Communication is the process by which two or more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings or impressions in ways that each gains a common or mutual understanding of the meaning and the use of the message.
The document discusses the key aspects of business communication, including definitions of communication, the communication process, types of communication like downward, upward and lateral communication. It also covers topics like formal and informal communication networks, barriers to communication, and provides tips to improve communication skills. The overall purpose is to introduce the reader to important concepts in business communication.
Communication Conundrums - Reviewing and RepairingPsych Press
What is communication really? When something breaks down in the communication cycle how can you tell whose fault it is, and then fix it? We explore this from the ground up so that you can have a free flow of ideas in what is probably the most important process to get right in the workplace.
Communication plays a vital role is every profession it needs to be perfect from every side of view.
The following presentation gives an overview of communication and its types and uses.
Please go through the slides and learn to communicate best.
Please share your views too.
Communication is the transfer of information from one person to another. It allows people to share facts, ideas, thoughts, and values. Good communication skills in business enable effective interaction, career advancement, and accomplishing work efficiently. Typical business communication involves 50% listening, 35% speaking, 10% reading, and 5% writing. Organizations focus on communication to build their image and maintain relationships internally and externally. The main objectives of business communication are to inform, persuade, and entertain. Communication processes involve a sender, receiver, message, medium, and feedback. Barriers to effective communication include differences in status, a lack of trust, and an inappropriate choice of medium. Proper managerial communication is audience-centric, clear,
This document discusses the basic concepts of mass communication, including the communication process, transmitting messages, encoding, channels, receiving messages, feedback, and types of noise. It describes the key elements in the communication process as the source, message, channel, receiver, encoding, decoding, feedback, and the potential for noise. It explains the different stages and participants in the process of transmitting a message from the source to the receiver.
The document discusses models and elements of the communication process. It defines communication and outlines 6 models of communication including Aristotle's model with 3 elements (speaker, speech, audience), Shannon-Weaver's model with 5 elements (source, transmitter, signal, receiver, destination), and Berlo's model with 4 elements (communicator, encoder, message, decoder, receiver). It identifies 6 key elements of the extension communication system: 1) communicator, 2) message, 3) channels, 4) treatment of messages, 5) audience, and 6) audience response. Each element is described in 1-2 sentences.
This document discusses various perspectives on the concept of information in communication studies. It addresses how information is defined, the role it plays in reducing uncertainty, and how it impacts individuals, relationships, organizations, and media. Specifically, it explores how information helps people understand themselves and their environment, how it both actively and passively influences understanding, and how factors like cognitive involvement impact how information is received and interpreted.
Cutting Through the Clutter: Successful Messaging in an Age of Information Ov...Everbridge, Inc.
This document summarizes a webinar presented by Dr. Robert Chandler and Marc Ladin of Everbridge on creating effective messaging during times of crisis or information overload. They discuss how stress negatively impacts cognitive processing and communication. They recommend simplifying messages to 3 key points using short sentences, graphics and redundancy. Messages should be customized for different audiences and locations. Everbridge provides mass notification solutions to help organizations communicate effectively during emergencies through their elastic infrastructure and support for multiple communication channels.
The document discusses the key aspects of business communication, including definitions of communication, the communication process, types of communication like downward, upward and lateral communication. It also covers topics like formal and informal communication networks, barriers to communication, and provides tips to improve communication skills. The overall purpose is to introduce the reader to important concepts in business communication.
Communication Conundrums - Reviewing and RepairingPsych Press
What is communication really? When something breaks down in the communication cycle how can you tell whose fault it is, and then fix it? We explore this from the ground up so that you can have a free flow of ideas in what is probably the most important process to get right in the workplace.
Communication plays a vital role is every profession it needs to be perfect from every side of view.
The following presentation gives an overview of communication and its types and uses.
Please go through the slides and learn to communicate best.
Please share your views too.
Communication is the transfer of information from one person to another. It allows people to share facts, ideas, thoughts, and values. Good communication skills in business enable effective interaction, career advancement, and accomplishing work efficiently. Typical business communication involves 50% listening, 35% speaking, 10% reading, and 5% writing. Organizations focus on communication to build their image and maintain relationships internally and externally. The main objectives of business communication are to inform, persuade, and entertain. Communication processes involve a sender, receiver, message, medium, and feedback. Barriers to effective communication include differences in status, a lack of trust, and an inappropriate choice of medium. Proper managerial communication is audience-centric, clear,
This document discusses the basic concepts of mass communication, including the communication process, transmitting messages, encoding, channels, receiving messages, feedback, and types of noise. It describes the key elements in the communication process as the source, message, channel, receiver, encoding, decoding, feedback, and the potential for noise. It explains the different stages and participants in the process of transmitting a message from the source to the receiver.
The document discusses models and elements of the communication process. It defines communication and outlines 6 models of communication including Aristotle's model with 3 elements (speaker, speech, audience), Shannon-Weaver's model with 5 elements (source, transmitter, signal, receiver, destination), and Berlo's model with 4 elements (communicator, encoder, message, decoder, receiver). It identifies 6 key elements of the extension communication system: 1) communicator, 2) message, 3) channels, 4) treatment of messages, 5) audience, and 6) audience response. Each element is described in 1-2 sentences.
This document discusses various perspectives on the concept of information in communication studies. It addresses how information is defined, the role it plays in reducing uncertainty, and how it impacts individuals, relationships, organizations, and media. Specifically, it explores how information helps people understand themselves and their environment, how it both actively and passively influences understanding, and how factors like cognitive involvement impact how information is received and interpreted.
Cutting Through the Clutter: Successful Messaging in an Age of Information Ov...Everbridge, Inc.
This document summarizes a webinar presented by Dr. Robert Chandler and Marc Ladin of Everbridge on creating effective messaging during times of crisis or information overload. They discuss how stress negatively impacts cognitive processing and communication. They recommend simplifying messages to 3 key points using short sentences, graphics and redundancy. Messages should be customized for different audiences and locations. Everbridge provides mass notification solutions to help organizations communicate effectively during emergencies through their elastic infrastructure and support for multiple communication channels.
Communication is the process of exchanging ideas between two or more people. Effective communication requires clearly defining and sending the message, as well as receiving feedback. Barriers like physical, psychological, or cultural factors can inhibit communication. This document outlines the key elements of communication like the sender, message, channel, and receiver. It also discusses factors that contribute to effective communication, such as ensuring the message is clear, complete, and appeals to both reason and emotion. The document compares interpersonal and mass media communication and examines models of communication and the stages of diffusion of innovations.
