Presented by Dr

1. Competitiveness of Indian Cities
Dr. Amit Kapoor
Honorary Chairman, Institute for Competitiveness, India
Based on the Institute for Competitiveness, India report “India City Competitiveness Report 2012” authored by Dr. Amit Kapoor (Honorary Chairman,
Institute for Competitiveness) and Johnson Paul (Senior Associate Director, Institute for South Asian Studies) with research & editorial support from Ankita
Garg (Senior Researcher, Institute for Competitiveness)

2. NATURAL ENDOWMNETS POPULATION & GDP’s OF THE WORLD
12.6% of the Land area,
17% of the
Population, 2.6% of the Russia
7% of the Land area, GDP
5% of the Population, 23%
of the GDP
USA
China
2.3% of the Land area, 7.2 % of the Land area,
17.8% of the India 19.2% of the
Population, 2.6% of the Population, 10.4% of the
6.5% of the Land area,
GDP GDP
2.8% of the
Population, 3.5% of the
GDP
0.93% of the Land area,
Brazil 0.72% of the Population,
0.58% of the GDP
South Africa
Source:- World Bank and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

3. INDIA IS THRIVING – NOW AND WILL IN FUTURE
% contribution in World’s GDP
12
2010
European
Others Union
30% 9.82
26% 10 9.32 9.10
8.81
8.37
9.27
United States
Japan China 8
GDP growth (annual %)
India 23% 7.80
3% 9% 9% 8.28
6 5.22
5.30
2030 Projection 4
4.93
European 4.03
Others Union 3.77
35% 18%
United States 2
16%
India
Japan China
4%
9% 18%
0
*value for 2012 and 2011 is for Q1
Source:- World Bank and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

4. PROSPERITY IN INDIA
140000
High but declining versus India High and rising versus India
Goa
120000
Highly Productive and Prosperity
Rising versus India
Gross Domestic Product per Capita, 2010
All India GSDP /Capita rate
100000 Delhi
(CAGR) of 8.36 %
ts
Haryana
80000 Maharashtra
Punjab
All India Average of
46,836 Gujarat Himachal Pradesh
60000 Rupees/capita Kerala
Karnataka Tamil Nadu
Andhra Pradesh
Sikkim Chhattisgarh
Uttarakhand
West Bengal
OrissaMeghalaya Arunachal Pradesh
40000 Mizoram Tripura
Rajasthan
Assam
Nagaland Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand
Manipur
Madhya Pradesh Uttar Pradesh
Bihar
20000
Low and declining versus India Low but rising versus India
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Gross Domestic Product per Capita CAGR rate, 2008-2010
Source:- Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

5. MAIN CONTRIBUTORS IN INDIA’S GROWTH
Mumbai, Pune
900000
800000
Lucknow, Kanpur
700000
Dec-11 GDP (in crores of rupees)
Hyderabad
600000 Kolkata
Ahmedabad,
Surat
500000 Chennai
Bengaluru
400000
Jaipur Thiruvananthapuram
300000
200000
100000
0
Source:- RBI and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

6. INDIAN STATES WITH HIGH GROWTH HAVE HIGH URBANIZATION RATE
120.00
Delhi
100.00
80.00
Goa
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu
Urbanization level (in %)
60.00 Kerala
Mizoram Gujarat
Karnataka
Punjab Andhra Pradesh
Haryana West Bengal
40.00 Uttarakhand Madhya Pradesh Uttar Pradesh
Rajasthan
Manipur
Jammu & Kashmir
Nagaland Jharkhand
Tripura Chhattisgarh
Sikkim
Arunachal Pradesh Orissa
Meghalaya
Assam Bihar
20.00
Himachal Pradesh
0.00
-200000 0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1000000 1200000
-20.00 GDP (Dec-11) in Rs. Crore
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

7. TREND IN POPULATION SIZE AND GROWTH RATE (1901-2011)
1800 30
1650.62
1600 24.8 24.66 1494.63 25
23.85
1400 21.51 1338.64
21.34
1210.19 20
Decadal Growth Rate (in %)
1200
Population (in millions)
1028.74 17.64
14.22 15
1000
13.31 846.42
11
800 10
683.33
600 5.75 548.16
439.23 5
400 361.09
318.66
0.1 278.98
238.4 252.09 251.32
0
200 -0.03
0 -5
1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031 2041
Population (in millions) Decadal Growth rate (in %)
Source:- Government of India Census and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

