CTAWWA Health & Safety Training
•Download as PPT, PDF•
3 likes•828 views
This four hour course provides general health and safety training for water treatment plant operators. Special emphasis is focused on management of change as it applies to the Hazard Communication Standard.
More Related Content
What's hot
Similar to CTAWWA Health & Safety Training
Similar to CTAWWA Health & Safety Training (20)
More from David Horowitz
More from David Horowitz (20)
Recently uploaded
Recently uploaded (20)
CTAWWA Health & Safety Training
- 1. Spring 1501 - Health and Safety at Water Treatment Facilities January 29, 2015 David P. Horowitz, P.E., CSP (@dphorowitz) Peter J. Grabowski, P.E.
- 3. ■ Health & Safety – OSHA Top 10 ■ Globally Harmonized System – Changes – Implementation Dates ■ General Water Treatment Plant Hazards ■ Safe Chemical Handling – Typical treatment plant chemistries – Initial response activities – Tanks ■ Chemical Feed System Design – Tips for success
- 4. Safety Takeaways ■ Watch for common issues! ■ Watch your staff & contractors ■ Management of change – Safety Data Sheets
- 5. ■ The most frequent injuries in water treatment facilities are: a. Cuts and bruises b. Explosive and toxic gases c. Slips and falls d. Strains and Sprains e. None of the above
- 6. I’m from OSHA. I’m here to help. I’m from OSHA. I’m here to help.
- 8. #10 Electrical – Systems Design ■ Electrical design ■ Arc Flash (NFPA 70E) System specific evaluations ■ Proposed equipment ■ Existing equipment ■ PPE
- 9. #9 Machine Guarding ■ Engineered or structural fixes ■ Job Hazard Analysis (JHAs)
- 10. #8 Electrical - Wiring ■ Permanent ■ Temporary
- 11. #7 Ladders - CONSTRUCTION ■ Design considerations ■ Milestone Observation
- 12. OSHA Video - Ladders
- 13. #6 Lockout / Tagout ■ System specific evaluation ■ Comprehensive energy source understanding
- 14. #5 Powered Industrial Trucks ■ PIVs ■ Hoisting requirements
- 15. #4 Respiratory Protection ■ Engineer out, if possible ■ Written Plan ■ Baseline physical ■ Medical surveillance ■ Fit testing
- 16. #3 Scaffolding - CONSTRUCTIO N ■ Design considerations ■ Milestone Observation
- 17. #2 Hazard Communication ■ Globally Harmonized System ■ Risk Management Planning – Chlorine Gas = >2,500 Lbs
- 18. #1 Fall Protection - CONSTRUCTION ■ Design considerations ■ Milestone Observation
- 20. ■ The most frequent safety hazard from the use of polymers is: A. Attack on many types of stainless steel B. Cause of severe burns and blindness C. Evolution of a toxic gas D. Extreme slipping hazard when spilled on surfaces E. The boss scrutinizing chemical costs
- 21. Global Harmonized System Major Changes ■ Training and implementation ■ Hazard classification ■ Labels and warnings ■ Standard Safety Data Sheets
- 22. OSHA Video - GHS
- 25. ■ The goal of GHS ■ Label elements and GHS pictograms ■ Labeling components ■ Possible sources of confusion
- 26. What’s wrong with HAZCOM Too many systems Too many systems Too confusingToo confusing Too time consuming Too time consuming Too nationally focused Too nationally focused
- 27. What’s wrong with HAZCOM? Lots
- 33. Sometimes the Signs Are Obvious
- 34. Sometimes They Can Be Subject to Interpretation
- 35. Or need an interpreter
- 36. Or worse
- 38. Protect yourself
- 39. Protect others
- 40. Major Changes The Basics ■ Hazard classification ■ Labels and warnings ■ Standard Safety Data Sheets ■ Training and implementation
- 41. GHS is the law Turning a performance- based standard Into prescriptive requirements www.chinasmack.com
