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Let’s pray together before
we will start our lecture
today!
The Contrastive Analysis on The
Level of Syntax
Group 5 :
I. Achmad Munier 201012501057
II. Tyas Indah N. D. 201012501034
III. Rizki Listri Kartika 201012501012
IV. Dinar Anggraini 201012500990
V. Yuko Arum L. 201012501045
1. Word Order
• In English word order is fixed.
• In Indonesian word order is much more
flexible. The prominent word precedes the
less prominent one.
2. Clause
 Subject x Verb is the nucleus of an English clause.
 In Indonesian, when reference is clear through the
context, an explicit word is not normally mentioned.
Therefore, a clause may not have a subject or a verb.
A. Clauses without a verb
I. No copula
II. Showing direction
III. Suffering
IV. Activities
V. Possession or part
B. Clauses without a subject
VI. No equivalence of introductory ‘ it ’
VII. In a complex sentence
3. Questions
• In English questions are identified by inversion of
subject and verb, either the yes-no type or the
wh- type.
• In Indonesian the yes-no type uses the rising
intonation or begins with ‘Apakah’ with the falling
intonation. The wh- type or information question
begins with the question word and the position
of the subject and verb in inverted.
• In Indonesian, the information questions use the
word order as the statements. The word in
question is replaced by a question word.
4. Verbs
• In English, verbs are always related to tenses.
Time and aspect are expressed in the tenses.
• In Indonesian time and aspect are expressed
by independent words which do not formally
correlate with the other words within the
sentence.
5. Correlation of forms
• In English the words within the sentence are
formally correlated.
• In Indonesian, on the other hand, words are
not correlated formally with one another. Each
word is independent.
6. Active and Passive voice
• English is characterized by the dominant role of
the active voice.
• Indonesian is characterized by the passive voice.
• Due to the fact that Indonesian:
1. Tends to put the prominent words prior to the less
prominent ones.
2. Especially in sentences about the second person
(you), the sentences topic is not explicitly
mentioned.
7. Function words
• Articles
In Indonesian, there ia no article. The idea
expressed by ‘ a ’ and ‘the‘ is expressed by an
independent word.
• Pronouns
The English pronouns have their counterparts
in Indonesian. Nevertheless, there are a
number of noted differences that be serious
problem for Indonesia learners.
8. Transitive verbs
• In Indonesian, a transitive verb is not always
followed by an object.
• In English it is almost always followed by an
object.
9. Redundancy of the ‘cover term’
• In Indonesian, the cover term is also used with
the specific one.
Thanks for your attention

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Contrastive analysis on syntax - CLEA

  • 1. Let’s pray together before we will start our lecture today!
  • 2. The Contrastive Analysis on The Level of Syntax Group 5 : I. Achmad Munier 201012501057 II. Tyas Indah N. D. 201012501034 III. Rizki Listri Kartika 201012501012 IV. Dinar Anggraini 201012500990 V. Yuko Arum L. 201012501045
  • 3. 1. Word Order • In English word order is fixed. • In Indonesian word order is much more flexible. The prominent word precedes the less prominent one.
  • 4. 2. Clause  Subject x Verb is the nucleus of an English clause.  In Indonesian, when reference is clear through the context, an explicit word is not normally mentioned. Therefore, a clause may not have a subject or a verb. A. Clauses without a verb I. No copula II. Showing direction III. Suffering IV. Activities V. Possession or part B. Clauses without a subject VI. No equivalence of introductory ‘ it ’ VII. In a complex sentence
  • 5. 3. Questions • In English questions are identified by inversion of subject and verb, either the yes-no type or the wh- type. • In Indonesian the yes-no type uses the rising intonation or begins with ‘Apakah’ with the falling intonation. The wh- type or information question begins with the question word and the position of the subject and verb in inverted. • In Indonesian, the information questions use the word order as the statements. The word in question is replaced by a question word.
  • 6. 4. Verbs • In English, verbs are always related to tenses. Time and aspect are expressed in the tenses. • In Indonesian time and aspect are expressed by independent words which do not formally correlate with the other words within the sentence.
  • 7. 5. Correlation of forms • In English the words within the sentence are formally correlated. • In Indonesian, on the other hand, words are not correlated formally with one another. Each word is independent.
  • 8. 6. Active and Passive voice • English is characterized by the dominant role of the active voice. • Indonesian is characterized by the passive voice. • Due to the fact that Indonesian: 1. Tends to put the prominent words prior to the less prominent ones. 2. Especially in sentences about the second person (you), the sentences topic is not explicitly mentioned.
  • 9. 7. Function words • Articles In Indonesian, there ia no article. The idea expressed by ‘ a ’ and ‘the‘ is expressed by an independent word. • Pronouns The English pronouns have their counterparts in Indonesian. Nevertheless, there are a number of noted differences that be serious problem for Indonesia learners.
  • 10. 8. Transitive verbs • In Indonesian, a transitive verb is not always followed by an object. • In English it is almost always followed by an object.
  • 11. 9. Redundancy of the ‘cover term’ • In Indonesian, the cover term is also used with the specific one.
  • 12. Thanks for your attention