Presentation given by Dr. Bruce Cogill at the International Horticultural Congress 2014.
The world has a historically unprecedented abundance of food, though contemporary food systems face numerous new challenges from population growth, natural resource
depletion, and rapid dietary transitions away from diverse, locally-sourced and sustainable mix of foods towards diets dominated by homogenous, highly-processed, energy-dense, and animal-source foods The alarming increase in diet and lifestyle-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) alongside persistent poverty and undernutrition demands a reassessment of dietary choices, guidelines, policies and programmes.
This presentation presents 5 case studies on the contribution of diverse foods, particularly indigenous fruits and vegetables, to culturally-acceptable, cost-effective, sustainable, and nutritious diets.
Read more about our work on diet diversity for nutrition and health here: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Understanding sustainable diets - Four papers, three published in high impact peer-reviewed journals, further our understanding of sustainable diets. Find out more here: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/news/detail/understanding-sustainable-diets/
Conservation agriculture for resource use efficiency and sustainability BASIX
The Green Revolution era focused on enhancing the production and productivity of crops. New challenges demand that the issues of efficient resource use and resource conservation receive high priority to ensure that past gains can be sustained and further enhanced to meet the emerging needs. Extending some of the resource-conserving interventions developed for the agricultural crops are the major challenges for researchers and farmers alike. The present paper shares recent research experiences on resource conservation technologies involving tillage and crop establishment options and associated agronomic practices which enable farmers in reducing production costs, increase profitability and help them move forward in the direction of adopting conservation agriculture.
Underutilized Climate-smart Nutrient rich Small Millets for Food and Nutritio...apaari
Underutilized Climate-smart Nutrient rich Small Millets for Food and Nutritional Security by HD Upadhyaya, ICRISAT - Regional Expert Consultation on Underutilized Crops for Food and Nutritional Security in Asia and the Pacific November 13-15, 2017, Bangkok
Conservation agriculture for resource use efficiency and sustainability BASIX
The Green Revolution era focused on enhancing the production and productivity of crops. New challenges demand that the issues of efficient resource use and resource conservation receive high priority to ensure that past gains can be sustained and further enhanced to meet the emerging needs. Extending some of the resource-conserving interventions developed for the agricultural crops are the major challenges for researchers and farmers alike. The present paper shares recent research experiences on resource conservation technologies involving tillage and crop establishment options and associated agronomic practices which enable farmers in reducing production costs, increase profitability and help them move forward in the direction of adopting conservation agriculture.
Underutilized Climate-smart Nutrient rich Small Millets for Food and Nutritio...apaari
Underutilized Climate-smart Nutrient rich Small Millets for Food and Nutritional Security by HD Upadhyaya, ICRISAT - Regional Expert Consultation on Underutilized Crops for Food and Nutritional Security in Asia and the Pacific November 13-15, 2017, Bangkok
A holistic approach to crop production, which encompasses conservation tillage (CT), and also seeks to preserve biodiversity in terms of both flora and fauna. Activities such as Integrated Crop (ICM), Integrated Weed (IWM) and Integrated Pest (IPM) Management form part of Conservation Agriculture (CA)
Underutilized Crops for Food and Nutritional Security: Global Scenario by Ben...apaari
Underutilized Crops for Food and Nutritional Security: Global Scenario by Benard Ngwene, Leibniz Institute, Germany - Regional Expert Consultation on Underutilized Crops for Food and Nutritional Security in Asia and the Pacific November 13-15, 2017, Bangkok
A holistic approach to crop production, which encompasses conservation tillage (CT), and also seeks to preserve biodiversity in terms of both flora and fauna. Activities such as Integrated Crop (ICM), Integrated Weed (IWM) and Integrated Pest (IPM) Management form part of Conservation Agriculture (CA)
Underutilized Crops for Food and Nutritional Security: Global Scenario by Ben...apaari
Underutilized Crops for Food and Nutritional Security: Global Scenario by Benard Ngwene, Leibniz Institute, Germany - Regional Expert Consultation on Underutilized Crops for Food and Nutritional Security in Asia and the Pacific November 13-15, 2017, Bangkok
Presented by Prof. Carlos A. Monteiro of the Center for Epidemiological Studies on Health and Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Brazil, at the WHO European Ministerial Conference on Nutrition and Noncommunicable Diseases in the Context of Health 2020, on 4 July 2013 in Vienna, Austria.
