Communicating in english flexibility within a norm
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For many years, scholars have debated whether a standard form of English exists. Some argue that variants of English spoken in different places are incorrect, while others believe a standard form cannot exist given the evolving nature of language. The article explains that while scholars have sought to establish a standard English, this has not been possible as language is constantly changing and developing. The research is applied, using an established theory to investigate the topic, and relies on a priori knowledge gained from observing variants of English used in different countries.
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We need to study etymology to determine the true meaning of words and their functions in a sentence.
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- Characteristics of native and non-native English varieties, including differences in vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar between American English, British English, and other varieties.
- Concepts like linguistic prejudice, cultural conventions, schemas, and how they vary across English varieties.
- Models like ENL (English as Native Language), ESL (English as Second Language), EFL (English as Foreign Language) that classify speakers based on their language acquisition.
A study on intonation as a means of conveying deontic modality in English.pdf
This document summarizes a thesis on intonation as a means of conveying deontic modality in English. The thesis was written by Nguyễn Thị Hằng Tuấn for her MA in English Linguistics at Vietnam National University, Hanoi. It examines the use of intonation to express obligation and permission as types of deontic modality in English. The document provides background on the study, including its rationale, aims, scope, methodology, and design which involves analyzing theories of intonation and modality before investigating common mistakes Vietnamese learners make and providing pedagogical implications.
Proposal chapter i.docx
This document discusses linguistic interference in translation from Indonesian to English. It begins by defining interference as deviations that occur when translating between languages due to familiarity with more than one language. The document then provides examples of different types of interference that can happen at the phonological, grammatical, lexical, and semantic levels. Factors that can contribute to interference include a speaker's bilingual background, disloyalty to the target language, and limited vocabulary in the target language. The document aims to examine interference in translations produced by 6th semester English students in Indonesia to identify common problems and their causes.
Sara Ganassin
The document summarizes research on cultural inequalities faced by women from migrant, refugee, and asylum-seeking backgrounds in the North East of England. The research used qualitative methods like focus groups conducted in English as a shared language, despite English not being the mother tongue of most participants or researchers. The study found that a flexible approach to language allowed effective communication and participation, while also empowering multilingual participants to support translations.
A Trendy and Multi-dialectical English- A Descriptive Review of Changes and C...
This document summarizes a research article about the current status of the English language. It discusses how English has become a global language used in many countries and contexts, leading to the development of new dialects. It also examines how concepts like native speaker and standardization have become more complex, as English is used locally around the world. The document reviews literature on topics like World Englishes, globalization and English, and implications for teaching English as additional language. It aims to describe the changes that have occurred in English and its status internationally.
Future English teachers' attitudes towards EIL pronunciation
English has become the world's international language, used for international
communication mostly among non-native speakers of other languages and 80
percent of all the English teachers around the world are nonnative Englishspeaking
(NNES) teachers (Canagarajah, 1999). Therefore, there is a growing
need to investigate the EIL (English as an International Language) movement
from non-native pre-service or in-service teachers' point of view. This study
examined future English teachers' attitudes towards teaching pronunciation
within an EIL perspective. Questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with
senior students revealed that native-speaker English is regarded as the correct
model in English language teaching (ELT). The implications of the findings on
the propagation of native speaker norms as the teaching model and the status of
ELF and its reflections on ELT in Turkey are discussed.
Journal Response SungKey course concepts Intelligibility, Id.docx
Journal Response: Sung
Key course concepts: Intelligibility, Identity
Investigating the topic:
1. Read just the “Introduction” section. What are the two different opinions about sounding like a “native English speaker?”
2. Sung often talks about “intelligibility” with accents. For example, he says that “Although native-speaker accents were thought to be the ‘ideal’ pronunciation model in their minds, these students did not find these accents intelligible in reality” (Sung 18).
· What does Sung mean when he talks about a speaker’s “intelligibility”?
Take a position:
1. Is there an English model/accent that you find ideal? What is it? (If possible, include a link to a video of it so that I can hear!) Explain why you think that this accent is ideal for you.
2. In 1-2 paragraphs, take a position on this topic: Should EAL (English as an Additional Language) students try to sound like “native speakers” of English? Support your position using experiences from your real life.
Focus on Language:
As you were reading Sung’s article, you probably noticed that some words and phrases were highlighted in blue. These are transition words and phrases that help the author develop an argument over time and across multiple sentences. Each transition word or phrase indicates to the reader how new information is related to previous information.
Below are 4 categories of transition words/phrases. Find 2 highlighted words/phrases from Sung’s article that fit into each category (copy and paste them in the table below and include the page number).
Example 1
Example 2
Example 3
New information is different from the previous information
Instead (p. 17)
New information is a result of or based on previous information
therefore (p. 18)
New information is similar to previous information
In a similar vein (p. 19)
New information is an example used to support previous information
In particular (p. 20)
English 106
University of Arizona
English Today
http://journals.cambridge.org/ENG
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‘I would like to sound like Heidi Klum’: What do non-native speakers say about
who they want to sound like?
