This document compares Linux and Windows operating systems. It provides histories of Linux, starting with the GNU project in 1984 and Linus Torvalds releasing the first Linux kernel in 1991. The evolution of Windows is also outlined from Windows 3.1 to Windows Me. The document then summarizes key differences between Linux and Windows in areas like process management, memory management, I/O management, and file management.

1. PRESENTED BY
VINEET AROTE
UMANG DHURI
AMAR GORAD
COMPARATIVE STUDY
OF
LINUX AND WINDOWS
DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SHAH AND ANCHOR KUTCHHI ENGINEERING COLLEGE

2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. HISTORY OF LINUX
3. EVOLUTION OF WINDOWS
4. PROCESS MANAGEMENT
5. MEMORY MANAGEMENT
6. I/O MANAGEMENT
7. FILE MANAGEMENT

3. INTRODUCTION
LOGO

4. INTRODUCTION
Philosophical differences
in the design
of Linux and Windows
The Windows operating system is
designed to support applications by
moving more functionality into the
operating system, and by more deeply
integrating applications into the
Windows kernel.
Linux differs from Windows in
providing a clear separation between
kernel space and user space

5. INTRODUCTION
Viruses
 There are about 5 for
commercial Unix versions, and
around 40 for Linux
 There are about 60,000 viruses
known for Windows

6. INTRODUCTION
 The availability of the source code and the right to modify
 The right to redistribute modifications and improvements to the code
 The right to use the software in any way
Open Source Software
Linux is licensed under the GNU General Public
License
Microsoft's Shared Source Initiative is an
attempt to meet customer requirements for
looking at source code. Shared Source Initiative
has one million participants, and source code is
available for Windows 2000, Windows XP,
Windows Server 2003, Windows CE 3.0,
Windows CE .NET, and the C#/CLI
implementations, as well as components of ASP
.NET and Visual studio .NET. Shared Source
Initiative licensees include corporate
customers, governments, partners, academics,
and individuals.

8. HISTORY OF LINUX
 GNU project started 1984 to produce a Unix-like OS
 Founded by Richard Stallman
 Wrote the GNU manifesto in 1985 outlining philosophy
 Software that is free means more than free of charge
"It means that much wasteful duplication of system
programming effort will be avoided. This effort can go
instead into advancing the state of the art."
 By early 1990s many of the GNU OS utilities were complete
Meanwhile....
Linus Torvalds starts work on the Linux Kernel
 First version released in
1991
 Changes Linux to GPL
licence in 1992
 Combined with GNU to
make an OS
The first “Distros”...
 1992 - MCC Interim
Linux
 1992 - Softlanding Linux
System (SLS)
 1993 - Debian

9. EVOLUTION OF WINDOWS
 Windows 3.1
 First widely used successful version of Windows
 Replaced MS-DOS
 Windows 95
 Introduced Start button, taskbar for
multitasking, and My Computer for easier file
management
 Windows NT
 Intended for business computing
 Increased reliability and security

10. EVOLUTION OF WINDOWS
 Windows 98
 Active desktop displays Web content
 Enables Web conventions on the desktop
 Windows 2000
 Security of NT with Windows 98 Interface
 Windows 2000 Professional and Windows 2000
Server
 Windows Me (Millennium Edition)
 Successor to Windows 98 for home computing

12. PROCESS MANAGEMENT
LINUX

13. PROCESS MANAGEMENT
WINDOWS

15. MEMORY MANAGEMENT
LINUX

16. MEMORY MANAGEMENT
WINDOWS

18. I/O MANAGEMENT
LINUX

19. I/O MANAGEMENT
WINDOWS

21. FILE MANAGEMENT
LINUX

22. FILE MANAGEMENT
LINUX
• Linux has an hierarchical, unified file system
• Supports 256-character filenames.
• All command line entries are case sensitive.
• Use the slash(/) rather than the backslash() you have been using in DOS.

23. FILE MANAGEMENT
WINDOWS

24. FILE MANAGEMENT
WINDOWS
• My Computer
• Simpler and less sophisticated
• Can result in multiple open windows at one time
• Windows Explorer
• Hierarchical view on left
• Contents of the selected folder on the right
• Multiple views available for both
• Small icons, Large icons, List, and Details view