Disclaimer: WHO is not responsible for the content of presentations made by external speakers at its meetings and conferences. This presentation is published here with the speaker's consent, only for information purpose.
Social Marketing plan to increase consumption of fruits and veggies among minority population in E Tampa; purpose: to reduce incidence of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes
Bangladesh is situated in the subtropical region of the world and has enough opprtunities for commercial vegetable cultivation. Near about 65-70 vegetable crops are grown here. Besides domestic consumption Bangladesh is now exporting fresh vegetables in the European and Middle East countries. Therefore,utilizing breeding techniques a lot of more productive, disease resistant, good quality varieties of different vegetable crops can be developed here in Bangladesh. These new varieties can promote the Agro-Industry sector as well. Here brief descriptions of two important crops Tomato & Hot pepper which has the potetiality to provide support to the industry sector has been elaborated. AVRDC- The World Vegetable Centre has kindly supplied the germplasms and utilizing breeding techniques new tomato hybrid has been developed at BRAC while through adaptive trial one promising hot pepper hybrid has been identified in the BRAC Agricultural Research & Development Centre. #suggested link of my you tube video on research activities on eggplant at BARDC: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZ3P5fTr7GU&t=1s
Cost of Diets - assessing the potential contribution of agricultural biodiver...Bioversity International
Bioversity International researcher Céline Termote spoke about her research on the Cost of Diets at Tropentag 2014 that took place in Czech Republic.
In her presentation she spoke about a modeling tool to assess the potential contribution of agricultural biodiversity to nutritious diets at affordable cost, highlighting a particular case study from eastern Baringo District, Kenya.
Learn more: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/fileadmin/user_upload/online_library/publications/pdfs/Role_of_wild__neglected_and_underutilized_foods_in_reducing_the_cost_of_a_nutritionally_Poster_1595_01.pdf
Agricultural and tree biodiversity for healthy diets and healthy landscapesBioversity International
Presentation delivered by Dr. Stephan Weise, Deputy Director General, Bioversity International for 2nd International Congress on March 5th, Stuttgart, Germany organized by University of Hohenheim.
This presentation looks at how agricultural and tree biodiversity can contribute to both healthy diets and healthy landscapes.
Read more about Bioversity International's work on diet diversity for nutrition and health here: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/
Read more about Bioversity International's work on agricultural ecosystems here: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/agricultural-ecosystems/
Read Dr. Stephan Weise's biography here: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/about-us/who-we-are/staff-bios/single-details-bios/weise-stephan/
Traditional and Indigenous foods for Food systems transformationFrancois Stepman
Presentation by Anna Lartey Professor of Nutrition.
Anna Lartey (PhD UC Davis); Sc.D. (h.c.McGill University)
Professor of Nutrition, Past President of the International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS 2013-2017)
at Webinar of 20 May 2021. Traditional and Indigenous Foods for Food Systems Transformation in Africa
Presentation given at a symposium for Nutrition sensitive forest policy and landscape management, during the 51st Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation 2014, 20-24 July 2014, Cairns Australia
www.bioversityinternatonal.org
Foresight Report on food systems and diets: Facing the challenges of the 21st...Glo_PAN
At the launch of the Global Panel's Foresight Report "Food systems and diets: Facing the challenges of the 21st century", which was held at FAO in Rome on 23 September 2016, Dr Lawrence Haddad, Chair of the Foresight Lead Expert Group, and Director of GAIN, presents the report.
