The Presentation presents case studies using zeolites in the treatment of acid mine and metal contaminated waters at Coal Operations in WV, & Legacy Mine Water Discharges at Uranium, Gold and Silver Operations in NM, MT and AZ
A Review of Zeolite Based Treatment Water Systems and Thier Applicability in ...Daniel Eyde
The revisions to the Clean Water Act, ever lower NPDES water discharge standards and competition for scarce water resources have increased the need for cost-effective water treatment products and applications. Many water treatment sites are remote and lack infrastructure, others are passive or semi-passisve wetlands and bioreactors whose effluent, while meeting discharge standards, still require additional treatment for turbidity, COD, BOD and pH adjustment. The use of natural zeolites, alone or in conjunction with other treatment technologies, have had success in mitigating amD/amR discharges, as well as heavy metals, turbidity, NH4+, Al, Mn and silica in coal and hard rock mining impacted effluents. In uranium mining areas and NURE impacted waters, treatment systems initially designed more for problems like for Three Mile Island and Fukushima have been effective in capturing radionuclides in both passive and active treatment systems, most recently at the Homestake Uranium Tailings at Grants, NM. The applicability of the ion exchange and filtration capabilities of zeolites, their ability to be used in passive treatment systems and their limitations are reviewed.
Natural zeolite engineering a viable investment 23rd ind min congressDaniel Eyde
In 1986, I presented a paper at the 7th Industrial Minerals Congress in Monaco titled “Natural Zeolites – What’s the Score”. Now, 30 years later at IM 23 in Prague, we can discover how right, or wrong, I was in my assessments and predictions. I can honestly claim to be a genuine greybeard of the natural zeolite industry. I was there in 1960 when my dad discovered one of the most productive and important zeolite deposits in the world, the Bowie Chabazite deposit in Arizona. As a college student, I was at Zeolite ‘76 which was the gathering of what is now ICNA, as the producers and researchers in natural zeolites had their first conference in Tucson, Arizona, USA. My father and I were managing the Bowie deposit for Union Carbide (now UOP Honeywell) when they produced a chabazite media for the clean-up of Three Mile Island and I was CTO at St Cloud when we worked with Kurion (now Veolia), providing all the initial media and most of the following media for the treatment of the cesium-contaminated waters at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. It has been and continues to be an interesting 55 plus years of being around the natural zeolite industry. The Industrial Minerals staff has asked me to comment on the following topics
· Will research into the applications lead to profits?
· What are their benefits compared to synthetic zeolites?
· Which markets are already opening to the engineering of these minerals?
2010-2012 GROUNDWATER PLUME AND SOURCE INVESTIGATION IN CAPPED MSW LANDFILL & CHLORINATED SOLVENT DEEP VERTICAL PROFILING
Kandiyohi County Landfill, SW-79
New London, Minnesota
Additional investigative and possible corrective action measures appeared warranted to remediate volatile organic compound (VOC) contamination in the groundwater at the property lines of a municipal solid waste landfill in West Central Minnesota. This work was required by the Minnesota Pollution
Control Agency (MPCA) in 2010. The landfill owner had to
develop and implement a plan that would define the extent of the plume and establish an effective long term groundwater monitoring system.
The source area of the VOCs appeared to be a 23 acre unlined section of the landfill, called the Old Phase I Disposal Area. Preliminary corrective action discussions included total excavation and relocation of the waste material within the Old Phase I Disposal Area to a new lined space on site. Initial cost estimates ranged from 3 to 4 million dollars to complete the relocation of the waste in this area.
Video available at https://youtu.be/ELoWK4yUfr8
A Review of Zeolite Based Treatment Water Systems and Thier Applicability in ...Daniel Eyde
The revisions to the Clean Water Act, ever lower NPDES water discharge standards and competition for scarce water resources have increased the need for cost-effective water treatment products and applications. Many water treatment sites are remote and lack infrastructure, others are passive or semi-passisve wetlands and bioreactors whose effluent, while meeting discharge standards, still require additional treatment for turbidity, COD, BOD and pH adjustment. The use of natural zeolites, alone or in conjunction with other treatment technologies, have had success in mitigating amD/amR discharges, as well as heavy metals, turbidity, NH4+, Al, Mn and silica in coal and hard rock mining impacted effluents. In uranium mining areas and NURE impacted waters, treatment systems initially designed more for problems like for Three Mile Island and Fukushima have been effective in capturing radionuclides in both passive and active treatment systems, most recently at the Homestake Uranium Tailings at Grants, NM. The applicability of the ion exchange and filtration capabilities of zeolites, their ability to be used in passive treatment systems and their limitations are reviewed.