8. THE RURAL-URBAN DIVIDE
100%
90%
80%
70%
71.5 68.8
76.7 74.3
60% 82.7 82.1 80.1
89.2 89.7 88.9 88 86.2
50%
40%
30%
20%
28.5 31.2
23.3 25.7
10% 17.3 17.9 19.9
10.8 10.3 11.1 12 13.8
0%
1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Rural Urban
Source:- Government of India Census and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

9. 1000
1500
2000
2500
500
0
693.8 926.4
773.7 925.2
691.7 871
655.6 775.3
Institute for Competitiveness, India
617.3 806.7
747.8 1040.3
931 1025.4
725.9 951.4
791.6 975.4
708 888.3
722.9 845.4
616.3 831.2
629.4 908
RURAL(Monthly per capita in Rs)
775.3 830.7
POVERTY LINE URBAN AND RURAL IN INDIA
631.9 771.7
743.7 961.1
871 955
686.9 989.8
850 939.3
1016.8 1147.6
567.1 736
URBAN (Monthly per capita in Rs)
641 777.7
830 960.8
755 846
728.9 1035.2
639 800.8
663.4 782.7
663.7 799.9
Source:- GOI and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
719.5 898.6
Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor
643.2 830.6

10. INCREASE IN NUMBER OF TOWNS, UAS AND VILLAGES (1971-2011)
Towns (in Numbers) UAs (in Numbers)
8000 7935 400 381 382 384
Number of Towns
Number of UAs
6000 300 276
4689 5161 231
4029
4000 2921 200
2000 100
0 0
1971 1981 1971
1991 1981
2001 1991
2011 2001
2011
Villages (in Numbers)
620000
Number of Villages
608789
600000 593732
580000 579688
556561 556014
560000
540000
520000
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
*UAs = Urban Agglomerations Source:- Government of India Census and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

11. URBANIZATION: SIGN OF A DEVELOPING EOCONOMY
90
80
70
60
50
40
31.16
25.72 27.78
30 23.33
17.97 18.24
20
10 17.29
0
1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Degree of Urbanization Literacy Rates (%)
Registered Motor Vehicles (No.) Mobile Cellular Subscription (per 100 people)
Source:- Government of India Census, World Bank, Road Transport Year Book& Figure and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

12. DISTRIBUTION OF TOWNS BY SIZE CLASS
Cities
Population 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Classification
Class I > 1,00,000 76 102 148 218 300 393
Class II 50,000-1,00,000 91 129 173 270 345 401
Class III 20,000-50,000 327 437 558 743 947 1151
Class IV 10,000-20,000 608 719 827 1059 1167 1344
Class V 5,000-10,000 1124 711 623 758 740 888
Class VI < 5,000 567 172 147 253 197 191
Greater Mumbai UA
Class I UAs/Towns 468
Million plus UAs/Towns 53
Delhi UA Mega Cities 3
Kolkata UA
Source:- Government of India Census and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

13. URBAN INDIA OF 1951
Cities Size Class By Population
10 - 30 million
5 - 10 million
1 - 5 million
0.1 – 1 million
Source:- India Urban Conference 2011: Evidence & Experience - IIHS
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

14. SNAPSHOT OF URBAN INDIA IN 2011
Cities Size Class By Population
10 - 30 million
5 - 10 million
1 - 5 million
0.1 – 1 million
Source:- India Urban Conference 2011: Evidence & Experience - IIHS
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

15. URBAN INDIA OF 2031
Cities Size Class By Population
10 - 30 million
5 - 10 million
1 - 5 million
0.1 – 1 million
Source:- India Urban Conference 2011: Evidence & Experience - IIHS
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