This PPT is based on elements of communication in computer system. Various components have been discussed briefly and images and animations are use to make one understands better of this topic. Hope you will like it. THANKYOU !!!!!!
This document provides an overview of effective business communication. It discusses the importance of communication in organizations and defines communication as the exchange of information between two or more people. The document then covers various components of communication, including the sender, message, medium, receiver, and feedback. It also discusses concepts like conventions of meaning, perceptions of reality, and nonverbal communication. Specifically, it notes that nonverbal cues like appearance, body language, silence, time, and space all communicate messages. Finally, the document outlines some barriers to effective communication and challenges of communicating in a global market.
This document discusses the key elements of the communication process in agricultural extension. It identifies the main elements as the communication source, message, channel, and receiver. It describes the functions of the communication source and important characteristics of an effective message. Finally, it outlines important considerations for selecting an appropriate communication channel, including the message characteristics, availability and accessibility to receivers, and matching the channel to the receivers' expectations.
1) The document is an assignment submission by Deepen P. Upadhyaya of section B for his 6th year Communication class to Mrs. Komal Shah on November 22, 2013.
2) It discusses the key concepts of communication including the definition, importance, types, elements, process, barriers and ways to make communication effective.
3) The assignment covers communication at different levels from interpersonal to mass communication and examines topics such as meaning of communication, functions, features, and the basic communication process of a sender encoding a message through a channel which the receiver decodes and provides feedback on.
This document outlines key aspects of communication including definitions, processes, channels, types, characteristics, barriers and techniques. It defines communication as a meaningful interaction between humans involving a shared message. The communication process involves a sender, message, receiver, feedback and various channels. Barriers to communication can be overcome through techniques like active listening, empathy and questioning. Effective communication relies on elements such as trust, confidentiality and self-disclosure.
TIMTIM,MYRON-THE NATURE AND PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION.pptxMyronTimtim1
This document provides guidance on how to use a communication workbook for both teachers and students. It suggests that teachers use the workbook to review students' knowledge on communication concepts and have students complete activities to test their understanding. For students, it recommends reviewing communication concepts, answering activities, checking answers, and reflecting on what was learned. The document also outlines objectives for students to assess personal brands, differentiate speech contexts, and reflect on identity. It defines communication, lists its functions, and describes several models of communication including elements, Berlo's model, and the transactional model. An activity is included to identify communication functions.
1.INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS COMMUNICATION.pptxpriyankalacbcs
This document provides an overview of business communication concepts. It begins by defining communication and noting that communication involves the exchange of information between individuals. It then defines business communication as communication related to business activities or issues. Several definitions of business communication are provided by different authors.
The document outlines key characteristics of communication, including that it involves at least two parties, is an ongoing process, and aims to elicit a response. It also discusses the importance, need, principles, process, elements, scope, and barriers of communication. Physical, cultural, linguistic, psychological and other barriers that can hinder effective communication are described. In summary, the document provides foundational information about the concept of communication and how it specifically relates to business.
COMMUNICATION & PLANNING & PRODUCING OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Ek ra
The document discusses communication from several perspectives. It defines communication and identifies its key elements including a sender, message, channel, receiver, interpreter, feedback, and context. It also discusses different theories of communication including linguistic, mathematical, and information theories. The document outlines various factors that influence communication effectiveness including the environment, message organization, cultural values, symbol accuracy, and audience characteristics. It also discusses problems that can occur at different phases of the communication process and with mass communication audiences.
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY - COMMUNICATION AND PLANNING - PRODUCTION OF INSTRUCT...EqraBaig
The document discusses communication from several perspectives. It defines communication and identifies its key elements like sender, message, channel, receiver, interpreter and feedback. It also discusses different theories of communication like linguistic, mathematical and information theory. The document also covers models of communication flow like one-step, two-step and multi-step models. Finally, it discusses some characteristics of mass communication like its large and scattered audience that is heterogeneous and mostly unknown to the media producers.
COMMUNICATION skills for medical professionalsOdochAndrew2
This presentation gives basic guide to communication skills
It's advisable that fafter that, one has to add on knowledge from different sources, complexity of information I reduced and its quite straightforward
This document discusses communication in the context of agriculture and rural development. It defines communication and outlines the communication process. Key elements of communication include the communicator, message, channel, treatment of the message, audience, and audience response. Factors affecting communication are also examined, such as credibility, message design, and audience characteristics. Several models of communication are presented, including Aristotle's model involving speaker, speech, and audience, and Rogers and Shoemaker's S-M-C-R-E model involving source, message, channel, receiver, and effects. The document emphasizes that effective communication requires understanding these various components and tailoring the message for the intended audience.
This document provides an overview of health communication. It defines communication and discusses its objectives, components, methods, and stages. The key components of communication identified are the source, message, channel, and receiver. The document outlines two main methods of communication - interpersonal communication between two or more people, and mass communication using mass media to reach a large audience. Barriers to effective communication are also examined, including noise, language differences, age differences, and attitudes/beliefs. The overall purpose is to educate about concepts important for health communication.
This document discusses communication processes, principles, and ethics. It defines the key components of communication, including the source, message, channel, receiver, feedback, environment, and context. It also identifies potential barriers to communication. The document outlines nine principles of effective communication and five principles of effective oral communication. It discusses ethical considerations in communication and strategies for being an effective global communicator.
Communication and health education.pptxMohan Kgowda
Unit-I Communication for Health Education
Communication can be regarded as a two-way process of exchanging or shaping ideas, feelings and information.
Communication and education are interwoven. Communication strategies can enhance learning. The ultimate goal of all communication is to bring about a change in the desired direction of the person who receives the communication. This may be at the cognitive level in terms of increase in knowledge; it may be affective in terms of changing existing patterns of behaviour and attitudes; and it may be psychomotor in terms of acquiring new skills.
Communication is part of our normal relationship with other people. Our ability to influence others depends on our communication skills, e .g., speaking, writing, listening, reading and reasoning. These skills are much needed in health education.
THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Communication which is the basis of human interaction is a complex process. It has the following main components
1. Sender
2. Receiver
3. Message
4. Channel(s)
5. Feedback
1 . Sender:-
The sender (communicator) is the originator of the message. To be an effective communicator, he must know:
- his objectives, clearly defined
- his audience : it's interests and needs
- his message
- channels of communication
- his professional abilities and limitations.