Natural zeolite engineering a viable investment 23rd ind min congressDaniel Eyde
In 1986, I presented a paper at the 7th Industrial Minerals Congress in Monaco titled “Natural Zeolites – What’s the Score”. Now, 30 years later at IM 23 in Prague, we can discover how right, or wrong, I was in my assessments and predictions. I can honestly claim to be a genuine greybeard of the natural zeolite industry. I was there in 1960 when my dad discovered one of the most productive and important zeolite deposits in the world, the Bowie Chabazite deposit in Arizona. As a college student, I was at Zeolite ‘76 which was the gathering of what is now ICNA, as the producers and researchers in natural zeolites had their first conference in Tucson, Arizona, USA. My father and I were managing the Bowie deposit for Union Carbide (now UOP Honeywell) when they produced a chabazite media for the clean-up of Three Mile Island and I was CTO at St Cloud when we worked with Kurion (now Veolia), providing all the initial media and most of the following media for the treatment of the cesium-contaminated waters at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan. It has been and continues to be an interesting 55 plus years of being around the natural zeolite industry. The Industrial Minerals staff has asked me to comment on the following topics
· Will research into the applications lead to profits?
· What are their benefits compared to synthetic zeolites?
· Which markets are already opening to the engineering of these minerals?
2010-2012 GROUNDWATER PLUME AND SOURCE INVESTIGATION IN CAPPED MSW LANDFILL & CHLORINATED SOLVENT DEEP VERTICAL PROFILING
Kandiyohi County Landfill, SW-79
New London, Minnesota
Additional investigative and possible corrective action measures appeared warranted to remediate volatile organic compound (VOC) contamination in the groundwater at the property lines of a municipal solid waste landfill in West Central Minnesota. This work was required by the Minnesota Pollution
Control Agency (MPCA) in 2010. The landfill owner had to
develop and implement a plan that would define the extent of the plume and establish an effective long term groundwater monitoring system.
The source area of the VOCs appeared to be a 23 acre unlined section of the landfill, called the Old Phase I Disposal Area. Preliminary corrective action discussions included total excavation and relocation of the waste material within the Old Phase I Disposal Area to a new lined space on site. Initial cost estimates ranged from 3 to 4 million dollars to complete the relocation of the waste in this area.
Video available at https://youtu.be/ELoWK4yUfr8
Management of landfill leachate: The legacy of European Union DirectivesRaymond Brennan
Sardinia 2015: Impact of the EU Directives on landfill leachate management: Case study Ireland. Submitted and accepted in journal of Waste Management. Article title: 'Management of landfill leachate: The legacy of European Union Directives.'
Flow-Assurance Challenges in Gas-Storage Schemes in Depleted Reservoirs
This article, written by Senior Technology Editor Dennis Denney, contains highlights of paper SPE 146239, "Flow-Assurance Challenges in Gas-Storage Schemes in Depleted Reservoirs," by Alireza Kazemi, SPE, and Bahman Tohidi, SPE, Hydrafact Ltd., and Emile Bakala Nyounary, Heriot-Watt University, prepared for the 2011 SPE Offshore Europe Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Aberdeen, 6–8 September.
Shale development in the US has been ongoing for at least the last decade, and many lessons can be learned from the US experience to help prevent air emissions and aquifer contamination in future developments around the world. Media reports and films such as "Gasland" imply that shale development is widely polluting fresh water aquifers and the atmosphere, with a wide range of estimates of contamination. This lecture examines the risk of contamination of aquifers through wellbores, either by hydrocarbon migration or hydraulic fracturing operations, and is primarily based on a comprehensive three-year study funded by the US National Science Foundation examining nearly 18,000 wells drilled in the Wattenberg Field in Colorado, plus other relevant studies. In the midst of the Wattenberg field is heavy urban and agricultural development, with over 30,000 water wells interspersed with the oil and gas wells, resulting in a natural laboratory to measure aquifer contamination. Lessons learned have universal applications with clear relationships established between well construction methods in both conventional and unconventional wells and contamination risks.
