The document discusses various aspects of pricing strategy and methods. It defines pricing strategy as a plan for setting prices that considers factors like costs, competition, and demand. Some key determinants in setting prices are organizational objectives, costs, competition, and buyers' perceptions. Common pricing methods include cost-based pricing, demand-based pricing, and competition-based pricing. A company's pricing policy guides its overall pricing approach and specific pricing methods are then used to set prices regularly.
This document discusses sales management and related concepts. It begins with definitions of sales as the completion of a commercial activity to sell products or services for money, while marketing involves promoting goods and services to create value for customers. The key difference between sales and marketing is that sales focuses on the needs of the seller while marketing focuses on the needs of the buyer.
The document then discusses the objectives, nature, functions, and goals of sales management. The main objectives are to generate sales volume, contribute to profits, and ensure growth. Functions include planning, organizing, directing, controlling, coordinating, recruiting salespeople, and advising other departments. Effective sales management requires structuring the sales organization, training and motivating the salesforce
This document discusses marketing policies related to sales, including product, distribution, and pricing policies. It provides details on key considerations for each type of policy, such as determining product lines, distribution intensity strategies, approaches to pricing relative to competition and costs. The document also discusses sales strategies, including account targeting, relationship strategies, selling strategies, and sales channel strategies. Overall, the document provides an overview of various sales and marketing policies and strategies that can guide a company's sales efforts.
A tool in Marketing Communication that manifest immediate purchase with the help of impulsive buying decision. learn about various methods of sales promotion and key techniques.
The document discusses product mix strategies and the product life cycle. It defines a product mix as the set of all products offered for sale by a company, with dimensions of breadth (different product lines) and depth (varieties within lines). Product lines are groups of similar products. Strategies for managing a product mix include positioning, expansion, alteration, contraction, and trading up/down. The product life cycle model describes stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline that typical products experience over time.
Sales organization is a part of the total organization which is given the responsibility of selling of products manufactured by a company
It is another organization within the larger organization which is given the responsibility of selling function
It involves people working together for attaining the sales objectives of the company
It is concerned with planning, organizing, leading and controlling the activities of the sales force
This document discusses products and product management. It covers key topics such as:
1) The definition of a product and its importance in the marketing mix. Products are at the core of marketing and satisfy customer needs.
2) Product differentiation and the product life cycle. Businesses must differentiate their products and manage them over different stages of the life cycle.
3) Product portfolio management tools like the Boston Matrix which categorize products based on their market share and market growth to help analyze a company's portfolio.
The document discusses various aspects of pricing strategy and methods. It defines pricing strategy as a plan for setting prices that considers factors like costs, competition, and demand. Some key determinants in setting prices are organizational objectives, costs, competition, and buyers' perceptions. Common pricing methods include cost-based pricing, demand-based pricing, and competition-based pricing. A company's pricing policy guides its overall pricing approach and specific pricing methods are then used to set prices regularly.
This document discusses sales management and related concepts. It begins with definitions of sales as the completion of a commercial activity to sell products or services for money, while marketing involves promoting goods and services to create value for customers. The key difference between sales and marketing is that sales focuses on the needs of the seller while marketing focuses on the needs of the buyer.
The document then discusses the objectives, nature, functions, and goals of sales management. The main objectives are to generate sales volume, contribute to profits, and ensure growth. Functions include planning, organizing, directing, controlling, coordinating, recruiting salespeople, and advising other departments. Effective sales management requires structuring the sales organization, training and motivating the salesforce
This document discusses marketing policies related to sales, including product, distribution, and pricing policies. It provides details on key considerations for each type of policy, such as determining product lines, distribution intensity strategies, approaches to pricing relative to competition and costs. The document also discusses sales strategies, including account targeting, relationship strategies, selling strategies, and sales channel strategies. Overall, the document provides an overview of various sales and marketing policies and strategies that can guide a company's sales efforts.
A tool in Marketing Communication that manifest immediate purchase with the help of impulsive buying decision. learn about various methods of sales promotion and key techniques.
The document discusses product mix strategies and the product life cycle. It defines a product mix as the set of all products offered for sale by a company, with dimensions of breadth (different product lines) and depth (varieties within lines). Product lines are groups of similar products. Strategies for managing a product mix include positioning, expansion, alteration, contraction, and trading up/down. The product life cycle model describes stages of introduction, growth, maturity, and decline that typical products experience over time.
Sales organization is a part of the total organization which is given the responsibility of selling of products manufactured by a company
It is another organization within the larger organization which is given the responsibility of selling function
It involves people working together for attaining the sales objectives of the company
It is concerned with planning, organizing, leading and controlling the activities of the sales force
This document discusses products and product management. It covers key topics such as:
1) The definition of a product and its importance in the marketing mix. Products are at the core of marketing and satisfy customer needs.
2) Product differentiation and the product life cycle. Businesses must differentiate their products and manage them over different stages of the life cycle.
3) Product portfolio management tools like the Boston Matrix which categorize products based on their market share and market growth to help analyze a company's portfolio.
