Computers history
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The first computer was the ENIAC machine created by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at the University of Pennsylvania in the 1940s. ENIAC used nearly 18,000 vacuum tubes and took up over 1,800 square feet of floor space, making it vastly larger than previous automated calculators. Though enormous in size, ENIAC could perform calculations faster than doing them by hand and established the foundation for the first digital electronic computers.
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History of the computer
Charles Babbage is considered the father of the computer. He began designing the difference engine in 1821. The abacus, invented over 5000 years ago in China, was one of the earliest devices used for calculation. The first generation of computers from 1940-1956 used vacuum tubes as their electronic technology. The ENIAC was the first electronic digital computer and used around 18,000 vacuum tubes. Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation from 1956-1963, and integrated circuits replaced transistors in the third generation from 1964-1971.
History of Computers: ABC and ENIAC
Group 9's presentation summarizes the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) and the ENIAC. The ABC, constructed in 1937-1942 at Iowa State University, was the first electronic digital computer. It influenced the design of the ENIAC, which was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. The ENIAC, built during World War II at the University of Pennsylvania, was around 1,000 times faster than electromechanical machines and was used for ballistics calculations. It helped pave the way for modern computers.
history of computers
A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out arithmetic and logical operations. Early forms of computing devices included the abacus in 3000 BC China and Joseph Jacquard's punched card controlled loom in 1833. Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine in 1837, which used punch cards and was a general purpose, programmable computer. The ENIAC, completed in 1945, was the first electronic general-purpose computer. Vacuum tubes were replaced by transistors in the 1950s and integrated circuits emerged, leading to advances such as the 4004 microprocessor. The most powerful supercomputer today is the Tianhe-2, with over 3 million computing cores performing 33.86 petaflo
Paris
The Eiffel Tower was built in Paris for the 1889 World's Fair to celebrate scientific and engineering achievements. At 300 meters tall, it was the world's tallest structure until the early 20th century. Though initially controversial, it is now an iconic symbol of Paris. Gustave Eiffel designed the tower using his expertise with iron supports and aerodynamics to withstand high winds, ensuring it sways less than 5 inches even in strong gusts. Its distinctive design features four support pylons tapering upward to a unified column, housing elevators and offering stunning views of Paris from its multiple platforms.
History of computer 08
The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. Some key developments mentioned include:
- The invention of early mechanical calculators like the Pascaline in 1642 and the Leibniz calculator in 1671.
- The creation of programmable looms by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804 which used punched cards, a precursor to computer programming.
- The development of the Analytical Engine by Charles Babbage in 1833, considered a first computer for being programmable and using punched cards as programs.
- The invention of the transistor at Bell Labs in 1947, replacing vacuum tubes and enabling smaller computers.
- The
history & ages of computer
- The document traces the history of computing from early counting methods like the abacus to modern computers. It outlines three ages of computing: the Dark Age from 3000 BC to 1890 which included early counting devices, the Middle Age from 1890 to 1944 which saw the development of mechanical calculators and punch card systems, and the Modern Age since 1944 which brought electronic stored-program computers like ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer. Key individuals and their inventions throughout computing history are also mentioned such as Charles Babbage, Herman Hollerith, John von Neumann, and the first commercial computer, UNIVAC.
history of computers.pptx
The history of computers began around 2000 years ago with the invention of the abacus in ancient Babylonia. In 1642, Blaise Pascal created one of the first digital computers. Herman Hollerith developed punched cards in the 1890s that could automatically read and store information without human assistance, laying the foundation for modern data processing. In 1942, the ENIAC was created at the University of Pennsylvania, occupying 1800 square feet and using 18,000 vacuum tubes. It was about 1000 times faster than previous computers. Through the 1950s-1980s, technologies like magnetic core memory, transistors, semiconductors, microprocessors advanced computing power and allowed for personal computers.
History of computer
The document provides a history of computers from pre-mechanical ages to modern electronic computers. It describes early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus and Napier's Bones used before 3000 BC. The electromechanical age from 1840-1940 saw early computers that used electricity to process information. Important early electronic computers then included ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC, and UNIVAC, which helped establish the stored-program concept and were used for scientific and business calculations. John von Neumann played a key role in the development of the stored-program architecture.