- 42. Effective Completion Date Requirement(s) Who December 1, 2013 Training •New Label Elements •Safety Data Sheets Employers June 1, 2015 Manufacturer full compliance HAZCOM plans updated Chemical Manufacturers Employers December 1, 2015 Distribution Prohibitions for non GHS labels Chemical Manufacturers, Importers and Distributors June 1, 2016 Updates to program and training based on new hazard classifications Employers
- 43. Physical Hazard Health Hazard
- 44. HAZARD TYPES ■ Physical – Unstable Chemicals (Water Reactive) – Flammables or Combustibles – Explosives – Stored at High Pressures – Thermal Effects ■ Health – Acute – Chronic – Latency Period
- 45. PHYSICAL HAZARDS ■ May Cause Injury by Physical Action ■ Burns: Flammables, Combustibles ■ Pressure: Compressed Gasses ■ Explosions: Explosives, Reactives
- 48. EXAMPLES: PHYSICAL HAZARDS ■ Flammable ■ Explosive ■ Oxidizer ■ Pyrophoric ■ Unstable (Reactive) ■ Water Reactive
- 49. EXPLOSIVE ■ Sudden Release Of: – Pressure – Gas – Heat ■ When Exposed To: – Sudden Shock – Pressure – High Temperature ■ BLEVE: Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion
- 50. OXIDIZER ■ Reacts With Organic Material ■ Releases Oxygen ■ Promotes Combustion Sodium Hypochlorite Peracetic Acid Oxygen
- 51. UNSTABLE (REACTIVE) ■ Unwanted Chemical Change During Normal Handling ■ May Generate – Heat – Pressure – Polymerization ■ Can Create – Fires – Explosions
- 52. WATER REACTIVE ■ Presence of Water ■ Forms a Gas That Is: – Flammable or – Toxic
- 54. Possibility for Confusion? Flashpoint 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 NFPA / OSHA Flammable Combustible NFPA 704 Diamond 4 3 2 EPA / DOT Flammable Combustible GHS 1 or 2 3 4 Signal Word Danger Danger Warning Hazard Statement Extremely flammable liquid and vapor Highly flammable liquid and vapor Flammable liquid and vapor Combustible liquid Pictogram Nothing
- 55. Possibility for Confusion? NFPA Video - Confusion
- 56. Compressed Gasses ■ Injurious due to pressure Ethylene Oxide Oxygen
- 57. HEALTH HAZARDS ■ Acute – Immediate Effects ■ Chronic – Effects May Build Over Time – May Be Latency Before Recognized Effects ■ Latency Period – Period Between Exposure and Exposure Effects
- 58. OSHA Video - PELs
- 61. ACUTE EXPOSURE / EFFECTS ■ Example: Acids ■ Body Recognizes on Immediate Exposure ■ Can Get Prompt Medical Attention
- 62. CORROSIVE ■ A Hazardous Material That Causes Visible Destruction Of, or Irreversible Alteration in Living Tissue at the Site of Contact Sodium Hypochlorite Sodium Hypochlorite Peracetic AcidPeracetic Acid
- 63. Acutely Toxic – Low Hazard ■ Acutely – Effects are “immediate” ■ Toxic – Chemical that causes harmful effects – To target organ(s) – Effects are different depending on target organ ■ May be Systemic – Affects almost all target organs
- 64. Acutely Toxic – Low Hazard Isopropyl alcohol Isopropyl alcohol DacarbazineDacarbazine GlutaraldehydeGlutaraldehyde AcetoneAcetone
- 65. Acutely Toxic - Irritant ■ A Hazardous Material That Causes a Reversible Inflammatory Effect on Living Tissue by Chemical Action at the Site of Contact Isopropyl alcohol
- 66. Acutely Toxic – Sensitizer ■ A Hazardous Material That Causes a Percentage of the Exposed Group to Develop an Allergic Reaction After Repeated Exposure Methyl methacrylate
- 67. Acutely Toxic – High Hazard ■ Acutely – Effects are “immediate” ■ Toxic – Chemical that causes harmful effects – To target organ(s) – Effects are different depending on target organ ■ High Hazards – Effects are significant – May be immediately life threatening Ammonia
