This document discusses information about COVID-19 including:
- Understanding the basics of COVID-19 and how to establish an operational framework to respond.
- COVID-19 spreads through respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces. Basic precautions like hand hygiene and cough etiquette can help reduce spread.
- Common symptoms include fever, cough and tiredness while serious symptoms include difficulty breathing. Older people and those with pre-existing conditions are most at risk of severe illness.
Public responsibilities in the fight against covid 19 by priya PriyaSathe1
The document discusses COVID-19 and prevention methods. It summarizes that COVID-19 cases are growing rapidly in India as in other countries initially. Basic hygiene like hand washing and coughing into elbows can help slow the spread. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets and surfaces, and people should practice social distancing, hand washing, and staying home when sick to help prevent transmission.
The document discusses Coronaviruses including their genome structure, appearance under electron microscopy, common strains that infect humans such as SARS and MERS, symptoms of COVID-19 including less common symptoms and serious symptoms, methods of transmission, prevention techniques like social distancing, hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, definitions of suspect/probable infected individuals and types of contacts, and strategies for community-based surveillance.
Coronavirus Protection and Actions: Creative Illustration in PowerPointPeter Zvirinsky
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). The most recently discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19. See our infographics on how you can protect yourself from coronavirus.
This is a demo presentation of PPT graphics for education purposes. Free for any non-commercial use, public health, government and educational institutions.
Contact us: www.infoDiagram.com
This document provides guidance on the prevention, control, diagnosis and management of COVID-19. It summarizes the key details of the coronavirus including its pathogenic characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria. It outlines treatment recommendations for confirmed cases including general treatment, antiviral treatment, traditional Chinese medicine, treatment of severe/critical cases, and salvage treatment. The document also discusses prevention and control measures including surveillance, epidemiological investigation, management of close contacts, guidelines for specific populations like the elderly and children, and responsibilities of different organizations.
This document discusses information about COVID-19 including:
- Understanding the basics of COVID-19 and how to establish an operational framework to respond.
- COVID-19 spreads through respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces. Basic precautions like hand hygiene and cough etiquette can help reduce spread.
- Common symptoms include fever, cough and tiredness while serious symptoms include difficulty breathing. Older people and those with pre-existing conditions are most at risk of severe illness.
Public responsibilities in the fight against covid 19 by priya PriyaSathe1
The document discusses COVID-19 and prevention methods. It summarizes that COVID-19 cases are growing rapidly in India as in other countries initially. Basic hygiene like hand washing and coughing into elbows can help slow the spread. The virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets and surfaces, and people should practice social distancing, hand washing, and staying home when sick to help prevent transmission.
The document discusses Coronaviruses including their genome structure, appearance under electron microscopy, common strains that infect humans such as SARS and MERS, symptoms of COVID-19 including less common symptoms and serious symptoms, methods of transmission, prevention techniques like social distancing, hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, definitions of suspect/probable infected individuals and types of contacts, and strategies for community-based surveillance.
Coronavirus Protection and Actions: Creative Illustration in PowerPointPeter Zvirinsky
Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). The most recently discovered coronavirus causes coronavirus disease COVID-19. See our infographics on how you can protect yourself from coronavirus.
This is a demo presentation of PPT graphics for education purposes. Free for any non-commercial use, public health, government and educational institutions.
Contact us: www.infoDiagram.com
This document provides guidance on the prevention, control, diagnosis and management of COVID-19. It summarizes the key details of the coronavirus including its pathogenic characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, clinical manifestations and diagnostic criteria. It outlines treatment recommendations for confirmed cases including general treatment, antiviral treatment, traditional Chinese medicine, treatment of severe/critical cases, and salvage treatment. The document also discusses prevention and control measures including surveillance, epidemiological investigation, management of close contacts, guidelines for specific populations like the elderly and children, and responsibilities of different organizations.
This document provides information about the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, including key statistics, symptoms, transmission methods, incubation period, at-risk groups, and prevention methods. It highlights that COVID-19 first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has since spread globally. Key statistics include over 500,000 total global cases as of March 2020, with Italy and China as the global epicenters and over 24,000 total deaths worldwide. Common symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath. The incubation period is 2-14 days. Prevention methods discussed include hand washing, social distancing, wearing masks and avoiding travel.
YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM - Your best weapon and defense against the virus infection is your immune system. In this research keynote slides, you will find ways to boost and strengthen your immunity to fight all odds.
For more suggestions, do reach to me with regards to general health and immune-boosting food.
whats app +46 70 8 939896
ashar@hotmail.se
This document provides information about COVID-19 from its origins and symptoms to prevention and treatment. It begins with an introduction of COVID-19, describing how it was first identified in November 2019 and has since spread globally. Module 1 discusses the virus' pneumonia-like symptoms and lack of effective antiviral drugs. Subsequent modules cover COVID-19's definition and causes, clinical features, diagnostic evaluation, prophylaxis and treatment options, current prevalence globally and in India/UP, and important prevention methods like hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, and social distancing. The document aims to educate about the pandemic virus and slowing its spread.