Camila Oliveira is an environmental analyst at the Ministry of the Environment in Brazil and national manager of the Bioversity International 4-country project 'Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition'. In her presentation for Italian Development Cooperation's Expo 2015 event she brought attention to Brazil's precious agricultural biodiversity and how it can be used for food and nutrition security. Learn more about Bioversity International's participation at Expo 2015: http://bit.ly/1GOimdm
ABSTRACT
Brazil suffers from high rates of malnutrition, with one in three children aged between five and nine overweight. Brazil is also home to a significant amount of the world’s biodiversity much of it edible and nutritious. As part of the Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition (BFN) initiative funded by the United Nations, Brazil believes that biodiversity for food and nutrition can help fight its current diet-related problems. As such, the government is adopting three approaches to effectively embed biodiversity into the national food and nutritional security policy framework.
The first approach is to increase knowledge of how diverse underutilized native species can contribute to food security by carrying out a nutritional analysis of 70 edible plant species. Three national programmes are exploiting the nutrition potential of some of these species. These include targeting the national school feeding programme to promote healthy eating habits in schools, a scheme which also ensures that 30% of procurement is from local family farmers.
The second approach has been the revision of the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan to comply with the Aichi Biodiversity Targets of the Convention on Biological Diversity and to halt biodiversity loss. One of the reasons for biodiversity loss in Brazil is the limited appreciation of the use of biodiversity for food and nutrition to date.
The third approach is to increase awareness on how biodiversity can contribute to food and nutrition. A weekly farmers’ market has been launched at the Brasilia Botanical Garden and several cultural gastronomic events organized in different cities, with cooking demonstrations and opportunities to taste native and nutritious biodiverse foods.
Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition in BrazilTeresa Borelli
Why does Brazil think that agricultural biodiversity matters and how the country is mainstreaming biodiversity for food and nutrition into policies and programs tackling food security
Nutrition: Africa RISING science, innovations and technologies with scaling p...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Shawkat Begum, Kalpana Sharma, Kindu Mekonnen, Zelalem Lema, Tesfaye Hailu and Mariama Fofanah for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Presentation of BFN activities to SADC countries - Feb 2015Teresa Borelli
The presentations was delivered to a meeting of SADC countries showing how traditional crops can provide useful food alternatives when nutrition and food security is poor and when climate events can cause other crops to fail.
Similar to Contribution of indigenous fruits and vegetables to dietary diversity and quality (20)
Presentation given by Ann Tutwiler, Director General, Bioversity International, at the Svalbard Global Seed Vault Anniversary Event, February 2018.
This presentation outlines the results of a feasibility study for a Global Cryo-Collection of crops that cannot be conserved by seed. These include banana, cacao, cassava, coconut, coffee, potato and yams. These crops either don’t produce conventional seeds, like bananas, or because the seeds they do produce do not always resemble their parents, like potatoes and many other roots and tubers making it impossible to reproduce them.
Cryopreservation is safe and reliable and dependable. In cryopreservation, plants are stored in in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of -196 °C, a temperature so cold that it effectively stops all the living processes within the plant tissue, freezing it forever in time. Plants can then be regenerated from tiny stored samples and grown into whole plants.
This study was commissioned by Bioversity International, the International Potato Center (CIP) and the Global Crop Diversity Trust with financial support from Australia, Germany and Switzerland.
Read it here:
https://www.bioversityinternational.org/e-library/publications/detail/feasibility-study-for-a-safety-back-up-cryopreservation-facility-independent-expert-report-july-2017/
Ann Tutwiler presents on the importance of agricultural biodiversity for improving planetary health and human health at the Inaugural Planetary Health/Geohealth Annual Meeting - April 29 2017, Harvard Medical School. #PHGH2017
Visit the conference website: https://planetaryhealthannualmeeting.org/
Find out more about agricultural biodiversity for sustainable development
www.bioversityinternational.org/sdgs
Ann Tutwiler, Director General, Bioversity International presents why food diversity matters for human health and the planet's health using a case study from India detailing how millets were brought back to diets and markets.
Find out more about our work on millets
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/markets-for-diverse-species/millets/
Find out more about the Earth Optimism Summit - April 21-23 2017
https://earthoptimism.si.edu/calendar/summit/events/human-health-planets-health/
Re-collection to assess temporal variation in wild barley diversity in JordanBioversity International
Presentation delivered by Dr Imke Thormann at the International Agrobiodiversity Congress 2016, held in Delhi, India, 6-9 November.