16. ENHANCING THE PROSPERITY OF URBAN INDIA via COMPETITIVENESS
 Competitiveness is the productivity with which a region utilizes its human, capital, and natural resources
 Productivity determines wages and the standard of living – Productivity growth determines sustainable economic growth
 It is not what industries a nation competes in that matters for prosperity, but how productively it competes in those industries
 Productivity in an economy depends on a combination of domestic and foreign firms
 Innovation in products and processes is necessary to drive productivity growth
 Only productive businesses can create wealth and jobs States compete to offer the most productive environment for business
 The public and private sectors play different but interrelated roles in creating a productive economy
Leading to the prosperity of the region
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

17. INFLUENCES ON COMPETITIVENESS
Multiple Geographic Levels
WORLD ECONOMY
BROAD ECONOMIC AREAS
GROUP OF NEIGHBOURING NATIONS
NATIONS
STATES, PROVINCES
METROPOLITAN AREAS, RURAL AREAS [Our Focus]
Source:- Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

18. DRIVERS OF COMPETITIVENESS
Quality of overall business Concentration of resources Policy Coordination among
Multiple Levels of
environment and urban growth
Geography/Government
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

19. MEASURING COMPETITIVENESS: THE FRAMEWORK
Context for Firm
Strategy and
Rivalry
• Local rules and incentives that encourage
investment and productivity .
- E.g. performance based salaries,
incentives for capital investments,
intellectual property protection
Factor Demand
• Vigorous local competition i.e.,
Conditions - Openness to foreign and local Conditions
competition
- Sophistication of company operations
Access to high quality business inputs i.e., Sophisticated and demanding local
- Natural endowments customers and needs e.g.,
- Human resources - Strict quality, safety, and environmental
- Capital availability standards
- Physical infrastructure – Consumer protection laws
- Administrative infrastructure – Government procurement of
- Information infrastructure Related and advanced technology
- Scientific and technological infrastructure Supporting – Early demand for products and
Services.
Industries
• Local availability of suppliers and supporting
industries
• Presence of clusters instead of isolated firms
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

20. HIERARCHY OF CITY COMPETITIVENESS INDEX
Overall Competitiveness
Factor Demand Context for Strategy Related &
Conditions Conditions & Rivalry Supporting Industry
1. Financial 1. Demographics 1. Competition 1. Supplier
2. Physical 2. Income Distribution Intensity & Diversity Sophistication
3. Communication and Spending of Firms 2. Institutional Support
4. Administrative Pattern 2. Business Incentives
5. Human Capacity
6. Innovation
Nearly 200 Indicators
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

21. CITIES THAT WE STUDY
Srinagar
Jammu
Shimla
Amritsar
Ludhiana Dehradun
Chandigarh
FaridabadDelhi Meerut
Gurgaon
Noida
Agra
Jaipur Kanpur
Lucknow Guwahati
Allahabad Patna
Varanasi
Asansol
Jabalpur Dhanbad
Bhopal Ranchi Kolkata
Ahmedabad Indore Jamshedpur
Vadodara Raipur
Rajkot
Surat
Nagpur Bhubaneswar
Nashik
Mumbai
Pune
Vishakhapatnam
Hyderabad
Vijayawada
Bengaluru
Mysore Chennai
Coimbatore Puducherry
Kozhikod
e Madurai
Kochi
Thiruvananthapuram
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

22. EVERY CITY HAS A DIFFERENT STORY
Crucial to understand each city as what is right for one city will not necessarily be right for the other.
“Mega Cities” “Million plus Cities”
Variables DELHI KOLKATA JAMSHEDPUR KOCHI
Population 16753235 4486679 2291032 3279860
No. of Branches of Commercial Banks 2177 1121 179 634
Literacy Rate: Female 80.93 84.98 67.33 94.27
No. of GSM users (per lakh) 265 145 11 19
Molestation Incidence 550 226 6 67
Ownership of consumer durable-
23 25 19 31
Home Theater
Share of total passenger traffic
21.8 15.1 0.7 1.1
(airways)
Consumer Price Index for Industrial
169 178 103* 158
Workers
Starting a business cost (% per capita
51.1 39.6 51.5 47.2
income)
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