Overview of corona virus,types, outbreak,mechanism,causes, diagnosis,prevention,treatment.
Reference :
1)https://www.who.int/emergencies/disea...
2)nucleus medical media
3)https://www.alilamedicalmedia.com/m/-.
This document provides an overview of COVID-19 including its history, current global situation, transmission factors, clinical presentation, case definitions, laboratory diagnosis, management, and infection prevention strategies. It discusses how the virus was first detected in China in late 2019 and has since spread globally. Key points covered include the virus's pathogenesis, symptoms that can include fever and respiratory issues, diagnostic testing through samples like sputum, and treatment involving isolation, supportive care, and infection control measures.
This document provides an overview of COVID-19, including its epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, symptoms, transmission, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and nursing interventions. It notes that over 3.3 million new cases were reported globally in the past week, with nearly 46 million total cases and 1.2 million deaths. Common symptoms include fever, cough, and fatigue, while severe symptoms can include trouble breathing, organ failure, and death. The main modes of transmission are respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, as there is no vaccine or antiviral specifically for COVID-19. Prevention emphasizes hand hygiene, physical distancing, and use of face coverings.
COVID-19 disease is a highly infectious disease caused by a newly (novel) identified coronavirus. COVID-19 infected patients may have mild to
moderate respiratory symptoms and can recover without any specific medical management. But few experience severe symptoms and lead to
mortality. COVID-19 is announced by WHO as a global pandemic. It is very critical to take appropriate decisions and timely management and
prevention of the infection.
Keywords: COVID-19, Diagnostic test, Management of COVID19, Pandemic, Pathophysiology, Signs, Symptoms.
Prevention, awareness and management program on n covid 19girjeshpharmacist
This document provides information on COVID-19 prevention and awareness. It discusses the introduction of COVID-19, how it is transmitted, signs and symptoms, detection and diagnosis. It also outlines prevention methods like hand washing, social distancing and respiratory hygiene. The document explains isolation versus quarantine and busts common myths. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of following WHO, CDC and government guidelines to prevent transmission and protect health.
This document discusses COVID-19 and provides information about signs, symptoms, transmission, treatment, and prevention. It begins with an introduction that defines COVID-19 as a new infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Statistics about global and local COVID-19 cases and deaths are then presented. Common symptoms like fever, cough and difficulty breathing are described. The document emphasizes that over 80% of people recover without special treatment and outlines testing, handling of patients, and infection control procedures. It concludes with guidance on protective measures like hand washing, social distancing and mask wearing to prevent spread of the disease.
- The document discusses COVID-19, providing details on its origins in Wuhan, China in December 2019, symptoms, transmission, screening procedures, and prevention methods. It outlines that COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus that causes respiratory illness, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Prevention focuses on hand washing, social distancing, and isolation of suspected cases.
The document provides information on precautions to take regarding COVID-19 at home and work. It discusses how the coronavirus spreads through droplets from coughing or sneezing. Symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath. It recommends avoiding close contact with sick people, covering coughs and sneezes, frequent hand washing, and cleaning surfaces. If sick, it advises staying home and contacting a healthcare provider if symptoms worsen.
The document discusses COVID-19 and the global response. It provides a timeline of the virus from its origins in Wuhan, China in December 2019 to its declaration as a pandemic. It outlines symptoms of COVID-19 and methods of prevention. The roles of WHO, the Indian government, and the Tamil Nadu government in responding to the pandemic are described. Personal reflections on learning during the pandemic and the role of students in prevention are shared.
The document provides guidelines for healthcare facilities on infection prevention and control strategies for patients under investigation for COVID-19 or those confirmed to have COVID-19. It recommends prompt detection, triage and isolation of potential patients, use of personal protective equipment by staff, cleaning and disinfection, and communicating with public health authorities.
CORONA VIRUS & it’s effect on daily lifeDanao Maibam
The world is facing a challenging. An essential key to combat COVID-19 is to be educated and be familiar to the disease itself and to plan strategies that will help the world win the fight against the crisis.
The document discusses COVID-19 and provides information about coronaviruses, COVID-19 symptoms, and prevention methods. It explains that coronaviruses can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to SARS. COVID-19 is a new coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has become a pandemic. Common symptoms include fever, cough, and tiredness, while some may experience additional symptoms like aches, sore throat, and diarrhea. To protect oneself, the document recommends avoiding large gatherings, practicing social distancing and good hand hygiene, as well as cleaning and disinfecting. There is currently no vaccine for COVID-19, but symptoms can be treated with supportive care.