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History of the computer
Charles Babbage is considered the father of the computer. He began designing the difference engine in 1821. The abacus, invented over 5000 years ago in China, was one of the earliest devices used for calculation. The first generation of computers from 1940-1956 used vacuum tubes as their electronic technology. The ENIAC was the first electronic digital computer and used around 18,000 vacuum tubes. Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation from 1956-1963, and integrated circuits replaced transistors in the third generation from 1964-1971.
History of Computers: ABC and ENIAC
Group 9's presentation summarizes the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) and the ENIAC. The ABC, constructed in 1937-1942 at Iowa State University, was the first electronic digital computer. It influenced the design of the ENIAC, which was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer. The ENIAC, built during World War II at the University of Pennsylvania, was around 1,000 times faster than electromechanical machines and was used for ballistics calculations. It helped pave the way for modern computers.
history of computers
A computer is a general purpose device that can be programmed to carry out arithmetic and logical operations. Early forms of computing devices included the abacus in 3000 BC China and Joseph Jacquard's punched card controlled loom in 1833. Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine in 1837, which used punch cards and was a general purpose, programmable computer. The ENIAC, completed in 1945, was the first electronic general-purpose computer. Vacuum tubes were replaced by transistors in the 1950s and integrated circuits emerged, leading to advances such as the 4004 microprocessor. The most powerful supercomputer today is the Tianhe-2, with over 3 million computing cores performing 33.86 petaflo
Paris
The Eiffel Tower was built in Paris for the 1889 World's Fair to celebrate scientific and engineering achievements. At 300 meters tall, it was the world's tallest structure until the early 20th century. Though initially controversial, it is now an iconic symbol of Paris. Gustave Eiffel designed the tower using his expertise with iron supports and aerodynamics to withstand high winds, ensuring it sways less than 5 inches even in strong gusts. Its distinctive design features four support pylons tapering upward to a unified column, housing elevators and offering stunning views of Paris from its multiple platforms.
History of computer 08
The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. Some key developments mentioned include:
- The invention of early mechanical calculators like the Pascaline in 1642 and the Leibniz calculator in 1671.
- The creation of programmable looms by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804 which used punched cards, a precursor to computer programming.
- The development of the Analytical Engine by Charles Babbage in 1833, considered a first computer for being programmable and using punched cards as programs.
- The invention of the transistor at Bell Labs in 1947, replacing vacuum tubes and enabling smaller computers.
- The
history & ages of computer
- The document traces the history of computing from early counting methods like the abacus to modern computers. It outlines three ages of computing: the Dark Age from 3000 BC to 1890 which included early counting devices, the Middle Age from 1890 to 1944 which saw the development of mechanical calculators and punch card systems, and the Modern Age since 1944 which brought electronic stored-program computers like ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer. Key individuals and their inventions throughout computing history are also mentioned such as Charles Babbage, Herman Hollerith, John von Neumann, and the first commercial computer, UNIVAC.
history of computers.pptx
The history of computers began around 2000 years ago with the invention of the abacus in ancient Babylonia. In 1642, Blaise Pascal created one of the first digital computers. Herman Hollerith developed punched cards in the 1890s that could automatically read and store information without human assistance, laying the foundation for modern data processing. In 1942, the ENIAC was created at the University of Pennsylvania, occupying 1800 square feet and using 18,000 vacuum tubes. It was about 1000 times faster than previous computers. Through the 1950s-1980s, technologies like magnetic core memory, transistors, semiconductors, microprocessors advanced computing power and allowed for personal computers.
History of computer
The document provides a history of computers from pre-mechanical ages to modern electronic computers. It describes early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus and Napier's Bones used before 3000 BC. The electromechanical age from 1840-1940 saw early computers that used electricity to process information. Important early electronic computers then included ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC, and UNIVAC, which helped establish the stored-program concept and were used for scientific and business calculations. John von Neumann played a key role in the development of the stored-program architecture.
