a set of discrete objective facts about
Data is a set of discrete, objective facts about
events…there is no inherent meaning in data.”
(Davenport Thomas and Prusak Laurence Working
Davenport, Thomas and Prusak, Laurence. Working
Knowledge: How Organizations Manage What They
Know. (Harvard Business School Press, 2000), pp.2‐
( , ), pp
3).

4. Definition: Information
• “…[Information] is the strange, compressible
stuff that flows out of a tangible object, be it
…a book or a piano, and, after a complex
series of transformations involving the senses,
lodges in the conscious brain…Knowledge of
the world is information…”(Von Baeyer, Hans
Christian. Information: The New Language of
Science (Phoenix, 2003). pp.15, 17, and 229)

5. Definition: Information Objects
Definition: Information Objects
• An information object is an entity that
An information object is an entity that
contains the content of a message and has the
required structure and context to allow that
required structure and context to allow that
message to be decoded and
understood.(http://archivemati.ca/2007/01/2
understood (http://archivemati ca/2007/01/2
9/what‐is‐information‐anyway/)

6. Definition: Information Object
Definition: Information Object
• An information object is an entity that
An information object is an entity that
contains the content of a message and has the
required structure and context to allow that
required structure and context to allow that
message to be decoded and understood.
(http://archivemati.ca/2007/01/29/what is
(http://archivemati ca/2007/01/29/what‐is‐
information‐anyway/)

7. Definition: Message
Definition: Message
• A usually short communication transmitted by
A usually short communication transmitted by
words, signals, or other means from one
person, station, or group to another.
person station or group to another
(http://www.thefreedictionary.com/message)

8. Example of an Information Object
Example of an Information Object
• Two or more pieces of digital content such as
Two or more pieces of digital content, such as
web page (s), activities, simulations,
animations, or tutorials that illustrate a
animations or tutorials that illustrate a
principle, explain a concept, or describe a
process or procedure. Information objects can
process or procedure Information objects can
be combined to form a learning object. ...
www.oncoreblueprint.org/Blueprint/Glossary.
www oncoreblueprint org/Blueprint/Glossary
htm

9. Example of an Information Object
Example of an Information Object
• An abstraction of a real information entity (eg
An abstraction of a real information entity (eg,
CT Image, Structured Report, etc.) which is
acted upon by one or more DICOM
acted upon by one or more DICOM
Commands.
www.dabsoft.ch/dicom/1/3/
www dabsoft ch/dicom/1/3/

10. Definition: Partnership
Definition: Partnership
• a cooperative relationship between people or
a cooperative relationship between people or
groups who agree to share responsibility for
achieving some specific goal
achieving some specific goal
• Source:
http://www.google.com.ph/search?hl=en&q=
http://www google com ph/search?hl=en&q=
define%3Apartnership&btnG=Search&meta=

11. Definition: Consortium
• Consortium derives from the Latin word
consors, meaning ‘partner.’
• Consortium refers to a partnership or an
Consortium refers to a partnership or an
association of two or more entities
(individuals, companies, organizations,
(individuals, companies, organizations,
societies, agencies or governments) with the
objective of participating in a common activity
objective of participating in a common activity
for a common goal.

12. Consortium: A cooperative
arrangement among two or more
arrangement among two or more
parties a joint activity and common
purpose.
A + B = Consortium
A + B + C +… = Consortium

13. Example: Marriage
• The marital alliance between a husband and
wife and their respective right to each other s
wife and their respective right to each other's
support, cooperation, aid, and companionship
is a consortium. It is also a partnership.
is a consortium. It is also a partnership.

