The document discusses consumer behavior and advertising strategies used by companies. It explains that consumer behavior research attempts to understand how and why people make purchasing decisions. Companies use advertising to influence consumer attitudes and persuade people to buy their products. The document provides examples of advertising budgets for companies like Microsoft, Coca-Cola, and Starbucks. It also outlines strategies used by companies like Cadbury and Bournvita to target different consumer groups and understand their motivations. Qualitative and quantitative research methods are discussed for studying consumer behavior.