The document discusses the history and applications of the Internet. It begins by defining the Internet as a worldwide network of networks that connects millions of computers and allows users to send email, browse information, and transfer files. It then describes how the Internet developed from early networks and protocols. The remainder of the document outlines several major Internet applications including the World Wide Web, email, mailing lists, file transfer protocol, telnet, and internet relay chat. It concludes with statistics on the rapid growth of Internet hosts over time.

1. INTERNET AND ITS VARIOUS APPLICATIONND

2. WHAT IS INTERNET ?Internet: A worldwide network of networks. It is also the network of networks that connects millions computers (called hosts). The Internet is the virtual space in which users send and receive email, login to remote computers (telnet), browse databases of information (gopher, World Wide Web, WAIS), and send and receive programs (ftp) contained on these computers. The largest network of networks in the world.Uses TCP/IP protocols and packet switching .Runs on any communications substrate.ND

3. How did the internet develop?The internet as we know it today is actually a very large wide area network(WAN) connecting computers and networks around the world.It makes it possible for millions of computer users to connect to one another via telephone lines, cable lines, and satellites.ND

4. HISTORY OF INTERNETND

5. Various applications OF INTERNETInternet applications are now widely available and continues to increase along with advances in information technology. Internet applications are then used in various fields such as academic, military, medical, media, and various other industrial sectors. Of the many existing Internet applications, is widely known and used, among others: Word Wide Web (www)Electronic mailMailing lists (mailing lists)NNewsgroupInternet Relay Chat (IRC)File Transfer Protocol (FTP)Telnet, Gopher, and Ping. The function of each application are as follows.ND

6. World Wide Web (WWW) is the most interesting applications in the Internet and as e-mail, the application is very important and widely used. Web documents are created with the format of hypertext and hypermedia using the HTML. HTML has the ability to connect a document with other documents. HTML documents created with it can contain text, images, animation, audio etc."The World-Wide Web was developed to be a pool of human knowledge, and human culture, which would allow collaborators in remote sites to share their ideas and all aspects of a common project.WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)ND

7. Electronic mail, commonly called email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital messages from an author to one or more recipients. Modern email operates across the Internet or other computer networks.An email message consists of three components, the message envelope, the message header, and the message body. The message header contains control information, including, originator's email address and one or more recipient addresses. Usually descriptive information is also added, such as a subject header field and a message submission date/time stamp.Electronic mailND

8. Mailing lists or mailing lists are often also called Internet applications that are used as a means of discussion or exchange information within a group via e-mail. Each e-mail sent to a mailing list address will be sent to all e-mail address is registered as a member of the mailing list. Mailing actually another form of e-mail. This facility is used by groups to exchange information and discuss other members of the group. Mailing list have the same nature with the e-mail.Mailing list (mili)ND

9. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard network protocol used to transfer files from one host to another over a TCP-based network, such as the Internet. FTP is built on a client-server architecture and utilizes separate control and data connections between the client and server. FTP users may authenticate themselves using a clear-text sign-in protocol but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it.File transfer protocolND

10. Gopher is an application used to search for information that is the internet. However, the information sought is limited to text only. To obtain information through gopher, you need to connect themselves with the gopher server on the Internet.A Gopher server presents its contents as a hierarchically structured list of files. With the ascendance of the Web, many gopher databases were converted to Web sites which can be more easily accessed via Web search engines. GOPHERND

11. Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is an Internet application used to chat on the internet. Chatting on the internet is known as chat. Chatting is done by typing what you want to say to your chat friends, then send it in text form. Through the chat you can meet and talk with other people in other parts of the world.It is mainly designed for group communication in discussion forums, called channels, but also allows one-to-one communicationvia private message as well as chat and data transfer, including file sharing.IRC was created in 1988. Client software is now available for every major operating system that supports Internet accessINTERNET relay chat (irc)ND

12. Telnet is the Internet application used to access a computer that is far. Telnet you can use if you have an IP address (IP address) of computers that will be accessible, and you also must have access rights (user ID and password).Telnet is a network protocol used on the Internet or local area networks to provide a bidirectional interactive text-oriented communications facility using a virtual terminal connection. User data is interspersed in-band with Telnet control information in an 8-bit byte oriented data connection over the Transmission Control Protocol.TELENETND

13. INTERNET GROWTH TREND1977: 111 hosts on Internet1981: 213 hosts1983: 562 hosts1984: 1,000 hosts1986: 5,000 hosts1987: 10,000 hosts1989: 100,000 hosts1992: 1,000,000 hosts2001: 150 – 175 million hosts2002: over 200 million hostsBy 2010, about 80% of the planet will be on the Internet ND

14. Internet - a challenge and an opportunityWith growing user familiarity with Internet users expect compatible services from LibrariesDeveloping necessary network, infrastructure, competence and skills are key requirements for success.conclusionND