Early computing devices included the abacus invented over 5,000 years ago in China. In the 17th century, John Napier invented Napier's Bones, a device for multiplication, and Blaise Pascal created the Pascaline calculator for addition and subtraction. In the 19th century, Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, considered the first programmable computer. The Analytical Engine concept formed the basis for modern computers. In the 20th century, Howard Aiken invented the Mark 1, the first electronic computer, while ENIAC, completed in 1946, was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer.
The document provides a brief history of the development of calculating machines and early computers from ancient times to the 1980s. It describes inventions like the abacus, Napier's Bones, the Pascaline, Leibnitz's calculator, the Difference Engine, Hollerith's tabulating machine, the UNIVAC, the Altair 8800, the Apple I, Apple II, Lisa, Macintosh, and the original IBM PC. These inventions helped advance calculating and computing capabilities from basic arithmetic to programmable general purpose computers.
Since ancient times, humans have worked to develop tools to help with tasks like counting and calculations. The abacus, invented over 4,000 years ago in China, was one of the earliest counting devices, allowing easier addition and subtraction. Later inventions included Pascal's calculator in 1642, the first mechanical calculator; Leibniz's calculator in 1673, which could also multiply and find square roots; and Jacquard's loom in 1801, which used punch cards to automate patterns in textile production. These early electromechanical devices paved the way for computers.
The document traces the evolution of computers from ancient manual calculating devices like the abacus and Napier's bones, to early electromechanical machines in the 17th-18th centuries developed by Pascal, Leibniz, and Babbage. It then discusses the development of programmable electromechanical computers in the mid-20th century like the Harvard Mark 1. The first electronic, digital computers that used vacuum tubes in the 1940s-1950s are also outlined, followed by the transition to transistors, integrated circuits, and microprocessors in subsequent generations from the 1950s to present.
The document traces the development of computers from early counting machines like the abacus to modern devices. It discusses early mechanical calculators invented by Pascal and Leibniz. Important early electronic computers include ENIAC, Colossus, the Harvard Mark 1. The development of transistors led to smaller second generation computers. Integrated circuits were used in third generation computers. The microprocessor and personal computer launched the fourth generation of portable devices. Future computers may use quantum computing and artificial intelligence.
This document provides an overview of the history of computing and calculating devices. It begins with ancient calculating aids like the abacus and discusses early pioneers in mathematics and computing including John Napier, Blaise Pascal, Gottfried Leibniz, and Charles Babbage. It then covers the development of programmable machines like Jacquard's loom and Babbage's Analytical Engine. The document continues with a discussion of early electronic computers like the ENIAC, UNIVAC, and IBM mainframes. It concludes with an overview of the first two generations of computers, from the vacuum tube computers of the first generation to the transistor computers of the second generation.
The document provides a history of computers from ancient calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical calculating devices invented by Pascal and Babbage, including the Pascaline adding machine and Babbage's analytical engine, considered one of the first computers. It also discusses the use of punched cards to store and process data, as well as important figures like Ada Lovelace who wrote an algorithm for Babbage's analytical engine.
The document provides a history of early computing devices and the evolution of computers through generations. It describes the earliest manual mechanical devices like the abacus. It then outlines the development of mechanical aids like Napier's Bones in the 1600s, the Pascaline adding machine in 1642, and Leibniz's Stepped Reckoner in 1694. The Jacquard loom of 1801 was an early programmable machine. Charles Babbage designed analytical engines in the 1800s but they were not completed. Herman Hollerith invented the tabulating machine using punched cards for automated data processing. Early electronic computers of the 1940s-50s included ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC and UNIV
Early computing devices included the abacus invented over 5,000 years ago in China. In the 17th century, John Napier invented Napier's Bones, a device for multiplication, and Blaise Pascal created the Pascaline calculator for addition and subtraction. In the 19th century, Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, considered the first programmable computer. The Analytical Engine concept formed the basis for modern computers. In the 20th century, Howard Aiken invented the Mark 1, the first electronic computer, while ENIAC, completed in 1946, was the first general-purpose electronic digital computer.
The document provides a brief history of the development of calculating machines and early computers from ancient times to the 1980s. It describes inventions like the abacus, Napier's Bones, the Pascaline, Leibnitz's calculator, the Difference Engine, Hollerith's tabulating machine, the UNIVAC, the Altair 8800, the Apple I, Apple II, Lisa, Macintosh, and the original IBM PC. These inventions helped advance calculating and computing capabilities from basic arithmetic to programmable general purpose computers.