- 68. Chronic Toxic Effects ■ Examples – Carcinogens – Teratogens – Reproductive toxins ■ Health effects – Vary with chemical – Affect target organ – May not show up for years after overexposure Dacarbazine Glutaraldehyde
- 70. Label Elements ■ Sodium hypochlorite
- 71. Label Elements
- 72. Label Elements
- 74. How to really confuse people Turn thisTurn this Into thisInto this
- 75. Safety Data Sheets ■ Prescriptive requirements ■ Sections must be consistent ■ Information dictated by GHS guidance
- 77. SDS Sections ■ Section 1, Identification ■ Section 2, Hazard(s) ■ Section 3, Composition/information ■ Section 4, First-aid measures ■ Section 5, Fire-fighting measures ■ Section 6, Accidental release measures ■ Section 7, Handling and storage ■ Section 8, Exposure controls/personal protection ■ Section 9, Physical and chemical properties ■ Section 10, Stability and reactivity ■ Section 11, Toxicological information ■ Section 12, Ecological information ■ Section 13, Disposal considerations ■ Section 14, Transport information ■ Section 15, Regulatory information ■ Section 16, Other information, includes the date of preparation or last revision.
- 78. What hasn’t changed ■ Exclusions and exemptions ■ Elements of the HAZCOM program ■ Training requirements ■ Secondary container labeling ■ Temporary container exclusion ■ Special labeling systems – NFPA 704 – HMIS
- 79. Effective Completion Date Requirement(s) Who December 1, 2013 Training •New Label Elements •Safety Data Sheets Employers June 1, 2015 Manufacturer full compliance HAZCOM plans updated Chemical Manufacturers Employers December 1, 2015 Distribution Prohibitions for non GHS labels Chemical Manufacturers, Importers and Distributors June 1, 2016 Updates to program and training based on new hazard classifications Employers
- 80. Conclusion ■ HAZCOM is adopting GHS ■ Broad applicability – everybody is “in” ■ Lots to do – Training on GHS elements – Plans and programs need to be revised – SDS need to be developed – New labels need to be designed and implemented
- 81. Safety Issues for Water Operators ■ Confined Space – Monitoring – Definition – PRCS – Procedures ■ Lockout/Tagout – Energy Control procedures – Locks & tags – Electrical exposure ■ Fire Safety/Extinguishers – A-comb; B-electrical; C-chemical – Safe storage of flammables ■ Safe Lifting – Sizing up the lift – Back braces – Two person lifts – Lifting aids (hoists) ■ Hazard Communication – Hazard types: physical/health – Health hazards: acute/chronic – NFPA 704/HMIS – MSDS ■ Chemical Safety Information – Caustics: corrosivity – Always add acid to water – Good ventilation
- 82. Safety Issues for Water Operators ■ Machine Guarding – Power transmission – Guards & blocks ■ Walking/Working Surfaces – Housekeeping – Oils – Caustics – Ice – Ladders – Fall safety ■ Chemical Monitoring – Instruments – O2 deficiency – Combustible gas indicator – H2S ■ PPE – Safety glasses: a must! – Gloves: compatible material – Respirators – Hearing protection – Eyewashes/Showers
- 83. Safety Issues for Water Operators ■ Emergency Preparedness – Emergency action plan – Take care of yourself first – Call postings – Evacuation procedures – Buddy system ■ Accident Prevention – Signs: caution, warning, danger – Labeling containers & tanks – Pipe colors
- 84. Safe Chemical Handling and Initial Spill Response
- 85. Objectives ■ Specific water treatment chemical hazards ■ Means of hazard recognition – Normal handling – Spill / release situations ■ Evaluate Risk ■ Protect yourself – Use of personal protective equipment – Safe distance / places of refuge ■ Protect others
- 86. Where to turn for hazard information?