Evolution of computer_1448075245
The document traces the history and development of early computing devices from ancient counting tools like the abacus to modern computers. It discusses early pioneers like Napier, Pascal, and Leibnitz who developed early mechanical calculating devices. It then outlines the development of programmable computers through pioneers like Babbage, Hollerith, Aiken, and von Neumann. It describes the evolution of computers through five generations from vacuum tube computers to modern devices based on artificial intelligence.
history-of-computers513-converted.pdf
The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern personal computers. It describes early mechanical counting machines and computers like Pascal's calculator and Babbage's Analytical Engine. The development of vacuum tubes and transistors are highlighted as enabling the first electronic computers in the 1940s like ENIAC and UNIVAC. The invention of the integrated circuit led to the development of microprocessors and personal computers in the 1970s and 1980s by companies like Apple, IBM and Microsoft.
Introduction to computer science
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
lecture 1
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
introduction to Computer system
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
First generation of computer
The document discusses the first generation of computers from 1940-1956. These computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory storage. They were enormous, taking up entire rooms. The first computer was ENIAC, which used 18,000 vacuum tubes. First generation computers were expensive to operate due to high electricity use and heat generation, which often caused malfunctions. They had limited capabilities and were very slow compared to modern computers.
History of the computer electronic age
The document summarizes the history of computers from 1941 to the present. It describes some of the earliest computers including the Z3 (1941), Mark I (1944), and ABC computer (1942). The first generation of computers (1951-1958) used vacuum tubes and punch cards, were large, slow, and expensive. Some notable first generation computers included ENIAC (1945), UNIVAC (1951), and the IBM 701 (1953). Magnetic core memory became the fastest type of memory in the early 1950s.
History of Computer (Evolution in Computern).ppt
History of Computers
When we study the many aspects of computing and computers, it is important to know about the history of computers. Charles Babbage designed an Analytical Engine which was a general computer It helps us understand the growth and progress of technology through the times. It is also an important topic for competitive and banking exams.
What is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic machine that collects information, stores it, processes it according to user instructions, and then returns the result.
A computer is a programmable electronic device that performs arithmetic and logical operations automatically using a set of instructions provided by the user.
Early Computing Devices
People used sticks, stones, and bones as counting tools before computers were invented. More computing devices were produced as technology advanced and the human intellect improved over time. Let us look at a few of the early-age computing devices used by mankind.
Abacus
Abacus was invented by the Chinese around 4000 years ago. It’s a wooden rack with metal rods with beads attached to them. The abacus operator moves the beads according to certain guidelines to complete arithmetic computations.
Napier’s Bone
John Napier devised Napier’s Bones, a manually operated calculating apparatus. For calculating, this instrument used 9 separate ivory strips (bones) marked with numerals to multiply and divide. It was also the first machine to calculate using the decimal point system.
Pascaline
Pascaline was invented in 1642 by Biaise Pascal, a French mathematician and philosopher. It is thought to be the first mechanical and automated calculator. It was a wooden box with gears and wheels inside.
Stepped Reckoner or Leibniz wheel
In 1673, a German mathematician-philosopher named Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz improved on Pascal’s invention to create this apparatus. It was a digital mechanical calculator known as the stepped reckoner because it used fluted drums instead of gears.
Difference Engine
In the early 1820s, Charles Babbage created the Difference Engine. It was a mechanical computer that could do basic computations. It was a steam-powered calculating machine used to solve numerical tables such as logarithmic tables.
Analytical Engine
Charles Babbage created another calculating machine, the Analytical Engine, in 1830. It was a mechanical computer that took input from punch cards. It was capable of solving any mathematical problem and storing data in an indefinite memory.
Tabulating machine
An American Statistician – Herman Hollerith invented this machine in the year 1890. Tabulating Machine was a punch card-based mechanical tabulator. It could compute statistics and record or sort data or information. Hollerith began manufacturing these machines in his company, which ultimately became International Business Machines (IBM) in 1924.
Differential Analyzer
Vannevar Bush introduced the first electrical computer, the Differential Analyzer, in 1930. This mach
History of computer final
The document provides a detailed history of the development of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes the key developments and inventors that contributed to progress in five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were large, slow, and unreliable. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, further improving computers.
introduction to computer science
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and Zuse and important developments like the ENIAC, the stored-program computer concept, and integrated circuits. The objectives are to explain the functional components of computers, characteristics of computers like speed and storage, and concepts like algorithms, problem solving, and computer applications.
