CORROSION INHIBITORS (1).pptx
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Corrosion inhibitors work by forming a passive film on steel rebars to prevent corrosion, but their performance depends on numerous interrelated factors and forming this protective layer is not guaranteed. Codes do not recommend corrosion inhibitors alone for ensuring corrosion protection of steel bars in severe environments for 100+ years. While corrosion inhibitors may be suitable for small repair works due to variable concrete quality, their long-term performance is not well documented and inhibitors can leach out over time, reducing protection.
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Corrosion control by inhibitor
Corrosion inhibitors are chemical substances that minimize or prevent corrosion when added in small concentrations to an environment. They work by forming protective films on metal surfaces or reacting with corrosive components. Inhibitors can be inorganic, like chromates and nitrites, or organic compounds. They are applied through continuous injection, batch treatment, or squeeze treatment. The efficiency of an inhibitor depends on its concentration and ability to form protective barrier films on metals. Scavengers like hydrazine and sodium sulfite are also used to remove oxygen which promotes corrosion. Inhibitors find applications in various industries like petroleum, packaging, sour gas, and cooling systems.
Corrosion inhibitors.ppt
Corrosion inhibitors are substances that, when added in small amounts to an aqueous corrosive environment, decrease the corrosion of a metal. There are two types of inhibitors: anodic inhibitors form protective films on metal surfaces to reduce corrosion at anodes, while cathodic inhibitors either slow the diffusion of hydrogen ions or increase the overvoltage of hydrogen evolution to reduce corrosion at cathodes. Common examples of both types of inhibitors are listed.
Corrosion prevention
This document discusses various methods for preventing corrosion of metals. It begins by introducing the importance of preventing corrosion, which causes huge economic losses. The main methods discussed are modifying the material through coatings or alloys to increase corrosion resistance, using corrosion inhibitors, cathodic protection, and protective coatings. For coatings, it describes metallic coatings like electroplating, electroless plating and zinc coatings, as well as inorganic coatings like anodized aluminum coatings. It also discusses factors that affect the corrosion rate like the metal's purity, environment pH, and presence of impurities.
Pitting Corrosion_Rahul
Pitting corrosion is a localized form of corrosion that leads to the formation of small cavities or holes in the material. It occurs when small areas become active (anodic) while the surrounding areas remain passive (cathodic). This creates galvanic cells that drive the corrosion process. Pitting corrosion initiates at defects on the material surface and then propagates in an autocatalytic manner. It is most common in alloys protected by a passive film when exposed to environments containing chlorides, oxygen, and stagnant conditions. Proper material selection, surface finishing, controlling environmental factors like pH and chloride levels, and using protective coatings or cathodic protection can help prevent pitting corrosion.
Protection of metals from corrosion
This document discusses various methods for protecting metals from corrosion. It first defines corrosion as the deterioration of materials through chemical interaction with the environment. It then explains that oxygen, humidity, and chemical salts are common causes of corrosion. The document goes on to describe several protection methods, including barrier protection using paints, oils, or electroplating; sacrificial protection using more reactive metals; and cathodic protection of underground pipes using more electropositive anodes.
Corrosion in piping
Corrosion is an electrochemical process that naturally degrades metals over time when exposed to substances in the environment. It is one of the main causes of metal destruction and a major factor that can damage gas pipes. The impact of corrosion costs billions globally each year in direct losses from damaged equipment and indirect losses from things like production stoppages. Various types of corrosion can occur in pipes, including uniform, pitting, stress cracking, erosion, galvanic, and crevice corrosion. Cathodic protection and corrosion inhibitors are common methods to prevent or slow corrosion in pipes. Thermodynamics describes how corrosion occurs as metals naturally transition to a lower energy state by recombining with elements in their environment.
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Definitions, Major Causes of Corrosion,Other Causes of Corrosion, Forms Of Corrosion, How Does corrosion Happen ?,The Process of Corrosion (Five facts)
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Comparison between Different metals.
Corrosion Prevention.
Corrosion monitoring.
Side effects of Prevention Methods.
Conclusion.
Corrosion basic
Corrosion in oil and gas operations can be caused by various factors including salt water, H2S, CO2, oxygen, bacteria, pH, temperature, and pressure. Different types of corrosion include galvanic, crevice, pitting, stress corrosion, and erosion corrosion. Proper materials selection and corrosion management strategies are needed to prevent corrosion from negatively impacting well integrity and operations over the life of a well.
