Dalit literature emerged in the 1920s alongside the Mahar movement led by Ambedkar, focusing on the experiences of oppressed Dalit communities. It uses raw emotions and atypical figures of speech to challenge existing literary conventions. Dalit writers write for catharsis, to discover their identity, and build solidarity. Their works reflect the mental anguish of living under oppression but being unable to retaliate. Non-Dalit writers also contribute through empathy and acceptance, taking a step closer to a unified society.
Here is my presentation as a part of my Academic activities of Sem-1 M.A . Submitted to Pro.Dr. Dilip Barad ,Department of English MK Bhavnagar University.
its a classic poem by T.S.Eliot. The poem has a spiritual tone and hints at the birth of the holy Jesus. The group of Magi is on their journey to find out the birth of Jesus by following the bright star in the sky. The find many hardships but finally they reach their destination.
Here is my presentation as a part of my Academic activities of Sem-1 M.A . Submitted to Pro.Dr. Dilip Barad ,Department of English MK Bhavnagar University.
its a classic poem by T.S.Eliot. The poem has a spiritual tone and hints at the birth of the holy Jesus. The group of Magi is on their journey to find out the birth of Jesus by following the bright star in the sky. The find many hardships but finally they reach their destination.
Cleanth Brooks - The Language of ParadoxDilip Barad
This presentation is based on Cleanth Brooks's essay "The Language of Paradox,", wherein Cleanth Brooks emphasizes how the language of poetry is different from that of the sciences, claiming that he is interested in our seeing that the paradoxes spring from the very nature of the poet's language: “it is a language in which the connotations play as great a part as the denotations. And I do not mean that the connotations are important as supplying some sort of frill or trimming, something external to the real matter in hand. I mean that the poet does not use a notation at all--as a scientist may properly be said to do so. The poet, within limits, has to make up his language as he goes.”
Mahasweta Devi - Draupadi & Gangor (Choli ke Peeche)kwaller42
Mahasweta Devi is a famous Indian novelist and short story writer, whose ideas inspired people all over the nation. Her two most renowned short stories are 'Draupadi' which draws its inspiration from a character of the same name in the Mahabharata and 'Gangor' which was adapted to the screen and won international acclaim. Her stories are very much relevant to the feminist perspective. This PowerPoint aims to shed light on the effect these stories by Mahasweta Devi have on the ideas ingrained in society as a whole.
Cleanth Brooks - The Language of ParadoxDilip Barad
This presentation is based on Cleanth Brooks's essay "The Language of Paradox,", wherein Cleanth Brooks emphasizes how the language of poetry is different from that of the sciences, claiming that he is interested in our seeing that the paradoxes spring from the very nature of the poet's language: “it is a language in which the connotations play as great a part as the denotations. And I do not mean that the connotations are important as supplying some sort of frill or trimming, something external to the real matter in hand. I mean that the poet does not use a notation at all--as a scientist may properly be said to do so. The poet, within limits, has to make up his language as he goes.”
Mahasweta Devi - Draupadi & Gangor (Choli ke Peeche)kwaller42
Mahasweta Devi is a famous Indian novelist and short story writer, whose ideas inspired people all over the nation. Her two most renowned short stories are 'Draupadi' which draws its inspiration from a character of the same name in the Mahabharata and 'Gangor' which was adapted to the screen and won international acclaim. Her stories are very much relevant to the feminist perspective. This PowerPoint aims to shed light on the effect these stories by Mahasweta Devi have on the ideas ingrained in society as a whole.
Paper 202- Indian English Literature – Post-Independence Dhruvita1
Ilavenil Meena Kandasamy is an Indian poet, fiction writer, translator and activist from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Meena published two collections of poetry, Touch and Ms. Militancy (2010). From 2001-2002, she edited The Dalit, a bi-monthly alternative English magazine of the Dalit Media Network.
FILLING THE INTERNAL EMPTY SPACES: SOME INDIAN WOMEN POETS WRITING IN ENGLISHRam Krishna Singh
Text of Professor R.K. Singh’s Plenary session talk on 31 January 2014 at the National Seminar on “Indian English Poetry by Women Poets since 1980s” organized by the Department of Humanities & Social Sciences, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad (Jharkhand) from 30-31 January, 2014.