Product differentiation is a business strategy where firms create differences between their products and competitors' products. These differences can provide competitive advantages if customers prefer the unique attributes. Products can be differentiated based on their form, features, customization, performance quality, conformance quality, durability, reliability, and style. For many Indian customers, important factors are durability, features, performance, style, and an affordable price.
This document discusses product decisions, including the three levels of product classification. It defines products and services, and describes how consumer and industrial products are classified. Consumer products are further broken down into convenience products, shopping products, specialty products, and unsought products. The document also discusses quality dimensions for goods and services, branding decisions, packaging decisions, managing product lines, new product development strategies and processes, and the product life cycle model.
The document provides an overview of brand equity including:
1. It defines brand equity as the value customers attach to a brand based on perceptions and associations with that brand.
2. Brand equity can be measured both qualitatively through customer perceptions and associations, and quantitatively through financial valuation methods.
3. Increasing brand equity can be done by strengthening brand loyalty through frequent buyer programs or affinity programs, or by raising price if customers perceive value at the higher price point.
This document provides an overview of promotion mix, including the meaning and objectives. It discusses the different kinds of promotion like informative, persuasive, and reminder promotion. It covers the various approaches and elements of promotion mix such as advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, and public relations. Advertising, personal selling, and sales promotion techniques are explained in further detail. The document also discusses the roles and qualities of an effective salesperson and how public relations can benefit a company.
Brand extension involves using an existing brand name to introduce a new product category. Nike is an example of a company that has successfully used brand extension. Originally starting with track running shoes, Nike has extended its brand into many new sports categories including shoes, apparel, and equipment for soccer, basketball, tennis, and more. Nike has also launched sub-brands under the Nike name like Nike Golf, Nike+, and Air Jordan to further extend its brand into new areas. Acquisitions of brands like Converse and Hurley have also helped Nike expand its product offerings over time.
Personal selling involves two-way communication between a sales representative and customer to match customer needs with products and services. It is an important part of the promotional mix, especially for complex, expensive, or infrequently purchased products. The personal selling process includes prospecting, preparation, an initial presentation, handling objections, negotiating to close the sale, and follow up. Demonstrations can be an effective way to showcase features and benefits during the presentation. The ultimate goal is to get the customer to make a purchase decision.
1. A company's product mix consists of its various product lines and has four dimensions: width, length, depth, and consistency.
2. Product-mix decisions involve analyzing product lines, reviewing a market profile against competitors, and methods to extend product lines such as line stretching, line filling, and line modernizing/featuring/pruning.
3. Product-mix management is important for companies like Hindustan Unilever to effectively offer the right portfolio of products.
The document discusses various aspects of branding including what a brand is, the brand wheel, brand identity, equity, and decisions companies must make regarding their branding strategies. It defines a brand and explains the six levels of meanings a brand conveys including attributes, benefits, values, culture, personality, and target user. It also discusses brand identity, equity, decisions around branding, brand names, strategies like line extensions, brand extensions, and repositioning.
There are two main pricing strategies for products in the introduction stage of the lifecycle: skimming and penetration. Skimming involves setting a high initial price for distinctively new products purchased by less price-sensitive customers, then lowering price over time. Penetration uses a low initial price for products where customers are highly price sensitive or competitors pose a strong threat. In the growth stage, companies face pressure to lower prices as more competitors and customers enter the market. During maturity, competitors are well-established and companies must cut prices to gain market share. In decline, companies can maintain prices by reducing costs if they have a strong reputation, cut prices to increase sales above break-even, or selectively raise prices for less price-sensitive
The document discusses pricing, which is the process of determining the price of a product. It outlines several pricing methods like cost-oriented, demand-oriented, and competition-oriented pricing. It also discusses factors that affect pricing like costs, competition, demand, and product life cycle stage. The goal of pricing is to maximize profits while meeting objectives like market share or sales volume. Pricing requires analyzing costs, demand, competition and selecting an appropriate strategy.
The document discusses branding, packaging, and labeling. It defines branding as giving a name to identify a product and its maker. Packaging protects products and makes them attractive, identifiable, convenient, and promotable. Labeling provides verbal product information and instructions. Branding, packaging, and labeling help differentiate products, build customer loyalty, and communicate important details to consumers.
The document discusses the various components of a company's marketing environment, including the microenvironment made up of factors closest to the company like customers, competitors, and publics, as well as the larger macroenvironment consisting of demographic, economic, natural, technological, political, and cultural forces. It provides examples and explanations of each element of the marketing environment and how companies analyze and respond to changing environmental factors.
Channel conflict arises when the activities or operations of one channel partner negatively impact the goals of another partner in the distribution chain. It can occur between different levels of partners (vertical), between partners on the same level (horizontal), or when a manufacturer uses multiple channels. Common causes include incompatible goals, strategic misalignment, and market perception differences. Consequences include price wars, customer dissatisfaction, sales deterioration, and partners exiting the channel. Management strategies involve mediation, forming councils, aligning goals, and ensuring fair pricing across channels. Samsung faced a multi-channel conflict when offline partners complained high online discounts hurt their sales.