Since ancient times, humans have worked to develop tools to help with tasks like counting and calculations. The abacus, invented over 4,000 years ago in China, was one of the earliest counting devices, allowing easier addition and subtraction. Later inventions included Pascal's calculator in 1642, the first mechanical calculator; Leibniz's calculator in 1673, which could also multiply and find square roots; and Jacquard's loom in 1801, which used punch cards to automate patterns in textile production. These early electromechanical devices paved the way for computers.
The document traces the evolution of computers from ancient manual calculating devices like the abacus and Napier's bones, to early electromechanical machines in the 17th-18th centuries developed by Pascal, Leibniz, and Babbage. It then discusses the development of programmable electromechanical computers in the mid-20th century like the Harvard Mark 1. The first electronic, digital computers that used vacuum tubes in the 1940s-1950s are also outlined, followed by the transition to transistors, integrated circuits, and microprocessors in subsequent generations from the 1950s to present.
The document traces the development of computers from early counting machines like the abacus to modern devices. It discusses early mechanical calculators invented by Pascal and Leibniz. Important early electronic computers include ENIAC, Colossus, the Harvard Mark 1. The development of transistors led to smaller second generation computers. Integrated circuits were used in third generation computers. The microprocessor and personal computer launched the fourth generation of portable devices. Future computers may use quantum computing and artificial intelligence.
This document provides an overview of the history of computing and calculating devices. It begins with ancient calculating aids like the abacus and discusses early pioneers in mathematics and computing including John Napier, Blaise Pascal, Gottfried Leibniz, and Charles Babbage. It then covers the development of programmable machines like Jacquard's loom and Babbage's Analytical Engine. The document continues with a discussion of early electronic computers like the ENIAC, UNIVAC, and IBM mainframes. It concludes with an overview of the first two generations of computers, from the vacuum tube computers of the first generation to the transistor computers of the second generation.
The document provides a history of computers from ancient calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes early mechanical calculating devices invented by Pascal and Babbage, including the Pascaline adding machine and Babbage's analytical engine, considered one of the first computers. It also discusses the use of punched cards to store and process data, as well as important figures like Ada Lovelace who wrote an algorithm for Babbage's analytical engine.
The document provides a history of early computing devices and the evolution of computers through generations. It describes the earliest manual mechanical devices like the abacus. It then outlines the development of mechanical aids like Napier's Bones in the 1600s, the Pascaline adding machine in 1642, and Leibniz's Stepped Reckoner in 1694. The Jacquard loom of 1801 was an early programmable machine. Charles Babbage designed analytical engines in the 1800s but they were not completed. Herman Hollerith invented the tabulating machine using punched cards for automated data processing. Early electronic computers of the 1940s-50s included ENIAC, EDVAC, EDSAC and UNIV
The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern personal computers. It describes early mechanical counting machines and computers like Pascal's calculator and Babbage's Analytical Engine. The development of vacuum tubes and transistors are highlighted as enabling the first electronic computers in the 1940s like ENIAC and UNIVAC. The invention of the integrated circuit led to the development of microprocessors and personal computers in the 1970s and 1980s by companies like Apple, IBM and Microsoft.
The document provides a detailed history of the development of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes the key developments and inventors that contributed to progress in five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were large, slow, and unreliable. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, further improving computers.
The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. Some key developments mentioned include:
- The invention of early mechanical calculators like the Pascaline in 1642 and the Leibniz calculator in 1671.
- The creation of programmable looms by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804 which used punched cards, a precursor to computer programming.
- The development of the Analytical Engine by Charles Babbage in 1833, considered a first computer for being programmable and using punched cards as programs.
- The invention of the transistor at Bell Labs in 1947, replacing vacuum tubes and enabling smaller computers.
- The
Lecture (1) Computer and its detailed history.pptxAhmadAdil10
Asslamualikum,
i'm Hafiz Ahmad Adil , i'm done MSCS.
In this slide presentation i'm covered detailed history of computer. Hope you like it.
Remember me in prayers.
JazakALLAH.
The document summarizes the history of computers in three ages: the dark ages from 3000 BC to 1890 AD, when early mechanical calculating devices were developed; the middle ages from 1890 to 1944, bringing advances like the Harvard Mark I and ENIAC electronic computers; and the modern ages from 1944 onward, marked by IBM's System/360 in 1964, the Apple I in 1976, the IBM PC in 1981, and the Macintosh in 1984.