The Intersection of 'Caste and Gender' in Meena Kandasamy's Selected Poems nHetalPathak10
This PPT is based on MA Semester 3 presentation on Indian English Literature ( Post - Independence era) , presented at the Department of English, MKBU. The topic of this presentation is The Intersection of 'Caste and Gender' in Meena Kandasamy's Selected Poems
Modus Operandi of Empowering Women in Some Selected Novels of Anita Desaiijtsrd
Because of the rigid rules and regulations of the patriarchal society we have to empower women for the development of the society itself. In the Vedic Ages women were highly respected in Indian society. “Sahadharmini†which means equal partner was used in that period. Women enjoyed respect, equality, education, and reverence at that time. It was in the age of Sutras and Epics i.e. in 500 B.C. to A.D.500 that the status of women changed considerably. Their position within the society was deteriorated day by day. Manu said that a woman has to be dependent before marriage on her parents and after marriage on her husband. Throughout their life they have to maintain their role as an obedient daughter, as a devoted wife, and as a caring mother. They became the subordinate and silence second sex under the strong clutches of the patriarchal society. The feminist of India consider him as a misogynist. However since independence, the role and status of women have been gradually changed. Through different type of feministic movement which is the outburst of centuries of struggle for women's rights, women become successful to snatch a respectable position for them within the society. Being a woman, the Indian novelists of the contemporary literature raised their voices against the suppressed cultures and traditions of the society where women are considered as inferior to men, through their writings. In this particular paper, the contemporary Indian novelist Anita Desai's two novels ‘Cry, the Peacock' and ‘Clear Light of Day' have been taken up for a brief discussion to understand the status of women in Indian society. Dolan Ghosh | Dr. Anita Singh "Modus Operandi of Empowering Women in Some Selected Novels of Anita Desai" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd46370.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/english/46370/modus-operandi-of-empowering-women-in-some-selected-novels-of-anita-desai/dolan-ghosh
In this presentation, I explored the theme of feminism in Kamala Das's poem. I delved into how the poet addresses gender equality, women's empowerment, and societal expectations. Together, we uncovered the essence of feminism embedded in Das's evocative verses. Thank you for joining me on this exploration of such a powerful theme.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
India, the ancient land known as the torchbearer of peace, spirituality and humanism became
testimony to one of the ghastliest and flabbergasting acts ever committed in the history of
mankind. Her own offspring who had lived as a single unit were suddenly bifurcated on
communal lines due to political vendetta. Many authors have incorporated the trauma and
sufferings during the partition. Khushwant Singh and Bapsi Sidhwa are distinguished
signatures in the arena of English literature who have published novels based on the theme of
partition. They have portrayed the traumatic picture of that time making us to feel the pain of
humanity. Thus the present paper focuses upon the literature of partition with special
reference to the trauma in the writings of Khushwant Singh and Bapsi Sidhwa.
India drank the sweet nectar of freedom from the foreign yoke of British Raj but with a heavy
price. The ancient land whose civilisation had stood against the test of time was bifurcated
into two parts- India and Pakistan. The biggest exodus of people ever in the history of
humankind took place from one part to another. A state of religious frenzy and bigotry spread
in the entire Indian subcontinent. People became worse than beasts ever ready to slaughter
fellow beings in the name of religion. The single most affected victim was humanity which
was torn into pieces by its own children. All hell broke loose when people in both nations
were killed just due to their religious affiliations. A plethora of literature is produced on this
subject particularly from the authors of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The trauma and
agony experienced by people has found its voice in the literature of partition by many notable
and distinguished authors. Poet Faiz Ahmad Faiz lamented, „This stain covered daybreak,
this night bitten dawn. This dawn is not that dawn we craved for‘. Muslims migrated to
Pakistan and Hindus to India leaving back their ancestral homes, tradition and culture to
become refugees in a distant land just in the name of fanaticism. Bigotry spew its venom
particularly on women who were assaulted, sexually abused and tortured if they were found
to be of different religion.
The tragedy of partition has given way to literature in almost all languages of the Indian sub-
continent particularly Hindi, English, Urdu, Bengali and other vernacular languages. A
common element in all these pieces of literature is pathos. It is different from historical
account as it embodies the human suffering and pain due to partition. Authors such as
Krishna Chander, Rajinder Singh Bedi, Amrita Pritam, Saddat Hasan Manto, K.S. Duggal,
Nanak Singh and others have revolved their prose on the subject of partition. Khushwant
Singh‟s ‗ Train to Pakistan „, Bapsi Sidhwa‟s ‗Ice Candy Man‘ and ‗Bride‘, Salman
Rushdie‟s ‗Midnight‘s Children‘, K.A. Abbas‟ ‗Inquilab‘ in English, Bhishma Sahani‟s
„Tamas‘ and Yashpal‟s „Jhoota Sach‘ in Hindi.
Almost everyone is doing well..
Confessional Manner in the Poetry of Kamala Das and Sylvia Plathijtsrd
Confessional poetry is a part of modern poetry. There is no place either for religion or morals in this poetry. The poet does not expect any redemption or retribution as there is no anguish. It is just, that they bare their soul to get a psychic relief. It is of some therapeutic value. The confessional poems are intensely personal, highly subjective. There is no ‘persona’ in the poems. ‘I’ in the poem is the poet and nobody else. The themes are nudely embarrassing and focus too exclusively upon the pain, anguish and ugliness of life at the cost of its pleasure and beauty. Md Sadruzzama Sadar | Prof. Dr. Vijoy Mishra "Confessional Manner in the Poetry of Kamala Das and Sylvia Plath" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-1 , February 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd52707.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/english/52707/confessional-manner-in-the-poetry-of-kamala-das-and-sylvia-plath/md-sadruzzama-sadar
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
3. Emergence closely related with the Mahar movement which was prominently
directed by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar in the 1920s
‘Dalit Literature’ term coined in 1958 at the first conference of Maharashtra
Dalit Sahitya Sangha (Maharashtra Dalit Literature Society)
Springs from Marathi, later appears in other languages like Hindi, Telugu,
Tamil.
