This lessons gives you an overview of the present perfect tense in English Grammar.
More free lessons can be found on the website of Language Open Learning - http://www.LanguageOpenLearning.com
This document provides guidance on subject-verb agreement. It discusses how verbs must match their subject in number, and that the subject is not always the word directly preceding the verb. Several situations where subject-verb agreement can be tricky are outlined, including with prepositional phrases, inverted subjects, expressions of quantity, and certain pronoun subjects. The document stresses the importance of identifying the true subject of a clause to select the correctly corresponding verb form.
This document provides an overview of clauses, subjects, verbs, and other grammatical concepts. It discusses how every clause needs a subject and verb, and that the verb must agree with the subject. It cautions that finding the subject and main verb can sometimes be tricky, as other words can obscure them, and presents examples of how to properly identify subjects, verbs, prepositional phrases, appositives, participles and their various uses. The summary emphasizes that every clause requires a subject and verb, and identifying these elements accurately is important for proper structure and expression.
The document discusses the simple present tense, including its uses to express general truths or habitual actions. It provides examples and explains how to form affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the simple present tense. Patterns are given for subject + verb form, subject + doesn't/don't + verb form, and do/does + subject + verb form. Spelling rules are outlined for third person singular verbs. An exercise is included to practice forming simple present tense sentences.
The document discusses the present perfect tense and how it is used to talk about experiences or events that have occurred or begun in the past but have relevance to the present. It provides examples of the present perfect form, which is subject + have/has + past participle, and contrasts it with the past simple tense which is used to talk about completed past actions at a specific time. It then provides exercises for filling in blanks with appropriate present perfect verbs.
This document discusses the proper use of the words "much" and "many" in grammar. It provides examples of using "much" with uncountable nouns and "many" with plural countable nouns. It also outlines 7 grammar patterns using "much", including to ask about an amount, talk about an amount or degree, talk about small quantities, emphasize comparisons, say something is excessive, say how you feel, and talk about frequencies. It concludes with two exercises applying the rules of "much" and "many".
This document compares and contrasts the simple past and present perfect tenses in English. The simple past is used to describe actions or situations that are completed in the past, while the present perfect connects the past to the present by describing actions or situations that began in the past and continue to the present or are relevant to the present. Examples are provided to illustrate the difference in meaning between sentences using the simple past versus the present perfect. Time expressions that are commonly used with each tense are also outlined.
The present perfect progressive tense is used to describe an activity that began in the past and continues into the present. It is formed using "have/has been" plus the present participle of the verb. Examples of its use include "They have been playing for two hours" and "It has been raining all day." Time expressions like "for," "since," "all morning," etc. are often used with this tense. Certain stative verbs that describe a state of being cannot be used in the progressive tense. When used without a specific time mention, it expresses a general ongoing activity recently.
Reported Speech III: Questions and SuggestionsAntonio Romero
This document discusses how to report questions and suggestions in indirect speech. It explains that questions require the verb "ask" and include "if" when reported, and the word order changes to a statement structure. Yes/no questions start with a verb while wh- questions use an interrogative pronoun. Suggestions use the structure of subject + "suggested that" + subject + verb in the past tense. Examples are provided to illustrate reporting questions and suggestions according to these rules.
This document discusses English grammar rules for comparatives and superlatives of adjectives. It explains that comparatives are used to compare two things and are formed by adding "-er" to short adjectives or using "more" for long adjectives. Superlatives compare more than two things and are formed by adding "-est" or using "the most". Examples of forming comparatives and superlatives are provided.
The document discusses the use of the indefinite articles "a" and "an" in English. It states that "a" or "an" is used before countable nouns, like "I have a car", but not before uncountable nouns like water. It also notes that "a" or "an" is not used with substances, sports, weather conditions, or certain other nouns like love, help, money, and types of meals.
This document defines and provides examples of relative (adjective) clauses in English. It discusses the key types of adjective clauses, including defining and non-defining clauses. Defining clauses provide essential identifying information about a noun, while non-defining clauses provide additional, non-essential information. The document also covers the formation and usage of adjective clauses for people, objects, places and times. Examples are provided to illustrate the different types and functions of relative clauses.