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and Zuse and important developments like the ENIAC, the stored-program computer concept, and integrated circuits. The objectives are to explain the functional components of computers, characteristics of computers like speed and storage, and concepts like algorithms, problem solving, and computer applications.
The document summarizes the history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes the evolution from early mechanical computers invented by Pascal and Leibniz to electronic computers like the Analytical Engine and Mark 1. It then outlines the five generations of computers, defining each generation by the integrated circuitry and describing examples from each era, from transistor computers to modern devices using artificial intelligence.
- The document traces the history of computing from early counting methods like the abacus to modern computers. It outlines three ages of computing: the Dark Age from 3000 BC to 1890 which included early counting devices, the Middle Age from 1890 to 1944 which saw the development of mechanical calculators and punch card systems, and the Modern Age since 1944 which brought electronic stored-program computers like ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer. Key individuals and their inventions throughout computing history are also mentioned such as Charles Babbage, Herman Hollerith, John von Neumann, and the first commercial computer, UNIVAC.
Introduction to Computing Lecture 01 history of computersMuhammad Bilal
Slides Include history of computers ,historical background of computer ,generations of computer ,introduction to computers ,computer history ,abacus, earliest computing devices, introduction to computing, introduction to computers, historical background of computers
Content Credits: Arthur Glenn(SlideShare.net)
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
The document traces the evolution of computing devices, beginning with early counting tools like fingers and pebbles. It describes the abacus, the first known mechanical computing device, as well as Napier's bones and devices created by Blaise Pascal and Gottfried Leibniz to perform mathematical calculations. The document outlines key inventions like Joseph Marie Jacquard's use of punch cards to program textile looms and Charles Babbage's designs for early mechanical general-purpose computers. It also mentions Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine and the creation of the ABC computer by John Vincent Atanasoff and Clifford Berry, which used several principles found in modern computers.
The document provides a history of computers from ancient calculating devices like the abacus to early modern computers. It describes inventions like Napier's Bones, the slide rule, Pascal's calculator, and the stepped reckoner that helped advance calculating capabilities. Punched cards were introduced that could store data and instructions. Figures like Babbage, Hollerith, and Von Neumann then developed early programmable computers like the Mark I, ENIAC, and EDVAC. The first computer for commercial use was the UNIVAC, which was given to the US Bureau of Census in 1951.
A computer consists of a system unit, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It has gone through several generations from using valves to integrated circuits. Key inventions include the transistor which replaced vacuum tubes, making computers smaller, faster and more efficient. The integrated circuit further revolutionized electronics by incorporating multiple transistors onto a single chip. Together these innovations helped lead to the development of personal computers in the 1970s and 1980s, including the Altair, Apple I, IBM PC and technologies like floppy disks, hard disks and Microsoft Windows operating system.
This document provides an overview of the history of computers from early counting devices like Napier's Bones to modern computers. It begins with definitions of a computer as an electronic device that stores, retrieves, and processes data. Then it discusses several important early mechanical calculating devices and computers from the 17th century onward, including Pascaline, the Difference Engine, and Analytical Engine. It continues with later inventions like the Tabulating Machine, Differential Analyzer, and Mark I computer. The document aims to teach students the basic concepts of computers and discuss the history leading to modern programmable digital computers.
The document summarizes the history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes the major milestones like the Pascaline mechanical calculator, Babbage's Analytical Engine, the first programmable computer Mark I, and the five generations of computers from vacuum tubes to integrated circuits and microprocessors. Each generation saw improvements in speed, size, cost and capabilities as new technologies like transistors, integrated circuits, and microchips were developed.
This is a short history of Computer. You can get benefit from it if you want to have an idea about the developments in the story of computer technology.
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTjpsjournal1
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
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The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern personal computers. It describes early mechanical counting machines and computers like Pascal's calculator and Babbage's Analytical Engine. The development of vacuum tubes and transistors are highlighted as enabling the first electronic computers in the 1940s like ENIAC and UNIVAC. The invention of the integrated circuit led to the development of microprocessors and personal computers in the 1970s and 1980s by companies like Apple, IBM and Microsoft.
The document provides a detailed history of the development of computers from early calculating devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes the key developments and inventors that contributed to progress in five generations of computers. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were large, slow, and unreliable. The second generation used transistors, making computers smaller, faster, and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, further improving computers.
The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. Some key developments mentioned include:
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- The creation of programmable looms by Joseph Marie Jacquard in 1804 which used punched cards, a precursor to computer programming.