Imke Thormann's presentation focused on crop wild relative genetic erosion and how it can be studied.
Find out more about the India Agrobiodiversity Congress:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/iac2016/
Presentation delivered by Dr Jacob van Etten at the International Agrobiodiversity Congress 2016, held in Delhi, India, 6-9 November.
In his talk, Dr van Etten brought attention to the power of citizen scientists and crowdsourcing, which has particularly helped initiatives such as 'Seeds for Needs'.
Find out more about the India Agrobiodiversity Congress:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/iac2016/
Securing plant genetic resources for perpetuity through cryopreservationBioversity International
Presentation delivered by Dr Bart Panis at the International Agrobiodiversity Congress 2016, held in Delhi, India, 6-9 November.
Among other international endeavors, this presentation highlighted the efforts of the International Transit Centre in conserving plant genetic resources such as Musa (banana) for our consumption today and tomorrow.
Find out more about the India Agrobiodiversity Congress:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/iac2016/
We Manage What We Measure: An Agrobiodiversity Index to Help Deliver SDGsBioversity International
Presentation delivered by M. Ann Tutwiler at the International Agrobiodiversity Congress 2016, held in Delhi, India, 6-9 November.
The presentation outlined a new Agrobiodiversity Index that will enable governments, private sector and other decision-makers to assess and track agrobiodiversity in food systems. Currently there is no consistent way to do this.
Find out more about the India Agrobiodiversity Congress:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/iac2016/
IAC 2016 gathered 850 delegates from over 40 countries across the world who presented the results and stories of progress of agrobiodiversity research they are involved in.
Bioversity International policy scientist Ronnie Vernooy gave this presentation at the the Global Consultation on Farmers’ Rights, Indonesia, 27-30 September 2016, organized by the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (Plant Treaty).
The importance of farmers’ rights is recognized in Article 9 of the Plant Treaty.
In this presentation Vernooy shows how a community-based approach to the management of agricultural biodiversity, including supporting community seedbanks, can empower and benefit smallholder farmers and farming communities economically, environmentally and socially. This approach makes implementing farmers’ rights at national level both practical and effective contributing to food and seed security, sustainable livelihoods and resilience.
For more information, please visit:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/conservation-of-crop-diversity/community-seedbanks/
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/policies-for-plant-diversity-management/the-plant-treaty/
Presentation given at the session on 'Seeds of Resilience - Novel strategies for using crop diversity in climate change adaptation' at Tropentag 2016, September 21st, Vienna, by Bioversity International scientist Ronnie Vernooy.
Future impacts of climate change are expected to become more pronounced in many parts of the world, forcing farmers to change their practices and causing them to find crops and varieties better adapted to new weather dynamics. Providing farmers with better access to crop and varietal diversity can strengthen their capacity to adapt to climate change. Under supportive policy and socioeconomic conditions, such strengthened capacity could contribute to greater food availability throughout the year, the production of more nutritious and healthy crops, and income generation. This is easier said than done.
How do we design and implement a comprehensive strategy that will allow farmers to access and use plant genetic diversity more effectively in the context of climate change adaptation? This session responded to this question through an interactive introduction to the challenge of enabling farmers to use climate-adapted germplasm (led by Bioversity International), a practical example from the field to bring new diversity to farmers fields (a case study from Uganda), and a “this is how we support crop diversification for climate change adaptation” exchange among a number of experts from government (development cooperation), private sector and civil society.
Find out more:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/tropentag2016/
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/e-library/publications/detail/resource-box-for-resilient-seed-systems-handbook/
A short booklet that describes how and why Bioversity International carries out research for development in agricultural and tree biodiversity. The booklet gives information about why agricultural and tree biodiversity matters for sustainable development, our strategic initiatives, where we work and our areas of scientific expertise. Find out more on www.bioversityinternational.org
Ann Tutwiler, Director General, Bioversity International gave this presentation at the Eighth Biodiversity Conference, Trondheim on 31st May 2016.
