This document provides an overview of various topics related to computer systems and technology. It discusses input devices, output devices, types of printers, processing data through bits and bytes, different types of storage devices, measuring disk performance, using operating systems, and computer networks. The document also outlines topics that will be covered on the midterm and final exams.

1. Summery : Theory
Midterm & Finale
Fazlea Allahie

2. Objective
 Introducing Computer Systems
 Looking Inside the Computer System
 Interacting with your computer
 Inputting Data in Other ways
 Video & sound
 The Internet & the world wide web
 email & other Internet Services
 Printing
 Processing Data
 Types of Storage Devices
 Measuring & Improving drive performance
 Using Operating Systems
 Networks
Midterm
Finale

4. Finale
 P r i n t i n g
Today’s world users can’t imagine
working without a Printer. Printing is
essential in most workplace to share
budgets, memos & other purposes.
Types : Most popular Three Types of
Printers
LASER
DOT
MATRIX
INK JET
DOT MATRIX : Most Commonly used Printing
Devices. It works Produce Sheets of Plain
Text very Quickly.
Speed : Slowest 50-70
Characters & Fastest
500 CPS Per Second
Resolutions : Lowest 9
Pins & Highest 24 Pins

5. Finale
 P r i n t i n g
LEASER : Laser is more expensive than Ink
Jet Printers & Quality is Higher & Faster.
It works like Electronic Gun to Target any
Pixel.
Resolutions : 300 0r 600 both Vertically &
Horizontally
INK JET : It Create Image directly on the
paper by Spraying ink through Tiny Nozzles
Color: It’s have four
Nozzles - > Blue/ Magenta
(Red)/ Yellow & Black
Same As
Non-Impact
Printer

6.  Processing Data
DATA : Data Consist of the raw numbers that
computers organize to produce Information
BITS: A Single Units of Data is Called Bit
& 8 bit make up on Byte.
Text Codes : A system, numbers would
represent the letters, punctuation marks &
other Symbols. 04 Most popular Text Code
Systems are-
UNICODE
EXTENDED ASCII
ASCII
EBCDIC

7. CPU : CPU is the “brain’ of the computer
where data is manipulated.
CONTROL UNIT
CPU has Two Basic Parts
ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT
MEMORY : The CPU needs to have millions of bytes of Space when it
can quickly read or write program & data & is called Memory.
02 TYPES
Non Volatile
Nonvolatile chips hold data even the computer is
unplugged
Volatile
Memory lose their contents when the computers
power is shut off
PROM – Programmable
read only memory
ROM RAM

8. FLASH MEMORY : This is Special Type of
non Volatile Memory, It Used in Portable
digital devices for Storage. Different Types
Digital
Camera
MP3 Player USB
Game
Consoles
THE BUS : A bus is a path between the
Components of a computer. System bus has
two parts.
Data Bus Address Bus

9. Magnetic Storage Devices
 Types of Storage Devices
Diskettes Hard Disk
Floppy Disk Memory Tape
FAT : File Allocation Table FAT 32: Upgrade Version
FAT 16: It was used in MS-DOS
Early Windows Operating System
OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICES: The most Popular
alternatives to magnetic Storage Systems
CD-ROM , DVD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW,
DVD-RW, DVD-RAM, PHOTO CD

10.  Measuring & Improving drive performance
DISK CLEANUP : Built-in- Utility called Disk
Cleanup or Uninstalling
FILE COPMRESSION : File Compression
or data Compression is the Technology for
Shrinking the Size of a File to keep more Data.
WINZIP: Is Compressim for PC
 Using Operating Systems
OS : Software Program & Master Control
Program. It Organize 04 major Types
REAL TIME / Single Tasking User/ Single
User Multi Tasking / Multi User Multi
Tasking

11.  Using Operating Systems
GUI : Pronounced Goo-ee is a graphical
user interface short form GUI
RIGHT CLICK : Clicking on right side
of the windows, a small menu appears. The
most common command associated with the
object.
SCREEN SAVERS : This is Popular
Utilities although they serve little purpose.
Automatically appears keyboard or pointing
device.
MENU BAR : Program windows
Horizontal List called Menu Bar

12.  Networks
NETWORK : Set of Technologies
Including Hardware, Software & Media.
To Share Data & Programs.
Common Type of Networks
LOCAL AREA NETWORKS (LANs)
WIDE AREA NETWORKS (WANs)
HYBRID NETWORKS
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORKS (MANs)
CAMPAS AREA NETWORKS (CANs)
HOME AREA NETWORKS (HANs)
WIRE-BASED MEDIA : The most
common media for data communications are
Twisted pair wire. Example- Coaxial/ Fiber Optic
/ Wireless links

13. WIRELESS MEDIA : This network use
Radio signals through the Air or either for
Transmission Data. Use also Satellite &
Microwave Communication.
GATE WAY : To create a communication
between different types of network placed
at a junction between two or more
Networks.
PROTOCOL : A Protocol as an agreed
upon format for transmitting data
between two devices.
TCP / IP, IPX / SPX & NET
BIOS

14.  Midterm
1 Introducing Computer Systems
2 Looking Inside the Computer System
3 Interacting with your computer
4 Inputting Data in Other ways
5 Video & sound
6 The Internet & the world wide web
7 email & other Internet Services

15. COMPUTER : A computer is an
electronic device that process data,
converting it into Information.
Example – Analog / Digital
COMPLETE COMPUTER SYSTEM
HARDWARE / SOFTWARE/ DATA /
USERS
COMPUTER HARDWARE : MAJOR
04 CATEGORIES
PROCESSOR – LIKE THE
BRAIN
MEMORY
INPUT & OUTPUT STORAGE

16. INPUT DEVICES : Keyboard & Mouse
OUTPUT DEVICES : Monitor & Printer
DATA : Data can be Text, Numbers, Sounds
& Images
INFORMATION : Using all parts together a
computer converts data into Information by
performing various actions on the data.
OPERATING SYSTEM : An operating
system tells the computer how to use its own
component
Windows Linux Mac ox

17. Hardware & Software
SoftwareHardware
GRAPHICS CARD & MORE
PROCESSOR
STORAGE
MOTHER BOARD
RAM
MS EXCEL
MS WORD
SOUND
MS OFFICE
WINDOWS (OS)
ADOBE

18. Most Major Keyboard
ALPHANUMERIC KEYS - QWERT
THE CURSOR – MOVEMENT KEYS -
By Without Using Mouse
THE MODIFIER KEYS – Shift/ALT & CTRL
NUMERIC KEYPAD – Right Side Keyboard
With 10 Digits Operations
THE FUNCTIONAL KEYS – F1, F2, &
More

19. Chat
Instant Message
Electronic Mail
News
& More…
File Transfer
Protocol (FTP)
Online Service
Network of

20. Email In Business Communication
Fastest Modern Business Communications Guider.
Out Sourcing
Record Keeping Low Cost
Networking
Marketing
Job & Career
Development

21. Information Technology In Tourism Industry
Transport
Computer Reservation
System (CRS)
Global Distribution
Systems
Tourism Marketing

23. THE END