- 87. Safety Data Sheet ■ Expanded Label Information ■ Accessible ■ Provide Copies During Emergency Response – Outside Agencies – Hospitals, on Injury
- 88. Chemical Specifics ■ Water Treatment – Potassium Permanganate – Ferric Chloride – Liquid Oxygen – Aluminum Sulfate – Sodium Hypochlorite – Sodium Hydroxide – Sulfuric Acid – Chlorine
- 89. Potassium Permanganate ■ KMnO4 ■ Warning: corrosive, oxidizer ■ Routes: eye, skin, inhalation, ingestion ■ Symptoms: irritation, possible chemical burns, pulmonary edema, managanism ■ Hazards – Strong oxidizer (avoid combustibles, wooden pallets, acids) – Large quantities of dust presents inhalation hazard – Chronic neurological effects
- 90. Ferric Chloride ■ FeCl3 ■ Warning: corrosive, harmful ■ Routes: eye, skin, ingestion ■ Symptoms: skin irritation, possible skin burns ■ Hazards – Slightly acidic depending on concentration – Serious harm to eyes if splashed – Vomiting after swallowing – Large exposures cause cadiovascular distress – Toxic on liver and kidneys
- 91. Liquid Oxygen ■ O ■ Warning: gas under pressure, oxidizer ■ Additional: cryogenic liquid causes frostbite ■ Hazards – Additional oxygen causes fires to burn more violently – Frostbite can cause severe injury including loss of skin, fingers, etc – Compressed gas cylinders can overpressure, causing explosions
- 92. Aluminum Sulfate ■ Al2(SO4)3 ■ Warning: irritant ■ Routes: eye, skin, inhalation, ingestion ■ Symptoms: irritation, shortness of breath, vomiting, diarrhea ■ Hazards: – Avoid ingestion – Hydrolyzes in water forming sulfuric acid
- 93. Sodium Hypochlorite ■ NaClO ■ Warning: oxidizer, corrosive (caustic) ■ Routes: eye, skin, inhalation, ingestion ■ Symptoms: irritation, chemical burns, blood disease on chronic overexposure ■ Hazards – Reaction could generate chlorine gas – Extremely slippery – Oxidizing will cause accelerated burning
- 94. Sodium Hydroxide ■ NaOH ■ Warning: corrosive (caustic) ■ Routes: eye, skin, inhalation, ingestion ■ Symptoms: irritation, chemical burns, hair loss ■ Hazards: – Extremely slippery – Difficult to remove – Reacts with acids
- 95. Sulfuric Acid ■ H2SO4 ■ Warning: corrosive ■ Routes: eye, skin, inhalation, ingestion ■ Symptoms: irritation, chemical burns, pulmonary edema ■ Hazards – Highly reactive / generates fumes – Inhalation effects may be delayed – Neutralization enhances the reaction – Adding water may not be effective
- 96. Chlorine Gas / Liquid ■ Corrosive / toxic by inhalation – Vapors condense to form hydrochloric acid – Toxic at relatively low airborne concentration – Can cause pulmonary edema ■ Cryogenic as a liquid ■ Reactives – Ammonia and fuel gas – Explosive compounds ■ Strong odor, good warning properties
- 97. Chemical Emergency Response Now we really have a problem Now we really have a problem
- 98. THREE C’s
- 99. ■ Actions – Remember your priorities – Separate personnel from the hazard – Assess risk – Respond within your capability – Notify the chain of command – Follow your Emergency Response Plan
- 100. Core Objectives
- 101. Don’t get tunnel vision ■ Chemical – Physical hazards – Health hazards – Incompatibles – Ignition sources – Heat ■ Other hazards?