Ports-to-Plains Energy Summit
Omni Interlocken Resort
Broomfield, CO
April 7, 2011
Hydraulic fracturing has been in the news lately. Learn exactly what the process is and how it is impacting economic growth and energy security.
Heavy Oil recovery traditionally starts with depletion drive and (natural) waterdrive with very low recoveries as a result. As EOR technique, steam injection has been matured since the 1950s using CSS (cyclic steam stimulation), steam drive or steam flooding, and SAGD (steam assisted gravity drainage). The high energy cost of heating up the oil bearing formation to steam temperature and the associated high CO2 footprint make steam based technology less attractive today and many companies in the industry have been actively trying to find alternatives or improvements. As a result there are now many more energy efficient recovery technologies that can unlock heavy oil resources compared with only a decade ago. This presentation will discuss breakthrough alternatives to steam based recovery as well as incremental improvement options to steam injection techniques. The key message is the importance to consider these techniques because steam injection is costly and has a high CO2 footprint
Johan van Dorp holds an MSc in Experimental Physics from Utrecht University and joined Shell in 1981. He has served on several international assignments, mainly in petroleum and reservoir engineering roles. He recently led the extra heavy-oil research team at the Shell Technology Centre in Calgary, focusing on improved in-situ heavy-oil recovery technologies. Van Dorp also was Shell Group Principal Technical Expert in Thermal EOR and has been involved with most thermal projects in Shell throughout the world, including in California, Oman, the Netherlands, and Canada. He retired from Shell after more than 35 years in Oct 2016. Van Dorp (co-)authored 13 SPE papers on diverse subjects.
Dealumination and Na activation of natural zeolite for CO2 adsorption on biogasIJERD Editor
In this study, natural zeolites from the Philippines were modified using NaOH heat treatment and NaCl hydrothermal process. Pre-treatment using ferro-filtering and dealumination using different concentrations of HCl acid leaching were prepared prior to sodium activation. Heat treatment was performed using 5M NaOH at 80 °C for 72 hrs while 3 cycle hydrothermal process was performed using 5M NaCl at 10 psi for 1 hr. Diffraction pattern from XRD showed Heulandite (HEU) – Clinoptilolite (CLI) and Mordenite (MOR) framework for raw and acid pre-treated zeolites.
Management of landfill leachate: The legacy of European Union DirectivesRaymond Brennan
Sardinia 2015: Impact of the EU Directives on landfill leachate management: Case study Ireland. Submitted and accepted in journal of Waste Management. Article title: 'Management of landfill leachate: The legacy of European Union Directives.'
Flow-Assurance Challenges in Gas-Storage Schemes in Depleted Reservoirs
This article, written by Senior Technology Editor Dennis Denney, contains highlights of paper SPE 146239, "Flow-Assurance Challenges in Gas-Storage Schemes in Depleted Reservoirs," by Alireza Kazemi, SPE, and Bahman Tohidi, SPE, Hydrafact Ltd., and Emile Bakala Nyounary, Heriot-Watt University, prepared for the 2011 SPE Offshore Europe Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, Aberdeen, 6–8 September.
Shale development in the US has been ongoing for at least the last decade, and many lessons can be learned from the US experience to help prevent air emissions and aquifer contamination in future developments around the world. Media reports and films such as "Gasland" imply that shale development is widely polluting fresh water aquifers and the atmosphere, with a wide range of estimates of contamination. This lecture examines the risk of contamination of aquifers through wellbores, either by hydrocarbon migration or hydraulic fracturing operations, and is primarily based on a comprehensive three-year study funded by the US National Science Foundation examining nearly 18,000 wells drilled in the Wattenberg Field in Colorado, plus other relevant studies. In the midst of the Wattenberg field is heavy urban and agricultural development, with over 30,000 water wells interspersed with the oil and gas wells, resulting in a natural laboratory to measure aquifer contamination. Lessons learned have universal applications with clear relationships established between well construction methods in both conventional and unconventional wells and contamination risks.