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Corrosion control by inhibitor
Corrosion inhibitors are chemical substances that minimize or prevent corrosion when added in small concentrations to an environment. They work by forming protective films on metal surfaces or reacting with corrosive components. Inhibitors can be inorganic, like chromates and nitrites, or organic compounds. They are applied through continuous injection, batch treatment, or squeeze treatment. The efficiency of an inhibitor depends on its concentration and ability to form protective barrier films on metals. Scavengers like hydrazine and sodium sulfite are also used to remove oxygen which promotes corrosion. Inhibitors find applications in various industries like petroleum, packaging, sour gas, and cooling systems.
Corrosion inhibitors.ppt
Corrosion inhibitors are substances that, when added in small amounts to an aqueous corrosive environment, decrease the corrosion of a metal. There are two types of inhibitors: anodic inhibitors form protective films on metal surfaces to reduce corrosion at anodes, while cathodic inhibitors either slow the diffusion of hydrogen ions or increase the overvoltage of hydrogen evolution to reduce corrosion at cathodes. Common examples of both types of inhibitors are listed.
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This document discusses various methods for preventing corrosion of metals. It begins by introducing the importance of preventing corrosion, which causes huge economic losses. The main methods discussed are modifying the material through coatings or alloys to increase corrosion resistance, using corrosion inhibitors, cathodic protection, and protective coatings. For coatings, it describes metallic coatings like electroplating, electroless plating and zinc coatings, as well as inorganic coatings like anodized aluminum coatings. It also discusses factors that affect the corrosion rate like the metal's purity, environment pH, and presence of impurities.
Pitting Corrosion_Rahul
Pitting corrosion is a localized form of corrosion that leads to the formation of small cavities or holes in the material. It occurs when small areas become active (anodic) while the surrounding areas remain passive (cathodic). This creates galvanic cells that drive the corrosion process. Pitting corrosion initiates at defects on the material surface and then propagates in an autocatalytic manner. It is most common in alloys protected by a passive film when exposed to environments containing chlorides, oxygen, and stagnant conditions. Proper material selection, surface finishing, controlling environmental factors like pH and chloride levels, and using protective coatings or cathodic protection can help prevent pitting corrosion.
Protection of metals from corrosion
This document discusses various methods for protecting metals from corrosion. It first defines corrosion as the deterioration of materials through chemical interaction with the environment. It then explains that oxygen, humidity, and chemical salts are common causes of corrosion. The document goes on to describe several protection methods, including barrier protection using paints, oils, or electroplating; sacrificial protection using more reactive metals; and cathodic protection of underground pipes using more electropositive anodes.
Corrosion in piping
Corrosion is an electrochemical process that naturally degrades metals over time when exposed to substances in the environment. It is one of the main causes of metal destruction and a major factor that can damage gas pipes. The impact of corrosion costs billions globally each year in direct losses from damaged equipment and indirect losses from things like production stoppages. Various types of corrosion can occur in pipes, including uniform, pitting, stress cracking, erosion, galvanic, and crevice corrosion. Cathodic protection and corrosion inhibitors are common methods to prevent or slow corrosion in pipes. Thermodynamics describes how corrosion occurs as metals naturally transition to a lower energy state by recombining with elements in their environment.
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Comparison between Different metals.
Corrosion Prevention.
Corrosion monitoring.
Side effects of Prevention Methods.
Conclusion.
Corrosion basic
Corrosion in oil and gas operations can be caused by various factors including salt water, H2S, CO2, oxygen, bacteria, pH, temperature, and pressure. Different types of corrosion include galvanic, crevice, pitting, stress corrosion, and erosion corrosion. Proper materials selection and corrosion management strategies are needed to prevent corrosion from negatively impacting well integrity and operations over the life of a well.
Corrosion Process and Control
1. Corrosion is the degradation of materials like steel through chemical or electrochemical reaction with surrounding media like water and oxygen, forming rust (iron hydroxide).
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3. Methods to mitigate corrosion include protective coatings like paint and cathodic protection systems that use sacrificial anodes or impressed current to redirect corrosion to the anode from the protected structure. Surface preparation, coating selection, application, and achieving the proper dry film thickness are important.