- 102. Bad Things Usually Happen Fires Explosions Toxic Gases
- 103. Acids Caustics Sulfuric acid Aluminum sulfate Sodium hydroxide Sodium hypochlorite VS Exothermic! Heat, fumes, spattering materials, pressure, fire Incompatible Reactions
- 104. Corrosive Oxidizer Sulfuric acid Aluminum sulfate Sodium hypochlorite Chlorine Permanganate VS Heat, explosion, toxic gas (chlorine) Incompatible Reactions
- 105. Fuels/Solvents Oxidizer Gasoline Diesel fuel Paint thinner Sodium hypochlorite Chlorine Permanganate VS Violent reaction, heat, explosion Incompatible Reactions
- 106. Incompatible Reactions Alcohols Corrosive Methanol Sulfuric acid Chlorine VS Heat, explosion
- 107. KEYS TO SAFE RESPONSE ■ Discipline ■ Command ■ Management ■ Don’t Let Time Become Your Enemy ■ Don’t Cut Corners
- 108. Respond Within Your Capabilities ■ First Responders – Operations Level – Defensive containment – From a safe distance ■ Technician Level – Aggressive operations – Appropriate equipment and materials are in-place Annual refresher training required Annual refresher training required
- 109. Response Procedure ■ ER Coordinator ensures incident is properly reported – Local organizations – State environmental agencies – State health agencies ■ Communications coordinator to place internal organizations on standby – Responders – Supervisors – Quality control
- 110. Actions At The Scene ■ ER Coordinator – Directs responders – Liaison to incident commander – Maintains records at the scene ■ Response – Based on threat to public safety and treatment system
- 111. Response To Threats To Public Safety ■ Actions – Inform appropriate internal organizations – Mobilize resources to the scene – Initiate containment activities to protect critical infrastructure – In concert with Incident Command
- 112. Site Activities ■ Assessment of conditions ■ Identify trapped or injured personnel ■ Ensure appropriate notification ■ Isolate environmental receptors – Water – Ground ■ Containment and curtailment ■ Defensive measures
- 113. Isolate Environmental Receptors ■ As far away as reasonably possible ■ Direction of spill migration ■ Drains, doors, etc. ■ Spills vs releases
- 114. Site Conditions ■ Do not contact spilled materials ■ Illumination ■ Heat ■ Protrusions ■ Physical activity ■ Limited time ■ Use of stairs and ladders ■ Vision ■ Communication
- 115. Conclusions / Key Points ■ Employee responsibilities – Know the chemical hazards – Use controls to prevent exposure – Review MSDS / SDS during non-routine tasks – Take action if symptoms of overexposure are felt ■ Response – Know the 4 core objectives – Chemicals can behave very differently when out in the open – Don’t take anything for granted – Get away and get the right resources to the situation – Mistakes can be costly
- 116. Storage Tank Update
- 117. West Virginia News
- 118. ■ Tank Trouble – Elk River, WV » 400,000 w/o water » January 10, 2014 – Laurens, SC » Mystery oil spill – Belgrade, Montana » Tank fire – Bryan, OH » Massive bird kill Storage Tank Update
- 119. Storage Tank Update ■ Typical Tank Uses – Fleet fueling – Facility heating – Generator fueling ■ Underground Tanks – USTs – Fuel tanks need operators ■ Aboveground Tanks – ASTs – Receiving scrutiny
- 120. Remote Spill Box/Fill Fuel Dispenser Fuel Pump Interstitial Leak Detection Spill Kit Normal Vent Labels
- 121. Dispenser Hose Bollards Secondary Tank Emergency Vent Primary Tank Emergency Vent Mechanical Gauge Preventive Limiting Barrier Concrete Pad 1.5-inches Nut
- 123. Ideal Installation – Generator Tank
- 124. What’s the best way to respond to a spill? PREVENT IT FROM HAPPENING!!
