This presentation provides information about coronaviruses and COVID-19. It defines coronaviruses as large viruses that can infect animals and humans, causing respiratory illnesses ranging from the common cold to SARS and MERS. COVID-19 is the disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019. The presentation describes the classification, structure, and life cycle of coronaviruses. It outlines the symptoms of COVID-19 infection and how the virus spreads between people through respiratory droplets. Diagnosis is through tests like ELISA and PCR, while treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and recovery is possible, but some cases may require hospitalization.

1. WELCOME
TO MY
PRESENTATION

2. Coronavirus
PRESENTED BY:-
Sheikh Mohammad Talha
BPH in RCH
Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS)

3. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses which may cause illness in
animals or humans. In humans, several coronaviruses are known to
cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold to more
severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS)
and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The most recently
discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19.
COVID-19 is the infectious disease caused by the most recently
discovered coronavirus. This new virus and disease were unknown
before the outbreak began in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.

4. Classification :
Family: Coronaviridae
 Gender: Coronavirus
 Genome: linear single-stranded RNA +
 Pleomorphic, Wrapped
 80 to 220 nm
 30 serotypes

5. Characteristics:
Spherical or helical.
60-200 nm. in diameter.
Total RNA without segmentation, positive sense.
Surface antigens are glycoproteins and nucleoproteins
internally.
Glycoproteins were characterized:
E1. Transmembrane.
E2. Adhesion to the cell membrane.

6. Characteristics:
Protein S. Form projected responsible for stimulating neutralizing
antibody and interaction with cellular receptors.
Bind to cells via specific receptors.
Enter through membrane fusion.
In the cytoplasm, the viral RNA is translated by the host
machinery.
Viral proteins are synthesized, assembled, are fused to the cell
membrane and the virus out.

7. Characteristics:
S – spike(receptor binding cell fusion).
E – envelope (small: envelope protein, not as abundant asS).
M – membrane protein (transmembrane budding andenvelope
formation)

8. Diagram of
Coronavirus Virion
S

9. A picture of
a coronavirus
as seen
through an
“electron
microscope”

10. They are transmitted by aerosols secretions
respiratory.
It has an incubation period of 2 days to a
week, eliminating virus for one week.
Infection:

11. Infection:
The virus replicates in the cytoplasm of the cell host, mend in the
endoplasmic reticulum and pass the Golgi cisternae until they are finally
released by exocytose.
Are responsible for up to 15% of colds, taking more often in the winter and
beginning of the spring with a characteristic periodicity of 2-4 years

12. Symptoms:
Symptoms can range from mild illness to pneumonia.
Some people will recover easily, and others may get
very sick very quickly. People with coronavirus may
experience:
fever
flu-like symptoms such as coughing, sore throat
and fatigue
shortness of breath

13. How it spreads
There is evidence that the virus spreads from
person-to-person.
The virus is most likely spread through:
Close contact with an infectious person
Contact with droplets from an infected person’s
cough or sneeze
Touching objects or surfaces (like doorknobs or
tables) that have cough or sneeze droplets from an
infected person, and then touching your mouth or
face

14. Laboratory Diagnosis
ELISA
PCR

15. Treatment
Currently, no antiviral medication is recommended to treat COVID-19.
Treatment is directed at relieving symptoms and may include: Pain
relievers, Cough syrup or medication & Rest Fluid intake.
If your doctor thinks you can be treated at home, he or she may give you
special instructions, such as to isolate yourself as much as possible from
family while you're sick and to stay home for a period of time. If you're very
ill, you may need to be treated in the hospital.

16. Corticosteroids should not be routinely given
systemically, according to WHO interim
guidance.
A randomized controlled trial has been initiated
quickly to assess the efficacy and safety of
combined use of lopinavir/ritonavir in patients
hospitalized with COVID-19 infection.

18. Any Questions..?