The document outlines various conventions used in radio news bulletins, including short introductions, 3-4 sentence summaries of stories without audio, 2 sentence cues to introduce stories and clips, 15-20 second clips or recorded pieces from journalists to accompany stories, longer 30-40 second recorded pieces, announcements after long audio to remind listeners of the previous speaker, short musical stings between sections, background music during readings, standard closing cues, 15-20 second pieces featuring 4-5 voices, mini live or recorded interviews between reporters and readers, and live or prerecorded outside broadcasts from a location relevant to a news story.
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For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
3. 1. INTRO
On the radio you’ll often hear an introduction to the news
bulletin, this is a short piece of text and reading that is read
at the beginning of every news bulletin.
4. 2.COPY STORY
Quite often a copy story is used on a radio news bulletin, it shortens
down the story, in detail, into 3 or 4 sentences. There will be no
audio included that is played to back up the story.
5. 3. CUE
A cue is used to introduce the story that is just about to be told or
played, there will only be 2 sentences to a cue to introduce the story
and an “In line” is used to introduce a clip.
6. 4. CUE AND CLIP
A Cue and Clip is often know as a ‘Cut’, this is around usually a 15-20
second piece of audio that is taken from an interview with someone
in it that is related to the story being told at that current time. This is
sometimes used to back up the story that is being told or an extra
added on to make the radio broadcast longer.
7. 5. CUE AND VOICER
This is much longer than a Cue and clip (Cut) usually lasts
for 30-40 seconds which is an audio that is recorded by a
different journalist.
8. 6. BACK ANNO
A ‘Back anno’ is short for a ‘Back announcement’, this is
used after a long piece of audio which is most often an
audio piece to remind the audience who was the last voice
they heard. They are always read by the news reader.
9. 7. STAB
often known as a ‘Sting’, this is a very short version of the ‘Jingle’
that is often used in between the news bulletin to split stories up
into sections, for example: when the “news” story ends and you
move onto sport. This is so that it isn’t all jumbled up together. It is
to just make the layout of the bulletin a bit more similar to
understand.
10. 8. BED
A bed is music without the lyrics that often plays during and
in the background of a news reading, this piece of music is
usually fast paced, intense that adds pace to the news
reading and so it flows instead of it lagging.
11. 9. S.O.C
This stands for “Standard out Cue” which is the part at the end of
the bulletin and ends the bulletin, when the presenters sign
themselves off the radio news broadcast.
12. 10. CUE AND VOXPOP
This is short for “VoxPopwi” which is Latin for “voice of People”, this
lasts around 15- 20 seconds for a piece of audio that features around
4 or 5 different voices, sometimes in a conversation. Illustrates and
gives an opinion of “people on and around the streets”.
13. 11. CUE AND A TWO WAY
This is often used in longer news bulletin, like a mini
interview between the newsreader and reporter. Often LIVE
as it is used to break the news or events or it can be
recorded.
14. 12. CUE AND WRAP
This is a combination of a clip and voicer in which case a
reporter needs a voicer but embedded within a clip that is
related to the story or person in the story.
15. 13. O.B
Also known an ‘outside broadcast’, this is a radio
news bulletin that is recorded outside the studio, for
example, a crime has just happened in London, it is
the journalist of news reporters job to attend that
scene and report what has happened and what is
going to happen. These kind of broadcasts are LIVE or
pre-recorded.
16. 14. CUE AND WRAP
A combination of a clip and voicer, a reporter needs a
voicer but it is embedded into a clip of someone or
something that is related to the story.
