The document discusses context clues, which are hints found within text that help readers understand the meaning of unfamiliar words. It identifies 9 types of context clues, including definition clues, example clues, synonym clues, and inference clues. Context clues are important because they allow readers to determine word meanings without a dictionary by analyzing how the word is used within a sentence or paragraph. Understanding context clues makes readers better able to build vocabulary and comprehend various meanings of words.

1. Groups : 10
Class : 1-A
1. Aditya Pratama
2. Ajeng Novitasari
3. Indraka Dwi

2. MENU
BACKGROUND
PROBLEMS
SUMMARIES
REFERENCES
DISCUSSION

3. A. Background
As the leaners of English. Of course, we always find the new
of unfamiliar word that we do not understand yet. Often we open
our dictionary or asking to another friends. But, it is take a long
time to get the meaning of one unfamiliar word only.
How do we get the meaning of the unfamiliar word faster,
without dictionary and asking to another friends? This answer
has already found by us. As the reader, we must be aware that we
have tried to read whole of a sentence in paragraph just to get the
meaning. In this case, we used ‘context clues’ to get the meaning
of the new word.
Context clues are combination of word (text) that can use to
infer the meaning of the unfamiliar word from sentence,
paragraph, or passage. Context clues also can use to match
which meaning or the word is appropriate for that sentence.
Because, there are many words have several possible meanings.

4. B. Problems
 What is context clues?
 What are the types of context clues?
 Why do we need context clues?

5. C. Discussion
1. What is Context Clues?
 Context is the words that come just before and
after a word, phrase or statement and help you to
understand its meaning.
 Clue is some word or a piece of information that
helps you find the answer to a cross word, a game
of a questions.
 Context clues are hints placed within a sentence or
paragraph that a reader can use to understand the
meanings of new or unfamiliar words.

6. 2. What are the types of context clues?
1. Definitions / Description Clue
The hints are given within sentence or in the following sentence. The indicators
are “that is”, “commas”, “dashes”, or “parentheses”.
Example:
 The dudeen – a short-stemmed clay pipe – is found in Irish folk tales.
(The dashes setting off “a short-stemmed clay pipe” point out the definition of
“dudeen.”)
2. Example Clues
The hints might be found near with the new word, often written as an example.
The indicators are “including”, “such as”, or “for example”.
Example:
 Piscatorial creatures, such as flounder, salmon, and trout, live in the coldest
parts of the ocean.
“Piscatorial” obviously refers to fish.
3. Synonym Restatement Clue
The hints may descover because the same meaning of the unknown word is repeat
in that sentence.
Example:
 The mountain pass was a tortuous road, winding and twisting like a snake
around the trees of the mountainside.
“Tortuous” means “winding and twisting.”

7. 4. Contrast / Antonym Clue
Antonyms are words with opposite meanings. It help us to get the meaning of the unfamiliar
word. The indicators are “although,” “however,” or “but”.
Example:
 The children were as different as day and night. He was a lively conversationalist, but she
was reserved and taciturn.
“Taciturn” means the opposite of a “lively conversationalist.”
5. Mood / Tone Clue
The hints are presented in mood of the author, and the meaning of the unknown word must
harmonize with the mood.
Example:
 The author sets a mood, The lugubrious wails of the gypsies matched the dreary whistling
of the wind in the allbut-deserted cemetery.
“Lugubrious,” which means “sorrowful,” fits into the mood set by the words “wails,”
“dreary,” and “deserted cemetery.”
6. Experience Clue
Some experience how people or things act also can use to get the meaning pf the unfamiliar
word.
Example:
 During those first bewildering weeks, the thoughts of a college freshman drift back to high
school where he was “in,” knew everyone, and felt at home. A feeling of nostalgia sweeps
over him.

8. 7. Analysis or Structure Clue
In this part, knowledge of roots and affixes are used to discover the meaning.
Example:
 The story is incredible.
The root cred means “to believe,’ and the prefix in means “not.” Therefore, if a story
is incredible, it is unbelievable.
8. Inference Clue
Reading carefully the whole sentence or following sentence can make an educated
guess at the meaning.
Example:
 She told her friend, “I’m through with blind dates forever. What a dull evening! I
was
bored every minute. The conversation was absolutely vapid.”
“Vapid” means “uninteresting.”
9. Cause and Effect Clue
The hints are the reason or result of the word. The indicators are “because”, “since”,
“therefore”, “thus”, “so”, etc.
Example:
 She wanted to impress all her dinner guests with the food she served, so she
carefully studied the necessary culinary arts.
“Culinary” means “food preparation.”

9. 3. Why do we need context clues?
 Getting the meaning of the unfamiliar word
without open any dictionaries.
 Learning the meaning of a word through its
use in a sentence or paragraph is the most
practical way to build vocabulary, since a
dictionary is not always available when a
reader encounters an unknown word.
 Understanding the other meanings of the
unfamiliar word, accourding to where the
word is placed, etc.

10. D. Conclusion
 Context clues are hints found within a
sentence, paragraph, or passage that a reader
can use to understand the meanings of new or
unfamiliar words.
 Accourding to kinds of hints, context clues are
devide on 9 types.
 Context clues is not used to find the meaning of
the unfamiliar word, it makes us better in
vocabulary, and understanding the other
meanings also.

11. E. References
 Anonym. 2005. Context Clues rev8192 (PDF).
[Online]. Available:
http://www.mdc.edu/Kendall/collegeprep/document
s2/CONTEXT%20CLUESrev8192.pdf. [01
December 2014]
 A S Hornby. 2010. Oxford Advanced Leaner’s
Dictionary. New York. Oxford University Press.