This document discusses using Wikipedia to analyze societal controversies. It proposes analyzing edit histories, related articles, forks and splits to understand positions in a controversy and map the production of knowledge on an issue. The document presents an analysis of editing activity on the "Climate Change" and "Scientific Opinion on Climate Change" articles, finding debate was displaced from the former to the latter. It identifies other controversy indicators like recent edits, watchers, discussions and bot activity. Analyzing controversies on Wikipedia provides insight into evolving issues and positions to inform one's own opinions.
DE presentation to IISD on May 7, 2008. Title: Amazon Resilience and Busines...DE Design and Environment
Presentation given to the Natural Resources Management Group of the International Institute for Sustainable Development on May 7, 2008. The topics were: Estimating Resilience of Amazonian Ecosystems and Design and Business Evolution
DE presentation to IISD on May 7, 2008. Title: Amazon Resilience and Busines...DE Design and Environment
Presentation given to the Natural Resources Management Group of the International Institute for Sustainable Development on May 7, 2008. The topics were: Estimating Resilience of Amazonian Ecosystems and Design and Business Evolution
What Energy Sources are available & how do they work?
Civilizations are based on the fuels they use to power themselves. The fuel determines the technologies used, and the technologies determine the lifestyles, economies, and eventually the entire culture. So the transition to sustainable fuels is critical if we wish to design sustainable cultures.
This class explores which fuels can be considered 'renewable' & under which circumstances.
Also we look into the various transformer technologies which are needed to make this energy available to us, how they are most effectively used and we explore what a truly 'solar-powered civilization' might look like.
Professor Schneider is actively involved with the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and specializes in projecting global climate change and related impacts for the future. He is also dedicated to communicating science to the public.
THE WAYS IN WHICH GEO -ENGINEERING COULD TRANSFORM THE ENVIRONMENTVARUN KESAVAN
For long, it was dismissed as an idea that was too outlandish. But now, it is slowly becoming acceptable. Today we are in an era of climate emergency. We have to hit global warming with everything we have — and deal with some of the consequences later.
All actions that governments have been planning (and planning, and planning) need to work in the medium to long term. Global warming doesn’t allow us the luxury of time. It is not a problem that will suddenly surface in 2100, the target year for limiting the planet from heating up beyond two degrees Celsius, from the average temperatures of the mid-19th century. It is a here-and-now problem.
If you have any doubts, look at what’s happening in Australia. The raging, uncontrollable forest fire not only took its toll on human lives but wiped out an estimated 480 million animals and birds. It is a big folly to ignore the loss of the faunal.
Global Warming Requires An Immediate Solution
Environmental Pollution And Global Warming
Synthesis Essay On Global Warming
Solutions to Global Warming Essay example
Global Warming Research Paper
Global Warming : A Potential Solution
Finding a Solution to Global Warming Essay
Global Warming : A Simple Solution
Solutions to the Global Climate Change Essay
Solutions to Global Warming Essay
Global Warming and Climate Change Essay
Climate Change Solution
Global Warming Essay
Solutions to Global Warming Essay
GLOBAL WARMING Essay example
Problem and Solution of Global Warming
Solutions to Global Warming Essay
A Solution to Global Warming
Man, whether or not he admits it, is hastening the speed of the heating of the Earth. Here are some facts on global warming, true case studies, prevention techniques and analyses on failing government solutions to the problem we often pretend is not there.
Paper Writing Service - HelpWriting.net 👈
✅ Quality
You get an original and high-quality paper based on extensive research. The completed work will be correctly formatted, referenced and tailored to your level of study.
✅ Confidentiality
We value your privacy. We do not disclose your personal information to any third party without your consent. Your payment data is also safely handled as you process the payment through a secured and verified payment processor.
✅ Originality
Every single order we deliver is written from scratch according to your instructions. We have zero tolerance for plagiarism, so all completed papers are unique and checked for plagiarism using a leading plagiarism detector.