The document discusses various branding strategy options including individual brands with no connections, blanket brands to pull new products through channels, and separate family brands. It also discusses brand extension, multibranding/proliferation, and brand repositioning strategies. Additional sections cover developing brand names, building brand value through various marketing activities, defining an effective brand using the "5 Cs", and designing branding strategies using corporate vs. brand dominance.
How can companies use packaging,labeling, warranties,and guarantees as market...Sameer Mathur
This presentation is created as a part of a Marketing internship and is based on Chapter 11- 'Setting Product Strategy" from Kotler book of Marketing Management.
This document discusses evaluating sales force performance. It outlines several key points:
1. Performance evaluation assesses how well salespeople meet objectives and helps organizations identify areas for improvement.
2. Sales force performance is influenced by internal factors like motivation and skills, and external factors like the market environment and organizational structures.
3. The evaluation process involves determining influential factors, selecting criteria, establishing standards, comparing performance to standards, providing feedback, and evaluating. Information comes from records, reports, customers, managers and other sources.
4. Tools for evaluation include essays, rating scales, and ranking techniques. Sales control, audit, analysis and cost analysis also help track performance.
The document discusses industrial marketing and industrial buying behavior. It defines industrial marketing as marketing products and services to business organizations. It notes there are differences between industrial and consumer markets, such as industrial buyers being fewer in number but purchasing larger quantities. The buying process for industrial customers is more complex and involves multiple influencers within an organization. Key participants in the industrial buying process are identified as the buyer, user, influencer, gatekeeper, decider, and initiator. Different buying situations like straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new tasks are outlined based on complexity, newness, people involved, and time. Stages of industrial procurement decisions and buying phases are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of consumer behavior. It defines consumer behavior and notes it is influenced by factors like culture, social class, psychology, and more. It discusses the different types of consumers like customers, buyers, and institutional buyers. The document also outlines the consumer decision process from obtaining a product to consuming and disposing of it. It explains how understanding consumer behavior can help with marketing by informing market analysis, target selection, and strategy. The document concludes that understanding consumer needs and wants is important for business success.
The document discusses various factors that influence consumer behavior, including the consumer decision making process, psychological and social factors, the consumer learning process, and environmental influences such as culture, social class, reference groups, and situational determinants. It provides an overview of how advertising and promotions must understand these influences in order to effectively target consumers. The chapter objectives are to understand these influences and their implications for developing advertising and promotional programs.
Product differentiation is a business strategy where firms create differences between their products and competitors' products. These differences can provide competitive advantages if customers prefer the unique attributes. Products can be differentiated based on their form, features, customization, performance quality, conformance quality, durability, reliability, and style. For many Indian customers, important factors are durability, features, performance, style, and an affordable price.
This document discusses product decisions, including the three levels of product classification. It defines products and services, and describes how consumer and industrial products are classified. Consumer products are further broken down into convenience products, shopping products, specialty products, and unsought products. The document also discusses quality dimensions for goods and services, branding decisions, packaging decisions, managing product lines, new product development strategies and processes, and the product life cycle model.
The document provides an overview of brand equity including:
1. It defines brand equity as the value customers attach to a brand based on perceptions and associations with that brand.
2. Brand equity can be measured both qualitatively through customer perceptions and associations, and quantitatively through financial valuation methods.
3. Increasing brand equity can be done by strengthening brand loyalty through frequent buyer programs or affinity programs, or by raising price if customers perceive value at the higher price point.
This document provides an overview of promotion mix, including the meaning and objectives. It discusses the different kinds of promotion like informative, persuasive, and reminder promotion. It covers the various approaches and elements of promotion mix such as advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, and public relations. Advertising, personal selling, and sales promotion techniques are explained in further detail. The document also discusses the roles and qualities of an effective salesperson and how public relations can benefit a company.
Brand extension involves using an existing brand name to introduce a new product category. Nike is an example of a company that has successfully used brand extension. Originally starting with track running shoes, Nike has extended its brand into many new sports categories including shoes, apparel, and equipment for soccer, basketball, tennis, and more. Nike has also launched sub-brands under the Nike name like Nike Golf, Nike+, and Air Jordan to further extend its brand into new areas. Acquisitions of brands like Converse and Hurley have also helped Nike expand its product offerings over time.
Personal selling involves two-way communication between a sales representative and customer to match customer needs with products and services. It is an important part of the promotional mix, especially for complex, expensive, or infrequently purchased products. The personal selling process includes prospecting, preparation, an initial presentation, handling objections, negotiating to close the sale, and follow up. Demonstrations can be an effective way to showcase features and benefits during the presentation. The ultimate goal is to get the customer to make a purchase decision.
1. A company's product mix consists of its various product lines and has four dimensions: width, length, depth, and consistency.
2. Product-mix decisions involve analyzing product lines, reviewing a market profile against competitors, and methods to extend product lines such as line stretching, line filling, and line modernizing/featuring/pruning.
3. Product-mix management is important for companies like Hindustan Unilever to effectively offer the right portfolio of products.