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This document discusses different theories and types of corrosion. It begins by introducing corrosion as the formation of compounds on a metal's surface through chemical reaction with its environment. It then summarizes three main theories of corrosion: (1) the acid theory involving reaction with carbon dioxide, moisture and oxygen; (2) the chemical theory involving direct reaction with gases like oxygen; and (3) the electrochemical theory involving the formation of anodes and cathodes when a metal is in contact with a conducting liquid. The document goes on to describe eight common types of corrosion in more detail.
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Update 26 June 2019: I have enabled the Download option and now everyone can download the "Types of corrosions" PPT and reuse the slides :) I wish I have done this earlier.
Follow my blogs at https://www.geekdashboard.com/
Principles of corrosion
A presentation giving the basic principles of corrosion. Electrochemical nature of corrosion, anodic and cathodic reactions, electrode potentials, mixed potential theory and kinetics of corrosion, thermodynamics of corrosion and Pourbaix diagrams, and passivization behavior of metals are outlined.
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This document discusses corrosion, its causes, types, and methods of prevention. Corrosion is the degradation of materials through reaction with their environment. Common types include uniform corrosion, galvanic corrosion, and pitting corrosion. Prevention methods include using sacrificial materials, coating surfaces with primers or barrier coatings, cathodic protection like galvanization or impressed current, and regular maintenance. Understanding corrosion allows better material selection and protection to reduce economic losses.
Different types of corrosion
1. Electrochemical corrosion occurs via oxidation and reduction reactions when a metal is in contact with an electrolyte like an acid or salt solution. Electrons generated through oxidation must be consumed in reduction reactions.
2. There are several types of electrochemical corrosion including galvanic, pitting, differential aeration, water line, crevice, stress, and intragranular corrosion.
3. Galvanic corrosion occurs when two dissimilar metals are in electrical contact in a corrosive environment, leading to accelerated corrosion of the metal with the lower reduction potential. Common examples include zinc anodes on copper or steel structures.
Corrosin Basic
The document discusses corrosion from multiple perspectives. It defines corrosion as the deterioration of metals through chemical or electrochemical reactions with the environment. It notes that understanding chemistry, electrochemistry, and metallurgy is important for understanding corrosion. Corrosion can damage infrastructure and equipment by reducing strength, changing dimensions, and contaminating products. The costs of corrosion are high, with estimates of billions of dollars spent annually to address corrosion in areas like pipelines, structures, and water systems. Proper application of corrosion prevention and control techniques can help reduce these costs.
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protection, sacrificial anode modifications in design.
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1. Corrosion is the degradation of materials like steel through chemical or electrochemical reaction with surrounding media like water and oxygen, forming rust (iron hydroxide).
2. Several types of corrosion are described, including uniform corrosion, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion, pitting corrosion, erosion corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, fatigue corrosion, and microbiologically influenced corrosion.
3. Methods to mitigate corrosion include protective coatings like paint and cathodic protection systems that use sacrificial anodes or impressed current to redirect corrosion to the anode from the protected structure. Surface preparation, coating selection, application, and achieving the proper dry film thickness are important.
Corrosion presentation
Corrosion is a natural process, which converts a refined metal to a more chemically-stable form, such as its oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide. It is the gradual destruction of materials (usually metals) by chemical and/or electrochemical reaction with their environment. Corrosion engineering is the field dedicated to controlling and stopping corrosion.
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Virtually all engineering materials will corrode or decay over time when exposed to their environment. The rate of decay depends on the material and conditions. Like the human body, materials require protection from extreme temperatures, pressures, and harmful gases through coatings, inhibitors, alloys, maintenance and inspection. Corrosion causes the disintegration of materials into constituent atoms via chemical reactions with the surroundings like oxygen, and reduces material strength, lifetime and properties. Data on corrosion rates helps determine if a material is suitable for an application, with over 50 mils per year generally unsuitable. Common types of corrosion include uniform, galvanic, pitting, stress, erosion and microbial. Protections methods aim to control reactions or provide permanent barriers
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This document discusses different theories and types of corrosion. It begins by introducing corrosion as the formation of compounds on a metal's surface through chemical reaction with its environment. It then summarizes three main theories of corrosion: (1) the acid theory involving reaction with carbon dioxide, moisture and oxygen; (2) the chemical theory involving direct reaction with gases like oxygen; and (3) the electrochemical theory involving the formation of anodes and cathodes when a metal is in contact with a conducting liquid. The document goes on to describe eight common types of corrosion in more detail.