The document provides information on symptoms of swine flu, emergency warning signs, revised testing guidelines for influenza A(H1N1) that allow testing and home isolation for mild cases, and steps to lessen the spread of flu in the home such as keeping the sick person isolated, frequent hand washing, and cleaning surfaces.
Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. mechsnism, pathogenesis and causes, transmission,symptoms and therapeutic strategies
Published by karuna raghuwanshi,M.pharma II semester (pharmaceutics),Pharmacy department.
This document provides an overview of COVID-19 and summarizes key information about the virus. It discusses that COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. The document covers epidemiology of the virus, symptoms, at-risk groups, testing guidelines, treatment approaches which are currently symptomatic, and prevention methods like hand washing and social distancing. It also summarizes guidance on specimen collection, laboratory testing, and current investigational drugs and vaccines being explored to tackle the pandemic.
This document provides information about the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, including key statistics, symptoms, transmission methods, incubation period, at-risk groups, and prevention methods. It highlights that COVID-19 first emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has since spread globally. Key statistics include over 500,000 total global cases as of March 2020, with Italy and China as the global epicenters and over 24,000 total deaths worldwide. Common symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath. The incubation period is 2-14 days. Prevention methods discussed include hand washing, social distancing, wearing masks and avoiding travel.
YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM - Your best weapon and defense against the virus infection is your immune system. In this research keynote slides, you will find ways to boost and strengthen your immunity to fight all odds.
For more suggestions, do reach to me with regards to general health and immune-boosting food.
whats app +46 70 8 939896
ashar@hotmail.se
This document provides information about COVID-19 from its origins and symptoms to prevention and treatment. It begins with an introduction of COVID-19, describing how it was first identified in November 2019 and has since spread globally. Module 1 discusses the virus' pneumonia-like symptoms and lack of effective antiviral drugs. Subsequent modules cover COVID-19's definition and causes, clinical features, diagnostic evaluation, prophylaxis and treatment options, current prevalence globally and in India/UP, and important prevention methods like hand hygiene, respiratory hygiene, and social distancing. The document aims to educate about the pandemic virus and slowing its spread.
Overview of corona virus,types, outbreak,mechanism,causes, diagnosis,prevention,treatment.
Reference :
1)https://www.who.int/emergencies/disea...
2)nucleus medical media
3)https://www.alilamedicalmedia.com/m/-.
This document provides an overview of COVID-19 including its history, current global situation, transmission factors, clinical presentation, case definitions, laboratory diagnosis, management, and infection prevention strategies. It discusses how the virus was first detected in China in late 2019 and has since spread globally. Key points covered include the virus's pathogenesis, symptoms that can include fever and respiratory issues, diagnostic testing through samples like sputum, and treatment involving isolation, supportive care, and infection control measures.
This document provides an overview of COVID-19, including its epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, symptoms, transmission, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and nursing interventions. It notes that over 3.3 million new cases were reported globally in the past week, with nearly 46 million total cases and 1.2 million deaths. Common symptoms include fever, cough, and fatigue, while severe symptoms can include trouble breathing, organ failure, and death. The main modes of transmission are respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, as there is no vaccine or antiviral specifically for COVID-19. Prevention emphasizes hand hygiene, physical distancing, and use of face coverings.
COVID-19 disease is a highly infectious disease caused by a newly (novel) identified coronavirus. COVID-19 infected patients may have mild to
moderate respiratory symptoms and can recover without any specific medical management. But few experience severe symptoms and lead to
mortality. COVID-19 is announced by WHO as a global pandemic. It is very critical to take appropriate decisions and timely management and
prevention of the infection.
Keywords: COVID-19, Diagnostic test, Management of COVID19, Pandemic, Pathophysiology, Signs, Symptoms.
Prevention, awareness and management program on n covid 19girjeshpharmacist
This document provides information on COVID-19 prevention and awareness. It discusses the introduction of COVID-19, how it is transmitted, signs and symptoms, detection and diagnosis. It also outlines prevention methods like hand washing, social distancing and respiratory hygiene. The document explains isolation versus quarantine and busts common myths. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of following WHO, CDC and government guidelines to prevent transmission and protect health.
This document discusses COVID-19 and provides information about signs, symptoms, transmission, treatment, and prevention. It begins with an introduction that defines COVID-19 as a new infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Statistics about global and local COVID-19 cases and deaths are then presented. Common symptoms like fever, cough and difficulty breathing are described. The document emphasizes that over 80% of people recover without special treatment and outlines testing, handling of patients, and infection control procedures. It concludes with guidance on protective measures like hand washing, social distancing and mask wearing to prevent spread of the disease.