The document discusses various aspects of branding including what a brand is, the brand wheel, brand identity, equity, and decisions companies must make regarding their branding strategies. It defines a brand and explains the six levels of meanings a brand conveys including attributes, benefits, values, culture, personality, and target user. It also discusses brand identity, equity, decisions around branding, brand names, strategies like line extensions, brand extensions, and repositioning.
There are two main pricing strategies for products in the introduction stage of the lifecycle: skimming and penetration. Skimming involves setting a high initial price for distinctively new products purchased by less price-sensitive customers, then lowering price over time. Penetration uses a low initial price for products where customers are highly price sensitive or competitors pose a strong threat. In the growth stage, companies face pressure to lower prices as more competitors and customers enter the market. During maturity, competitors are well-established and companies must cut prices to gain market share. In decline, companies can maintain prices by reducing costs if they have a strong reputation, cut prices to increase sales above break-even, or selectively raise prices for less price-sensitive
The document discusses pricing, which is the process of determining the price of a product. It outlines several pricing methods like cost-oriented, demand-oriented, and competition-oriented pricing. It also discusses factors that affect pricing like costs, competition, demand, and product life cycle stage. The goal of pricing is to maximize profits while meeting objectives like market share or sales volume. Pricing requires analyzing costs, demand, competition and selecting an appropriate strategy.
The document discusses branding, packaging, and labeling. It defines branding as giving a name to identify a product and its maker. Packaging protects products and makes them attractive, identifiable, convenient, and promotable. Labeling provides verbal product information and instructions. Branding, packaging, and labeling help differentiate products, build customer loyalty, and communicate important details to consumers.
The document discusses the various components of a company's marketing environment, including the microenvironment made up of factors closest to the company like customers, competitors, and publics, as well as the larger macroenvironment consisting of demographic, economic, natural, technological, political, and cultural forces. It provides examples and explanations of each element of the marketing environment and how companies analyze and respond to changing environmental factors.
Channel conflict arises when the activities or operations of one channel partner negatively impact the goals of another partner in the distribution chain. It can occur between different levels of partners (vertical), between partners on the same level (horizontal), or when a manufacturer uses multiple channels. Common causes include incompatible goals, strategic misalignment, and market perception differences. Consequences include price wars, customer dissatisfaction, sales deterioration, and partners exiting the channel. Management strategies involve mediation, forming councils, aligning goals, and ensuring fair pricing across channels. Samsung faced a multi-channel conflict when offline partners complained high online discounts hurt their sales.
The document discusses various branding strategy options including individual brands with no connections, blanket brands to pull new products through channels, and separate family brands. It also discusses brand extension, multibranding/proliferation, and brand repositioning strategies. Additional sections cover developing brand names, building brand value through various marketing activities, defining an effective brand using the "5 Cs", and designing branding strategies using corporate vs. brand dominance.
How can companies use packaging,labeling, warranties,and guarantees as market...Sameer Mathur
This presentation is created as a part of a Marketing internship and is based on Chapter 11- 'Setting Product Strategy" from Kotler book of Marketing Management.
This document discusses evaluating sales force performance. It outlines several key points:
1. Performance evaluation assesses how well salespeople meet objectives and helps organizations identify areas for improvement.
2. Sales force performance is influenced by internal factors like motivation and skills, and external factors like the market environment and organizational structures.
3. The evaluation process involves determining influential factors, selecting criteria, establishing standards, comparing performance to standards, providing feedback, and evaluating. Information comes from records, reports, customers, managers and other sources.
4. Tools for evaluation include essays, rating scales, and ranking techniques. Sales control, audit, analysis and cost analysis also help track performance.
The document discusses industrial marketing and industrial buying behavior. It defines industrial marketing as marketing products and services to business organizations. It notes there are differences between industrial and consumer markets, such as industrial buyers being fewer in number but purchasing larger quantities. The buying process for industrial customers is more complex and involves multiple influencers within an organization. Key participants in the industrial buying process are identified as the buyer, user, influencer, gatekeeper, decider, and initiator. Different buying situations like straight rebuy, modified rebuy, and new tasks are outlined based on complexity, newness, people involved, and time. Stages of industrial procurement decisions and buying phases are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of consumer behavior. It defines consumer behavior and notes it is influenced by factors like culture, social class, psychology, and more. It discusses the different types of consumers like customers, buyers, and institutional buyers. The document also outlines the consumer decision process from obtaining a product to consuming and disposing of it. It explains how understanding consumer behavior can help with marketing by informing market analysis, target selection, and strategy. The document concludes that understanding consumer needs and wants is important for business success.
The document discusses various factors that influence consumer behavior, including the consumer decision making process, psychological and social factors, the consumer learning process, and environmental influences such as culture, social class, reference groups, and situational determinants. It provides an overview of how advertising and promotions must understand these influences in order to effectively target consumers. The chapter objectives are to understand these influences and their implications for developing advertising and promotional programs.
Consumer behaviour is the study of people and the processes they use to select, use and discard items and services, as well as their emotional, mental, and behavioural responses. Customer Behaviour is a discipline of psychology that studies the steps that a consumer goes through before acquiring goods or services for personal consumption.