Current agricultural intensification practices are the biggest threat to sustainability and a major force behind breaching multiple planetary boundaries (Steffen et al., 2015). Agriculture contributes to between 19 and 29% of total GHG emissions (US EPA 2011, Vermeulen et al. 2012), uses of 69% of freshwater resources (AQUASTAT 2014), and 34% of the terrestrial, icefree surface of the planet accounting for 31% of wild biodiversity loss (Ramankutty et al. 2008). It is the primary driver for the substantial breach of the planetary boundary for phosphorous, and nitrogen (Carpenter and Bennett 2011, Steffen et al. 2015). The foods we produce from these systems struggle to nourish a growing global population where nearly 2 billion suffer from nutrient deficiencies, and another 2 billion suffer from obesity.
In as much as agricultural practices are important parts of the problem, they are likely to be our best bet for novel solutions addressing both human and environmental health. Increasing and improved use of agricultural biodiversity has the capacity provide both food and nutritional security, providing the ingredients of healthy, culturally sensitive, and enjoyable meals.
Mounting evidence suggests that producing food for diversified diets is often complementary with improving agriculture’s sustainability record. Agricultural biodiversity provides the core ecosystem services that underpin sustainable agricultural intensification: pollination, pest control, and sustainably stored and sourced soil nutrients. Finally, as the planet’s largest ecosystem, sustainable intensification of agricultural ecosystems has the capacity to provide multiple ecosystem services converting agriculture from a net source, to net sink of green house gases; reigning in planetary boundaries on phosphorus, nitrogen, and water; and creating a safe space for wild biodiversity .
Achieving agricultural biodiversity’s potential however, requires stronger support of the
research and development community, better articulation of biodiversity’s contribution to
multiple sustainable development goals, and improved indicators and indices that facilitate impact and progress both environmental and human well-being targets.
Find out more about Bioversity International's research on productive and resilient farms, forests and landscapes:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/initiatives/farms-forests-landscapes/
Visit the official Trondheim 8th Biodiversity Conference page:
http://www.trondheimconference.org/
Ann Tutwiler, Director General, Bioversity International presentation on NOT finding the world's next superfood. This presentation was delivered at Kew Gardens on May 12th 2016 at the State of the World's Plants Symposium.
Abstract: In the last few years, superfoods such as quinoa, amaranth and goji berries have been celebrated in the international media in recognition of their rich nutrient content.
But it is not just Western consumers that can benefit from rediscovering these forgotten foods.
M. Ann Tutwiler, Director General, Bioversity International, will explain how many nutritious traditional foods, which have largely fallen off menus and research-for-development agendas in favour of a handful of staple grains, are starting to make a comeback on the plates of the world’s poorest and most malnourished populations.
Bioversity International carries out research on a diverse range of underutilized crops, and advocates for their wider use in healthy diets from sustainable food systems. This overview will include examples of how research-for-development efforts on quinoa in the High Andes and minor millets in India have helped bring diverse varieties back to the farm, the market and the plate. She will highlight how these crops are often not just nutrient-rich but also have a high potential to contribute to livelihoods. They are often also highly resilient to today’s production challenges, such as climate change.
In conclusion, M. Ann Tutwiler will outline the urgent need to identify, promote and protect these useful plants which all have the potential to be placed into a diverse basket of Super Foods when it comes to delivering food and nutrition security.
In light of the 'Soils and pulses: symbiosis for life – A contribution to the Agenda 2030' event that took place at the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO), Bioversity International's researcher Paola De Santis highlighted the importance of pulse diversity in managing pests and diseases in farmers' fields. Planting diverse pulse varieties can reduce the farm’s vulnerability to pests and diseases, and is a risk management strategy for unpredictability in rainfall and temperatures.
Learn more about Bioversity International's research on managing pests and diseases: http://bit.ly/23ZWtBW
Without safeguarding trees, one can't safeguard the forest - Soutenir les Arb...Bioversity International
Keynote presented by Bioversity International's scientist Dr Laura Snook about the importance of forest genetic resources and how without safeguarding trees, one can't safeguard the forest.