2. Receiver:-
All communications must have an audience, this may be a single person or a group of people. Without the audience, communication is nothing more than mere noise.
The audience may be of two types : the controlled and the uncontrolled.
• A controlled audience is one which is held together by a common interest. It is a homogeneous group.
• An uncontrolled or "free" audience is one which has gathered together from motives of curiosity.
3 . Message:-
A message is the information (CONTENT) which the communicator transmits to his audience to receive, understand, accept and act upon. It may be in the form of words, pictures or signs. Health communication may fail in many cases, if its message is not adequate.
A good message must be :
- meaningful
- based on felt needs
- clear and understandable
- specific and accurate
- timely and adequate
- fitting the audience
- interesting
Transmitting the right message to the right people at the right time is a crucial factor in successful communication.
4 . Channels of communication:-
By channel is implied the "physical bridges" or the media of communication between the sender and the receiver.
The total communication effort is based on three media systems:
Interpersonal communication
Mass media
Traditional or folk media
a. Interpersonal communication
The most common channel of communication is the interpersonal or face-to-face communication. Being personal and direct it is more persuasive and effective than any other form of communication.
b. Mass media
In mass communication, the channel is one or more of the following "mas
Unit-I Communication for Health Education
Communication can be regarded as a two-way process of exchanging or shaping ideas, feelings and information.
Communication and education are interwoven. Communication strategies can enhance learning. The ultimate goal of all communication is to bring about a change in the desired direction of the person who receives the communication. This may be at the cognitive level in terms of increase in knowledge; it may be affective in terms of changing existing patterns of behaviour and attitudes; and it may be psychomotor in terms of acquiring new skills.
Communication is part of our normal relationship with other people. Our ability to influence others depends on our communication skills, e .g., speaking, writing, listening, reading and reasoning. These skills are much needed in health education.
THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Communication which is the basis of human interaction is a complex process. It has the following main components
1. Sender
2. Receiver
3. Message
4. Channel(s)
5. Feedback
1 . Sender:-
The sender (communicator) is the originator of the message. To be an effective communicator, he must know:
- his objectives, clearly defined
- his audience : it's interests and needs
- his message
- channels of communication
- his professional abilities and limitations.
2. Receiver:-
All communications must have an audience, this may be a single person or a group of people. Without the audience, communication is nothing more than mere noise.
The audience may be of two types : the controlled and the uncontrolled.
• A controlled audience is one which is held together by a common interest. It is a homogeneous group.
• An uncontrolled or "free" audience is one which has gathered together from motives of curiosity.
3 . Message:-
A message is the information (CONTENT) which the communicator transmits to his audience to receive, understand, accept and act upon. It may be in the form of words, pictures or signs. Health communication may fail in many cases, if its message is not adequate.
A good message must be :
- meaningful
- based on felt needs
- clear and understandable
- specific and accurate
- timely and adequate
- fitting the audience
- interesting
Transmitting the right message to the right people at the right time is a crucial factor in successful communication.
4 . Channels of communication:-
By channel is implied the "physical bridges" or the media of communication between the sender and the receiver.
The total communication effort is based on three media systems:
Interpersonal communication
Mass media
Traditional or folk media
a. Interpersonal communication
The most common channel of communication is the interpersonal or face-to-face communication. Being personal and direct it is more persuasive and effective than any other form of communication.
b. Mass media
In mass communication, the channel is one or more of the following "mas
This document discusses communication skills in nursing. It defines communication and describes it as a process of exchanging information between individuals through symbols, signs or data. Good communication is important in nursing as it allows nurses to get their point across, inform patients, build rapport, educate, and promote understanding which helps in treatment. Communication can be verbal through speaking and listening, or non-verbal through body language, facial expressions, and other means. The document outlines various theories of communication and discusses interpersonal, intrapersonal, and group communication. It also describes the essential components of communication including the sender, message, channel, receiver and feedback. Barriers to effective communication and best practices for communication in nursing are also covered.
Communication definition and Process of Communication.pptxJamakala Obaiah
Communication involves the exchange of information between a sender and receiver through a common channel or medium. It is a process that has existed for as long as humans have, with the word deriving from Latin roots meaning "to share" or "make common." Effective communication requires properly encoding and conveying a message, receiving and decoding it, and providing feedback. The key elements are a sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback. Barriers can occur at any point, so clear understanding between parties is important for successful transmission of information, thoughts, and ideas.
Communication involves the exchange of information between a sender and receiver through a common channel or medium. It is a process that has existed for as long as humans have, with the word deriving from Latin roots meaning "to share" or "make common." Effective communication requires a clear message, proper transmission through an appropriate channel, accurate receipt and understanding of the message by decoding it, and feedback to confirm comprehension. The main elements that enable the communication process are the sender, message, encoding, channel, receiver, decoding, feedback, and potential noise that could interfere with the exchange.
Communication involves the sharing of ideas between a sender and receiver. There are two main types of communication: one-way communication which flows from sender to receiver without feedback, and two-way communication which allows information to flow back and forth with feedback. Effective communication has key components - a sender, message, channel, and receiver - and passes through stages from reaching the audience to improving health. Barriers like language differences or attitudes can inhibit understanding but can be overcome by understanding the audience, making the message relevant, and removing personal barriers to listening.
Communication is the process of exchanging ideas between two or more people. Effective communication requires clearly defining and sending the message, as well as receiving feedback. Barriers like physical, psychological, or cultural factors can inhibit communication. This document outlines the key elements of communication like the sender, message, channel, and receiver. It also discusses factors that contribute to effective communication, such as ensuring the message is clear, complete, and appeals to both reason and emotion. The document compares interpersonal and mass media communication and examines models of communication and the stages of diffusion of innovations.
This PPT is based on elements of communication in computer system. Various components have been discussed briefly and images and animations are use to make one understands better of this topic. Hope you will like it. THANKYOU !!!!!!
This document provides an overview of effective business communication. It discusses the importance of communication in organizations and defines communication as the exchange of information between two or more people. The document then covers various components of communication, including the sender, message, medium, receiver, and feedback. It also discusses concepts like conventions of meaning, perceptions of reality, and nonverbal communication. Specifically, it notes that nonverbal cues like appearance, body language, silence, time, and space all communicate messages. Finally, the document outlines some barriers to effective communication and challenges of communicating in a global market.