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Lecture (1) Computer and its detailed history.pptxAhmadAdil10
Asslamualikum,
i'm Hafiz Ahmad Adil , i'm done MSCS.
In this slide presentation i'm covered detailed history of computer. Hope you like it.
Remember me in prayers.
JazakALLAH.
The document summarizes the history of computers in three ages: the dark ages from 3000 BC to 1890 AD, when early mechanical calculating devices were developed; the middle ages from 1890 to 1944, bringing advances like the Harvard Mark I and ENIAC electronic computers; and the modern ages from 1944 onward, marked by IBM's System/360 in 1964, the Apple I in 1976, the IBM PC in 1981, and the Macintosh in 1984.
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and Zuse and important developments like the ENIAC, the stored-program computer concept, and integrated circuits. The objectives are to explain the functional components of computers, characteristics of computers like speed and storage, and concepts like algorithms, problem solving, and computer applications.
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- The document traces the history of computing from early counting methods like the abacus to modern computers. It outlines three ages of computing: the Dark Age from 3000 BC to 1890 which included early counting devices, the Middle Age from 1890 to 1944 which saw the development of mechanical calculators and punch card systems, and the Modern Age since 1944 which brought electronic stored-program computers like ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer. Key individuals and their inventions throughout computing history are also mentioned such as Charles Babbage, Herman Hollerith, John von Neumann, and the first commercial computer, UNIVAC.
Introduction to Computing Lecture 01 history of computersMuhammad Bilal
Slides Include history of computers ,historical background of computer ,generations of computer ,introduction to computers ,computer history ,abacus, earliest computing devices, introduction to computing, introduction to computers, historical background of computers
Content Credits: Arthur Glenn(SlideShare.net)
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
This document provides an introduction to computer science, covering the history of computers from the abacus to modern electronic computers. It discusses early pioneers like Babbage, Turing, and von Neumann and important early computers like the ENIAC. The document defines what a computer is, describing it as an electronic device that accepts input, processes it, stores it, and provides output. It also provides some key facts about the development of computers and operating systems over time.
The document traces the evolution of computing devices, beginning with early counting tools like fingers and pebbles. It describes the abacus, the first known mechanical computing device, as well as Napier's bones and devices created by Blaise Pascal and Gottfried Leibniz to perform mathematical calculations. The document outlines key inventions like Joseph Marie Jacquard's use of punch cards to program textile looms and Charles Babbage's designs for early mechanical general-purpose computers. It also mentions Herman Hollerith's tabulating machine and the creation of the ABC computer by John Vincent Atanasoff and Clifford Berry, which used several principles found in modern computers.
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This document provides an overview of the history of computers from early counting devices like Napier's Bones to modern computers. It begins with definitions of a computer as an electronic device that stores, retrieves, and processes data. Then it discusses several important early mechanical calculating devices and computers from the 17th century onward, including Pascaline, the Difference Engine, and Analytical Engine. It continues with later inventions like the Tabulating Machine, Differential Analyzer, and Mark I computer. The document aims to teach students the basic concepts of computers and discuss the history leading to modern programmable digital computers.
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3. History of Computer
ABACUS :
The first calculating device ABACUS was invented in Egypt
The abacus is still in use in some countries especially China, Japan
Operations
o Addition
o Subtraction
o Division
o Multiplication
5. NAPIER'S, BONES
Another calculating device developed in 1614 by a scientist, whose name was John, Napier.
This device calls Napier's bones because it consists of rods made up of bones and could easily
use for multiplication and division.
6. PASCALINE
The Pascaline was designed and built by the French mathematician-philosopher Blaise Pascal
between 1642 and 1644.
First Mechanical calculator
It could only do addition and subtraction.
8. PUNCHED CARD
1890: Herman Hollerith
o American Inventor
Developed devices that were able to read information which had been punched
into cards automatically
Developed a machine called census machine
o Capable of reading the numbers, characters and special symbols
10. ENIAC
First general purpose electronic computer
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer)
Developed during World War II
ENIAC filled an entire room and weighed about 30 tons
Capable of performing arithmetic operations, square roots, and other calculations.
13. COMPUTERS GENERATION
5 Generations of Computers
Generations Time Period Technology Used
1st 1940s – 1950s Vaccum Tube based
2nd 1950s – 1960s Transistor based
3rd 1960s – 1970s Integrated Circuit based
4th 1970s – Present Microprocessor based
5th Present – Future Artificial Intelligence based