Learn more about Bioversity International's research: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/forests/
Agricultural biodiversity in climate change adaptation planning: An analysis of the National Adaptation Programmes of Action - a presentation given at the 15th meeting of the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, FAO, Rome, January 2015. Presentation given by Ana Bedmar Villanueva, Michael Halewood and Isabel López from Bioversity International.
Read a news announcement about the new guidelines for use of agrobiodiversity in climate change adaptation planning
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/news/detail/new-guidelines-for-use-of-agricultural-biodiversity-in-climate-change-adaptation-planning/
This work is carried out in collaboration with the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS).
Presentation given by Pierre du Plassis, SADC Secretariat, at the Mutual Implementation of the Plant Treaty and the Nagoya Protocol Workshop, Addis Ababa, November 16th.
Feedback on survey results, Ana Bedmar / Michael Halewood, Bioversity International. Presented at the Mutual Implementation of the Plant Treaty and Nagoya Protocol Workshop, Addis Ababa, 17th November
Resilient seed systems and Adaptation to climate change: Some Results from Participatory Climate & Crops Suitability modeling in 8 African Countries. Presentation by Gloria Otieno, Bioversity International given at the 'Mutual Implementation of the Plant Treaty and the Nagoya Protocol' workshop, Assia Ababa, November 16th 2015
Roti Bank Hyderabad: A Beacon of Hope and NourishmentRoti Bank
One of the top cities of India, Hyderabad is the capital of Telangana and home to some of the biggest companies. But the other aspect of the city is a huge chunk of population that is even deprived of the food and shelter. There are many people in Hyderabad that are not having access to
Ang Chong Yi Navigating Singaporean Flavors: A Journey from Cultural Heritage...Ang Chong Yi
In the heart of Singapore, where tradition meets modernity, He embarks on a culinary adventure that transcends borders. His mission? Ang Chong Yi Exploring the Cultural Heritage and Identity in Singaporean Cuisine. To explore the rich tapestry of flavours that define Singaporean cuisine while embracing innovative plant-based approaches. Join us as we follow his footsteps through bustling markets, hidden hawker stalls, and vibrant street corners.
At Taste Of Middle East, we believe that food is not just about satisfying hunger, it's about experiencing different cultures and traditions. Our restaurant concept is based on selecting famous dishes from Iran, Turkey, Afghanistan, and other Arabic countries to give our customers an authentic taste of the Middle East
Contribution of indigenous fruits and vegetables to dietary diversity and quality
1. Contribution of Indigenous fruits and
vegetables to dietary diversity and quality
Bruce Cogill, Ph.D. Keynote 45 SYM13 Friday 22
August 2014
2. OUTLINE
Section 1: Global malnutrition
Section 2: Consequences of changing diet
Section 3: Reasons for trends
Section 4: Policy and programme actions
Section 5: What is the evidence
Section 6: Five case studies
Section 7: Challenges
Section 8: Conclusions
7. Increasing contribution of NCDs to cause of
death (Rural Bangladesh 1986-2006)
7
Source: http://www.globalhealthaction.net/index.php/gha/article/view/19/2301
Rising NCDs
Type 2
diabetes,
cardiovascula
r diseases,
some
cancers,
obesity
9. Less choices, more choices
300,000
100,000
30,000
7,000
120
30
3
- Known plant species
- Used by humans
- Edible
- Used as food at local
level
- Important at national
scale
- Provide 90% of plant
calories
- Provide 50% energy
supply (rice,
11. 11
Dietary guidelines tell us something
• Diversity is key – sustainability is coming
• WHO (2003) ≥ 400 grams
of fruits and vegetables per day
• Other examples
- Brazil Food Guide
- Health Council Netherlands
- Swedish National Food Council
- Nordic Council
- Australia dietary guidelines
12. Treating and preventing under and overnutrition –
from pills to improved diet and livelihoods
12
Supple-ments
Nutrient
dense/Therapeuti
c
Fortification staple
foods Oils
Biofortification of staple foods
Food, diet diversity and quality
based solutions
September 2013
Nutrition Marketing Diversity Programme, Bioversity International
14. Causality – bi-directional biodiversity
diet diversity diet quality
nutrition/health
14
• Challenges in understanding the
linkages, pathways of biodiversity in
human nutrition and health (Hough
2014)
• Reductionist approach to nutrition
with focus on single nutrients and
foods (Hoffman 2003 and
Burlingame 2004)
15. Some challenges to understanding
relationships and action (Diverse Diet –
Nutrition)