This document discusses the key elements of the communication process in agricultural extension. It identifies the main elements as the communication source, message, channel, and receiver. It describes the functions of the communication source and important characteristics of an effective message. Finally, it outlines important considerations for selecting an appropriate communication channel, including the message characteristics, availability and accessibility to receivers, and matching the channel to the receivers' expectations.
1) The document is an assignment submission by Deepen P. Upadhyaya of section B for his 6th year Communication class to Mrs. Komal Shah on November 22, 2013.
2) It discusses the key concepts of communication including the definition, importance, types, elements, process, barriers and ways to make communication effective.
3) The assignment covers communication at different levels from interpersonal to mass communication and examines topics such as meaning of communication, functions, features, and the basic communication process of a sender encoding a message through a channel which the receiver decodes and provides feedback on.
This document outlines key aspects of communication including definitions, processes, channels, types, characteristics, barriers and techniques. It defines communication as a meaningful interaction between humans involving a shared message. The communication process involves a sender, message, receiver, feedback and various channels. Barriers to communication can be overcome through techniques like active listening, empathy and questioning. Effective communication relies on elements such as trust, confidentiality and self-disclosure.
TIMTIM,MYRON-THE NATURE AND PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION.pptxMyronTimtim1
This document provides guidance on how to use a communication workbook for both teachers and students. It suggests that teachers use the workbook to review students' knowledge on communication concepts and have students complete activities to test their understanding. For students, it recommends reviewing communication concepts, answering activities, checking answers, and reflecting on what was learned. The document also outlines objectives for students to assess personal brands, differentiate speech contexts, and reflect on identity. It defines communication, lists its functions, and describes several models of communication including elements, Berlo's model, and the transactional model. An activity is included to identify communication functions.
1.INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS COMMUNICATION.pptxpriyankalacbcs
This document provides an overview of business communication concepts. It begins by defining communication and noting that communication involves the exchange of information between individuals. It then defines business communication as communication related to business activities or issues. Several definitions of business communication are provided by different authors.
The document outlines key characteristics of communication, including that it involves at least two parties, is an ongoing process, and aims to elicit a response. It also discusses the importance, need, principles, process, elements, scope, and barriers of communication. Physical, cultural, linguistic, psychological and other barriers that can hinder effective communication are described. In summary, the document provides foundational information about the concept of communication and how it specifically relates to business.
COMMUNICATION & PLANNING & PRODUCING OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Ek ra
The document discusses communication from several perspectives. It defines communication and identifies its key elements including a sender, message, channel, receiver, interpreter, feedback, and context. It also discusses different theories of communication including linguistic, mathematical, and information theories. The document outlines various factors that influence communication effectiveness including the environment, message organization, cultural values, symbol accuracy, and audience characteristics. It also discusses problems that can occur at different phases of the communication process and with mass communication audiences.
EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY - COMMUNICATION AND PLANNING - PRODUCTION OF INSTRUCT...EqraBaig
The document discusses communication from several perspectives. It defines communication and identifies its key elements like sender, message, channel, receiver, interpreter and feedback. It also discusses different theories of communication like linguistic, mathematical and information theory. The document also covers models of communication flow like one-step, two-step and multi-step models. Finally, it discusses some characteristics of mass communication like its large and scattered audience that is heterogeneous and mostly unknown to the media producers.
COMMUNICATION skills for medical professionalsOdochAndrew2
This presentation gives basic guide to communication skills
It's advisable that fafter that, one has to add on knowledge from different sources, complexity of information I reduced and its quite straightforward
This document discusses communication in the context of agriculture and rural development. It defines communication and outlines the communication process. Key elements of communication include the communicator, message, channel, treatment of the message, audience, and audience response. Factors affecting communication are also examined, such as credibility, message design, and audience characteristics. Several models of communication are presented, including Aristotle's model involving speaker, speech, and audience, and Rogers and Shoemaker's S-M-C-R-E model involving source, message, channel, receiver, and effects. The document emphasizes that effective communication requires understanding these various components and tailoring the message for the intended audience.
This document provides an overview of health communication. It defines communication and discusses its objectives, components, methods, and stages. The key components of communication identified are the source, message, channel, and receiver. The document outlines two main methods of communication - interpersonal communication between two or more people, and mass communication using mass media to reach a large audience. Barriers to effective communication are also examined, including noise, language differences, age differences, and attitudes/beliefs. The overall purpose is to educate about concepts important for health communication.
This document discusses communication processes, principles, and ethics. It defines the key components of communication, including the source, message, channel, receiver, feedback, environment, and context. It also identifies potential barriers to communication. The document outlines nine principles of effective communication and five principles of effective oral communication. It discusses ethical considerations in communication and strategies for being an effective global communicator.
Communication and health education.pptxMohan Kgowda
Unit-I Communication for Health Education
Communication can be regarded as a two-way process of exchanging or shaping ideas, feelings and information.
Communication and education are interwoven. Communication strategies can enhance learning. The ultimate goal of all communication is to bring about a change in the desired direction of the person who receives the communication. This may be at the cognitive level in terms of increase in knowledge; it may be affective in terms of changing existing patterns of behaviour and attitudes; and it may be psychomotor in terms of acquiring new skills.
Communication is part of our normal relationship with other people. Our ability to influence others depends on our communication skills, e .g., speaking, writing, listening, reading and reasoning. These skills are much needed in health education.
THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Communication which is the basis of human interaction is a complex process. It has the following main components
1. Sender
2. Receiver
3. Message
4. Channel(s)
5. Feedback
1 . Sender:-
The sender (communicator) is the originator of the message. To be an effective communicator, he must know:
- his objectives, clearly defined
- his audience : it's interests and needs
- his message
- channels of communication
- his professional abilities and limitations.
2. Receiver:-
All communications must have an audience, this may be a single person or a group of people. Without the audience, communication is nothing more than mere noise.
The audience may be of two types : the controlled and the uncontrolled.
• A controlled audience is one which is held together by a common interest. It is a homogeneous group.
• An uncontrolled or "free" audience is one which has gathered together from motives of curiosity.
3 . Message:-
A message is the information (CONTENT) which the communicator transmits to his audience to receive, understand, accept and act upon. It may be in the form of words, pictures or signs. Health communication may fail in many cases, if its message is not adequate.
A good message must be :
- meaningful
- based on felt needs
- clear and understandable
- specific and accurate
- timely and adequate
- fitting the audience
- interesting
Transmitting the right message to the right people at the right time is a crucial factor in successful communication.