- The document discusses COVID-19, providing details on its origins in Wuhan, China in December 2019, symptoms, transmission, screening procedures, and prevention methods. It outlines that COVID-19 is a novel coronavirus that causes respiratory illness, with symptoms ranging from mild to severe. Prevention focuses on hand washing, social distancing, and isolation of suspected cases.
The document provides information on precautions to take regarding COVID-19 at home and work. It discusses how the coronavirus spreads through droplets from coughing or sneezing. Symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath. It recommends avoiding close contact with sick people, covering coughs and sneezes, frequent hand washing, and cleaning surfaces. If sick, it advises staying home and contacting a healthcare provider if symptoms worsen.
The document discusses COVID-19 and the global response. It provides a timeline of the virus from its origins in Wuhan, China in December 2019 to its declaration as a pandemic. It outlines symptoms of COVID-19 and methods of prevention. The roles of WHO, the Indian government, and the Tamil Nadu government in responding to the pandemic are described. Personal reflections on learning during the pandemic and the role of students in prevention are shared.
The document provides guidelines for healthcare facilities on infection prevention and control strategies for patients under investigation for COVID-19 or those confirmed to have COVID-19. It recommends prompt detection, triage and isolation of potential patients, use of personal protective equipment by staff, cleaning and disinfection, and communicating with public health authorities.
CORONA VIRUS & it’s effect on daily lifeDanao Maibam
The world is facing a challenging. An essential key to combat COVID-19 is to be educated and be familiar to the disease itself and to plan strategies that will help the world win the fight against the crisis.
The document discusses COVID-19 and provides information about coronaviruses, COVID-19 symptoms, and prevention methods. It explains that coronaviruses can cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to SARS. COVID-19 is a new coronavirus that emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and has become a pandemic. Common symptoms include fever, cough, and tiredness, while some may experience additional symptoms like aches, sore throat, and diarrhea. To protect oneself, the document recommends avoiding large gatherings, practicing social distancing and good hand hygiene, as well as cleaning and disinfecting. There is currently no vaccine for COVID-19, but symptoms can be treated with supportive care.
The document provides information on symptoms of swine flu, emergency warning signs, revised testing guidelines for influenza A(H1N1) that allow testing and home isolation for mild cases, and steps to lessen the spread of flu in the home such as keeping the sick person isolated, frequent hand washing, and cleaning surfaces.
Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. mechsnism, pathogenesis and causes, transmission,symptoms and therapeutic strategies
Published by karuna raghuwanshi,M.pharma II semester (pharmaceutics),Pharmacy department.
This document provides an overview of COVID-19 and summarizes key information about the virus. It discusses that COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. The document covers epidemiology of the virus, symptoms, at-risk groups, testing guidelines, treatment approaches which are currently symptomatic, and prevention methods like hand washing and social distancing. It also summarizes guidance on specimen collection, laboratory testing, and current investigational drugs and vaccines being explored to tackle the pandemic.
This document provides an introduction to COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes it. It discusses the virology of coronaviruses and details of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It describes the epidemiology of COVID-19, including transmission dynamics, symptoms and disease progression. It also covers variants of concern and the global and local situation of the COVID-19 pandemic.
COVID-19 is a global infectious disease pandemic with high morbidity and mortality for at risk individuals. This slide is intended for the medical students, medical doctors and those in training for masters of medicine (MMED).
This document provides information on COVID-19 including what it is, its epidemiology, transmission, clinical presentation, investigations, management, and prevention. It describes COVID-19 as a novel coronavirus that is transmitted between people and causes respiratory illness. Symptoms can range from mild to severe and include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves PCR testing of respiratory samples. Current recommendations for prevention include hand washing, social distancing, and self-isolation when sick.
- A novel coronavirus was identified in Wuhan, China in late 2019 and caused a pneumonia outbreak. It has since spread globally resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic.
- SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is transmitted primarily through respiratory droplets. It has an incubation period of up to 14 days. Clinical features range from mild to severe/critical illness.
- Diagnosis is made through RT-PCR testing of respiratory samples. Chest CT may show signs of viral pneumonia. Management involves isolation and supportive care, with investigational antiviral treatments being explored.
This document provides an overview of COVID-19 (coronavirus). It discusses the history and origins of coronaviruses, describing previous outbreaks like SARS and MERS. The symptoms, risk factors, transmission, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19 are summarized. Preventive measures like hand washing, social distancing and face masks are recommended to avoid spreading the virus.
