The document discusses computerized accounting, highlighting its benefits such as labor and time savings, increased accuracy, and fraud minimization. It contrasts manual accounting with computerized accounting, emphasizing the efficiency of automated systems in processing transactions and generating reports. While acknowledging the high costs and maintenance of computerized systems, it concludes that the accountant's role evolves rather than becomes obsolete, allowing for greater organizational contribution.

2. OBJECT OF STUDY
 To study about computerized accounting.
 To study about manual vs computerized
accounting.

3. INTRODUCTION
A computerized accounting system is a
software program that is stored on a
company's computer, network server, or
remotely accessed via the Internet and it can
be a great benefit for a business. It can help
streamline accounting steps and help
minimize errors.

4. OBJECTIVE OF COMPUTERIZED
ACCOUNTING
 Labor Saving:
Labor saving is the main aim of introduction of computers in
accounting. It refers to annual savings in labor cost or increase in the
volume of work handled by the existing staff.
 Time Saving:
Savings in time is another object of computerization. Computers
should be used whenever it is important to save time. It is important
that jobs should be completed in a specified time such as the
preparation of pay rolls and statement of accounts.Time so saved
by using computers may be used for other jobs.


5.  Minimization of Frauds:
Computer is mainly installed to minimize the chances
of frauds committed by the employees, especially in
maintaining the books of accounts and handling cash.
 Effect on Personnel:
Computer relieves the manual drudgery, reduces the
hardness of work and fatigue, and to that extent
improves the morale of the employees.
 Accuracy:
Accuracy in accounting statements and books of
accounts is the most important in business.This can
be done without any errors or mistakes with the help
of computers. It also helps to locate the errors and
frauds very easily.

6. ROLE OF COMPUTERIZED
ACCOUNTING
 The manual system of recording accounting
transactions requires maintaining books of accounts
such as journal, cash book, special purpose books, and
ledger and so on. From these books summary of
transactions and financial statements are prepared
manually.
 The advanced technology involves various machines,
which can perform different accounting functions, for
example a billing machine. This machine is capable of
computing discount, adding net total and posting the
requisite data to the relevant accounts.

7. FEATURES OFACOMPUTERISED
ACCOUNTING PROGRAM
 Inputting invoices, credit notes, receipts and
payments
 By entering one transaction all of the double entry
is completed for you. (Because a computerised
accounting system is fully integrated)
 There may be a separate payroll program
 Generating Management reports

8. COMPUTERIZED ACCOUNTING
SYSTEM
Advantages Dis-advantages
 All banking activities are
done by using computer
system
 Transaction can be done
anywhere and anytime
 It takes shorten time for
any banking process
 Cost of computerized
system is very high
 High cost for maintenance
 The system can be infected
by viruses
 Member of workers have
to be reduce as they are no
longer needed

9. MANUALACCOUNTING vs COMPUTERIZED
ACCOUNTING
 Manual accounting is the
system in which we keep
physical register of journal and
ledger for keeping the records
of each transaction.
 In manual accounting, all
calculation of adding and
subtracting are done manually.
 In this system of accounting,
we use computer and different
accounting software for digital
record of each transaction.
 In computerized accounting,
our duty is to record the
transactions manually in the
database. All the calculations
are done by computer system.

10.  In manual accounting, we check
the journal and then we transfer
figures to related accounts' debit
or credit side through manual
posting.
o Both adjustment journal entries
and its posting in the ledger
accounts will be done manually
one by one.
 We have to make the financial
statements manually by careful
transferring trial balance's figures
in income statement and balance
sheet.
 Computerized accounting system
will automatically process the
system and will make all the
accounts ledgers because we have
pass the voucher entries under its
respected ledger account.
o Only adjustment entries will pass in
the computerized accounting
system, posting in the ledger
accounts will be done automatically.
 We need not prepare financial
statement manually, financial
statements will become
automatically.

11. Developments of computer
accounting
In the most general terms, CAATs can refer to any
computer program utilized to improve the audit
process.(ComputerAssisted AuditingTechniques)
Generally, however, it is used to refer to any data
extraction and analysis software.
This would include programs such as spreadsheets
(e.g. Excel), databases (e.g. Access), statistical
analysis (e.g. SAS), business intelligence
(e.g. Crystal Reports and Business Objects), etc.
Specialized Software

12. CONCLUSIONS
 you would have realized that although
computerized accounting systems are labour
-saving, it is not without disadvantages. An
accountant is not made redundant with the
introduction of computerized accounting but
his job scope is redefined such that he is able
to add value to the managing of the
organization concerned.