Ports-to-Plains Energy Summit
Omni Interlocken Resort
Broomfield, CO
April 7, 2011
Hydraulic fracturing has been in the news lately. Learn exactly what the process is and how it is impacting economic growth and energy security.
Heavy Oil recovery traditionally starts with depletion drive and (natural) waterdrive with very low recoveries as a result. As EOR technique, steam injection has been matured since the 1950s using CSS (cyclic steam stimulation), steam drive or steam flooding, and SAGD (steam assisted gravity drainage). The high energy cost of heating up the oil bearing formation to steam temperature and the associated high CO2 footprint make steam based technology less attractive today and many companies in the industry have been actively trying to find alternatives or improvements. As a result there are now many more energy efficient recovery technologies that can unlock heavy oil resources compared with only a decade ago. This presentation will discuss breakthrough alternatives to steam based recovery as well as incremental improvement options to steam injection techniques. The key message is the importance to consider these techniques because steam injection is costly and has a high CO2 footprint
Johan van Dorp holds an MSc in Experimental Physics from Utrecht University and joined Shell in 1981. He has served on several international assignments, mainly in petroleum and reservoir engineering roles. He recently led the extra heavy-oil research team at the Shell Technology Centre in Calgary, focusing on improved in-situ heavy-oil recovery technologies. Van Dorp also was Shell Group Principal Technical Expert in Thermal EOR and has been involved with most thermal projects in Shell throughout the world, including in California, Oman, the Netherlands, and Canada. He retired from Shell after more than 35 years in Oct 2016. Van Dorp (co-)authored 13 SPE papers on diverse subjects.
Dealumination and Na activation of natural zeolite for CO2 adsorption on biogasIJERD Editor
In this study, natural zeolites from the Philippines were modified using NaOH heat treatment and NaCl hydrothermal process. Pre-treatment using ferro-filtering and dealumination using different concentrations of HCl acid leaching were prepared prior to sodium activation. Heat treatment was performed using 5M NaOH at 80 °C for 72 hrs while 3 cycle hydrothermal process was performed using 5M NaCl at 10 psi for 1 hr. Diffraction pattern from XRD showed Heulandite (HEU) – Clinoptilolite (CLI) and Mordenite (MOR) framework for raw and acid pre-treated zeolites.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
The core of the vision IRJES is to disseminate new knowledge and technology for the benefit of all, ranging from academic research and professional communities to industry professionals in a range of topics in computer science and engineering. It also provides a place for high-caliber researchers, practitioners and PhD students to present ongoing research and development in these areas.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)irjes
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES) is a leading international journal for publication of new ideas, the state of the art research results and fundamental advances in all aspects of Engineering and Science. IRJES is a open access, peer reviewed international journal with a primary objective to provide the academic community and industry for the submission of half of original research and applications
Preparation of zeolites by different bases with 1.5 of initial ratio Si/Al: t...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of applied chemistry and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Chemical Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Biological Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) Jarno Laitinen
AMD refers to outflow of acidic waters from mines and tailings. It impacts ecosystems eg. through acidity, oxygen depletion, metals precipitation and leaching. This slide-set presents the background forc biotic and abiotic management approaches to tackling AMD.
Environmental problems caused by improper mine tailings disposal in the Baguio district include pollution of the Lower Agno River system and its watershed and siltation of irrigation canals in the Pangasinan plains. Direct economic losses are from reduced agricultural production due to siltation of irrigation works and farmlands. To check the adverse ecological effects of improper mine tailings disposal, government regulations have been imposed on mining firms.
Several disposal schemes have been proposed, including the use of the reservoir of a multipurpose project to be sited in the watershed where the mines are located. Because of siltation problems, however, trapping the tailings in the reservoir will diminish the economic benefits that can be derived from the project.
zeolites, types, nature, synthetic, processes, Deposits and properties;Physical characteristics of some naturally occurring zeolites; molecular sieves;Adsorption and related molecular sieving; zeolite catalysts
Nichromet Extraction Gold Technology | Rodger Allen Gold Mine1510501 Alberta Ltd
Nichromet Extraction Gold Technology Less costly than the classical processes without environmental mortgage on residues. It Can be implemented as modular plant
Breaking down the best practices for the planning and operation of legacy sit...Daniel Eyde
A review of operational issues for legacy mine sites, and the use of natural zeolite ion exchange and sorbent medias as part of an effective water treatment system. Typical problems addressed are acid mine drainage, contamination by organics, heavy metals and radionuclides.