Corrosion resistant materials
This document discusses corrosion resistant materials for extreme environments. It begins with an introduction that defines corrosion and extreme environments. It then reviews literature on the corrosion properties of various nickel alloys, high entropy alloys, and MCrAlY coatings. Next, it describes various corrosion resistant metals like stainless steels, nickel and aluminum alloys. It discusses recent developments in high entropy alloys and metal coatings. Finally, it provides two case studies on corrosion issues in nuclear power plants and gas turbine blades.
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Update 26 June 2019: I have enabled the Download option and now everyone can download the "Types of corrosions" PPT and reuse the slides :) I wish I have done this earlier.
Follow my blogs at https://www.geekdashboard.com/
Principles of corrosion
A presentation giving the basic principles of corrosion. Electrochemical nature of corrosion, anodic and cathodic reactions, electrode potentials, mixed potential theory and kinetics of corrosion, thermodynamics of corrosion and Pourbaix diagrams, and passivization behavior of metals are outlined.
Protection of material from the corrosion
This document discusses corrosion, its causes, types, and methods of prevention. Corrosion is the degradation of materials through reaction with their environment. Common types include uniform corrosion, galvanic corrosion, and pitting corrosion. Prevention methods include using sacrificial materials, coating surfaces with primers or barrier coatings, cathodic protection like galvanization or impressed current, and regular maintenance. Understanding corrosion allows better material selection and protection to reduce economic losses.
Different types of corrosion
1. Electrochemical corrosion occurs via oxidation and reduction reactions when a metal is in contact with an electrolyte like an acid or salt solution. Electrons generated through oxidation must be consumed in reduction reactions.
2. There are several types of electrochemical corrosion including galvanic, pitting, differential aeration, water line, crevice, stress, and intragranular corrosion.
3. Galvanic corrosion occurs when two dissimilar metals are in electrical contact in a corrosive environment, leading to accelerated corrosion of the metal with the lower reduction potential. Common examples include zinc anodes on copper or steel structures.
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The document discusses corrosion from multiple perspectives. It defines corrosion as the deterioration of metals through chemical or electrochemical reactions with the environment. It notes that understanding chemistry, electrochemistry, and metallurgy is important for understanding corrosion. Corrosion can damage infrastructure and equipment by reducing strength, changing dimensions, and contaminating products. The costs of corrosion are high, with estimates of billions of dollars spent annually to address corrosion in areas like pipelines, structures, and water systems. Proper application of corrosion prevention and control techniques can help reduce these costs.
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Cathodic protection
Corrosion is the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction with the environment, usually affecting metals. Cathodic protection is a method of corrosion control that protects buried or submerged metallic structures by supplying an external cathodic current to move the structure's electrochemical potential into the immune range. There are two main types of cathodic protection systems - sacrificial anode systems which use more reactive "sacrificial" metals to corrode instead of the protected structure, and impressed current systems which use an external DC source and insoluble anodes to supply current to the structure. Cathodic protection is widely used to protect structures like pipelines, storage tanks, ship hulls, and reinforced concrete.
Corrosion Testing's: OCP, LPR, and PD
The document discusses various corrosion testing techniques presented by Dr. Muhammad Ali Siddiqui of NED University of Engineering and Technology in Karachi, Pakistan. It describes open circuit potential (OCP) measurements, linear polarization resistance (LPR) testing, and potentiodynamic polarization measurements (PDMs). LPR uses the slope of the potential-current plot near corrosion potential to determine polarization resistance and corrosion rate. PDMs involve sweeping the potential from active to passive regions to obtain corrosion current, potentials, and characteristics of passive films. The document provides experimental procedures, examples, and data analysis for these electrochemical corrosion testing methods.
corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete
It includes mechanism of corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete. It includes concepts like passivation, chloride ingress and chloride binding. It deals with the durablity aspects of a concrete structure.
Corrosion on Concrete
Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete can occur through chemical or electrochemical reactions between the steel and its environment. This leads to deterioration of the steel and surrounding concrete. Corrosion occurs in two periods - an initiation period where the steel's protective layer is compromised, and a propagation period where corrosion spreads. Factors like concrete quality, chloride levels, cracks, and steel type influence corrosion rates. Corrosion causes issues like concrete cracking, spalling and bar snapping. Protection methods include coatings, cathodic protection, corrosion inhibitors, and improving concrete quality.