15
• Complex
• Lack of clear definition of what is
meant by biodiversity and diet
diversity
• Modelling is challenging with
complex pathways and limited or
different levels of data
• Lots of studies associating
environmental change and
dietary diversity
16. What is the evidence?
• The value of traditional foods and
diets is being re-evaluated
worldwide (e.g. the Mediterranean
diet)
• All countries have valuable and
rich traditional foods
• There is a need to assess the
relative nutritional benefits and
related health outcomes of these
traditional foods and dietary
patterns
17. State of Origin – “Common” Fruits and Vegetables
Source: memolition.com
18. Key concepts
Concepts Aspects include
Indigenous /
traditional /
local foods
• Indigenous foods, locally produced usually with
traditional systems
• Socially and culturally accepted as local food
• Eaten by ancestors or introduced for a very long time
Introduced/
exotic foods
• Foods consumed now but not consumed by ancestors
• Imported
• Not socially and culturally accepted as specific local
food
• Non traditionally processed (industrially processed )
• Locally produced foods of recent introduction in the area
Abandoned
foods
Foods consumed by ancestors but not consumed now
Ultra
Processed
Processed ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat food products
consumed as snacks or to replace home-prepared dishes
Food
diversity
Number of different foods/food groups
19. 19
Comparison of nutrient content of select
South Pacific Fruits and Vegetables
(per 100 g)
20. Section 6: Five case studies – on the role
of indigenous fruit and vegetables
21. 21
Case Study 1: From
indigenous food to global
commodity – Arugula or
Rocket Eruca sativa
• 1994 -1998: Project on underutilized
Mediterranean species
• By research and advocacy
• Italian project’s experience evolved
over the years into a solid framework
now being tested and disseminated to
many countries around the world
Source: S. Padulosi, Bioversity International
22. 22
Case Study 2: Bananas and beta-carotene
Cavendish Common
Variety
<5 μg/100g pro-Vit A
carotenoid
South Pacific banana varieties
<8500 μg/100g pro-Vit A carotenoid
Source: Burlingame, FAO (2013) and Bioversity
International
23. Case Study 3: Traditional African leafy
vegetables (ALV) in Kenya
• Local ALV - nutritious, affordable,
adapted to local growing conditions
and cultural traditions
• 2007: Over 40 different species
(10% wild) including Amaranth,
African nightshade, cowpea,
pumpkin, spider plant, bitter lettuce
and vine spinach
• Considered to be an inferior good
but consumption rising –
information lacking
IMPACT
Of those growing ALVs, 52%
participated in marketing
2/3 households reported
increased incomes, while ½
reported increased consumption
No Diet or Nutrition assessment
(Gotor and Irungu, 2010)
Also see ARDC
24. Case Study 4: Role of wild foods
in reducing the cost of a
nutritionally adequate diet in
Baringo District, Kenya
Bioversity International, Save the Children UK and the
Museums of Kenya
Objective: Documenting the role of wild and underutilized
foods in reducing the cost of a nutritionally adequate diet
for children aged 6 to 24 months and women
Method:
• Ethnobotanical surveys to inventory wild species
• Market price assessments and seasonality
• Culturally acceptable average food consumption
frequencies and portion sizes
• Selection of 5 wild neglected and underutlized
species (NUS) for modelling in Cost of Diet analysis
• Cost of Diet linear programming to assess the cost
of a locally appropriate, culturally acceptable, cost-optimized,
nutritious diet in dry and wet season.
Analysis with and without wild NUS foods.