✅ On-time delivery
We strive to deliver quality custom written papers before the deadline. That's why you don't have to worry about missing the deadline for submitting your assignment.
✅ Free revisions
You can ask to revise your paper as many times as you need until you're completely satisfied with the result. Provide notes about what needs to be changed, and we'll change it right away.
✅ 24/7 Support
From answering simple questions to solving any possible issues, we're always here to help you in chat and on the phone. We've got you covered at any time, day or night.
The Carbon Cycle
Responses to Student Guide to the Carbon Cycle
Landscape Planning for Climatic AdaptationImad Kayyali
A summery of a research conducted in Kuwait for a large project. The research concluded recommendations for climatic adaptation and energy conservation.
We Can Stop Global Warming Essay
Global Warming Essay
Solutions to Global Warming Essay example
Reducing Global Warming Essay
Essay on We Must Stop Global Warming
Essay about Preventing Global Warming
How to Stop Global Warming Essay
Essay about Stop Global Warming Now!
Preventing Global Warming Essay
Stop Global Warming
Essay on Fighting Global Warming
The question of what constitutes a keyword is the starting point for query design for that is what makes querying and query design practically a part of a research strategy. When formulating a query, one often begins with keywords so as to ascertain who is using them, in which contexts and with which spread or distribution over time. In the following a particular keyword query strategy or design is put forward, whereby one queries competing keywords, asking whether a particular term is winning favour and amongst whom.
The workshop opens with a discussion of how to repurpose digital "methods of the medium" for social and cultural scholarly research, including its limitations, critiques and ethics. Subsequently participants are trained in using digital methods in hands-on sessions. How to use crawlers for dynamic URL sampling and issue network mapping? How to employ scrapers to create a bias or partisanship diagnostic instrument? We also consider how to deploy online platforms for social research. How to transform Wikipedia from an online encyclopaedia to a device for cross-cultural memory studies? How to make use of social media so as to profile the preferences and tastes of politicians’ friends, and also locate most engaged with content? How to make use of Twitter analytics to debanalize tweets, and provide compelling accounts of events on the ground? Finally, the workshop turns to the question of employing web data and metrics as societal indices more generally.
What Energy Sources are available & how do they work?
Civilizations are based on the fuels they use to power themselves. The fuel determines the technologies used, and the technologies determine the lifestyles, economies, and eventually the entire culture. So the transition to sustainable fuels is critical if we wish to design sustainable cultures.
This class explores which fuels can be considered 'renewable' & under which circumstances.
Also we look into the various transformer technologies which are needed to make this energy available to us, how they are most effectively used and we explore what a truly 'solar-powered civilization' might look like.
Professor Schneider is actively involved with the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and specializes in projecting global climate change and related impacts for the future. He is also dedicated to communicating science to the public.
THE WAYS IN WHICH GEO -ENGINEERING COULD TRANSFORM THE ENVIRONMENTVARUN KESAVAN
For long, it was dismissed as an idea that was too outlandish. But now, it is slowly becoming acceptable. Today we are in an era of climate emergency. We have to hit global warming with everything we have — and deal with some of the consequences later.
All actions that governments have been planning (and planning, and planning) need to work in the medium to long term. Global warming doesn’t allow us the luxury of time. It is not a problem that will suddenly surface in 2100, the target year for limiting the planet from heating up beyond two degrees Celsius, from the average temperatures of the mid-19th century. It is a here-and-now problem.
If you have any doubts, look at what’s happening in Australia. The raging, uncontrollable forest fire not only took its toll on human lives but wiped out an estimated 480 million animals and birds. It is a big folly to ignore the loss of the faunal.