23. POPULATION OF MAJOR INDIAN CITIES: 2011
Ludhiana Chandigarh
3487882 1054686
New Delhi
16753235
Jaipur Lucknow Guwahati
6663971 4588455 1260419
Vadodara
4157568
Ahmedabad Indore
7208200 3272335 Tier 1
Kolkata
Surat Tier 2
Nagpur 4486679
6079231 Bhubaneswar
4653171 Tier 3
Pune 2246341
Mumbai 9426959
12478447 Vishakhapatnam
Hyderabad 4288113
4010238 Vijayawada
4529009
Bengaluru
9588910
Mysore Chennai
2994744 4681087
Kochi
Coimbatore
3279860
3472578
Thiruvananthapuram
3307284
Source:- Census of India 2011
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

24. LOOK AT THE ENTIRE PICTURE
For instance, Mumbai
Weak Areas Strong Areas
20925 Paying Taxes (Time) 271
Population density
Total-corruption cases registered 1228 Work Force Participation Rate (per 1000) 434
Variables
9093
Variables
Number of accidental deaths 94.28
Literacy rate: Males
Number of slums 61300
Media Reach-Press 98.8
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

25. A GLIMPSE: CITY COMPETITIVENESS RANK
First 25 Cities
Overall Competitiveness Context for Firm Related & Supporting
Rank City Factor Conditions Demand Conditions
Score Strategy & Rivalry Industries
1 Delhi 69.732 1 1 1 10
2 Mumbai 67.856 2 2 2 4
3 Chennai 62.323 4 5 5 2
4 Hyderabad 61.782 3 12 7 1
5 Kolkata 61.464 6 11 6 3
6 Gurgaon 61.167 7 7 4 23
7 Bengaluru 61.100 5 3 8 18
8 Noida 60.406 9 38 3 5
9 Pune 59.854 8 4 9 8
10 Ahmedabad 58.036 15 8 15 7
11 Nagpur 56.942 17 15 12 14
12 Chandigarh 56.842 10 17 25 15
13 Jaipur 56.263 18 6 19 26
14 Coimbatore 55.955 29 45 10 6
15 Kochi 55.884 28 23 14 11
16 Surat 55.726 26 10 17 20
17 Nashik 55.651 33 9 21 9
18 Indore 55.637 11 35 22 37
19 Thiruvananthapuram 55.434 22 18 18 28
20 Kozhikode 55.212 35 19 11 32
21 Mysore 55.118 12 39 30 33
22 Bhubaneswar 54.642 13 42 27 43
23 Vadodara 54.627 32 25 16 25
24 Rajkot 54.607 36 14 20 27
25 Lucknow 54.584 23 16 39 22
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

26. A GLIMPSE: CITY COMPETITIVENESS RANK
Next set of 25 Cities
Overall Competitiveness Context for Firm Strategy Related & Supporting
Rank City Factor Conditions Demand Conditions
Score & Rivalry Industries
26 Madurai 54.570 38 36 13 24
27 Bhopal 54.322 16 40 28 40
28 Kanpur 54.318 19 49 38 12
29 Faridabad 54.097 20 32 36 34
30 Ludhiana 54.022 27 28 23 42
31 Vijayawada 53.964 30 20 32 30
32 Guwahati 53.961 14 46 31 46
33 Raipur 53.849 25 31 26 38
34 Vishakhapatnam 53.741 34 22 33 31
35 Patna 53.580 37 21 42 21
36 Jabalpur 53.249 24 50 34 35
37 Agra 53.157 39 29 46 16
38 Varanasi 53.039 45 41 37 13
39 Meerut 52.975 43 34 40 17
40 Puducherry 52.905 42 27 29 39
41 Asansol 52.813 47 13 35 36
42 Dehradun 52.725 31 30 47 41
43 Ranchi 52.575 40 33 41 29
44 Allahabad 52.573 46 26 48 19
45 Shimla 52.295 21 43 43 49
46 Amritsar 52.181 41 24 24 47
47 Jammu 50.621 44 47 49 48
48 Jamshedpur 50.475 49 44 44 44
49 Dhanbad 49.829 50 48 45 45
50 Srinagar 49.732 48 37 50 50
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