Late 1960s, see an increase in publication in renowned journals and
newsapers
Boosted by the development of ‘Dalit Panthers’ by Namdeo Dhasal and Raja
Dhale in 1972; marked as the true beginning of the Dalit Sahitya Movement.
4. Intense and raw emotions of agony and protest
Challenging existing literary expressions and aesthetics which
fail to capture the reality of the oppressed
Use of atypical figures of speech and imagery could, at times,
be crude and violent
Expression of the community more than an individual
expression
6. “The genuineness of the experiences of an untouchable struggling for a peaceful
existence, mentally tormented but incapable of retaliation in word and deed
have attracted the readers to the book.” – Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature
on Baluta
“Pawar’s writing’s reflects his active participation in the social, cultural and
literary movements on the national level...His work was highly effective. He
received some amount of recognition by way of awards. But due to oppressive
circumstances, he suffered mentally and physically in his personal life. It is this
perennial suffering that comes through sharply in his writings.” – Wikipedia on
Dagdu Maruti Pawar
“The true question was of identity in a caste-ridden society.” – Yogesh Maitreya
in his article, ‘Daya Pawar: How an icon of Dalit literature fought against the
exile of caste, and won’
7. “I believe that I discovered my true identity at the taluka school. I realised that the
flaw was not in me but in my stars; I knew now that my only way out of the prison
of the village was to study. That I might be able to do better than the sons of the
Brahmins and Baniyas became apparent. I was better than other boys in my class
at hu tu tu or kabaddi. I would break through the ring of boys, slipping like a fish
through a net. ‘He must be smearing himself with pig fat,’ the boys would say”.
- Baluta
(originally written in Marathi)
8. The hand was crushed under a stone, yet no outcry was heard
How many generations of imprisonment? Who created this prison?
– From Kondvada
(originally written in Marathi)
“I have seen this tree tremble in pain
Albeit the tree has deep roots like the Bodhi tree
The Bodhi tree at least bore flowers
This tree though is withered in all seasons
Pain trying to burst through its very pore
Leaves withered like those of a leper’s fingers
What is this disease? Crutches hung on every branch
Death does not befall and so bearing the pains of death
I have seen this tree tremble in pain”
- From Jhad
(originally written in Marathi)
Synecdoche for a Dalit
Chremamorphism
Bodhi tree is a symbol
used of significance both
in Buddhism and
Hinduism.
9. “She does not describe events only in terms of the impact they had on her later
life, but writes of the experiences she had as moments of oppression that
composed her daily lived reality. In the book, one sees Bama’s quest to
understand and present how her multiple identities as Dalit, Christian and woman
have impacted her oppression.” - Amala Dasarathi in her article, “‘Karukku’:
An Autobiography By Bama Exploring Her Tamil, Dalit And Christian
Identity”
“In an interview, Bama has said that she writes because she considers it her duty
and responsibility to share the experiences of her people. In addition, she also
finds the act of writing cathartic and liberating” – Wikipedia on Bama
That book was written as a means of healing my inward wounds; I had no other
motive. – Bama
10. “Annan told me all these things. And he added, “Because we are born into this
community, we are never given any honour or dignity or respect; we are stripped of
all that. But if we study and make progress, we can throw away these indignities. So
study with care, learn all you can. If you are always ahead in your lesson, people
will come to you of their own accord and attach themselves to you. Work hard and
learn.” The words that Annan spoke to me that day made a very deep impression on
me. And I studied hard, with all my breath and being, in a frenzy almost. As Annan
had urged, I stood first in my class. And because of that, many people became my
friends.”
- Karukku
(originally written in Tamil)
“Oppression, ruled and still being ruled by patriarchy, government, caste and
religion, Dalit women are forced to break all the strictures of the society in order to
live”
-(Preface, Sangati)
12. Once you are used to it
You never afterwards
Feel anything;
Your blood nevermore
congeals
Nor flows
For wet mud has been slapped all
Over your bones.
Once you are used to it
Even the sorrow
That visits you
Sometimes, in dreams,
Melts away, embarrassed.
Habit isn’t used to breaking out
In feelings
(Written originally in Marathi)
13.
14.
15. CONCLUSION
“Oppression, we can say, overshadows expression.”
– Apeksha Duhan
Writing with intentions of catharsis, search of identity and producing
relatedness.
Empathy and Acceptance – A step closer to a unified society