The document outlines the advantages and disadvantages of Database Management Systems (DBMS), highlighting benefits such as data independence, redundancy control, data security, and advanced capabilities. Conversely, it also mentions drawbacks, including high costs for software and hardware, the need for skilled technical staff, and the potential for issues with improper database environments. Overall, while DBMS provides significant advantages, it requires careful consideration of the associated challenges.

1. Advantages and
Disadvantages of
DBMS
A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW

2. Advantages of
database
Data Independence
Redundancy Control
Consistency Constraints
Support Complex Data Relationships
Data Security Features
Database Backup & Recovery

3. Data
Independence
 Facility of data independence
 Data and application programs are
separate
 Change data storage without
changing application programs
 Modify programs without
reorganizing data

4. Redundancy Control
Avoids data
duplication
Same data used
at all required
places

5. Consistency Constraints
Rules for data entry
Ensures data consistency
Example: Constraints on student marks
(0-100)

6. Support
Complex Data
Relationships
 Design complex data
structures
 Logically view and access
data in different ways

7. Data Security
Features
 Protects database from
unauthorized access
 Access through usernames
and passwords
 Different access levels for
different users

8. Database
Backup &
Recovery
 Facility for backup and
recovery
 Stores an additional copy
of data
 Data recovery if original is
lost or damaged

9. Advanced
Capabilities
 Advanced access
capabilities for online
reporting
 Uses Internet for advanced
capabilities

10. Disadvantages
of database
High Cost of DBMS
Higher Hardware Cost
Appointing Technical Staff
Cost of Staff Training
Problems in Wrong Database Environment
Cost of Staff Training
Need of Data Dictionary

11. High Cost of
DBMS
 Very large and complex software
 Expensive to purchase

12. Higher
Hardware Cost
 Requires large memory
and processing power
 Needs powerful hardware

13. Appointing
Technical Staff
 Needs database
administrators and
programmers
 Requires good salaries
for technical staff

14. Cost of Staff Training
REQUIRES TRAINED USERS EXPENSIVE TRAINING IN
PROGRAMMING, DEVELOPMENT,
AND ADMINISTRATION

15. Problems in Wrong
Database
Environment
 Issues if wrong database
environment selected
 Costly changes due to requirements
 Expensive conversion and testing

16. Need of Data Dictionary
 Stores data definitions
and rules
 Ensures data adheres to
rules
 Used for data access
authorization
 Useful but expensive
tool
 Requires installation
and hardware costs

17. Conclusion
 DBMS offers significant
advantages like data
independence, security, and
advanced capabilities. However,
they also come with
disadvantages such as high
costs and the need for technical
staff and training.