Global Warming Requires An Immediate Solution
Environmental Pollution And Global Warming
Synthesis Essay On Global Warming
Solutions to Global Warming Essay example
Global Warming Research Paper
Global Warming : A Potential Solution
Finding a Solution to Global Warming Essay
Global Warming : A Simple Solution
Solutions to the Global Climate Change Essay
Solutions to Global Warming Essay
Global Warming and Climate Change Essay
Climate Change Solution
Global Warming Essay
Solutions to Global Warming Essay
GLOBAL WARMING Essay example
Problem and Solution of Global Warming
Solutions to Global Warming Essay
A Solution to Global Warming
Man, whether or not he admits it, is hastening the speed of the heating of the Earth. Here are some facts on global warming, true case studies, prevention techniques and analyses on failing government solutions to the problem we often pretend is not there.
Paper Writing Service - HelpWriting.net 👈
✅ Quality
You get an original and high-quality paper based on extensive research. The completed work will be correctly formatted, referenced and tailored to your level of study.
✅ Confidentiality
We value your privacy. We do not disclose your personal information to any third party without your consent. Your payment data is also safely handled as you process the payment through a secured and verified payment processor.
✅ Originality
Every single order we deliver is written from scratch according to your instructions. We have zero tolerance for plagiarism, so all completed papers are unique and checked for plagiarism using a leading plagiarism detector.
✅ On-time delivery
We strive to deliver quality custom written papers before the deadline. That's why you don't have to worry about missing the deadline for submitting your assignment.
✅ Free revisions
You can ask to revise your paper as many times as you need until you're completely satisfied with the result. Provide notes about what needs to be changed, and we'll change it right away.
✅ 24/7 Support
From answering simple questions to solving any possible issues, we're always here to help you in chat and on the phone. We've got you covered at any time, day or night.
The Carbon Cycle
Responses to Student Guide to the Carbon Cycle
Landscape Planning for Climatic AdaptationImad Kayyali
A summery of a research conducted in Kuwait for a large project. The research concluded recommendations for climatic adaptation and energy conservation.
We Can Stop Global Warming Essay
Global Warming Essay
Solutions to Global Warming Essay example
Reducing Global Warming Essay
Essay on We Must Stop Global Warming
Essay about Preventing Global Warming
How to Stop Global Warming Essay
Essay about Stop Global Warming Now!
Preventing Global Warming Essay
Stop Global Warming
Essay on Fighting Global Warming
The question of what constitutes a keyword is the starting point for query design for that is what makes querying and query design practically a part of a research strategy. When formulating a query, one often begins with keywords so as to ascertain who is using them, in which contexts and with which spread or distribution over time. In the following a particular keyword query strategy or design is put forward, whereby one queries competing keywords, asking whether a particular term is winning favour and amongst whom.
The workshop opens with a discussion of how to repurpose digital "methods of the medium" for social and cultural scholarly research, including its limitations, critiques and ethics. Subsequently participants are trained in using digital methods in hands-on sessions. How to use crawlers for dynamic URL sampling and issue network mapping? How to employ scrapers to create a bias or partisanship diagnostic instrument? We also consider how to deploy online platforms for social research. How to transform Wikipedia from an online encyclopaedia to a device for cross-cultural memory studies? How to make use of social media so as to profile the preferences and tastes of politicians’ friends, and also locate most engaged with content? How to make use of Twitter analytics to debanalize tweets, and provide compelling accounts of events on the ground? Finally, the workshop turns to the question of employing web data and metrics as societal indices more generally.
Richard Rogers, Otherwise Engaged: Critical Analytics and the New Meanings of...Digital Methods Initiative
Richard Rogers, Otherwise Engaged: Critical Analytics and the New Meanings of Engagement Online. Opening Lecture, Digital Methods Winter School, 11 January 2916
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of Labour
CPoV
1. CONTROVERSY ANALYSIS WITH WIKIPEDIA
Erik Borra
erik@digitalmethods.net
Esther Weltevrede
esther@digitalmethods.net
Digital Methods Initiative, University of Amsterdam
With the aid of Anne Helmond, Carolin Gerlitz, Sabine Niederer,
Michael Stevenson, and Richard Rogers
2. WHAT IS A CONTROVERSY?
“We use [the word controversy] as a general term to describe
shared uncertainty” (Macospol 2007)
“Controversies are situations where actors disagree (or better, agree
on their disagreement)” (Venturini 2009)
3. WHY WIKIPEDIA?
Information used to be provided by authoritative sources (experts,
textbooks, encyclopedia, government reports, academia);
Now many different people produce information, from very
different sources. Also experts differ in opinion.