Introduction to study of consumer behaviourSindhu .
Meaning, definition and nature of Consumer Behavior, consumer movement in India also its need, rights and responsibilities of consumers in India, benefits of consumerism, role of research in understanding consumer behavior, consumer research paradigms, models and levels of Consumer Behavior, consumer decision making process, research objectives and its characteristics.
Consumer Behavior- meaning, nature and importance, Factors influencing consumer behavior, Buying Behavior process. Market Segmentation- meaning and need Bases for market segmentation, Requisites for effective segmentation, Steps in segmentation process, Targeting- meaning, strategies, Positioning- meaning and types
1. Consumer behavior involves a complex decision-making process where consumers search for information, evaluate alternatives, and decide on products or services to purchase. It is influenced by psychological, social, cultural and personal factors.
2. The consumer decision-making process typically involves problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase evaluation. Multiple parties like influencers, gatekeepers, initiators, and deciders may be involved in the purchase decision.
3. Market segmentation involves dividing the market into distinct groups based on variables like demographics, behaviors, or benefits sought. Marketers then target specific segments and position their products accordingly to appeal to those segments.
Introduction to Consumer Behaviour; Consumer Behaviour
and Marketing Strategy; Consumer Involvement – Levels
of involvement, and Decision Making
Consumer Decision Process – Stages in Decision Process,
Information Search Process; Evaluative Criteria and
Decision Rules, Consumer Motivation – Types of Consumer
Needs, Ways of Motivating Consumers. Information
Processing and Consumer Perception.
Consumer Attitudes and Attitude Change; Influence of
Personality and Self Concept on Buying Behaviour,
Psychographics and Lifestyles, Impuse Buying.
Diffusion of Innovation and Opinion Leadership, Family
Decision Making, Influence of Reference Group
Industrial Buying Behaviour– Process and factors, Models
of Consumer Behaviour – Harward Seth, Nicosia, E& D,
Economic Model; Introduction to Consumer Behaviour
Audit; Consumer Behaviour Studies in India
This document discusses consumer behavior and its importance for marketers. It defines consumer behavior as the process people go through to search for, select, purchase, use, and dispose of products and services. Consumer behavior is influenced by various systematic factors and differs between individuals and products. It is vital for marketers to understand consumer behavior in order to better target consumers and improve products and services. Studying consumer behavior allows marketers to gain insights into attitudes, culture, lifestyles, experiences, and decision making that influence product use.
This document discusses consumer behavior and provides definitions, objectives, and the nature and scope of studying consumer behavior. It can be summarized as follows:
1) The objectives of studying consumer behavior are to understand internal and external influences on consumer behavior, identify stages of the buying process, and use consumer behavior insights for market segmentation and targeting.
2) Consumer behavior is influenced by various factors and differs across individuals, products, regions, and over time. Understanding consumer behavior is vital for marketers to make effective marketing decisions.
3) Studying consumer behavior has applications in analyzing market opportunities, selecting target markets, making marketing mix decisions, and designing strategies for non-profits and social causes.
The document outlines the course outcomes and units for a consumer behavior course. On completion of the course, learners will be able to identify, explain, use, differentiate, appraise, and create in relation to concepts of consumer behavior. The course covers 6 units, including introduction to consumer behavior, consumer decision making process, models of consumer behavior, sociological influences, psychological influences, and interdisciplinary nature of consumer behavior.
Definition , nature , scope , applications of cbsaurabhmahajan54
INTRODUCTION: Consumer behavior is the study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of products, services, experiences, or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society.
DEFINITION:1. According to Engel, Blackwell, and Mansard:-
‘Consumer behavior is the actions and decision processes of people who purchase goods and services for personal consumption’.
2.According to Louden and Bitta:-
‘Consumer behavior is the decision process and physical activity, which individuals engage in when evaluating, acquiring, using or disposing of goods and services’.
NATURE OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR :
1.PROCESS:-Consumer behavior is a systematic process relating to buying decisions of the customers. The buying process consists of the following steps:
a.Need identification to buy the product.
b.Information search relating to the product.
c.Listing of alternative brands.
d.Evaluating the alternative (cost-benefit analysis)
e.Purchase decision.
f. Post-purchase evaluation by the marketer.
This document provides an overview of consumer buying behavior and various models that have been developed to understand it. It defines consumer buying behavior and discusses why it is important for firms to analyze. Several traditional models are described like the economic, learning, psychological, and sociological models. Contemporary models are also outlined, including the Howard Sheth model, Nicosia model, and Engel-Blackwell-Miniard model. The key aspects of each model are summarized. The document also discusses the differences between consumers and customers.
This document provides an overview of buyer behavior and consumer behavior concepts. It defines consumer behavior as the study of how consumers select, buy, use, and dispose of goods and services. Understanding consumer behavior is important for businesses for several reasons, including shaping organizational fortunes, regulating consumption, developing marketing strategies, and formulating production policies. The document also discusses different types of consumer behaviors such as complex buying behavior, dissonance reduction behavior, variety seeking behavior, and habitual buying behavior. Overall, the key points are that consumer behavior research is important for marketing management and product development to understand customers' needs and provide satisfactory goods and services.