History and generation of a computer
Here are the answers to your questions:
1. Computer generations refer to the different stages in the technological development of computers based on major technological advances. Each generation has significant improvements in components, performance and cost from the previous generation.
2. The different computer generations are:
- First generation (1946-1958): Used vacuum tubes, magnetic drums for memory. Examples: ENIAC, UNIVAC.
- Second generation (1959-1964): Used transistors instead of vacuum tubes, magnetic core memory. Examples: IBM 1401, IBM 1620.
- Third generation (1965-1974): Used integrated circuits, semiconductor memory. Examples: IBM 360, PDP-8.
- Fourth generation (1975-1990
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER
1. Information technology refers to the use of computers and software to manage information, including storing, protecting, processing, transmitting, and retrieving information.
2. The history of information technology spans from early writing systems to modern computers. Key developments include the abacus, mechanical calculators, punch cards, mainframe computers, and personal computers.
3. Modern information technology is digital and based on integrated circuits and microprocessors. Advances like graphical user interfaces, operating systems, and the internet have driven the widespread use of personal computers and mobile devices.
History of Computer
This document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices to modern electronic digital computers. It discusses early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus and slide rule invented by John Napier. Blaise Pascal invented the first mechanical calculator called the Pascaline in 1642. Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, prototypes for the first automatic programmable computer. Herman Hollerith developed the first electro-mechanical punch card tabular in 1890. John von Neumann's work in the 1940s established the architecture for modern computers. The first general-purpose electronic digital computers, ENIAC and UNIVAC, were completed in 1946 and 1951 respectively.
02. History - Evolution of Computers
The document summarizes the evolution of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical calculating devices developed by Napier, Pascal, and Leibniz. Punched cards were introduced in the 18th century to control looms. Babbage designed analytical engines in the 1800s but they were never completed. The first digital computers like ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC and UNIVAC used vacuum tubes. The microprocessor was invented in 1969, leading to personal computers in the 1970s. Modern computers integrate all components into a single chip called a system on chip.
HISTORY OF COMPUTER ABHAY 12-2.pptx
The document summarizes the history of computers from the abacus to modern digital computers. It describes the abacus as the first calculating device used by the Chinese over 2500 years ago. It then discusses the analytical engine conceived by Charles Babbage in the 1800s, which was designed to use punched cards and was an early mechanical computer. The document next covers the tabulating machine invented by Herman Hollerith in 1889, which used punched cards to process census data and is considered the first computer for data processing. Finally, it discusses the ABC and ENIAC machines of the 1930s-40s, which helped establish digital computing and used concepts still in use today such as binary, arithmetic functions, and memory.
History of Computers
The document summarizes the history of computers from ancient counting machines to modern electronic computers. It describes the evolution from early counting devices like the abacus to modern programmable electronic computers using integrated circuits and microprocessors. Key developments included Charles Babbage's analytical engine, Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine, ENIAC as the first general-purpose electronic computer, the invention of the transistor and integrated circuit, and the introduction of the Altair computer, IBM PC, and Macintosh launching the personal computer revolution.
History of computer
This presentation is prepared by Gunjan Bhandari studying in class 9 of Baylor International Academy located in Banepa, Nepal.
4444444444.pptx
The development of computers has progressed significantly over time, starting with the first generation of computers that used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, were enormous in size, and were very expensive to operate. Early computers included ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer that was developed to calculate ballistic firing tables for the U.S. Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory during World War II. Technological advancements led to newer generations of computers that were smaller in size, less expensive to operate, and used transistors instead of vacuum tubes.