Corrosive Damage In Metals & Its Prevention
Corrosion is the degradation of materials due to reaction with the environment. It affects metals, non-metals, and living tissues, causing damage like material loss and increased costs. Proper material selection, design modifications, environmental control, and protective coatings or cathodic protection can prevent a majority of corrosion damage and reduce annual economic losses estimated to be 3-5% of global GDP.
Methods to prevent corrosion
Electrochemical Protection or Cathodic Protection uses two methods to protect metal surfaces from corrosion. Sacrificial anodic protection connects the metal to a more reactive metal like zinc or magnesium that corrodes instead of the protected metal. Impressed current cathodic protection uses an electrical current to force the metal to behave as a cathode. There are also several metallic coating methods to apply a protective layer to metals including hot dipping, electroplating, metal spraying, metal cladding, and cementation. Organic coatings like paints, varnishes, enamels, and lacquers provide protection by forming a barrier film on the metal surface.
Corrosion and its Control
Corrosion: Definition and significance of corrosion, mechanism of chemical (dry) and
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corrosion. Protection from corrosion; protective coatings-galvanization and tinning, cathodic
protection, sacrificial anode modifications in design.
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COATINGS TO REINFORCEMENT
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Seminar1.pptx
corrosion in rcc, prevention, control, effects, latest studies on corrosion, Although reinforced concrete structures are able to withstand towards a variety of adverse environmental conditions, reinforcement corrosion could lead to concrete structure deterioration. The present study examines four different ways of using corrosion inhibitors against pitting corrosion. In particular, it was investigated the chloride penetration resistance of reinforced cement mortars using corrosion inhibitor applied in three different, The corrosion behavior of the specimens was evaluated by electrochemical methods such as Linear Polarization Resistance and Half-cell Potential Resistance. In addition, the mass loss of steel rebars against time of partially immersion in sodium chloride (NaCl) solution was carried out in the lab. The experimental results showed that the corrosion systems examined in the study provide anticorrosion protection on steel rebars against chlorides comparing with the reference group.
tm
Metcraft Engineering is a leading manufacturer of hot dip galvanized structures and products in India. This includes pre-engineered buildings, equipment support structures, process plant structures, pipe racks, solar panel mounting structures, transmission line towers, and galvanized rebar. Hot dip galvanizing provides superior corrosion protection for steel by metallurgically bonding zinc to the steel surface. Galvanized rebar increases the life of reinforcing steel by over 300% and tests have shown galvanized rebar to have equal or better bond strength and corrosion resistance compared to black rebar. The document discusses the advantages of galvanized rebar over epoxy coated rebar for corrosion protection in concrete structures.
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Faircrete c
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To investigate combined influence of steel fiber and silicafume on high stren...
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CORROSION INHIBITORS (1).pptx
- 2. Type of Corrosion Protection •As per NACE international, “a corrosion inhibitor is a substance when added to an environment, either continuously or intermittently to prevent corrosion by forming a passive film on the metal.” •However, the performance of an inhibitor in concrete is a function of numerous inter-related factors that is difficult to be predicted. Hence formation of the passive layer on the steel is not guaranteed. •Fusion Bonded Epoxy Coating is barrier layer coating which is directly applied to the steel bar surface. Hence, corrosion inhibitors can be described as secondary protection which alone will not ensure corrosion protection to steel bars.
- 3. Codal Provisions Corrosion Inhibitor is not recommended for corrosion protection for steel reinforcement bars under Durability Recommendations for Service Life of at Least 100 Years Does not recommend corrosion inhibitors for corrosion protection for steel reinforcement bars for severe environment. IRC 112-2020 Code of practice for concrete road bridges IRC SP 80-2008 Corrosion Resistance
- 4. Performance Performance of corrosion inhibitors is not documented much to provide conclusive evidence of its effectiveness. Based of studies and reports, manufacturers suggest different corrosion inhibitor dosage in concrete based on environment factors. However, behavior of these inhibtors also change based on the grade and quality of concrete. Hence it is very difficult to achieve same performance in large valumes of concrete. Hence, corrosion inhibtors are suggested for use in repar works where concrete volume is less. If the corrosion inhibitor dosage is higer or lower than the needed dosage will result in non formation of the passive layer, hence leading to inefficient protection of the steel rebars. Some inhibitors get leached out over an extended period of exposure.
- 5. Applications Corrosion Inhibitors can find application in repair works of small volume as it is difficult to achieve perfect batches of concrete over a large scale.