2. • M.A. Sem -02
• Paper no: 110 History of English literature from 1900 to 2000
• Roll no: 09
• Enrollment no:4069206420210032
• Email id- hinabasarvaiya1711@gmail.com
• Submitted by: S.B. Gardi Department of English MKBU.
3. Introduction:
• The world was in the midst of the its first Total war. Disgust,
Disillusionment, disinterest this was the attitude of the generation which was
sufffering the agonies of the chaotic universe.
• Man began losing faith in everything, ethical values, society structure, and
the dignity of man became meaningless.
• A word first whispered in a small cabaret in Zurich, then murdered in
Newyork and Berlin and finally shouted in Paris. That word was “DADA”.
4. Meaning of The Dadaism:-
According to Cambridge Dictionary:
A movement (a new style or set of principles) in art, literature,
music, and film development in the early 20th century that went
against accepted ideas of what is beautiful or good art and used
humour and the absurd (things considered silly or that make no
sense) as a way to protest against society.
5. • The word becames the symbolic representative of a movement whose
ultimate goal was its own destruction, a movement which represented not a
new school, but the repudiation of all schools.
• A movement which was not a movement at all but a protest, a state of mind,
a gesture of the Soul.
• Dadaism began in 1915 and died in 1924 with a play by its most ardent
advocator, Tristan Tzara, entitled DADA in The Open Air.
6. • The beliefs of the Dadaism are important to the contemporary scene in art,
literature, and theatre because they are subtley parallel to elements in these
fields today. It is beliefs into three basic ideas: Spontaneity, negation,
absurdity.
• The three categories overlap a great deal for they are actually all a part of one
thought.
• One of the essential preoccupations of dadaism is the indictment of
literature.
7. • The Dadaism believe that even the best literature created so far is an
imitation, even the best writers are dependent on others for their work.
• Tzara believes that Literature is never beautiful, beauty is dead. Literature is
not important either, of effects no one but the writer. It is or should be a
private affair between the writers and himself.
• Dada was born of a need for independence and a distrust toward unity.
• Aragon and Breton had been experimenting with methods of psycho-
analysis during the birth and growth of Dadaism.
8. • They can onlybe known, however, through spontaneous activity.
• Spontaneity was display by the Dadaism in the outward from of their
manifesto.
• There was au attempt made to destroy the usual effect of language and give
it a more certain effect of dissolving throught.
• The Dadaists developed the plasticity of the word to a point where it became
a “magical complex of images”.
9. Two Theories of Spontaneity:-
• Simultaneity
• Bruitism
• Simultaneity is an abstract concept refering to the occurence of different
events at the same time. To one who possesses this sensitivity, life appears as
a simultaneous muddle of noises, colors and rhythms.
• Bruitism manifests a recognition of the diversity of existence. It consists of
noise, music with imitative effects.
10. • The negative attitude of Dadaism is intended to show the luck of real value,
everything is given an illusory importance.
• A true Dadaist, according to Tzara, proposes only two solutions:
. “No more looks!
No more Words!
Stop looking
Stop talking.”
11. • Dadaist to see absurdity in life. Everything is paradoxical, everything is in
oppositing harmony. In Tzara Dada Manifesto 1918 this technique makes
every statement abused.
“ I write menifesto and I want nothing, yet I say certain thing and in
principle I am against manifesoes, as I am against principles...”
According to Hugo Bell,
“Dadaism was a synthesis of the romantic dandyistic and daemonic
theories of the nineteenth century”.
12. Focus on Poetry:-
• Tzara’s 1920 manifesto proposed cutting word from a newspaper and
randomly selecting fragments to write poetry
• In literary arts dadaism focused on poetry, particularly the so called sound
poetry invented by Hugo-Ball.
• Dadaist poems attacked traditional conceptions of poetry, including
structure, order, as well as the interplay of sound and the meaning of
language.
13. • Dadaism did not take a negative view of modernity and the urbern life.
• The chaotic urban and futuristic world is considered natural terrian that
opens up new ideas for life and art.
14. Conclusion:-
“Dada is like your hopes: nothing,
Like your paradise: nothing,
Like your idols: nothing,
Like your heroes: nothing,
Like your religious: nothing. -According to Francis picabia.
What does this word meaning? Nothing. Dada movement also born of a need for independence
and a distrust toward unity.
Thank you
15. References:-
• Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Dada". Encyclopedia Britannica,
30 Aug. 2019, https://www.britannica.com/art/Dada. Accessed 15 April
2022.
• https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/dadaism
• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dada
• Kristiansen, Donna M. “What Is Dada?” Educational Theatre Journal, vol.
20, no. 3, 1968, pp. 457–62, https://doi.org/10.2307/3205188. Accessed 14
Apr. 2022.