27. TOTAL POPULATION VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
18000000
Del
16000000
14000000
Mum
12000000
Total Populaiton
10000000 Ben
Pun
8000000 Asa
Jai Ahm
Sur
6000000 All Pat
Nas
Vij Luc
Kan
Agr Vis Vad Kol Che
Rai Nag
Var Raj
4000000 Mee Lud Coi
ThiKoc
Ind
Mad Koz
Mys Hyd
Dha Ran Jab Bho
Jam Amr
2000000 Far Bhu
Sri Deh Cha Noi Gur
Jam
Pud Guw
Shi
0
48.00 53.00 58.00 63.00 68.00
Microeconomic Competitiveness Score
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

28. TEACHERS IN GOVERNMENT SCHOOL VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
9000
All Vis
8000
Pun
Agr
7000 Nas Kol
Guw
Kan
Teachers in Government School
6000 Pat Del
Var Luc Jai
Vij
5000
Mee
Jab
Vad Ind
4000 Lud Coi
Cha
Ran
Shi
3000 Dha Amr Nag
Jam Bho
Mys
Mad Thi Hyd
Bhu
2000 Noi
Deh Mum
Jam Ahm
Far Koz Sur
Koc Gur
Che
Asa Ben
1000
Sri Pud
Raj
0
48.00 53.00 58.00 63.00 68.00
Microeconomic Competitiveness Score
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

29. FEMALE LITERACY RATE VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
100
95 Koc
Koz
Thi
90
Che
Mum
Kol
Guw Ben
85 Nag
Sur Cha
Female Literacy Rate
Bhu Pun Del
Coi Ahm
80 Pud Lud
Deh
Kan
Mad
Bho Gur
Jab Raj Ind Hyd
Jam Shi Vad
Far Luc
75
Amr Nas Noi
Vij
Asa
70 Var
Jam Ran Mys
Mee Rai
Jai
65 Dha Pat
Sri
All
Vis
Agr
60
55
48.00 53.00 58.00 63.00 68.00
Microeconomic Competitiveness Score
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

30. EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT INDEX VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
0.8
Koz Koc
Thi
Mad Coi Che
0.75 Lud Cha
Amr Del
0.7
Far Gur
Vis Vad
Vij Raj
Mys Sur
Education Development Index
Pun Mum
Nas Nag Ahm Ben
0.65 Pud Hyd
Shi
0.6
Deh
Jai
0.55
Agr Var
Mee Kan
Luc
Sri All Noi
Rai Kol
Jam AsaJab Bho Ind
0.5
Bhu
0.45
Dha Jam Ran Guw
Pat
0.4
48.00 53.00 58.00 63.00 68.00
Microeconomic Competitiveness Score
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

31. CHEATING INCIDENCE VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
1420
Kol
1220
Bhu
1020
Cheating Incidence
820 Luc
Thi
Pun
620
Che
Kan
Lud
420
Vij
Vis Koz Koc
Agr
Amr Mee Gur
Var Rai Nag
Bho Ahm
220
Deh
Ran
Pat Guw IndCoi Cha
All Jab Far Mad Sur
Vad Nas
Sri Jam
Jam Asa Raj
Dha Pud Noi
20
Shi
48.00 53.00 58.00 63.00 68.00
Microeconomic Competitiveness Score
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

32. DECADAL GROWTH RATE VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
60
Noi
50
Ben
Sur
% decadal growth rate (2001-11)
40
Rai
Ind
Deh Far
Bho Pun
30 Jai
Luc
Pud
Sri Ran
Agr Pat Ahm Del
All Raj Nas
Mad Coi
20 Var Cha
Mee Bhu
LudGuw
Jam Amr Jab VadMys
Vis Nag
Dha Asa
Jam Kan
Shi Vij Che
10 Koz Mum
Koc
Thi
Hyd
0
48.00 53.00 58.00 63.00 68.00
Microeconomic Competitiveness Score
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

33. OWNERSHIP OF CONSUMER DURABLES - MOBILE VERSUS COMPETITIVENESS
100.5
Sri Jab Luc Jai Cha Kol
Asa Ben
Gur Del
100 Deh Shi IndNas
Jam Pud Guw
Ownership of Consumer Durables- Mobile
Far Mum
Vis Bho Mys
Vij Mad
Kan Che
All
Nag
Amr Raj Sur
Pun Hyd
99.5 Var
Ahm
Vad Koz Koc
Thi
Dha Jam
99
Mee Agr
Rai
Lud Coi
Ran Pat
Bhu
98.5
Noi
98
48.00 53.00 58.00 63.00 68.00
Microeconomic Competitiveness Score
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