4 . Channels of communication:-
By channel is implied the "physical bridges" or the media of communication between the sender and the receiver.
The total communication effort is based on three media systems:
Interpersonal communication
Mass media
Traditional or folk media
a. Interpersonal communication
The most common channel of communication is the interpersonal or face-to-face communication. Being personal and direct it is more persuasive and effective than any other form of communication.
b. Mass media
In mass communication, the channel is one or more of the following "mas
Unit-I Communication for Health Education
Communication can be regarded as a two-way process of exchanging or shaping ideas, feelings and information.
Communication and education are interwoven. Communication strategies can enhance learning. The ultimate goal of all communication is to bring about a change in the desired direction of the person who receives the communication. This may be at the cognitive level in terms of increase in knowledge; it may be affective in terms of changing existing patterns of behaviour and attitudes; and it may be psychomotor in terms of acquiring new skills.
Communication is part of our normal relationship with other people. Our ability to influence others depends on our communication skills, e .g., speaking, writing, listening, reading and reasoning. These skills are much needed in health education.
THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Communication which is the basis of human interaction is a complex process. It has the following main components
1. Sender
2. Receiver
3. Message
4. Channel(s)
5. Feedback
1 . Sender:-
The sender (communicator) is the originator of the message. To be an effective communicator, he must know:
- his objectives, clearly defined
- his audience : it's interests and needs
- his message
- channels of communication
- his professional abilities and limitations.
2. Receiver:-
All communications must have an audience, this may be a single person or a group of people. Without the audience, communication is nothing more than mere noise.
The audience may be of two types : the controlled and the uncontrolled.
• A controlled audience is one which is held together by a common interest. It is a homogeneous group.
• An uncontrolled or "free" audience is one which has gathered together from motives of curiosity.
3 . Message:-
A message is the information (CONTENT) which the communicator transmits to his audience to receive, understand, accept and act upon. It may be in the form of words, pictures or signs. Health communication may fail in many cases, if its message is not adequate.
A good message must be :
- meaningful
- based on felt needs
- clear and understandable
- specific and accurate
- timely and adequate
- fitting the audience
- interesting
Transmitting the right message to the right people at the right time is a crucial factor in successful communication.
4 . Channels of communication:-
By channel is implied the "physical bridges" or the media of communication between the sender and the receiver.
The total communication effort is based on three media systems:
Interpersonal communication
Mass media
Traditional or folk media
a. Interpersonal communication
The most common channel of communication is the interpersonal or face-to-face communication. Being personal and direct it is more persuasive and effective than any other form of communication.
b. Mass media
In mass communication, the channel is one or more of the following "mas
This document discusses communication skills in nursing. It defines communication and describes it as a process of exchanging information between individuals through symbols, signs or data. Good communication is important in nursing as it allows nurses to get their point across, inform patients, build rapport, educate, and promote understanding which helps in treatment. Communication can be verbal through speaking and listening, or non-verbal through body language, facial expressions, and other means. The document outlines various theories of communication and discusses interpersonal, intrapersonal, and group communication. It also describes the essential components of communication including the sender, message, channel, receiver and feedback. Barriers to effective communication and best practices for communication in nursing are also covered.
Communication definition and Process of Communication.pptxJamakala Obaiah
Communication involves the exchange of information between a sender and receiver through a common channel or medium. It is a process that has existed for as long as humans have, with the word deriving from Latin roots meaning "to share" or "make common." Effective communication requires properly encoding and conveying a message, receiving and decoding it, and providing feedback. The key elements are a sender, message, channel, receiver, and feedback. Barriers can occur at any point, so clear understanding between parties is important for successful transmission of information, thoughts, and ideas.
Communication involves the exchange of information between a sender and receiver through a common channel or medium. It is a process that has existed for as long as humans have, with the word deriving from Latin roots meaning "to share" or "make common." Effective communication requires a clear message, proper transmission through an appropriate channel, accurate receipt and understanding of the message by decoding it, and feedback to confirm comprehension. The main elements that enable the communication process are the sender, message, encoding, channel, receiver, decoding, feedback, and potential noise that could interfere with the exchange.
Communication involves the sharing of ideas between a sender and receiver. There are two main types of communication: one-way communication which flows from sender to receiver without feedback, and two-way communication which allows information to flow back and forth with feedback. Effective communication has key components - a sender, message, channel, and receiver - and passes through stages from reaching the audience to improving health. Barriers like language differences or attitudes can inhibit understanding but can be overcome by understanding the audience, making the message relevant, and removing personal barriers to listening.
LGBTQ+ Adults: Unique Opportunities and Inclusive Approaches to CareVITASAuthor
This webinar helps clinicians understand the unique healthcare needs of the LGBTQ+ community, primarily in relation to end-of-life care. Topics include social and cultural background and challenges, healthcare disparities, advanced care planning, and strategies for reaching the community and improving quality of care.
Gemma Wean- Nutritional solution for Artemiasmuskaan0008
GEMMA Wean is a high end larval co-feeding and weaning diet aimed at Artemia optimisation and is fortified with a high level of proteins and phospholipids. GEMMA Wean provides the early weaned juveniles with dedicated fish nutrition and is an ideal follow on from GEMMA Micro or Artemia.
GEMMA Wean has an optimised nutritional balance and physical quality so that it flows more freely and spreads readily on the water surface. The balance of phospholipid classes to- gether with the production technology based on a low temperature extrusion process improve the physical aspect of the pellets while still retaining the high phospholipid content.
GEMMA Wean is available in 0.1mm, 0.2mm and 0.3mm. There is also a 0.5mm micro-pellet, GEMMA Wean Diamond, which covers the early nursery stage from post-weaning to pre-growing.
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MBC Support Group for Black Women – Insights in Genetic Testing.pdfbkling
Christina Spears, breast cancer genetic counselor at the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, joined us for the MBC Support Group for Black Women to discuss the importance of genetic testing in communities of color and answer pressing questions.
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...rightmanforbloodline
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TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
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DECODING THE RISKS - ALCOHOL, TOBACCO & DRUGS.pdfDr Rachana Gujar
Introduction: Substance use education is crucial due to its prevalence and societal impact.
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Prevention Strategies: Education, healthy coping mechanisms, community support, and policies are vital in preventing substance use.
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Seeking Help for Addiction: Recognizing signs, available treatments, support systems, and resources are essential for recovery.
Personal Stories: Real stories of recovery emphasize hope and resilience.
Interactive Q&A: Engage the audience and encourage discussion.