25. Percentage of nutrient requirements met by the modelled diet without wild foods (only
deficient nutrients are shown) and additional percentage of nutrient requirements met
by including all 5 wild foods together or the wild fruit Berchemia discolor apart in the
modeled diet for the dry and wet season
26. Case Study 4: Results from Running LP
Tool
Without wild foods:
• modelled diets were deficient in Fe for all age
groups (women and children) during dry season
• Infants aged 6 to 8 months: Vit. B6 and Ca
deficient during dry season, Fe and Zn deficient
the whole year
Ziziphus mauritiana
With 5 wild foods:
• modelled diet could lower the cost of the diets
(up to 64% for some age groups) and
contributed to meet FAO/WHO recommended
nutrient intakes
• Berchemia discolor had the highest impact on
the cost of the diet and on meeting
recommended nutrient intakes for Fe
•With or without wild foods, it was not possible
to meet all recommended nutrient intakes in all
seasons for children aged 6 to 12 months
Berchemia discolor
Balanites aegyptiaca
Ximenia americana
Solanum nigrum
27. potatoes from indigenous staple to
global phenomenon
Plant breeding, adaptation, behaviour change,
consumer
Source: Low et al. 2009; Harvest Plus
28. Section 7: What are the challenges in
identifying and promoting indigenous
fruits and vegetables to improve
dietary quality
28
29. 29
Some Challenges include:
• Confusing nomenclature
• Lack of identification, naming and
cataloguing
• Propagation and value chains
underdeveloped
• Considered an inferior product or
good
• Need to be commercial, scalable,
and researchable
• Quality control, food safety,
information
30. 30
Questionable nutrition and health claims
• Superfood claims e.g. moringa, kale, açai
• Elevated nutrient and health claims
• Lack of understanding of nutrient content/bioavailability
• Interactions among nutrients and food
components
• Food handling, processing and preparation
• Level of intake or dose
Source: www.kulikulifoods.com
32. Concluding observations I
• We need to climb out of the reductionist hole – Look at Food Systems
& Diet Patterns
• A ‘Whole of Diet’ Approach - Foods are more than just the sum of
nutrients, agricultural systems more than the sum of crops => whole of
diet / landscape approaches are needed
• Optimize use of available biodiversity to provide quality diets, decent
incomes and sustainable production systems while conserving
biodiversity for future generations
• Better evidence and tools, such as linear programming, to identify
nutrient gaps, and optimize the choices of foods across the seasons
to close gaps
33. Concluding observations II
• Local populations have a wealth of knowledge on biodiversity and
indigenous fruits and vegetables plus rigorous science
• Evidence of the importance of dietary diversity including fruits and
vegetables and dietary quality with links to both over and undernutrition
and some diet related NCDs
• Less evidence of links between indigenous fruits and vegetables and
dietary quality. This is due to the lack of standard measures, data and the
challenges of modelling complex systems. There are plenty of anecdotes
and case studies but attribution remains a challenge
• Given public, private sector and even some policy interest in the
importance of indigenous fruits and vegetables, especially given diet
transition and rising diet related non communicable diseases, there is a
strong need to:
o generate better evidence of the health and nutrition attributes;
o ensure the cultural and non-nutrition aspects are captured and shared;
o identify the scalability and accessibility of these foods;
o further develop and reach agreement around measurements of
biodiversity, diet diversity and intake;
o look for opportunities to monitor policies and programmes that link
biodiversity, indigenous fruits and vegetables and nutrition; and
o engage with teaching and other capacity strengthening to improve training
and capacity.
34. Indigenous fruits and vegetables --We
need to know more
• Food components appreciated by consumers, manufacturers,
etc.
• Diversity, hardy, good adaptability, versatility in use, resilient,
sustainable
• Rich food culture and traditions
• Not easily scalable compared with some commodity crops
• Lack of improved/enhanced varieties and practices
• Lack of information on nutrient content, development etc.
• Drudgery in processing
• Disorganized or non-existent market chains
• Perception of being ‘food of the poor’
• Scarcely represented in ex situ collections
+
–
35. The 29th International Horticultural Congress 17-22
August 2014 Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre
Brisbane, Australia
SYMPOSIUM No. 13: Promoting the
Future of Indigenous Vegetables
Worldwide
Plaza Room 9
b.cogill@cgiar.org
For more info:
www.bioversityinternational.org