Computer History
The abacus, invented in ancient Babylonia, was one of the earliest counting aids and considered one of the first computers. In the 17th century, Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline, one of the first mechanical calculating machines. Charles Babbage designed plans for analytical engines in the 1830s but they were never fully realized. In the late 1940s, electronic digital computers were developed, using vacuum tubes, including ENIAC and EDVAC. The transistor, invented in 1947, led to smaller, faster computers and the development of the microprocessor in the 1970s enabled personal computers like the Altair 8800 in 1975 and the IBM PC in 1981. The Apple Macintosh, released in 1984
Convergence of technologies
This document summarizes the history and evolution of computers from ancient counting tools like the abacus to modern microchip-powered devices. It traces the progression from early mechanical calculators in the 1600s and 1700s to fully electronic computers in the 1930s-1940s powered by vacuum tubes. The development of transistors, integrated circuits, and microprocessors led to smaller, cheaper computers starting in the 1950s. The first microprocessor was introduced in 1971, launching the era of personal computers in the 1970s and their widespread adoption through the 1980s and 1990s as microchips continued advancing in power and capability.
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The document traces the history and development of early computing devices from ancient counting tools like the abacus to modern computers. It discusses early pioneers like Napier, Pascal, and Leibnitz who developed early mechanical calculating devices. It then outlines the development of programmable computers through pioneers like Babbage, Hollerith, Aiken, and von Neumann. It describes the evolution of computers through five generations from vacuum tube computers to modern devices based on artificial intelligence.
history-of-computers513-converted.pdf
The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern personal computers. It describes early mechanical counting machines and computers like Pascal's calculator and Babbage's Analytical Engine. The development of vacuum tubes and transistors are highlighted as enabling the first electronic computers in the 1940s like ENIAC and UNIVAC. The invention of the integrated circuit led to the development of microprocessors and personal computers in the 1970s and 1980s by companies like Apple, IBM and Microsoft.
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This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
lecture 1
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
introduction to Computer system
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
First generation of computer
The document discusses the first generation of computers from 1940-1956. These computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory storage. They were enormous, taking up entire rooms. The first computer was ENIAC, which used 18,000 vacuum tubes. First generation computers were expensive to operate due to high electricity use and heat generation, which often caused malfunctions. They had limited capabilities and were very slow compared to modern computers.
History of the computer electronic age
The document summarizes the history of computers from 1941 to the present. It describes some of the earliest computers including the Z3 (1941), Mark I (1944), and ABC computer (1942). The first generation of computers (1951-1958) used vacuum tubes and punch cards, were large, slow, and expensive. Some notable first generation computers included ENIAC (1945), UNIVAC (1951), and the IBM 701 (1953). Magnetic core memory became the fastest type of memory in the early 1950s.
History of Computer (Evolution in Computern).ppt
History of Computers
When we study the many aspects of computing and computers, it is important to know about the history of computers. Charles Babbage designed an Analytical Engine which was a general computer It helps us understand the growth and progress of technology through the times. It is also an important topic for competitive and banking exams.
What is a Computer?
A computer is an electronic machine that collects information, stores it, processes it according to user instructions, and then returns the result.
A computer is a programmable electronic device that performs arithmetic and logical operations automatically using a set of instructions provided by the user.
Early Computing Devices
People used sticks, stones, and bones as counting tools before computers were invented. More computing devices were produced as technology advanced and the human intellect improved over time. Let us look at a few of the early-age computing devices used by mankind.
Abacus
Abacus was invented by the Chinese around 4000 years ago. It’s a wooden rack with metal rods with beads attached to them. The abacus operator moves the beads according to certain guidelines to complete arithmetic computations.
Napier’s Bone
John Napier devised Napier’s Bones, a manually operated calculating apparatus. For calculating, this instrument used 9 separate ivory strips (bones) marked with numerals to multiply and divide. It was also the first machine to calculate using the decimal point system.
Pascaline
Pascaline was invented in 1642 by Biaise Pascal, a French mathematician and philosopher. It is thought to be the first mechanical and automated calculator. It was a wooden box with gears and wheels inside.
Stepped Reckoner or Leibniz wheel
In 1673, a German mathematician-philosopher named Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz improved on Pascal’s invention to create this apparatus. It was a digital mechanical calculator known as the stepped reckoner because it used fluted drums instead of gears.
Difference Engine
In the early 1820s, Charles Babbage created the Difference Engine. It was a mechanical computer that could do basic computations. It was a steam-powered calculating machine used to solve numerical tables such as logarithmic tables.