4. WIKIPEDIA’S NPOV
“The neutral point of view is a means of dealing with conflicting perspectives on a
topic as evidenced by reliable sources”
Body text
5. WHY CONTROVERSY ANALYSIS?
Second degree objectivity: an objectivity that does not seek to
settle a controversy by reference to the facts but rather to expose
partisanship and the knowledge claims articulated in it (Macospol
2007).
To gain insight in the positions taken in a controversy is a way into
the bizarre and complex world of opinion in order to form our own
opinion
6. HOW TO REPURPOSE WIKIPEDIA FOR CONTROVERSY
ANALYSIS?
Per article
• look at edit history (as a process of knowledge production)
• interpret ‘NPoV’ as way in to map second degree objectivity.
makes disputes more intelligible and constructive
What can we learn about the issue (the article), and about societal
controversy, by looking at the edit history of Wikipedia?
7. CONTROVERSY INDICATORS WITHIN WIKIPEDIA
• Related articles
• Forkings and splits
• Edit activity
• Issue commitment by editors
8. HOW TO RESEARCH A CONTROVERSIAL SPACE LIKE
GLOBAL WARMING?
Hyperlink analysis
The network of Global Warming and related articles
9. Global Warming Wikipedia Network
Method_ Crawl articles related to Global Warming (indicated by bi-directional links),
outputting network.
Articles used for further analysis are highlighted.
Digital Methods Summer ‘09
Solar_variation Analysis_ Michael Stevenson, Carolin Gerlitz, Erik Borra and Richard Rogers
El_Nino Extreme_weather Map_ ReseauLu
Benjamin_D._Santer Design_ Marieke van Dijk, Michael Stevenson and Richard Rogers
Nature_(journal) Portable_Document_Format
Carbon_dioxide Infrared
Milankovitch_cycles
Science_(journal)
Methane_clathrate Ozone_depletion
Troposphere
Extinction Fossil_fuel Digital_object_identifier Global_warming_controversy
NASA
Lyme_disease Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change
World_Meteorological_Organization
Photosynthesis
El_Nino-Southern_Oscillation Climate_change
Natural_gas Climate Greenhouse_gas
Irrigation
Body Text
Radiative_forcing Global_dimming
Climate_change_and_agriculture
Nitrous_oxide United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change
Maize Wikimedia_Commons Carbon_sink
Sea_level_rise Orbital_forcing Adaptation_to_global_warming
Scientific_opinion_on_climate_change IPCC_Fourth_Assessment_Report PaleoclimatologyPacific_decadal_oscillation
Agriculture China Methane Global_warming Politics_of_global_warming
Australia Earths_atmosphere Effects_of_global_warming Climate_change_denial
Earth
Volcano List_of_scientists_opposing_the_mainstream_scientific_assessment_of_global_warming
Brazil Ocean_acidification
Attribution_of_recent_climate_change Extinction_risk_from_climate_change
Biomass Economics_of_global_warming Bond_event
Indonesia Europe Shutdown_of_thermohaline_circulation
Biofuel Anthropogenic Global_cooling
Renewable_energy Avoiding_Dangerous_Climate_Change
New_Zealand Medieval_Warm_Period Greenhouse_effect Retreat_of_glaciers_since_1850
Deforestation Urban_heat_island Index_of_climate_change_articles
India Mexico
United_Nations_Environment_Programme Cloud_forcing Atlantic_Multidecadal_Oscillation
Little_Ice_Age Satellite_temperature_measurements
Carbon_tax Global_warming_potential Geologic_temperature_record
Drought Indian_Ocean_Dipole Instrumental_temperature_record Oil_phase-out_in_Sweden
Coal Cap_and_Share Climate_model Personal_carbon_trading Temperature_record_since_1880
National_Assessment_on_Climate_Change Template_talk:Global_warming