34. TOP 10 INDIA CITIES IN 2011
Delhi
Jaipur Resources used by Top 10 cities
Ahmadabad
0.1
Kolkata Land
Surat
Greater Mumbai Population
8
Pune
Hyderabad
Output 15
Bengaluru Chennai
0 3 6 9 12 15 18
Proportion of all-India (in %)
Source:- India Urban Conference 2011: Evidence & Experience - IIHS
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

35. THE UNTAPPED ASSET OF INDIA: TIER 2-3 CITIES
 Consists of a pool of opportunities
 Avoids the pitfalls of the megacities
 More people are moving towards them as they are facing scarcity of land in Mega cities
 Each city has its own competitive edge
 Preferred by many people
Growth of organized retail
50%
40%
Growth (in %)
30% 50%
35%
20%
10%
0%
Tier I cities Tier II and III cities
Source:- Report on “India Boarding” by TCS and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

36. URBANIZATION LEVEL OF TIER 2 CITIES
Vishakapatnam 47.51
Vijaywada 41.01
Varanasi 43.43
Vadodara 49.54
Thiruvananthapuram 53.80
Surat 43.48
Rajkot 43.48
Patna 43.48
Nashik 42.53
Nagpur 68.30
Meerut 51.13
Maduari 60.64
Ludhiana 59.14
Lucknow 66.20
Kozhikode 67.15
Kochi 68.07
Kanpur 65.93
Jamshedpur 55.55
Jaipur 52.51
Indore 74.09
Dhanbad 58.13
Coimbatore 75.83
Bhopal 80.84
Asansol 66.93
Agra 45.87
0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00
Urbanization level (in%)
Source:- Census 2011 and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

37. UNTANGLING THE LINKAGES BETWEEN CITY, COMPETITIVENESS & ECONOMIC GROWTH
 More advanced economies are more urbanized economies
 Cities tend to be the only place where companies and individuals find opportunities for successful economic activity
 Rise of cities is seen as an inevitable part of development but also as a policy challenge
 Avoid a political schism between metropolitan and rural regions
 Cities have a different role to play in advanced economies
 From the competitiveness perspective, the policy imperative is crucial for cities as well as for rural regions
 Cities and the rural regions around them should cooperate closely
The case with Mumbai
 Tried to manage the growth by creating artificial boundaries
 The approach failed and made living conditions worse
 Different policy approach is required that focuses on better public services and land use inside the city
 Competitiveness-oriented policy approach can be used that changes the economic fundamentals of where people live and work
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

38. EDUCATION LEVEL
Literacy Rate Professionally trained teachers: Regular
200
180
Noida 69.6
160 Mumbai 99
Kolkata 61.9
140
Jaipur 89.4
120
Indore 92.2
100 Hyderabad 98.6
Gurgaon 98.6
80
Delhi 100
60
Chennai 94.8
40 Chandigarh 72.9
Bengaluru 95.6
20
Ahmedabad 89.6
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
In percentage
Males Females
Source:- GOI and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

39. DIFFERENT OCCUPATION SEGMENTS
1800 500
446 444
434
1600 424 450
402
Total Workforce Participation rate (per 1000)
369 372 400
1400
322
303 350
309
Occupation (in numbers)
1200
296 284
300
1000
250
800
200
600
150
400
100
200 50
0 0
Occupation: Agriculture,forestry Occupation: Manufacturing Occupation: Construction
Occupation: Wholesale,retail Occupation: Financing, insurance Occupation: Community services
Occupation: others Total Work force Participation Rate (Per 1000)
Source:- PPP Database and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor

40. SECTORWISE TOTAL INVESTMENTS IN PPP PROJECTS IN INDIA : 2011
99324.61
Urban Development
Roads 244289.176
Railways 3913.03
Ports 82402.67
Health Care 1887.2
Energy 85141.18
Education 1922.47
Airports 19131
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000
Project Cost (Rs. Crore)
Source:- PPP Database and Institute for Competitiveness Analysis
Institute for Competitiveness, India Presented by: Dr. Amit Kapoor