Conclusion: Recap key points and emphasize the importance of awareness, prevention, and seeking help.
Resources: Provide contact information and links for further support.
This particular slides consist of- what is hypotension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is when the pressure of blood circulating in the body is lower than normal or expected. It's only a problem if it negatively impacts the body and causes symptoms. Normal blood pressure is usually between 90/60 mmHg and 120/80 mmHg, but pressures below 90/60 are generally considered hypotensive.
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The South Beach Coffee Java Diet is a variation of the popular South Beach Diet, which was developed by cardiologist Dr. Arthur Agatston. The original South Beach Diet focuses on consuming lean proteins, healthy fats, and low-glycemic index carbohydrates. The South Beach Coffee Java Diet adds the element of coffee, specifically caffeine, to enhance weight loss and improve energy levels.
The facial nerve, also known as cranial nerve VII, is one of the 12 cranial nerves originating from the brain. It's a mixed nerve, meaning it contains both sensory and motor fibres, and it plays a crucial role in controlling various facial muscles, as well as conveying sensory information from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
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Hypertension and it's role of physiotherapy in it.Vishal kr Thakur
This particular slides consist of- what is hypertension,what are it's causes and it's effect on body, risk factors, symptoms,complications, diagnosis and role of physiotherapy in it.
This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is summary of hypertension -
Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a serious medical condition that occurs when blood pressure in the body's arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels as the heart pumps it. Hypertension can increase the risk of heart disease, brain disease, kidney disease, and premature death.
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Monitoring Progress: Recommends tracking food intake and exercise, regular health check-ups, and provides tips for achieving balance, such as getting sufficient sleep, managing stress, and staying socially active.
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2. Learning objective
At the end of this session, you will be able to;
• Define communication and health communication
• Describe elements of communication
• Identify barriers of communication
• Discuss factors contribute for effective
communication
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4. Communication
Communication is the process by which two or
more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings or
impressions in ways that each gains a common
or mutual understanding of the meaning and the
use of the message.
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5. Health communication
the art and technique of informing, influencing,
and motivating individuals, institutions, and
large public audiences about important health
issues based on sound scientific and ethical
consideration
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6. Principle of communication
1) Perception:
• For communication to be effective the perception of
the sender should be as close as possible to the
perception of the receiver. The extent of
understanding depends on the extent to which the two
minds come together.
2) Sensory involvement:
• The more sensory organs involved in a
communication the more is its effectiveness from
their cumulative effect.
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7. Principles…
3) Face to face
• The more communication takes place face-to-face the more its
effectiveness.
4) Feedback (two-way)
• Any communication without two-way process is less effective
because of lack of opportunity for concurrent, timely &
appropriate feedback.
5) Clarity
• Ideas, facts, opinions in the mind of communicator should be
clear before communication. It should be direct, simple, easily
understandable language.
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8. Principles…….
6) Information
• the sender should have at in hand correct, current
and scientific information before communicating it.
7) Completeness
• the subject matter to be communicated must be
adequate and full which enable the receiver to
understand the central theme or idea of message.
• Incomplete message may result misunderstandings.
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10. Elements of communication
1. source/sender
2. message/content
3. channel/medium
4. Receiver/audience
5. Feedback/effect
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11. 1. Sender
• originator of the messages
• Can be individual, group or organization
Encoding :the process of translating the
meaning to be transmitted into symbolic form
(words ,sign, sounds e.tc)
• Should have similar background characteristics
with that of receiver
• Source credibility
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12. 2. Message
• Is a piece of information, ideas, facts, opinion,
feeling, attitude or a course of action that
passed from the sender to the receiver.
• It is the subject matter of communication.
• The code and content of the message should be
appropriate to the receiver and should be
arranged in a way that it looks attractive.
(symbols, proverbs, etc)of the audiences are
codes)
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13. Message
• The content (idea, innovation, or technology)
should be appropriate to the audiences
(composed by codes)
• Treatment :The way the message is prepared,
processed and delivered
Coherence and Clarity
• Message appeals: The way the content of the
message could be organized so that it can
persuade or convince people.
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14. 3. Channels
• The channel is the way through which a
message is sent out.
• It is the physical bridge or the media by which
the message travels between source and
receiver
• It is also called the medium of communication
E.g. print materials ,audio or combined ….
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15. 4. Receiver
• The person or the group for whom the
communication is intended or the person who
receive the message.
• The 1st step in planning any communication is
to consider the intended audience.
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16. 5. Feed back
• A communication is said to have feedback
when the receiver of the message gives his/her
responses to the sender of the message.
• The sender must know how well the messages
have been received by the receiver,
understood, interpreted, and act up on it.
• It completes the process of communication.
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17. Communication stage
• In health promotion communication has special
purpose that is :
To improvement/change in health through the
modification of the human, social and political factors
that influence behavior.
• To achieve these objectives, a successful
communication must pass through several stages- six
stages
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18. Six stages …..
Stage 1. Reaching the intended audience
Stage 2. Attracting the audiences attention
Stage 3. Understanding the message(perception)
Stage 4. Promoting change (acceptance)
Stage 5. Producing a behavior change
Stage 6. Improvement in health
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19. Communication stages
19
Message reach
audience
• Heard
• Seen
• Read/listen at the message
• Exposure and recall
method
Gain attention
• Attract attention so that
people read or see it
Understood
• Avoid technical words
Gain acceptance
believed, credible
source , easily
demonstrated effect
Produce
change(KBAP)
Improve health
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20. Communication models
A) Linear /one –way/Aristotle model
20
Sender Message Receiver
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21. One - way communication
Advantages
- Faster
- Orderly
Disadvantages
-Little audience
participation
-Learning is authoritative
-No feed back
-Does not influence
behavior
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22. B) Systems/Two –way/Socratic model
22
Sender
Message
Channel
Feed back
Receiver
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23. Two way communication
Advantages
–More audience
participation
-Learning is more
democratic
Disadvantages
-Not orderly
- Slower (time taking)
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24. Type of communication
1.Intra personal / inside a person
2.Face to face/inter-personal communication
3.Mass communication
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25. Inter personal communication
• direct interaction between the source & receiver.
• Communication at the same time and place
E.g. counseling
Advantages
1. Dynamic or bi-directional(feed back)
2. Multisensory (channel)
3. Useful is all stages of adoption of innovation
4. useful when the topic is taboo or sensitive.
5. Can fit to local needs
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26. Inter personal…
Limitations
1. Easily distorted – as we mostly rely on word-of-
mouth.