1. Genome of corona viruses
2. Comparative analysis of emergence and spreading
3. Entry Mechanism
4. COVID-19 Case Study
5. Face mask Case Study
6. Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease
7. BCG vaccine
The document discusses COVID-19 from a risk assessment perspective. It describes how COVID-19 spreads via droplets from coughing or sneezing and falls to the ground within a few feet. The virus is classified as a high risk due to its rapid global spread and impact on health. Older adults and those with preexisting conditions are at higher risk of serious illness. While most COVID-19 cases are mild, its case fatality ratio is estimated at 6.86%, higher than for SARS or MERS. Risk can be mitigated through measures like social distancing, increased sanitation, testing and contact tracing, and use of personal protective equipment in healthcare settings. Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic must result in improved
Coronaviruses are a large family of respiratory viruses that includes COVID-19MOHAhmed18
Coronaviruses are a large family of respiratory viruses that includes COVID-19, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). Coronaviruses cause diseases in animals and humans. They often circulate among camels, cats, and bats, and can sometimes evolve and infect people.
This document provides information on the management of CoViD 19. It discusses the virology of SARS-CoV-2, symptoms of CoViD 19, transmission routes, diagnosis methods including RT-PCR testing and CT scans, treatment approaches based on illness severity from mild to severe pneumonia and ARDS, and those at high risk of severe illness such as older patients and those with underlying medical conditions. Pathology findings include diffuse alveolar damage and lymphocytic infiltrates in severe cases.
MERS-CoV is a novel coronavirus that was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012. It primarily infects the respiratory tract of camels and can be transmitted from camels to humans. Human-to-human transmission has occurred mainly in healthcare settings. Symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. There is no vaccine and management involves supportive care, though interferon and ribavirin may help critically ill patients. Travelers can reduce risk by practicing good hand hygiene and avoiding contact with sick individuals.
The document summarizes the current state of the COVID-19 pandemic. It describes the signs and symptoms of COVID-19, including headaches, loss of smell and taste, cough, and fever. It discusses the causes of COVID-19, including the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants like Delta and Omicron. It also outlines methods of diagnosis, including PCR and antigen tests, as well as prevention strategies like vaccination. Treatments discussed include medications, plasma therapy, and oxygen support. Vaccines mentioned include Covishield, Covaxin, and Sputnik V. In conclusion, it states that continued efforts are needed to curb the spread of the virus and prevent future outbreaks.
Human coronaviruses are large, enveloped RNA viruses that primarily infect the respiratory tract of humans and various animal species. They cause respiratory illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases like MERS and SARS. Coronaviruses enter cells by binding to host receptors via the spike glycoprotein and replicate their RNA genomes in the cytoplasm. While most human coronaviruses cause mild illness, the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for COVID-19 can cause more severe respiratory disease and death in some cases. Transmission is primarily through respiratory droplets and surfaces. There are currently no approved treatments but vaccines are helping to reduce cases.
This document provides information about 2019-nCoV (now known as SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes COVID-19. It discusses the virus's origin in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It describes the virus's structure and transmission methods. It also outlines the signs and symptoms of COVID-19, recommendations for prevention and treatment, and the current situation regarding confirmed cases in Bangladesh.
Coronaviruses can cause respiratory illnesses ranging from mild to lethal in humans and other animals. COVID-19 is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and was first detected in Wuhan, China in late 2019. It has since caused a global pandemic. India has had over 26 million confirmed cases as of May 2021, second only to the US. COVID-19 spreads mainly through respiratory droplets and can be transmitted from pre-symptomatic or asymptomatic carriers. Symptoms range from mild to severe and include fever, cough and shortness of breath. Diagnosis involves PCR or antibody testing. Treatment focuses on symptom relief, and those with mild or no symptoms can recover with home isolation if proper precautions are followed.
The document discusses the aetiology, pathogenesis, and clinical presentation of COVID-19. It begins by explaining that COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus first identified in China in late 2019. SARS-CoV-2 attaches to cells via the ACE2 receptor and causes respiratory illness. It can be transmitted from person to person through respiratory droplets. The document then details the virus structure, modes of transmission, risk factors for severe disease, and the multi-step process of how the virus infects cells and causes illness, including acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Similar to Human coronavirus By Dr K Selvakumar (20)
1. The document provides instructions for patients undergoing various blood and urine tests, including fasting glucose, glucose tolerance tests (GTT), and lipid profiles.
2. Patients are instructed to fast overnight for 8-12 hours and avoid foods and drinks like coffee, tea, and alcohol before certain tests.
3. The glucose tolerance test involves fasting, drinking a glucose solution, and having blood drawn at set intervals over 3 hours to test glucose levels.
Tumor markers are substances produced by cancer cells or the body's response to cancer that can be detected in blood, urine, or tissue samples. They are not diagnostic on their own but provide information to screen for, diagnose, stage, monitor treatment and determine recurrence of cancer. Common tumor markers include CEA, CA19-9, CA125, PSA, and thyroglobulin which are used for cancers like colorectal, pancreatic, ovarian, prostate and thyroid cancers respectively. While helpful for cancer management, tumor marker levels can also be elevated in non-cancerous conditions so they must be interpreted in the overall clinical context.
