The document discusses trends in strategic management, including the rise of new economy concepts in the 1990s, major themes in business strategy like cost cutting and outsourcing, and forces shaping company strategies in the early 2000s like advances in technology and demands from society. It also covers emerging organizational forms like process-based organizations, project-based organizations, and network organizations. Key leadership competencies needed for the future are discussed, like creativity, flexibility, and vision. Complexity theory and its implications for management, like emergence and agent-based search, are summarized.

6. The Need to Redesign Organizations THE PAST THE FUTURE Emphasis on control Emphasis on co-ordination Decisions located centrally Decisions located where relevant knowledge exists Simple structures, unified line of command Multidimensional structures Diffused authority, but clear responsibilities Single performance goal Multiple performance goals Organization by design Self organization

7. Emerging Organizational Forms Process-based Organizing around business processes organizations Organizing around corporate processes - entrepreneurial process - competence building process - renewal process From unitary to parallel Separate coordination structures for structures different processes. E.g. 3M’s product development structure; separate structures for TQM and change management Project-based organization E.g. engineering cos., consulting firms, also manufacturing cos. e.g. Oticon Network and virtual E.g. electronics in Silicon Valley, clothing organization and packaging equipment in Italy Organizing for capability Shifting emphasis of organization development design from control to coordination