2. Often needs multi-lingual
3. Needs personal status/ credibility
4. Needs professional knowledge & preparation
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27. Mass media communication
• Is a means of transmitting messages, on an
electronic or print media to a large segment of
a population
E.g. radio & TV and print media such as papers,
magazines, leaflets & wall posters
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28. Mass communication…
Advantages
1. They can reach many
people quickly.
2. They are accurate and
believable e.g. article on
a newspaper, or “voice” of
highly respected person.
3. They can provide
continuing reminders and
reinforcement.
Limitations
1. One sided /no feedback
2. Selective perception
3. Does not differentiates
the target
4. Only provides non-
specific information
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29. Comparison of interpersonal and mass
media communication
Characteristics Interpersonal Mass media
Speed to cover Slow Rapid
Accuracy low High
Distortion High Low
Ability to select
particular audiences
Highly selective Difficult to select
Direction Two way One way
Local consideration Can fit to local need Provide non specific
information
Feedback Direct feedback possible Indirect feedback from
survey
Main effect Change in attitude and behaviour
,problem solving skill
Increase in knowledge
/awareness
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30. Forms of communication
1.Oral /verbal
2.Non verbal
3.Written
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31. Oral or Verbal communication
• It is communication by Word of mouth.
• In oral communication, speech or talk is the
widely adopted tool of communication.
• May also use mechanical devices such as
telephone, radio, PAS (Public address system)
etc.
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32. Non verbal communication
• The gestures we use, how we look at people, our tone
of voice, how we are seated and our clothes can all
have an impact on the way people interpret what we
say
E.g.
. Pitch of voice
· Laughing, angry
· Pauses, speed of talking
· Stresses on particular words
· Loudness or softness of voice
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33. Written communication
• It involves the exchange of facts, ideas, and
opinions through a written instrument
/materials
E.g. letters notes, leaflets, reports, handouts,
bulletins, newspaper.
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34. Barrier to communication
• The receiver may not be equipped to handle the
decoded message in such a way as to produce the
response (feedback) expected by the source.
• Breakdown can be occur at any point in the
communication process.
• Barriers may be
1.Physical
2. Mechanical
3.Psychological
4.cultural or linguistic
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35. Physical barriers
A. The Competing Stimulus in the form of another conversation
going on within hearing distance in the background.
B. Environmental Stress: A high temperature and humidity,
poor ventilation, vibrations felt etc. - all can contribute to
distortions in the sending and receiving of messages.
C. Subjective Stress: Sleeplessness, ill health, mood variations
give rise to forms of subjective stress that often lead to great
difficulties in listening and interpretation.
D. Ignorance of the Medium: The use of a medium with which
the communicators are not familiar would turn the medium itself
into a barrier.
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36. Mechanical barrier
• Mechanical barriers are those raised by the
channels employed for communication.
E.g. Noise
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37. Physiological barrier
Intellectual
• The natural ability, home background, schooling
affects the perception/ understanding of the receiver
for what he sees & hears.
• The ability of the facilitator/ education/ instructor.
Emotional
• Readiness, willingness or eagerness of the receiver
• Emotional status of the educator
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38. Cultural barrier
• Customs the beliefs, religion, attitudes,
economic and social class differences,
language variation.
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39. Barriers ….
• Barriers can inhibit communication result in
– Misunderstanding
– Lack of response or motivation
– Distortion of message
– Conflict of views
– Insecurity
– Inability to make effective decision
– Prevent the achievement of project/program goals
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40. Quality of communication
• To maintain the quality of communication we
have to know how to deal with the barriers
• Any communication process should be
consider all aspects of its components to obtain
effective outcome .
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41. Quality …
1. Communicator
• should be knowledgeable, positive attitude, skilled
and have credibility.
2. Message
• should be simple (or brief & clear) meaningful,
appropriate, relevant, and timely (SMART).
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42. Quality…
3. Channel
• should be familiar, appropriate, available &
accessible.
4. Receiver
• should also be responsible with proper attitude to
receive the information.
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43. Characteristics of effective communication
• Builds on beliefs and practices that people already
have.
• Repeated & reinforced over time using different
methods
• Adaptable, and uses the existing channels of
communication for example, songs, drama & story
• Entertaining & attracts community’s attention.
• Uses simple, clear & straight forward language with
local expression.
.
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44. Effective communication…
• Emphasizes short term benefits of taking action
• Uses demonstrations to show the benefits of adopting
practices.
• Develop natural style; although we can learn how to
present, each person has his/her own natural way of
presenting ideas.
• Provides opportunities for dialogue and discussion to
get the feed back on understanding and
implementation
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45. The seven C’s of effective communication
• Command Attention
• Clarify the Message
• Communicate a Benefit
• Consistency Counts
• Cater to the Heart and Head
• Create Trust
• Call to Action
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46. Hierarchy of communication effects
46
Clarify
Benefit and
consistence
Cater to the
head and heart
Create trust
Call to
action
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48. 48
Evolution
Information
Education &
Communication
Focus on Information
Dissemination thru’
Mass/Traditional Media
Audience as ‘passive
recipients’ of information
Behaviour
Change
Communication
Focus on Individual
Knowledge, Attitudes
and Behaviours
Audience input and
feedback necessary for
design of campaigns
Communication
for Behaviour &
Social Change
Focus on Individuals
in context of socio-
cultural norms, social
networks
Emphasis on participatory
approaches, community
engagement in defining
issues & identifying
options for action
What It was Called Approaches Used How the Receiver was Perceived
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49. Diffusion of innovation
• Develop by Evert roger 1962
• How to deal with social systems in communicating
anew product to target audiences
• Diffusion of effective programs and ideas is a
significant challenge for public health and health
promotion
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50. 2º 3º 4º
RANKING MUNDIAL DE USUÁRIOS DE INTERNET
1º 5º 6º
Diffusion is the
process by which an
innovation is
communicated
through certain
channels over time
among the members
of a social system.
Diffusion of Innovations by Everett Rogers
Innovation is any new idea, new behavior, new product,
new message i.e., a new thing that one brings to you for
your adoption.