14. Examples of Consortia
Examples of Consortia
• Banks: Bancnet, Megalink, Expressnet
, g , p
• Universities and Colleges: Mendiola Consortium,
Davao Colleges and Universities Network (DACUN)
• Associations: Philippine Association of Academic and
Research Librarians PAAR, Academic Libraries Book
Acquisitions System Association (ALBASA)
Acquisitions System Association (ALBASA)
• Libraries: Public Library Consortium, Aurora
Boulevard Consortium

15. Library Consortium: A cooperative
arrangement among libraries for a
arrangement among libraries for a
joint activity and common purpose.
Library A Library
Lib Library B
Consortium
or more
Library C
y

16. Characteristics
• Agreement to cooperate
Agreement to cooperate
• Common Purpose
• Mutually Beneficial
ll fi i l
– Shared Resources (Collection, facilities, staff
expertise))
– Reciprocal Services (Interlibrary Loan, Document
delivery, reference, onsite use)
d li f it )
– Cooperative acquisition
– Cooperative cataloguing
l

17. Paradigm Shift: Trends in E‐Publishing
and Access
d
• Rapid growth of e‐journals and e‐books
Rapid growth of e journals and e books
• Increasing acceptance of electronic
information resources
• Increasing availability of full‐text titles and
Increasing availability of full text titles and
links to full text articles from databases
• Increasing acceptability of access instead of
ownership

18. Impact of Paradigm Shift on the
Consortium
• Information transfer is via networks such as
Information transfer is via networks such as
the Internet or intranets thereby affecting
ownership and access issues
ownership and access issues
Library Database
User?

19. Consortium Models
Consortium Models
• Only e‐resources will be shared
Only e resources will be shared
• All resources will be shared

20. Model: All resources are shared
Databases Repositories
Books
B k E-Books
EB k
Consortium
Serials E-Serials
Staff
Facilities
Expertise
E ti
Other
Multimedia
Resources

21. Major issues with e Resources
Major issues with e‐Resources
• Licensing agreements‐‐Issue—who may access the
information, how many may access the information
information how many may access the information
• Copyright‐‐transfer of knowledge to others, how
much information may be downloaded
much information may be downloaded
• Authentication and authorization—IP address access,
allows remote access using User ID and Password
ll
• Pricing models—Varies from institution to institution

22. Major issues with e Resources
Major issues with e‐Resources
• Archival access—Perpetual access to archive that has
been paid for but access to archives may be limited
been paid for but access to archives may be limited
to one PC
• Budget issues Costly More for less in total but the
Budget issues—Costly—More for less in total but the
initial and annual prices are too high for the small
library
• Measurement/statistics of use
• Small bandwidth leading to slow access
Small bandwidth leading to slow access
• Withdrawal from the consortium

23. Consortium Pricing
Consortium Pricing
• 1 Lump sum license fee—shared access and
1 Lump sum license fee shared access and
shared cost
• Individually priced with options for difference
Individually priced with options for difference
datasets and licensing—each billed
individually and licensed individually.
individually and licensed individually
• Per institution price at various levels of
commitment
i

24. Consortium Benefits
• Information Resource Sharing allows smaller
institutions to have access to resources they
otherwise cannot afford through
– interlibrary loan,
– document delivery,
– reciprocal onsite use
• Cooperative acquisitions could lead to a larger
ld l d l
common collection
• Cooperative cataloguing could save on
l ld
cataloguing time and could lead to a union
catalog
catalog

25. Benefits to the Consortium
Benefits to the Consortium
• Shared cost—win win situation
• All
Allows smaller institutions to have direct
ll i i i h di
access to resources they otherwise cannot
afford
afford
• More information could be purchased as a
consortium due to less cost for each member
consortium due to less cost for each member
• Consortium can leverage negotiation power
with service providers
p
• Consortium can extend mutual support in
areas related to e‐resources

26. Contents of Agreement
Contents of Agreement
• Mission Vision Goal Objectives Purpose
Mission, Vision, Goal, Objectives, Purpose
• Terms of Agreement
–P i i
Pricing model
d l
– Sharing of resources
– Withdrawal policies
– Terms of membership
– Other
• Responsible authority

27. Conclusion
• The Library consortium provides a cooperative
response to changes in the way information is
h i h i f i i
published and conveyed.
• Partnership in acquiring information objects
will prove beneficial to all partners in terms of
extent of access to information and costs
involved