This lessons gives you an overview of the present perfect tense in English Grammar.
More free lessons can be found on the website of Language Open Learning - http://www.LanguageOpenLearning.com
This document provides guidance on subject-verb agreement. It discusses how verbs must match their subject in number, and that the subject is not always the word directly preceding the verb. Several situations where subject-verb agreement can be tricky are outlined, including with prepositional phrases, inverted subjects, expressions of quantity, and certain pronoun subjects. The document stresses the importance of identifying the true subject of a clause to select the correctly corresponding verb form.
This document provides an overview of clauses, subjects, verbs, and other grammatical concepts. It discusses how every clause needs a subject and verb, and that the verb must agree with the subject. It cautions that finding the subject and main verb can sometimes be tricky, as other words can obscure them, and presents examples of how to properly identify subjects, verbs, prepositional phrases, appositives, participles and their various uses. The summary emphasizes that every clause requires a subject and verb, and identifying these elements accurately is important for proper structure and expression.
The document discusses the simple present tense, including its uses to express general truths or habitual actions. It provides examples and explains how to form affirmative, negative, and interrogative sentences in the simple present tense. Patterns are given for subject + verb form, subject + doesn't/don't + verb form, and do/does + subject + verb form. Spelling rules are outlined for third person singular verbs. An exercise is included to practice forming simple present tense sentences.
The document discusses the present perfect tense and how it is used to talk about experiences or events that have occurred or begun in the past but have relevance to the present. It provides examples of the present perfect form, which is subject + have/has + past participle, and contrasts it with the past simple tense which is used to talk about completed past actions at a specific time. It then provides exercises for filling in blanks with appropriate present perfect verbs.
This document discusses the proper use of the words "much" and "many" in grammar. It provides examples of using "much" with uncountable nouns and "many" with plural countable nouns. It also outlines 7 grammar patterns using "much", including to ask about an amount, talk about an amount or degree, talk about small quantities, emphasize comparisons, say something is excessive, say how you feel, and talk about frequencies. It concludes with two exercises applying the rules of "much" and "many".
This document compares and contrasts the simple past and present perfect tenses in English. The simple past is used to describe actions or situations that are completed in the past, while the present perfect connects the past to the present by describing actions or situations that began in the past and continue to the present or are relevant to the present. Examples are provided to illustrate the difference in meaning between sentences using the simple past versus the present perfect. Time expressions that are commonly used with each tense are also outlined.
The present perfect progressive tense is used to describe an activity that began in the past and continues into the present. It is formed using "have/has been" plus the present participle of the verb. Examples of its use include "They have been playing for two hours" and "It has been raining all day." Time expressions like "for," "since," "all morning," etc. are often used with this tense. Certain stative verbs that describe a state of being cannot be used in the progressive tense. When used without a specific time mention, it expresses a general ongoing activity recently.
Reported Speech III: Questions and SuggestionsAntonio Romero
This document discusses how to report questions and suggestions in indirect speech. It explains that questions require the verb "ask" and include "if" when reported, and the word order changes to a statement structure. Yes/no questions start with a verb while wh- questions use an interrogative pronoun. Suggestions use the structure of subject + "suggested that" + subject + verb in the past tense. Examples are provided to illustrate reporting questions and suggestions according to these rules.
This document discusses English grammar rules for comparatives and superlatives of adjectives. It explains that comparatives are used to compare two things and are formed by adding "-er" to short adjectives or using "more" for long adjectives. Superlatives compare more than two things and are formed by adding "-est" or using "the most". Examples of forming comparatives and superlatives are provided.
The document discusses the use of the indefinite articles "a" and "an" in English. It states that "a" or "an" is used before countable nouns, like "I have a car", but not before uncountable nouns like water. It also notes that "a" or "an" is not used with substances, sports, weather conditions, or certain other nouns like love, help, money, and types of meals.