Urine is commonly used for diagnostic testing and monitoring disease. Proper collection and preservation of urine specimens is important to avoid preanalytical errors. There are various urine collection methods depending on the test and patient, including random, first morning, and timed collections. Preservatives like boric acid and hydrochloric acid are often used to maintain specimen stability, though some tests require no preservative. Careful instruction of patients and labeling of specimens is necessary when collecting 24-hour urine samples.
This document discusses various career options after completing an undergraduate degree in biochemistry. These include jobs in clinical laboratories, medical coding, clinical research, or pursuing further education. It notes that clinical laboratory jobs have immediate opportunities but low pay. Medical coding and clinical research are growing fields with several training programs. For further education, one can pursue a postgraduate degree part-time or full-time at colleges or universities. After postgraduation, options include jobs, research fellowships, or pursuing a Ph.D. The document provides more details on some of these options.
This document provides information on quality control and quality assurance in medical laboratories. It defines key terms like quality control, quality assurance, and quality assessment. It describes variables that can affect result quality and sources of errors. Random errors are unpredictable variations while systematic errors create biases. The document outlines Westgard rules, which are used to evaluate analytical runs and detect random and systematic errors. Steps for resolving quality control problems and minimum criteria for determining when results are out of control are also discussed.
1. A urine albumin test detects small amounts of albumin in the urine and is used to screen for early kidney disease in people with diabetes or high blood pressure.
2. Measuring both albumin and creatinine in a random urine sample allows doctors to calculate an albumin/creatinine ratio, which more accurately determines how much albumin is escaping into the urine while accounting for urine concentration.
3. Small amounts of albumin in the urine, called microalbuminuria or albuminuria, can be an early sign of kidney damage occurring several years before significant problems arise.
The document discusses acid-base balance and imbalances in the body. It provides information on:
1) How pH is measured and the normal ranges for blood and extracellular fluid. Small changes in pH can disrupt enzyme function and electrolyte levels.
2) The body produces acids through metabolism that must be buffered or excreted. It uses three main mechanisms for this - buffers, respiration, and the kidneys.
3) Acid-base imbalances occur when pH falls outside the normal range of 7.35-7.45 and can be life-threatening. The body attempts to compensate but this may only be partial depending on the underlying cause.
Solution manual for managerial accounting 18th edition by ray garrison eric n...rightmanforbloodline
Solution manual for managerial accounting 18th edition by ray garrison eric noreen and peter brewer_compressed
Solution manual for managerial accounting 18th edition by ray garrison eric noreen and peter brewer_compressed
Joker Wigs has been a one-stop-shop for hair products for over 26 years. We provide high-quality hair wigs, hair extensions, hair toppers, hair patch, and more for both men and women.
Sectional dentures for microstomia patients.pptxSatvikaPrasad
Microstomia, characterized by an abnormally small oral aperture, presents significant challenges in prosthodontic treatment, including limited access for examination, difficulties in impression making, and challenges with prosthesis insertion and removal. To manage these issues, customized impression techniques using sectional trays and elastomeric materials are employed. Prostheses may be designed in segments or with flexible materials to facilitate handling. Minimally invasive procedures and the use of digital technologies can enhance patient comfort. Education and training for patients on prosthesis care and maintenance are crucial for compliance. Regular follow-up and a multidisciplinary approach, involving collaboration with other specialists, ensure comprehensive care and improved quality of life for microstomia patients.
India Medical Devices Market: Size, Share, and In-Depth Competitive Analysis ...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, “India Medical Devices Market Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition, Opportunity and Forecast, 2019-2029,” the India Medical Devices Market was valued at USD 15.35 billion in 2023 and is anticipated to witness impressive growth in the forecast period, with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 5.35% through 2029. This growth is driven by various factors, including strategic collaborations and partnerships among leading companies, a growing population, and the increasing demand for advanced healthcare solutions.
Recent Trends
Strategic Collaborations and Partnerships
One of the most significant trends driving the India Medical Devices Market is the increasing number of collaborations and partnerships among leading companies. These alliances aim to merge the expertise of individual companies to strengthen their market position and enhance their product offerings. For instance, partnerships between local manufacturers and international companies bring advanced technologies and manufacturing techniques to the Indian market, fostering innovation and improving product quality.
Browse over XX market data Figures and spread through XX Pages and an in-depth TOC on " India Medical Devices Market.” - https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/india-medical-devices-market/8161.html
Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.Vishal kr Thakur
This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
This particular slides consist of- what is Pneumothorax,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is a summary of Pneumothorax:
Pneumothorax, also known as a collapsed lung, is a condition that occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall. This air buildup puts pressure on the lung, preventing it from expanding fully when you breathe. A pneumothorax can cause a complete or partial collapse of the lung.