Consumer behavior entails all consumer activities associated with purchasing, using, and disposing of goods and services. It includes the emotional, mental, and behavioral responses that precede and follow these activities. Consumer behavior emerged as a field of study in the late 1940s as focus shifted from selling to understanding customer needs. Studying consumer behavior helps improve business performance by predicting motivations, influence public policy by understanding public wants, and educate consumers. Generating value and delight is essential for long-term business success.
Here are brief answers to the questions:
1. Consumer Behavior refers to the selection, purchase and consumption of products/services by individuals, groups or organizations and the processes involved in these activities.
2. Individual determinants include psychological factors like motivation, perception, learning, attitudes, personality etc. Environmental influences include cultural, social, personal and economic factors.
3. Yes, Consumer Behavior is interdisciplinary as it draws from psychology, sociology, anthropology and economics.
4. The basic components in consumption behavior are cognition, affect and behavior.
5. The various buying roles include initiator, influencer, decider, purchaser and user.
6. The key disciplines that have contributed are psychology
This document discusses consumer behavior, which is defined as how individuals select, purchase, use, and dispose of products and services to satisfy their needs. Understanding consumer behavior is important for developing effective marketing strategies around pricing, product design, segmentation, targeting, positioning, and promotion. The document outlines some key factors that influence consumer decisions, including product attributes, price, brand, store image, preferences, culture, and social class. It also describes different types of consumer behavior such as habitual, variety-seeking, and high involvement.
This document provides an overview of consumer behaviour models including Lawson's model, the Engel-Kollat-Blackwell model, and Howard & Sheth model. It discusses factors that influence consumer behavior such as cultural, social, personal and psychological factors. It also summarizes buyer decision processes, types of purchasing behaviors, and models of diffusion of innovations.
This document summarizes a student project presentation on the impacts of India's 2016 demonetization on the banking sector. The presentation covers how demonetization led to a large inflow of cash deposits into banks, an increase in new bank accounts and digital payment usage, and both opportunities and challenges for banks. It also reviews literature on the topic and analyzes primary data collected through questionnaires to evaluate demonetization's effects on bank operations and liquidity, currency in circulation, and other economic indicators.
This document discusses financial credit risk in Indian banks. It introduces the topic of credit risk and how it can result from a deterioration in a borrower's credit quality. The main problems studied are data collection, banking policies, consumer perspectives, and data identification. The objectives are to evaluate credit risk management applications and determine shortcomings. The importance is examining credit risk management policies, models, and limit management. The literature review discusses past research on credit ratings for small/medium firms, evaluations of credit risk management in Turkey, and perceptions of lending to SMEs. The research methodology uses a questionnaire to validate the credit risk management policy with validity and factor testing.
THE PPT CONSIST OF A BRIEF DESCRIPTION ABOUT ALL THE ASPECT OF MARKET AND MARKETING helpfull for MBA students to know about a quick over view about marketing management
The document outlines the key steps in forming a company, which include promotion, registration, obtaining a certificate of incorporation, and commencing business. It discusses the importance of a company's Memorandum of Association (MOA) and Articles of Association (AOA), which define the company's relationship with shareholders and regulations. The document also provides details on the registration process, requirements for an MOA and AOA, and components that must be included in the company's final prospectus.
Supply Chain Management spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption (supply chain).
This document summarizes several models of consumer behavior:
1) The economic model is based on substitution effect, price effect, and income effect and assumes consumers maximize utility. However, it ignores non-economic factors.
2) The family decision-making model examines the roles family members play in purchasing decisions.
3) The input-output model views marketing efforts and social environment as inputs, with the decision process and post-purchase behavior as outputs.
4) Psychological models examine how needs and motivation drive behavior, such as Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.
Environmental scanning is the process of gathering, analyzing, and disseminating information about events and trends in an organization's external environment to help managers make decisions and identify opportunities and threats. It monitors political, economic, social, technological, and ecological events and trends to detect potential impacts. The purposes of environmental scanning include effective resource use, monitoring resources, strategy formulation, identifying threats and opportunities, and predicting the future. Approaches to environmental scanning include systematic collection of continuous internal and external data and using secondary data from external sources. Tools for environmental scanning analysis include ETOP analysis, SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, and reviewing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
Embark on style journeys Indian clothing store denver guide.pptxOmnama Fashions
Finding the perfect "Indian Clothing Store Denver" is essential for those seeking vibrant, authentic, and culturally rich attire in the heart of Colorado. Denver, a city known for its diverse culture and eclectic fashion scene, offers a variety of options for those in search of traditional and contemporary Indian clothing. Whether you're preparing for a wedding, festival, or cultural event, or simply wish to incorporate the elegance and beauty of Indian fashion into your wardrobe, discovering the right store can make all the difference.