Analytical Engine
Charles Babbage created another calculating machine, the Analytical Engine, in 1830. It was a mechanical computer that took input from punch cards. It was capable of solving any mathematical problem and storing data in an indefinite memory.
Tabulating machine
An American Statistician – Herman Hollerith invented this machine in the year 1890. Tabulating Machine was a punch card-based mechanical tabulator. It could compute statistics and record or sort data or information. Hollerith began manufacturing these machines in his company, which ultimately became International Business Machines (IBM) in 1924.
Differential Analyzer
Vannevar Bush introduced the first electrical computer, the Differential Analyzer, in 1930. This mach
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The document provides a detailed history of the development of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes the key developments and inventors that contributed to progress in five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were large, slow, and unreliable. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, further improving computers.
introduction to computer science
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and Zuse and important developments like the ENIAC, the stored-program computer concept, and integrated circuits. The objectives are to explain the functional components of computers, characteristics of computers like speed and storage, and concepts like algorithms, problem solving, and computer applications.
History and generation of a computer
Here are the answers to your questions:
1. Computer generations refer to the different stages in the technological development of computers based on major technological advances. Each generation has significant improvements in components, performance and cost from the previous generation.
2. The different computer generations are:
- First generation (1946-1958): Used vacuum tubes, magnetic drums for memory. Examples: ENIAC, UNIVAC.
- Second generation (1959-1964): Used transistors instead of vacuum tubes, magnetic core memory. Examples: IBM 1401, IBM 1620.
- Third generation (1965-1974): Used integrated circuits, semiconductor memory. Examples: IBM 360, PDP-8.
- Fourth generation (1975-1990
EVOLUTION OF COMPUTER
1. Information technology refers to the use of computers and software to manage information, including storing, protecting, processing, transmitting, and retrieving information.
2. The history of information technology spans from early writing systems to modern computers. Key developments include the abacus, mechanical calculators, punch cards, mainframe computers, and personal computers.
3. Modern information technology is digital and based on integrated circuits and microprocessors. Advances like graphical user interfaces, operating systems, and the internet have driven the widespread use of personal computers and mobile devices.
History of Computer
This document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices to modern electronic digital computers. It discusses early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus and slide rule invented by John Napier. Blaise Pascal invented the first mechanical calculator called the Pascaline in 1642. Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, prototypes for the first automatic programmable computer. Herman Hollerith developed the first electro-mechanical punch card tabular in 1890. John von Neumann's work in the 1940s established the architecture for modern computers. The first general-purpose electronic digital computers, ENIAC and UNIVAC, were completed in 1946 and 1951 respectively.
02. History - Evolution of Computers
The document summarizes the evolution of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical calculating devices developed by Napier, Pascal, and Leibniz. Punched cards were introduced in the 18th century to control looms. Babbage designed analytical engines in the 1800s but they were never completed. The first digital computers like ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC and UNIVAC used vacuum tubes. The microprocessor was invented in 1969, leading to personal computers in the 1970s. Modern computers integrate all components into a single chip called a system on chip.
HISTORY OF COMPUTER ABHAY 12-2.pptx
The document summarizes the history of computers from the abacus to modern digital computers. It describes the abacus as the first calculating device used by the Chinese over 2500 years ago. It then discusses the analytical engine conceived by Charles Babbage in the 1800s, which was designed to use punched cards and was an early mechanical computer. The document next covers the tabulating machine invented by Herman Hollerith in 1889, which used punched cards to process census data and is considered the first computer for data processing. Finally, it discusses the ABC and ENIAC machines of the 1930s-40s, which helped establish digital computing and used concepts still in use today such as binary, arithmetic functions, and memory.
History of Computers
The document summarizes the history of computers from ancient counting machines to modern electronic computers. It describes the evolution from early counting devices like the abacus to modern programmable electronic computers using integrated circuits and microprocessors. Key developments included Charles Babbage's analytical engine, Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine, ENIAC as the first general-purpose electronic computer, the invention of the transistor and integrated circuit, and the introduction of the Altair computer, IBM PC, and Macintosh launching the personal computer revolution.