English Drug and Alcohol Commissioners June 2024.pptxMatSouthwell1
Presentation made by Mat Southwell to the Harm Reduction Working Group of the English Drug and Alcohol Commissioners. Discuss stimulants, OAMT, NSP coverage and community-led approach to DCRs. Focussing on active drug user perspectives and interests
NURSING MANAGEMENT OF PATIENT WITH EMPHYSEMA .PPTblessyjannu21
Prepared by Prof. BLESSY THOMAS, VICE PRINCIPAL, FNCON, SPN.
Emphysema is a disease condition of respiratory system.
Emphysema is an abnormal permanent enlargement of the air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their walls and without obvious fibrosis.
Emphysema of lung is defined as hyper inflation of the lung ais spaces due to obstruction of non respiratory bronchioles as due to loss of elasticity of alveoli.
It is a type of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease.
It is a progressive disease of lungs.
nursing management of patient with Empyema pptblessyjannu21
prepared by Prof. BLESSY THOMAS, SPN
Empyema is a disease of respiratory system It is defines as the accumulation of thick, purulent fluid within the pleural space, often with fibrin development.
Empyema is also called pyothorax or purulent pleuritis.
It’s a condition in which pus gathers in the area between the lungs and the inner surface of the chest wall. This area is known as the pleural space.
Pus is a fluid that’s filled with immune cells, dead cells, and bacteria.
Pus in the pleural space can’t be coughed out. Instead, it needs to be drained by a needle or surgery.
Empyema usually develops after pneumonia, which is an infection of the lung tissue. it is mainly caused due in infectious micro-organisms. It can be treated with medications and other measures.
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Mental Health and well-being Presentation. Exploring innovative approaches and strategies for enhancing mental well-being. Discover cutting-edge research, effective strategies, and practical methods for fostering mental well-being.
Digital Health in India_Health Informatics Trained Manpower _DrDevTaneja_15.0...DrDevTaneja1
Digital India will need a big trained army of Health Informatics educated & trained manpower in India.
Presently, generalist IT manpower does most of the work in the healthcare industry in India. Academic Health Informatics education is not readily available at school & health university level or IT education institutions in India.
We look into the evolution of health informatics and its applications in the healthcare industry.
HIMMS TIGER resources are available to assist Health Informatics education.
Indian Health universities, IT Education institutions, and the healthcare industry must proactively collaborate to start health informatics courses on a big scale. An advocacy push from various stakeholders is also needed for this goal.
Health informatics has huge employment potential and provides a big business opportunity for the healthcare industry. A big pool of trained health informatics manpower can lead to product & service innovations on a global scale in India.
Enhancing Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Precision with Preoperative CT and MRI Im...Pristyn Care Reviews
Precision becomes a byword, most especially in such procedures as hip and knee arthroplasty. The success of these surgeries is not just dependent on the skill and experience of the surgeons but is extremely dependent on preoperative planning. Recognizing this important need, Pristyn Care commits itself to the integration of advanced imaging technologies like CT (Computed Tomography) and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) into the surgical planning process.
R3 Stem Cell Therapy: A New Hope for Women with Ovarian FailureR3 Stem Cell
Discover the groundbreaking advancements in stem cell therapy by R3 Stem Cell, offering new hope for women with ovarian failure. This innovative treatment aims to restore ovarian function, improve fertility, and enhance overall well-being, revolutionizing reproductive health for women worldwide.
Research, Monitoring and Evaluation, in Public Healthaghedogodday
This is a presentation on the overview of the role of monitoring and evaluation in public health. It describes the various components and how a robust M&E system can possitively impact the results or effectiveness of a public health intervention.
2. • Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-
CoV-2),
• Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
(MERS-CoV), or EMC/2012 (HCoV-EMC/2012), is a species of
coronavirus which infects humans, bats, and camels.
• The infecting virus is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-
stranded RNA virus which enters its host cell by binding to the
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) receptor. The species is a
member of the genus Betacoronavirus and subgenus
Merbecovirus.
• Initially called 2012 novel coronavirus (2012-nCoV) or simply
novel coronavirus (nCoV), it was first reported in 2012 after
genome sequencing of a virus isolated from sputum samples
from a person who fell ill in a 2012 outbreak of a new flu.
3. Human coronavirus NL63
• Human coronavirus NL63 or HCoV-NL63 is a species
of coronavirus that was identified in late 2004 in a seven-
month-old child with bronchiolitis in the Netherlands.
• The infecting virus is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-
stranded RNA virus which enters its host cell by the ACE2
receptor.
• Infection with the virus has been confirmed worldwide, and
has an association with many common symptoms and
diseases. Associated diseases include mild to moderate upper
respiratory tract infections, severe lower respiratory tract
infection, croup and bronchiolitis
4. Human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1)
• Human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1) is a species
of coronavirus which originated from infected mice
• The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped, positive-
sense, single-stranded RNA virus which enters its
host cell by binding to the
N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid receptor.