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51. Basic elements of diffusion
1. Innovation
2. Channel of
communication
3. Social System 4. Time
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52. 52
2º 3º 4º 5º
RANKING MUNDIAL DE USUÁRIOS DE INTERNET
1º 6º
Innovativeness and adopter categories
Innovators
Early Adopters
Early Majority
Late Majority
Laggards
Adopt new ideas
(technologies, concepts, and
behaviors in early stages
Still have some traits of
innovation (risk concern)
First sign of diffusion
Delay its adoption, must be
clearly its advantages
Mature implementation and
risks involved are smaller
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53. Innovators
• Are first to adapt an innovation (they want to be first to do
something)
• Control substantial a financial resource to absorb possible
loses if the innovation is unprofitable.
• They are venturesome, independent, risky, daring
• have the ability to understand and apply complex technical
knowledge (mostly they are literates).
• Have the ability to cope with high degree of uncertainty
about the innovation.
• Are few and changed very earlier.
• they have higher socioeconomic status than any other
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54. Early adaptors
• Are very interested in innovation, but they do not
want to be first to be involved.
• Are integrated part of the local social system.
• Possess greatest degree of opinion leader ship in most
social systems ( are respected by peers)
• And are usually successful.
• Serve as role model for other members or society
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55. Early majority
• May be interested in innovation, but will need some
external motivation to get involved.
• Interact frequently with peers (sociable and jockey)
• Seldom held the position of opinion leadership.
• Deliberate (check and discuss) before adopting a new
idea.
• One-third of the members of a system, making the
early majority the largest category.
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56. Late majority
• Are skeptical and cautious and will not adopt an
innovation until most people adopt.
• one-third of the members of a system
• Pressure from peers.
• And adapt because of economical necessity.
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57. Laggard
• Will be the last to get involved in an innovation, if
they get involved in an innovation at all.
• Posses no opinion leadership.
• Isolated in the social systems
• Point of reference is in the past.
e.g. ‘Diro kere diro eko! Doro 25 santim neber’.
• Suspicious of innovation
E.g. what if the ‘whites’ put virus in the condom?
• But also are usually with limited resources.
• Innovation-decision making is lengthy
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58. 58
2º 3º 4º 5º
RANKING MUNDIAL DE USUÁRIOS DE INTERNET
1º 6º
5 critical factors influencing innovation diffusion
Relative advantage
Compatibility
Complexity
Triability
Observability
Is the innovation better than what was
there before?
Does the innovation fit with the
intended audience?
Is the innovation easy to use?
Can the innovation be tried before
making a decision to adopt?
Are the results of the innovation
visible and easily measurable?
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59. The adoption process
• Diffusion process: is the spread of a new idea from
its source of invention or creation to its ultimate users
or adopters"-occurs within society as a group process.
• Adoption process: is the mental process through
which an individual passes from first hearing about
an innovation to final adoption"- it pertains to an
individuals.
• Rogers breaks the adoption process down into five
main stages. The five stages are:
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60. Stages…
1.Awareness stage-the individual is exposed to the
innovation but lacks complete information about it. E.g.
about a fertilizer.
2. Interest or information stage-the individual become
interested in the innovation and seeks additional
information about it and considers its general merits.
E.g. by reading form magazines, manuals, etc. about
this fertilizer.
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61. Stages …
3. Evaluation stage-the individual makes mental application
of the information to his present and future events and
weights its merits for his own situation, and then he decides
weather or not to try it.
For example, the person may evaluate the fertilizer; in terms
of its benefit (increase his yield in the present time) and he
may also evaluate the innovation as, what if it decreases the
production in the future (anticipation).
4. Trial stage-individuals usually make full use of an
innovation on small scale. It is actual application of the idea.
5. Adoption stage- the individual accepts to continue full use
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63. PRECEDE-PROCEED Model
Models serve as frames from which to build; Provide
structure & organization for the planning, implementation,
monitoring and evaluation process
It is the well known and most frequently used model to
plan, implement and evaluate programs.
1/11/2021 63Seek wisdom, Elevate your intellect and Serve humanity
65. PRECEDE-PROCEEDFramework
1/11/2021 65
Phase 1
Social
Assessment
Phase 3
Behavioral &
Environmental
Assessment
Phase 2
Epidemiologic
Assessment
Phase 4
Educational &
Ecological
Assessment
Phase 5
Administrative
Policy
Assessment
Phase 6
Implementation
Phase 7
Process
Evaluation
Phase 8
Impact
Evaluation
Phase 9
Outcome
Evaluation
HEALTH
PROMOTION
Health
Education
Policy,
Regulation,
Organization
Predisposing
factors
Reinforcing
factors
Enabling
factors
Behavior &
lifestyle
Environment
Health
Quality
of life
Seek wisdom, Elevate your intellect and Serve humanity
66. Cont’d…
Phase 1, Social diagnosis: asking the community what
it wants and needs to improve its quality of life
Phase 2, Epidemiological diagnosis: identifying the
health or other issues that most clearly influence the
outcome the community seeks
In these two phases, you create the objectives for
your intervention.
1/11/2021 66Seek wisdom, Elevate your intellect and Serve humanity
67. Cont’d…
Phase 3 Behavioral and environmental diagnosis:
identifying the behaviors and lifestyles and/or
environmental factors that must be changed to affect
the health or other issues identified in Phase 2, and
determine which of them are most likely to be
changeable.
Phase 4, Educational and organizational diagnosis:
identifying the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing
factors that act as supports for or barriers to changing
the behaviors and environmental factors identified in
Phase 3
In these two phases, you plan the intervention.
1/11/2021 67Seek wisdom, Elevate your intellect and Serve humanity
68. Cont’d…
Phase 5, administrative and policy diagnosis:
identifying (and adjust where necessary) the internal
administrative issues and internal and external policy
issues that can affect the successful conduct of the
intervention.
Those administrative and policy concerns include
generating the funding and other resources for the
intervention.
Phase 6, implementation: carry out the intervention
1/11/2021 68Seek wisdom, Elevate your intellect and Serve humanity
69. Cont’d…
Phase 7: Process Evaluation: This phase isn’t about results,
but about procedure. Are things going as planned?
Phase 8: Impact Evaluation: evaluating the initial success of
your efforts. Is the intervention having the desired effect
on the behavioral or environmental factors that it aimed
at changing – i.e., is it actually doing what you expected?
Phase 9: Outcome Evaluation: Is your intervention really
working to bring about the outcome identified by the
community?
1/11/2021 69Seek wisdom, Elevate your intellect and Serve humanity
71. Thank you!
“Darkness cannot drive out darkness; only light can do
that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only love do that.”
Marthin L.king
711/11/2021 Seek wisdom, Elevate your intellect and Serve humanity