This document defines and provides examples of relative (adjective) clauses in English. It discusses the key types of adjective clauses, including defining and non-defining clauses. Defining clauses provide essential identifying information about a noun, while non-defining clauses provide additional, non-essential information. The document also covers the formation and usage of adjective clauses for people, objects, places and times. Examples are provided to illustrate the different types and functions of relative clauses.
The document provides a grammar exercise on modal verbs in Turkish. It contains 20 sentences with blanks to be filled in using modal verbs like "must, can't, may, might, could" and their past tense forms. The sentences cover common uses of modals like speculation, deduction, permission, ability and necessity. Students are asked to fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs or past tense forms.
The document provides exercises to practice using the phrases "Used to" and "Be Used to". It contains three parts:
A) Rewrite sentences using "Used to"
B) Complete sentences using "Used to" or "Be Used to"
C) Provides the answers to the exercises
This document provides a modal verbs exercise in Turkish where students are given sentences and asked to draw conclusions using "Can't", "Must", or "Might". It includes 10 sentences where conclusions can be drawn about a person's wealth, job, identity, pain level, neighbors, salary increase, and identity. The answers are provided at the end.
The document discusses a modal verbs exercise where the reader is asked to fill in the blanks of 20 sentences with the appropriate modal verb. It provides the sentences with blanks and the keys to fill in the correct modal verb for each blank. The sentences cover common uses of modal verbs like ability, permission, possibility, necessity and prohibition.
The document discusses a modal verbs exercise in Turkish. It provides 10 fill-in-the-blank questions for parts A and B requiring the use of modal verbs like "have to", "must", "can", "could" etc. The answers/keys are then provided to complete the exercises.
The document provides a grammar exercise on modals such as "can-can't", "must-mustn't", "have to-don't have to". It contains 3 parts with multiple choice questions to test understanding of ability and obligation. Part A contains sentences to be filled in with "can or can't". Part B contains sentences to be filled in with "can-can't or must-mustn't". Part C contains sentences to be filled in with "must-mustn't or have to-don't have to". The answers or keys are provided at the end.
Present perfect tense & simple past tense alıştırmaalikemal28
This document provides a practice exercise contrasting the simple past tense and present perfect tense. It contains 31 sentences with blanks that must be filled in with either the simple past or present perfect tense of verbs provided. The answers key is then provided to check the responses.
The document discusses using the simple past and past continuous tenses in sentences. It provides 16 examples for the reader to fill in the blanks using those tenses. The answers or keys are then provided.
The document provides an exercise to practice the past continuous tense by filling in blanks and asking/answering example questions. For part A, students are asked to fill in 8 blanks with the past continuous form of the given verbs. For part B, students ask and answer 10 questions using the structure "How did X happen?" while providing an action in the past continuous as the answer. The keys/answers are provided.
1. Bugünkü konumuz '' Countable / Sayılabilir ve
Uncountable / Sayılamaz '' isimler. İngilizce' de isimler ya
sayılabilirdir ya da sayılamazdır. Tekillik çoğulluk
konusundan tutun da daha başka birçok yapıda bu konuyu
bilmeniz gerekmektedir. Karşınıza her zaman bu konuyla
ilgili soru ve değerlendirmeler çıkar. Konuyu en genel
anlamında özetlemeye çalıştım. Sayılabilir isimler ve çoğul halleri önceki derslerde anlatıldığı
için bu çalışmada yoğunluğu '' Uncountables / Sayılamaz '' isimlere vereceğim. Aşağıdaki
tabloya göz attıktan sonra incelememize geçelim.
2. Tabloyu incelediğinizi varsayarak konuyu derinlemesine inceleyelim şimdi.
Countables Nouns / Sayılabilir İsimler
Tabloda bahsettiğimiz gibi 1,2,3 diye sayabildiğimiz nesneler sayılabilmektedir. Bu konudan
bu kadar bahsedeceğim. Çünkü Ders 8 'te tüm detaylarıyla anlatmaya çalıştım. Sayılabilir
isimler ve çoğulları için burayı tıklayarak bilgi alabilirsiniz.
