History of computers

1. 1

2. The abacus, also
called a counting frame, is
a calculating tool used
primarily in parts of Asia
for performing arithmetic
processes. In the period
2700–2300 BC saw the first
appearance of the
Sumerian abacus. It was
created by the Chinese.
Abacus
2

3. In 1617, John Napier
introduced a system called
"Napiers Bones," made
from horn, bone or ivory
the device allowed the
capability of multiplying by
adding numbers and
dividing by subtracting.
Napiers Bones
3

4. In 1642, Frances
Blaise Pascal invents a
machine, called the
Pascaline, that can add,
subtract, and carry
between digits.
Pascaline
4

5. In 1674, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz
creates a machine that can add, subtract,
multiply and divide automatically.
Leibnitz Calculator
5

6. In 1725, An early form of punch cards
begin to be used in textile looms. But in 1804,
Frances Joseph-Marie Jacquard completes his
fully automated loom that is programmed by
punched cards.
Punch cards
6

7. In 1820, Thomas de Colmar creates the first
reliable, useful and commercially successful
mechanical calculating machine.
Arithmometer
7

8. In 1821, Charles Babbage invents the
Difference Engine. A Difference Engine is an
automatic, mechanical calculator designed to
tabulate polynomial functions. Both logarithmic
and trigonometric functions can be
approximated by polynomials, so a difference
engine can compute many useful sets of
numbers.
Difference Engine
8

9. 9

10. In 1838, Samuel Morse invents a code
(later called Morse code) that used different
numbers to represent the letters of the English
alphabet and the then digits.
Morse Code
10

11. In 1888, William S. Burroughs patents a
printing adding machine.
Printing Adding Machine
11

12. In 1896, Herman Hollerith starts the
Tabulating Machine Company, the company
later becomes the well-known computer
company IBM (International Business
machines). It is used to record and store
information onto punch cards to be used for
the US census.
Hollerith’s Tabulating Machine
12

13. 13

14. In 1911, Company now known as IBM on
is incorporated June 15, 1911 in the state of
New York as the Computing - Tabulating -
Recording Company (C-T-R), a consolidation
of the Computing Scale Company, and The
International Time Recording Company. But In
1924, The Computing - Tabulating - Recording
(C-T-R) company is renamed to IBM on
February 14, 1924.
IBM
14

15. In 1936, John Dvorak receives a patent for
the Dvorak keyboard May 12, 1936.
15

16. In 1937, Alan Turing invents the Turing Test.
16

17. In 1940, Konrad Zuse completes the first
fully functioning electro-mechanical computer
of the world.
17

18. In 1943, First electronic general purpose
computer: ENIAC. It was the first general-
purpose electronic computer.
Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer
18

19. In 1944, First stored program computer is
invented, the EDVAC. the EDVAC was built for the U.S.
Army's Ballistics Research Laboratory at the Aberdeen
Proving Ground by the University of Pennsylvania's
Moore School of Electrical Engineering.
Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
19

20. 20

21. In 1945, First computer "bug" reported.
The first computer bug is a moth.
21

22. In 1948, First commercial computer is
created, called the UNIVAC.
UNIVersal Automatic Computer
22

23. The MITS Altair 8800 was a microcomputer
design from 1975 based on the Intel 8080 CPU and
sold by mail order through advertisements in
Popular Electronics, Radio-Electronics and other
hobbyist magazines. The designers hoped to sell
only a few hundred build-it-yourself kits to
hobbyists, and were surprised when they sold
thousands in the first month
Altair 8800
23

24. 24

25. The Apple I, also known as the Apple-1,
was an early personal computer. They were
designed and hand-built by Steve Wozniak.
Wozniak's friend Steve Jobs had the idea of
selling the computer. The Apple I was Apple's
first product, demonstrated in April 1976 at the
Homebrew Computer Club in Palo Alto,
California.
Apple I
25

26. 26

27. The Apple II is an 8-bit home computer,
one of the first highly successful mass-produced
microcomputer products, designed primarily by
Steve Wozniak, manufactured by Apple
Computer (now Apple Inc.) and introduced in
1977. It is the first model in a series of
computers which were produced until Apple IIe
production ceased in November 1993.
Apple II
27

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29. The Apple Lisa was a personal computer
designed by Apple Computer, Inc. (now Apple,
Inc.) during the early 1980s.
The Lisa project was started at Apple in 1978
and evolved into a project to design a powerful
personal computer with a graphical user
interface (GUI) that would be targeted toward
business customers.
LISA
29

30. 30

31. The Macintosh (pronounced,or Mac, is a series
of several lines of personal computers designed,
developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. The first
Macintosh was introduced on January 24, 1984;
it was the first commercially successful personal
computer to feature a mouse and a graphical
user interface rather than a command-line
interface.
Macintosh
31

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33. The IBM Personal Computer, commonly
known as the IBM PC, is the original version and
progenitor of the IBM PC compatible hardware
platform. It is IBM model number 5150, and was
introduced on August 12, 1981.
IBM
33

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