• The virus has the Hemagglutinin esterase (HE) gene,
which distinguishes it as a member of the genus
Betacoronavirus and subgenus Embecovirus.
• It was discovered in January 2005 in two patients in
Hong Kong
5. • Human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) is a
species of coronavirus which infects humans
and bats. The infecting virus is
an enveloped, positive-sense, single-
stranded RNA virus which enters its host cell by
binding to the APN (Alanine aminopeptidase)
receptor.
• Along with Human coronavirus OC43, it is one of
the viruses responsible for the common cold.
• The species is a member of the
genus Alphacoronavirus and
subgenus Duvinacovirus.
Human coronavirus 229E
6. • Human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) is a member of the
species Betacoronavirus 1 which infects humans and cattle.
• The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped, positive-sense,
single-stranded RNA virus which enters its host cell by
binding to the N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid receptor.
• Along with Human coronavirus 229E, it is one of the viruses
responsible for the common cold.
• It has, like other coronaviruses from genus Betacoronavirus,
subgenus Embecovirus, an additional shorter spike-like
surface protein called hemagglutinin esterase (HE).
Human coronavirus OC43
7. • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
• The disease was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since spread globally,
resulting in the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic.
• Common symptoms include fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Muscle pain, sputum
production and sore throat are less common.
• While the majority of cases result in mild symptoms, some progress to severe
pneumonia and multi-organ failure.
• As of 20 March 2020, the rate of deaths per number of diagnosed cases is 4.1%; however, it
ranges from 0.2% to 15% depending on age and other health problems.
Coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19
8. Electron Microscopic COVID 19
The basic reproduction number (Ro) of the virus has been estimated to be between 1.4 and 3.9.
This means that each infection from the virus is expected to result in 1.4 to 3.9 new infections
when no members of the community are immune and no preventive measures are taken.
9. • Each SARS-CoV-2 virion is approximately 50–200 nanometres in diameter.
• Like other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 has four structural proteins, known as the S (spike), E (envelope), M
(membrane), and N (nucleocapsid) proteins; the N protein holds the RNA genome, and the S, E, and M
proteins together create the viral envelope.
• The spike protein, which has been imaged at the atomic level using cryogenic electron microscopy, is the
protein responsible for allowing the virus to attach to the membrane of a host cell.
Structure of COVID 19
12. Causes
• It is primarily spread between people via respiratory droplets from coughs
and sneezes.
• The virus can remain viable for up to three days on plastic and stainless
steel, and for three hours in aerosols
• The lungs are the organs most affected by COVID-19 because the virus
accesses host cells via the enzyme ACE2, which is most abundant in the type
II alveolar cells of the lungs.
13. • The virus uses a special surface glycoprotein,
called "spike", to connect to ACE2 and enter the
host cell.
• The density of ACE2 in each tissue correlates with
the severity of the disease in that tissue and some
have suggested that decreasing ACE2 activity
might be protective, though another view is that
increasing ACE2 using Angiotensin II receptor
blocker medications could be protective. As the
alveolar disease progresses, respiratory failure
might develop and death may follow
Causes
14. Diagnosis
• The WHO has published several testing protocols for the disease. The standard
method of testing is real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-
PCR). The test can be done on respiratory samples obtained by various methods,
including a nasopharyngeal swab or sputum sample.
• Results are generally available within a few hours to two days.
• Blood tests can be used, but these require two blood samples taken two weeks apart
and the results have little immediate value.
• Chinese scientists were able to isolate a strain of the coronavirus and publish the
genetic sequence so that laboratories across the world could independently develop
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests to detect infection by the virus
21. Prevention
• Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 is expected by 2021, a key part of managing the
COVID-19 pandemic is trying to decrease the epidemic peak, known as
flattening the epidemic curve through various measures seeking to reduce
the rate of new infections
22. Prevention
• To reduce the chances of infection
– stay home,
– avoid travel and public activities,
– wash hands with soap and warm water often and for at least 20 seconds
– practice good respiratory hygiene and avoid touching the eyes, nose, or
mouth with unwashed hands
• The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
recommends covering up the mouth and nose with a tissue
during any cough or sneeze and coughing or sneezing into the
inside of the elbow if no tissue is available. They also
recommend proper hand hygiene after any cough or sneeze.
23. Prevention
• Social distancing strategies aim to reduce contact of
infected persons with large groups by closing schools and
workplaces, restricting travel, and canceling mass
gatherings. Social distancing also includes that people
stay 6 feet apart
• According to the WHO, the use of masks is only
recommended if a person is coughing or sneezing or when
one is taking care of someone with a suspected infection.
• Avoid touching the eyes, nose, or mouth with unwashed
hands. Spitting in public places also should be avoided.