Continued growth in Australia’s thriving resources sector presents many opportunities for individuals and organisations globally.
Why you should attend:
Learn about some of Australia’s top mining and energy companies and the booming Australian resources sector
Meet the Managing Directors and CEO’s of Australian Resources and Energy companies
Understand how to make informed decisions about off-shore funding
Who should attend:
Fund Managers
Brokers
Individuals curious about opportunities in the Australian Resources sector
In this presentation, Director/Principal Consulting Engineer, Damian Connelly elaborates on issues surrounding water management in Australia, especially in terms of availability, conservation and the high cost of water. He also covers three different solutions by looking closely at key magnetite projects including Citic Pacific Magnetite Project, Karara Magnetite Project, and Southdown Magnetite Project.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Case Studies: Treatment of Acid Mine and Metal Contaminated Waters Using Zeolites
1. October 07-09, 2014 | Crowne Plaza Denver Downtown |
Denver, CO
Dan Eyde – St. Cloud Mining Company
Tiff Hilton – WOPEC
Barbara Carroll - GeoGRAFX
St Cloud Mining 1 10/2/2014
2. Zeolites are used
commercially for
several reasons:
* Unique absorption
* Ion exchange
* Molecular sieve
* Catalytic abilities
St Cloud Mining 2
Natural zeolites are hydrated aluminosilicates.
10/2/2014
3. Natural zeolites are readily available. The resources are
large, well tested and consistent in performance.
There are a number of available technologies that improve
sorbent selectivity or increase capacity for specific
contaminants.
Technology is proven in municipal and drinking water,
nuclear, and industrial water treatment applications and is
becoming more common in polishing mine effluents prior to
discharge.
St Cloud Mining 3 10/2/2014
4. St Cloud Mining 4
Project Contaminant
Three Mile Island Cesium, Strontium
Kendall Gold Mine – Hilger, MT Thallium, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co
Homestake Legacy Site - Grants, NM Uranium
Colorado Tailings, Butte, MT Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag - Pilot
Greenbriar Coal – West Virgina AMD, Mn, Al - Pilot
Rimcon – Wyoming Mitigation High Sodic waters
WRT – >100 Commercial installations Arsenic, Radium, Thorium, Uranium
Fukushima, Japan – Kurion Cesium, Strontium, Americium, Calcium
10/2/2014
5. Issues to be resolved included the following:
AMD – pH of the water can be extremely low
Manganese
Aluminum
Iron
Turbidity
TDS
St Cloud Mining 5 10/2/2014
10. Parameter Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3
pH 3.31 2.97 2.52
Dissolved Fe 2.48 9.23 617.20
Dissolved Mn 32.23 53.13 29.34
Dissolved Al 48.82 52.24 109.80
RAW WATER ANALYSIS
St Cloud Mining 10 10/2/2014
11. Parameter Raw Water After Zeolite
pH 3.31 5.71
Dissolved Fe 2.48 0.21
Dissolved Mn 32.23 8.27
Dissolved Al 48.82 0.11
Sample 1
Parameter Raw Water After Zeolite
pH 2.97 5.32
Dissolved Fe 9.23 0.22
Dissolved Mn 53.13 14.83
Dissolved Al 52.24 0.46
Sample 2
Parameter Raw Water After Zeolite
pH 2.52 4.00
Dissolved Fe 617.20 46.60
Dissolved Mn 29.34 30.01
Dissolved Al 109.80 12.05
Sample 3
St Cloud Mining 11 10/2/2014
15. Uranium Processing facility built 1958 on remote ranchland
Operated by Homestake or related entities through 1990
Presently inactive except for ongoing remediating
implemented in 1977
June 2007 NM lowered standard for uranium in groundwater
from 5000 ppb to 30 ppb matching the EPA MCL since 2000
Use RO to augment the groundwater cleanup activities. Brine
from RO put in evaporation ponds
Testing zeolite to treat low concentrations of Ur contaminated
water from Upper Chinle formation . Supernatent re-injected
at rate of 50-100 gpm. System design RIMCON, LLC.
