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Creating An Inclusive Web

The document discusses creating an inclusive and accessible web for all. It notes that 97% of homepages had accessibility errors in 2021, with 61% being missing alt text. It emphasizes that disability can be both apparent and non-apparent, and that 14.1 million people in the UK have a disability. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the move to digital services. The document outlines the four principles of accessibility as defined by the WCAG: perceivable, operable, understandable, and robust. It provides tips for performing an accessibility audit, including using tools like WAVE and including human judgment.

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Creating an inclusive web. Slideshare.Net/miracleinameti @mira_inam Miracle Inameti-Archibong John Lewis Finance
There are so many things I want to change. What can I influence? What’s within my control?
97% of homepages had accessibility errors. April 2021, WebAIM
61% of the errors were missing alt text. April 2021, WebAIM
-MARK GIFFORD, CIVICACTIONS “…Any of us could find the abilities we enjoy today gone tomorrow”
WE ALL KNOW SOMEONE 01
1 IN 5 14.1 million people in the UK are living with a disability.
14% An estimated 2 million people are living with sight loss. Department of Works & Pensions.
Our vision is our dominant sense.
80% ..of what we learn is done through perception, learning, cognition, and other activities mediated through vision.
Disability is both apparent and non- apparent. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% Visual acuity Light & glare sensitivity Contrast sensitivity Limited field of vision Colour blindness others Source: WebAIM
Those with more significant vision loss consistently reported higher levels of internet proficiency. 70% 27% 2% Advanced Intermediate Beginner
£17.1 billion of potential spending is lost because of inaccessible websites (Click-away pound).
15% of the world’s population lives with a disability (WHO, 2021).
This 15% is often underrepresented and ignored in marketing efforts (BBC, 2021; Mallon, 2019).
“65% of customers find that “a positive experience with a brand [is] more influential than great advertising” (PWC).
83% of participants with access needs limit their shopping to sites that they know are accessible (Click-Away Pound).
86% have chosen to pay more for a product from an accessible website (Click-Away Pound).
Over 10 lawsuits per day in 2021 (Usablenet).
DIGITAL BY DEFAULT 02
COVID 19 has accelerated the move to digital services.
Many essential services have moved online exclusively with very limited or restricted offline alternatives.
99% ..of GP practice have switched to a system of total remote triage (NHS Digital, Appointments in General Practice).
111% Increase in NHS APP registration (NHS Digital, Appointments in General Practice).
Use of e-prescription services also increased, with 1.25 million nominations ((NHS Digital, Appointments in General Practice).
Since January 2015, banks have been closing at a rate of around 54 each month (Which.co.uk).
By we will 2025 we will see worsen economic inequality as the tech- savvy pull further ahead of those who have less access to digital tools (Pew Research Centre).
ACCESSIBILTY CRITERIA. 03
Your audits should cover the four principles of accessibility as outlined by WCAG.
PERCEIVABLE Information and user interface must be presentable to users in ways they can perceive.
Alt text Assistive technologies Text alternatives for any non-text content. CAPTCHA Visual formating
61% ..of all homepage accessibility error is due to missing alternative text (WebAIM).
No text describing where the link will go if clicked or triggered.  Empty links  Non-descriptive links  Linked images
Missing form input label. Empty description of what the various fields and controls in the form are for.
Missing Label Labeled
Empty Buttons. No text describing the function of the button.
Syncronised captions. Alternatives for time-based media. Make transcripts and audio files available.
Adaptable formats (visually, audibly, tactilely. Create content that can be presented in different ways . Meaningful sequence.
Use of colour Resize text Make it easier for users to see and hear content . Colour contrast Audio Control
(Images from Squarespace)
OPERABLE The interface cannot require interaction that a user cannot perform.
Keyboard navigation Responsive design Make all functionality available from a keyboard. Colour contrast Audio Control
Adjustable timing Timeout Provide users enough time to read and use content. Re-authentication Pause
Animation from Interactions. Flashing visual content. Three flashes or below threshold.
Assisted technology Bypass content blocks Easy and sensible navigation. Breadcrumbs Headings & titles
UNDERSTANDABLE The Interface content or operation cannot be beyond the user’s understanding.
Unusual words Reading levels Easy to read and understand content. Abrevations Consistent layout
Make the behaviour of functional and interactive components predictable. Present content in a predictable way.
Accessible error labels & Instructions. People with some disabilities have more difficulty creating error-free input. Accessible authetications.
ROBUST Content must be compatible with current and future user agents, including assistive technologies.
HOW TO PERFORM AN ACCESSIBILTY AUDIT. 04
CREATE A CHECKLIST Digital Accessibility Checklist. Web Content Accesibility Guidelines.
WAVE WebAIM Accessibility Tool
WAVE API Allows automated and remote accessibility analysis.
WordPress Accessibility plugin
Lighthouse
Only 25% of issues detected by automated tools (BIA).
Human judgment trumps automation.  Non-descriptive alt txt  Colour that convey meaning  Skip to content links
Download a screen reader.
How do screen readers work?
—MAI SHALVI “To be inclusive, companies have to be more creative, welcoming, and go beyond the required regulations.”
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES  https://wave.webaim.org/.  https://wave.webaim.org/api/.  https://blog.hubspot.com/website/wordpress-accessibility- plugin.
CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, and includes icons by Flaticon, and infographics & images by Freepik THANKS! WEBSITE: https://miracleinametiarchibong.com/ TWITTER: @mira_inam