Land_use,_land-use_change_and_forestry Global_climate_model Effects_of_global_warming_on_India
South_Africa Mitigation_of_global_warming Climate_change_mitigation_scenarios
Gross_domestic_product Kyoto_Protocol Temperature_record_of_the_past_1000_years
Glossary_of_climate_change Aviation_and_the_environment
Albedo Soft_energy_path
Body text
Clean_Development_Mechanism Historical_climatology Season_creep
Canada Wind_powerUnited_Nations
Japan Carbon_offset Efficient_energy_use
Dam Glacial_lake Climate_ethics
PolandRussia Carbon_credit Drought_tolerance
Rainwater_tank
Joint_Implementation United_Kingdom_Climate_Change_Programme
Bali_roadmap
G8 Individual_and_political_action_on_climate_change
United_States European_Climate_Change_Programme
Emissions_trading Glaciation Effects_of_global_warming_on_Australia
European_Union Renewable_energy_commercialization
Coal_phase_out
Cosmic_ray Weather_control G8_Climate_Change_Roundtable
Renewable_energy_development
Peoples_Republic_of_China Energy_conservation
Germany
United_Kingdom Sustainable_development
Italy Tokyo
France
Berlin Germania
10. Wikipedia networks may represent the free encyclopedia's desire
to resolve controversy.
There’s a separation of the popular debate surrounding the
existence and causes of Global Warming from apparently factual
articles.
23. Debates and their Displacement on Wikipedia
Question: How is controversy managed on Wikipedia, and how
does this e ect the encyclopedia’s composition of an issue? Edits to “Climate Change”
Findings: After heavy editing and much discussion on the Climate
Changeand Global Warming articles regarding scienti c consen- Edits to “Scienti c Opinion
sus, active editors decided to create the article "Scienti c Opinion on Climate Change”
on Global Warming." The Dorling Map shows the number of edits
and editors for "Climate Change" in the three months prior to the
creation of the "Scienti c Opinion" article, and the same for both
articles in the following three months. One sees, in a sense, the
relocation of the debate and its debaters, as well as a correspond-
ing decline in activity on the article "Climate Change."
Digital Methods Summer '09
Analysis_ Carolin Gerlitz and Michael Stevenson
Design_ Carolin Gerlitz and Michael Stevenson
Body Text
Body text
24 June to 24 September 2003 24 September to 24 December 2003
26. IPCC
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
• scientific intergovernmental body evaluating risk of human-
induced climate change
• Fourth assessment report published in 3 parts on Feb 2, April 6
and May 4, 2007
45. FROM A CONTROVERSY ANALYSIS POV
NPoV mechanisms can be repurposed as controversy indicators
• network analysis for the discovery of sub-issues
• forks and splits as indicators of controversy articulation
• shifts of editors to related articles as an indicator of the
displacement of controversies
• edit activity as an indicator for the heatedness of matters of
concerns
• protections
46. WIP
• recent edits
• number of edits
• article length
• number of watchers
• number of discussion topics
• number of edits is indicative of number of editors
• number of reverts
• bot activity
• (combinations of) templates
47. WHY IS THIS USEFUL?
• How do controversies evolve, what are the matters of concern?
• New mode of knowledge production (no longer truths and facts
but a process). To obtain insight in the positions taken in the
controversy in order to form one’s own opinion
• Detection of conflicts and the development of new metrics for
the evaluation of the Wikipedia system