Did you know that while 50% of content on the internet is in English, English only makes up 26% of the world’s spoken language? And yet 87% of customers won’t buy from an English only website.
Uncover the immense potential of communicating with customers in their own language and learn how translation holds the key to unlocking global growth. Join Smartling CEO, Bryan Murphy, as he reveals how translation software can streamline the translation process and seamlessly integrate into your martech stack for optimal efficiency. And that's not all – he’ll also share some inspiring success stories and practical tips that will turbocharge your multilingual marketing efforts!
Key takeaways:
1. The growth potential of reaching customers in their native language
2. Tips to streamline translation with software and integrations to your tech stack
3. Success stories from companies that have increased lead generation, doubled revenue, and more with translation
Mastering Local SEO for Service Businesses in the AI Era"" is tailored specifically for local service providers like plumbers, dentists, and others seeking to dominate their local search landscape. This session delves into leveraging AI advancements to enhance your online visibility and search rankings through the Content Factory model, designed for creating high-impact, SEO-driven content. Discover the Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy, a cost-effective approach to boost your local SEO efforts and attract more customers with minimal investment. Gain practical insights on optimizing your online presence to meet the specific needs of local service seekers, ensuring your business not only appears but stands out in local searches. This concise, action-oriented workshop is your roadmap to navigating the complexities of digital marketing in the AI age, driving more leads, conversions, and ultimately, success for your local service business.
Key Takeaways:
Embrace AI for Local SEO: Learn to harness the power of AI technologies to optimize your website and content for local search. Understand the pivotal role AI plays in analyzing search trends and consumer behavior, enabling you to tailor your SEO strategies to meet the specific demands of your target local audience. Leverage the Content Factory Model: Discover the step-by-step process of creating SEO-optimized content at scale. This approach ensures a steady stream of high-quality content that engages local customers and boosts your search rankings. Get an action guide on implementing this model, complete with templates and scheduling strategies to maintain a consistent online presence. Maximize ROI with Dollar-a-Day Advertising: Dive into the cost-effective Dollar-a-Day advertising strategy that amplifies your visibility in local searches without breaking the bank. Learn how to strategically allocate your budget across platforms to target potential local customers effectively. The session includes an action guide on setting up, monitoring, and optimizing your ad campaigns to ensure maximum impact with minimal investment.
Unlock the secrets to enhancing your digital presence with our masterclass on mastering online visibility. Learn actionable strategies to boost your brand, optimize your social media, and leverage SEO. Transform your online footprint into a powerful tool for growth and engagement.
Key Takeaways:
1. Effective techniques to increase your brand's visibility across various online platforms.
2. Strategies for optimizing social media profiles and content to maximize reach and engagement.
3. Insights into leveraging SEO best practices to improve search engine rankings and drive organic traffic.
Build marketing products across the customer journey to grow your business and build a relationship with your customer. For example you can build graders, calculators, quizzes, recommendations, chatbots or AR apps. Things like Hubspot's free marketing grader, Moz's site analyzer, VenturePact's mobile app cost calculator, new york times's dialect quiz, Ikea's AR app, L'Oreal's AR app and Nike's fitness apps. All of these examples are free tools that help drive engagement with your brand, build an audience and generate leads for your core business by adding value to a customer during a micro-moment.
Key Takeaways:
Learn how to use specific GPTs to help you Learn how to build your own marketing tools
Generate marketing ideas for your business How to think through and use AI in marketing
How AI changes the marketing game
The Strategic Impact of Storytelling in the Age of AI
In the grand tapestry of marketing, where algorithms analyze data and artificial intelligence predicts trends, one essential thread remains constant — the timeless art of storytelling. As we stand on the precipice of a new era driven by AI, join me in unraveling the narrative alchemy that transforms brands from mere entities into captivating tales that resonate across the digital landscape. In this exploration, we will discover how, in the face of advancing technology, the human touch of a well-crafted story becomes not just a marketing tool but the very essence that breathes life into brands and forges lasting connections with our audience.
The digital marketing industry is changing faster than ever and those who don’t adapt with the times are losing market share. Where should marketers be focusing their efforts? What strategies are the experts seeing get the best results? Get up-to-speed with the latest industry insights, trends and predictions for the future in this panel discussion with some leading digital marketing experts.
Breaking Silos To Break Bank: Shattering The Divide Between Search And SocialNavah Hopkins
At Mozcon 2024 I shared this deck on bridging the divide between search and social. We began by acknowledging that search-first marketers are used to different rules of engagement than social marketers. We also looked at how both channels treat creative, audiences, bidding/budgeting, and AI. We finished by going through how they can win together including UTM audits, harvesting comments from both to inform creative, and allowing for non-login forums to be part of your marketing strategy.
I themed this deck using Baldur's Gate 3 characters: Gale as Search and Astarion as Social
Empowering Influencers: The New Center of Brand-Consumer Dynamics
In the current market landscape, establishing genuine connections with consumers is crucial. This presentation, "Empowering Influencers: The New Center of Brand-Consumer Dynamics," explores how influencers have become pivotal in shaping brand-consumer relationships. We will examine the strategic use of influencers to create authentic, engaging narratives that resonate deeply with target audiences, driving success in the evolved purchase funnel.