Uncountable Nouns / Sayılamaz İsimler
Uncountable / Sayılamaz isimler 1,2,3 diye sayamadığımız genellikle sıvı, gaz, tanecik,
türemiş ve diğer diye gruplandırabildiğimiz isimlerdir. Şimdi sırasıyla teker teker açıklayalım.
1. Sıvı / Liquid : İngilizce'de sıvı isimler sayılamaz. Mesela 1 süt, 2 su, 3 yağ diyemeyiz.
Water, oil, tea, coffee, soup, wine, ink, milk, beer, lemonade, orange juice, vinegar...
2. Hava / Gas : İngilizce'de gaz, hava olan isimler sayılamaz.
Air, oxygen, perfume...
3. Tanecik / Particle : İngilizce'de '' tanecik '' şeklinde olan isimler de sayılamaz. Tanecik
derken
tuz, pirinç, şeker gibi çok küçük tanecikli isimleri kastediyoruz.
Sugar, salt, sand, flour, rice....
4. Türemiş / Derived : Evet bu ifadeyle ilk defa karşılaşmış olabilirsiniz. Ama sorun değil son
derece basit bir mantığı var. İlk ( orjinal hali ) sıvı - sayılamaz olup da çeşitli işlemler sonucu
şekli ve kimyası değişmiş maddeler için söylenebilir.
Butter : Tereyağı... Tereyağı sütten yapılır. Süt de sayılamaz olduğu için tereyağı, yoğurt,
peynir, dondurma gibi süt ve sütten türeyen isimler de sayılamaz.
Ice : Buz... Buzun orjinal ilk hali nedir? Tabi ki de su. Su da sayılamaz olduğu için su ve su
türevleri de sayılamaz.
3. Bread : Ekmek... Ekmek neyden yapılır? Tabiki de undan:) Un ( Flour ) sayılamaz olduğu için
undan yapılan ekmek de sayılamaz.
Yukarıda birkaç örneğini verdiğim mantığa binaen yüzlerce isim olabilir. Bu mantıkla epey bir
ismin sayılabilir mi sayılamaz mı olduğunu çok rahat kavrayabilirsiniz.
5. Diğer / Other : Bu bölümde ise yukarıdaki kurallarla bağlantılı olmayan sayılamaz olan
isimler var.Merak etmeyin bu bölümdeki sayılamaz isimler öyle pek fazla değildir.
money, news ( sonunda ''-s '' harfi olması sizi şaşırtmasın ), information , love , meat,
pepper, fruit, pollution, coal, pyhsics, Maths, science, chocolate, furniture,dirt, time,
paper, hair, toothpaste, shaving cream, enegry...
Ancak sayılamaz isimleri belli şartlarda sayılabilir olabilir.. Yani onları paket, kutu, tüp gibi
ifadeler ile sayılabilir yapabiliriz.
a slice of bread / Bir dilim ekmek
a loaf of bread / Bir somun ekmek
a kilo of flour / Bir kilo un
a packet of flour / Bir paket un
a bottle of perfume / Bir şise parfüm
a bar of soap / Bir kalıp sabun
a packet of tea / Bir paket çay
a glass of wine / Bir şişe şarap
a dish of fruit / Bir tabak meyve
a can of beer / Bir kutu bira
a head of lettuce / Bir baş marul
a bottle of body spray / Bir şişe vücut
spreyi
a packet of paper / Bir paket kağıt
a tube of toothpaste / Bir tüp diş macunu
a tin of coke / Bir kutu kola
a piece of chalk / Bir parça tebeşir
a bar of chocolate / Bir kalıp çikolata
a bottle of water / Bir şişe su
a tube of oinment / Bir tüp merhem
a can of hair spray / Bir kutu saç spreyi
4. Aynı şekilde sayılabilir isimler de yukarıdaki ifadelerle kullanılabilir.
a packet of cigarettes / Bir paket sigara
a box of cigarettes / Bir kutu sigara
a bunch of flowers / Bir demet çicek
a kilo of apples / Bir kilo elma
a bunch of bananas / Bir salkım muz
a bunch of grapes / Bir salkım üzüm