- 125. Common Chemical Uses ■ Coagulation ■ Filter and Floc Aids ■ Taste and Odor Control ■ Disinfection ■ pH Adjustment ■ Fluoridation ■ Corrosion Control
- 126. Chemical Feed System Designs ■ Good Engineering Practices – Regulatory Agencies – Utility Standards – Operator Preferences – Economics – Spatial Constraints
- 127. Design Considerations/Flexibility ■ Bulk Tanks ■ Transfer Pumps ■ Day Tank ■ Metering Pumps ■ Containment
- 128. Chemical Compatibility ■ ALWAYS check wetted material for compatibility ■ Effect Ratings – None – excellent – Minor – good – Moderate – fair – Severe – not recommended ■ Resistance Charts
- 130. Bulk Tank Sizing ■ Typical Sizing – Avg. dosage – Max. flowrate – 30 to 45 days ■ Chemical Stability ■ EPCRA
- 131. Bulk Tank Options/Appurtenances ■ Number of Tanks ■ Monitoring – Automatic level indication – Visual sight tube ■ Discharge Motorized Valve ■ High Level Alarm/Audible Horn ■ Filter Canister
- 132. Transfer Pump Design Considerations ■ Fill Time ■ Flooded Suction ■ Compatible Material ■ Viscosity of the Chemical ■ Siphoning
- 133. Day Tank Options/Appurtenances ■ Electronic Load Cell ■ Sight Tube ■ Automatic Level Indication ■ High Level Switch ■ Remote Monitoring
- 134. Metering Pump Design ■ Concentration ■ Specific gravity ■ Viscosity ■ Temperature ■ Suction Lift or Flooded Suction ■ Injection Pressure
- 135. Chemical Feed System Operation ■ Best Management Practices ■ Standard Operating Procedures
- 136. Secondary Containment ■ Concrete Berms with Coating ■ Secondary Containment Pallets ■ Fabricated Containment Systems ■ 110% of Largest Bulk Tank
- 137. Chemical Fill Connections ■ PE Buckets ■ FRP Enclosures ■ PE Enclosures
- 138. Containment Options ■ Coating System – Engineering fabric – Mil thickness ■ Fill Containment ■ Sump with Pump ■ Sump with Float Switch ■ pH Neutralization System
- 139. Safety Takeaways ■ Watch for common issues! ■ Watch your staff & contractors ■ Management of change – Safety Data Sheets
- 140. Questions David P. Horowitz, P.E., CSP Peter J. Grabowski, P.E. Tighe & Bond 53 Southampton Rd. Westfield, MA 01085 413.572.3211 dphorowitz@tighebond.com 413.572.3234 pjgrabowski@tighebond.com Tighe & Bond 177 Corporate Drive Portsmouth, NH 03801 603-433-8818 l 446 Main Street Worcester, MA 01605 508-754-2201 l 4 Barlows Landing Road, Unit #18 Pocasset, MA 02559 508-564-7285 l 213 Court Street, Suite 900 Middletown, CT 06457 860-704-4760 l 1000 Bridgeport Avenue Shelton, CT 06484 203-712-1100
Editor's Notes
- Example for physical Hazard Classification scheme
- Different than the Kyoto protocol in that the allowances aren’t free. Approximately generators 230 in 10-state region; 30 in MA, 15 in CT RGGI is started in the absence of an acceptable national climate policy
- Different than the Kyoto protocol in that the allowances aren’t free. Approximately generators 230 in 10-state region; 30 in MA, 15 in CT RGGI is started in the absence of an acceptable national climate policy
- Different than the Kyoto protocol in that the allowances aren’t free. Approximately generators 230 in 10-state region; 30 in MA, 15 in CT RGGI is started in the absence of an acceptable national climate policy
- Different than the Kyoto protocol in that the allowances aren’t free. Approximately generators 230 in 10-state region; 30 in MA, 15 in CT RGGI is started in the absence of an acceptable national climate policy