Boost Your Instagram Views Instantly Proven Free Strategies.pptxInstBlast Marketing
Join Performance Car Exclusive to drive the finest supercars, engineered with advanced materials and cutting-edge technology for peak performance.
https://instblast.com/instagram/free-instagram-views
The advent of AI offers marketers unprecedented opportunities to craft personalized and engaging customer experiences, evolving customer engagements from one-sided conversations to interactive dialogues. By leveraging AI, companies can now engage in meaningful dialogues with customers, gaining deep insights into their preferences and delivering customized solutions.
Susan will present case studies illustrating AI's application in enhancing customer interactions across diverse sectors. She'll cover a range of AI tools, including chatbots, voice assistants, predictive analytics, and conversational marketing, demonstrating how these technologies can be woven into marketing strategies to foster personalized customer connections.
Participants will learn about the advantages and hurdles of integrating AI in marketing initiatives, along with actionable advice on starting this transformation. They will understand how AI can automate mundane tasks, refine customer data analysis, and offer personalized experiences on a large scale.
Attendees will come away with an understanding of AI's potential to redefine marketing, equipped with the knowledge and tactics to leverage AI in staying competitive. The talk aims to motivate professionals to adopt AI in enhancing their CX, driving greater customer engagement, loyalty, and business success.
If you’re at all interested in digital
marketing and in making a name for
your brand online, then it is crucial that
you understand how to properly make
use of content marketing. Content
marketing is currently one of the
biggest trends in digital marketing as a
whole and is an area that many website owners and brands are investing in
heavily right now thanks to the impressive returns that they are seeing.
In the face of the news of Google beginning to remove cookies from Chrome (30m users at the time of writing), there’s no longer time for marketers to throw their hands up and say “I didn’t know” or “They won’t go through with it”. Reality check - it has already begun - the time to take action is now. The good news is that there are solutions available and ready for adoption… but for many the race to catch up to the modern internet risks being a messy, confusing scramble to get back to "normal"
AI Best Practices for Marketing HUG June 2024Amanda Farrell
During this presentation, the Nextiny marketing team reviews best practices when adopting generative AI into content creation. Join our HUG community to register for more events https://events.hubspot.com/sarasota/
2. THE PPT COVERS VARIOUS TOPICS OF CONSUMER
BEHAVIOUR
• Consumer Behaviour
• Importance of Consumer behavior
• SEGMENT BOUDING
• MODEL OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR Viewpoints on
Studying Consumer Behavior
• Characteristics Affecting Consumer Behavior
• Consumer Decision-Making Process
• VARIOUS MODELS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
Family Decision-making
3. Consumer Behaviour
ALL SUCH ACTIVITIES DONE BY A CONSUMER, WHILE OBTAINING , CONSUMING AND
DISPOSING OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES. THIS INCLUDES THE DECISION MAKING
PROCESSES THAT PRECEDE AND FOLLOW SUCH ACTIONS.
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR IS THE STUDY OF HOW INDIVIDUAL CUSTOMERS, GROUPS OR
ORGANIZATIONS SELECT, BUY, USE, AND DISPOSE IDEAS, GOODS, AND SERVICES TO
SATISFY THEIR NEEDS AND WANTS. IT REFERS TO THE ACTIONS OF
THE CONSUMERS IN THE MARKETPLACE AND THE UNDERLYING MOTIVES FOR THOSE
ACTIONS.
FACTORS-
PSYCHOLOGY
SOCIOLOGY
ANTHROPOLOGY
ECONOMICS
MARKETING
4. Importance of Consumer behavior
• Consumers ‘evolve’ with time, learning, exposure and
experience. They cannot be taken for granted.
e.g. People booked their railway tickets from the station
counters, now they prefer online purchase thru website.
5. The study of Consumer Behaviour covers:
• 1. Consumers in the Market Place.
• 2. Consumers as individuals.
• 3. Consumers as decision makers.
• 4. Consumers and subcultures.
• 5. Consumers and cultures.
6. SEGMENT BOUDING
• Segment bounding refers to “methods used to
differentiate consumers and market segments. “.
This imposes conditions to distinguish consumers
from one another and this aims at finding the most
appropriate segment and the customers belongs to it.
9. Viewpoints on Studying Consumer
Behavior
Logical Positivism
Understanding consumer behavior & and
predicting
Cause and effect relationships that govern
persuasion and/or education
Modern
Understand consumption behavior without any
attempt to influence it.
13. VARIOUS MODELS OF CONSUMER
BEHAVIOUR
Economic model
Model of family decision making
Input output decision model
Psycological model
Howarth Sheth Model
14. Model of Family Decision-
making
• In a family decision-making model, it is important to understand
how the family members
• interact with each other in the context of their consumer decision-
making. There are different
• consumption roles played by various members of the family.
(i) Influencers
(ii) (ii) Gate keepers
(iii)Deciders
(iv)Buyers
(v) Preparers
(vi)User
• model over view are as followes :