History of computer
This presentation is prepared by Gunjan Bhandari studying in class 9 of Baylor International Academy located in Banepa, Nepal.
4444444444.pptx
The development of computers has progressed significantly over time, starting with the first generation of computers that used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, were enormous in size, and were very expensive to operate. Early computers included ENIAC, the first electronic general-purpose computer that was developed to calculate ballistic firing tables for the U.S. Army's Ballistic Research Laboratory during World War II. Technological advancements led to newer generations of computers that were smaller in size, less expensive to operate, and used transistors instead of vacuum tubes.
Computer History
The abacus, invented in ancient Babylonia, was one of the earliest counting aids and considered one of the first computers. In the 17th century, Blaise Pascal invented the Pascaline, one of the first mechanical calculating machines. Charles Babbage designed plans for analytical engines in the 1830s but they were never fully realized. In the late 1940s, electronic digital computers were developed, using vacuum tubes, including ENIAC and EDVAC. The transistor, invented in 1947, led to smaller, faster computers and the development of the microprocessor in the 1970s enabled personal computers like the Altair 8800 in 1975 and the IBM PC in 1981. The Apple Macintosh, released in 1984
Convergence of technologies
This document summarizes the history and evolution of computers from ancient counting tools like the abacus to modern microchip-powered devices. It traces the progression from early mechanical calculators in the 1600s and 1700s to fully electronic computers in the 1930s-1940s powered by vacuum tubes. The development of transistors, integrated circuits, and microprocessors led to smaller, cheaper computers starting in the 1950s. The first microprocessor was introduced in 1971, launching the era of personal computers in the 1970s and their widespread adoption through the 1980s and 1990s as microchips continued advancing in power and capability.
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Chirstmas
The document provides a history of Christmas trees and their origins. It discusses how evergreen trees have long been used in winter festivals by pagans and early Christians. The tradition of Christmas trees began around 1000 AD in Northern Europe, though early trees were sometimes hung upside down or made of other plants or wooden pyramids. The first documented trees used for Christmas celebrations were in Tallinn, Estonia in 1441 and Riga, Latvia in 1510. Martin Luther is credited with bringing the tree into homes in the 16th century. Christmas trees became popular in Britain after Queen Victoria had one in Windsor Castle in the 1840s. The document also provides background on the origins of Santa Claus from St. Nicholas.
My Birthday
My last birthday party was on March 9th when I turned nine years old. I celebrated at my school with my mother, sister, and friends where we sang, danced, ate, drank and had a good time together. My favorite present was a beautiful pink cake with lots of fruit that my mother brought which made me happy even though I was feeling ill.
My last birtday
My last birthday party was on March 9th when I turned nine years old. I wore a nice blue dress and received gifts from my mother, sister, and school friends including a beautiful pink cake with many fruits. We celebrated at my school where I played, danced, ate, drank and sang with my good friends and had a happy time, even though I was ill.
My last birtday
The document describes the author's last birthday party which was celebrated at school on March 9th when they turned nine years old. They wore a nice blue dress and received a beautiful pink cake decorated with fruits as a present. During the party at their good and beautiful school, their mother, sister, and friends like Anahit, Manon, Nare, Srbhuhi, Lucy, Mane, and Julia sang for them. Despite being ill, the author was happy and had a good time playing, dancing, eating, drinking, and singing with friends.
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A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two Hearts
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
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LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
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advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
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The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
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land.
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Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
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crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
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Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
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Computers history
- 2. The first computer was the giant ENIAC machine by John W. Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at the University of Pennsylvania. ENIAC (Electrical Numerical Integrator and Calculator) used a word of 10 decimal digits instead of binary ones like previous automated calculators/computers. ENIAC was also the first machine to use more than 2,000 vacuum tubes, using nearly 18,000 vacuum tubes.
- 4. Storage of all those vacuum tubes and the machinery required to keep the cool took up over 167 square meters (1800 square feet) of floor space. Nonetheless, it had punched-card input and output and arithmetically had 1 multiplier, 1 divider-square rooter, and 20 adders employing decimal "ring counters," which served as adders and also as quick-access (0.0002 seconds) read-write register storage.
- 6. Information in this Website․ Goodbye!