St Cloud Mining 15 10/2/2014
19. Zeolite pilot-test area on the south side of the top of the large tailing
pile. Note extraction wells (white) and piping in foreground used to convey
collected groundwater to the RO treatment plant or to one of the evaporation
ponds for disposal. View looking northeast.
Zeolite Pilot-Test Area
St Cloud Mining 19 10/2/2014
20. Zeolite pilot-test pit on the top of the large tailing pile. The zeolite is
used to extract low-concentration uranium before being re-injected at 50
gallons per minute. Pit is lined with a 60 millimeter thick high density
polyethylene (HPDE) liner. View looking northeast.
Zeolite Pilot-Test Pit
St Cloud Mining 20 10/2/2014
21. Pilot scale system worked as designed.
Homestake committed to installing large scale
system.
Permitting and regulatory approvals received.
Full scale installation late 2014-15.
For further information on system contact:
RIMCON, LLC
Dale Shay – Principal
rimcon@midconetwork.com
10/2/2014St Cloud Mining 21
24. Kendall Mine area in intermittent operation since
1880.Present operations started in 1981 and
continued through 1995 with gold recovery
through 1997.
All components of the Closure Water Management
plan – Watershed flow augmentation,
Groundwater capture, zeolite water treatment,
discharge of treated water into the Kendall Pit in
place sine 1998
St Cloud Mining 24 10/2/2014
31. Watershed area mitigation of AMD and selected
heavy metals:
◦ Raise pH of drainage waters
◦ Reduce zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper in Alum
Gulch-Flux Canyon and Cox Gulch-3R Canyon, SE
Arizona utilizing gabion retaining wall and footer
structures combined with zeolite material
adsorption
St Cloud Mining 31 10/2/2014
33. Legacy mining activity
at the top of the
watershed produces
acid mine drainage
which is incorporated
in groundwater &
surface water
discharges (tailings,
tunneling, wall rock)
St Cloud Mining 33 10/2/2014
34. Several large removal actions
and expensive mine portal
closures implemented in the
area have had little effect on
heavy metals and AMD -
impacted loading
characteristics of several
tributaries flowing into
Sonoita Creek and Patagonia
Lake.
St Cloud Mining 34 10/2/2014
36. St Cloud Mining 36
Geologic Influences on
Water and Soil and Overall
Watershed Ecology
10/2/2014
37. Average chemical composition of mine tailings in the Harshaw Creek Watershed
(measured in ppm). From Dean (1982, p.46)
TRENCH MINE TAILINGS
pH 2.6
SO4 41,076
Fe 6,050
Cu 43
Mn 4,621
Zn 838
As 466
Pb 3,972
Cd 20
Cr 16
Se 0
Hg 5.4
Ag 25
Al 528, 725
Storm-related Surface water from Trench Mine
Tailings (mg/L)
St Cloud Mining 37 10/2/2014
39. Load estimates calculated during base-flow conditions at
Trench Camp indicate that the discharge produces
approximately 20 lbs of combined metals (Cd+Co+Cu+Ni+Pb+Zn) per month; the World’s Fair
segment produces approximately 86 lbs of combined metals (Cd+Co+Cu+Ni+Pb+Zn) per month.
St Cloud Mining 39 10/2/2014
40. A series of gabion retainer
wall structures and stream-
bed footers with integrated
zeolite materials will be
installed in favorable areas
downstream of perennial
spring discharge points
which are the sources of
loading in the streams .
St Cloud Mining 40 10/2/2014
41. Continue monitoring water
quality inflow and outflow,
soil chemistry and aqueous
invertebrate community
health upstream and
downstream of the
implementation for overall
effectiveness and
continuity.
St Cloud Mining 41 10/2/2014
42. Daniel T. Eyde
St. Cloud Mining
520-744-8845
deyde@stcloudmining.com
St Cloud Mining 42 10/2/2014