Chit Cheung Matthew Sung
English Today / Volume 29 / Issue 02 / June 2013, pp 17 - 21
DOI: 10.1017/S0266078413000102, Published online: 08 May 2013
Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0266078413000102
How to cite this article:
Chit Cheung Matthew Sung (2013). ‘I would like to sound like Heidi Klum’: What do non-native
speakers say about who they want to sound like?. English Today, 29, pp 17-21 doi:10.1017/
S0266078413000102
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Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/ENG, IP address: 128.196.223.107 on 25 Feb 2016
‘I would like to sound like Heidi
Klum’: What do non-native
speakers say about who they
want to sound like?
CHIT CHEUNG MATTHEW SUNG
An ...
Adjunctive english general extenders in newspaper editorials
General extenders (GEs) perform different functions in discourse and have been studied diversely, based on scholars’ foci. Viewed as universal vague informal spoken discourse markers in some studies, this study argues that the elements are deliberate vague discourse-pragmatic elements, in newspaper editorials of nine countries with different language situations of the English Language.
Similar to Communicating in english flexibility within a norm (20)
A study on intonation as a means of conveying deontic modality in English.pdf
A study on intonation as a means of conveying deontic modality in English.pdf
A Trendy and Multi-dialectical English- A Descriptive Review of Changes and C...
A Trendy and Multi-dialectical English- A Descriptive Review of Changes and C...
Future English teachers' attitudes towards EIL pronunciation
Future English teachers' attitudes towards EIL pronunciation
Journal Response SungKey course concepts Intelligibility, Id.docx
Journal Response SungKey course concepts Intelligibility, Id.docx
Adjunctive english general extenders in newspaper editorials
Adjunctive english general extenders in newspaper editorials
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【主营项目】
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Resumes, Cover Letters, and Applying Online
This webinar showcases resume styles and the elements that go into building your resume. Every job application requires unique skills, and this session will show you how to improve your resume to match the jobs to which you are applying. Additionally, we will discuss cover letters and learn about ideas to include. Every job application requires unique skills so learn ways to give you the best chance of success when applying for a new position. Learn how to take advantage of all the features when uploading a job application to a company’s applicant tracking system.
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你做代理，可以帮助维多利亚大学同学朋友
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— — — 留学归国服务中心 — — -
【主营项目】
一.皇后大学毕业证成绩单使馆认证教育部认证成绩单等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
国外毕业证学位证成绩单办理流程：
1客户提供皇后大学皇后大学本科毕业证成绩单办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）。
专业服务请勿犹豫联系我！本公司是留学创业和海归创业者们的桥梁。一次办理终生受用一步到位高效服务。详情请在线咨询办理,欢迎有诚意办理的客户咨询!洽谈。
招聘代理：本公司诚聘英国加拿大澳洲新西兰美国法国德国新加坡各地代理人员如果你有业余时间有兴趣就请联系我们咨询顾问：+微信:95270640开始山娃就知道父亲的家和工地共有一个很动听的名字——天河工地的底层空空荡荡很宽阔很凉爽在地上铺上报纸和水泥袋父亲和工人们中午全睡在地上地面坑坑洼洼山娃曾多次绊倒过也曾有长铁钉穿透凉鞋刺在脚板上但山娃不怕工地上也常有五六个从乡下来的小学生他们的父母亲也是高楼上的建筑工人小伙伴来自不同省份都操着带有浓重口音的普通话可不知为啥山娃不仅很快与他们熟识起来还成了无话不谈的好朋友可惜快乐的时光总是太短太匆忙吹
官方认证美国旧金山州立大学毕业证学位证书案例原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国旧金山州立大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Job Finding Apps Everything You Need to Know in 2024
SnapJob is revolutionizing the way people connect with work opportunities and find talented professionals for their projects. Find your dream job with ease using the best job finding apps. Discover top-rated apps that connect you with employers, provide personalized job recommendations, and streamline the application process. Explore features, ratings, and reviews to find the app that suits your needs and helps you land your next opportunity.
一比一原版(YU毕业证)约克大学毕业证如何办理
YU毕业证文凭证书【微信95270640】（约克大学毕业证高仿学位证书((+《Q微信95270640》))）购买YU毕业证修改YU成绩单购买约克大学毕业证办YU文凭办高仿毕业证约克大学毕业证购买修改成绩单挂科退学如何进行学历认证留学退学办毕业证书/ 出国留学无法毕业买毕业证留学被劝退买毕业证（非正常毕业教育部认证咨询） York University
约克大学毕业证成绩单大学Offer代考语言证书高仿教育部认证等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务。
十年年留学服务公司,拥有海外样板无数能完美1:1还原海外各国大学等毕业材料。
海外大学毕业材料都有哪些工艺呢？凭借多年的制作经验本公司制作1:1原版高度还原约克大学约克大学毕业证学历书工艺由：《激光》《水印》《钢印》《烫金》《底纹》《防伪光标》《热敏防伪》《紫外线》凹凸版uv版等防伪技术一流高精仿度几乎跟学校100%相同！让您绝对满意。而且我们每天都在更新海外文凭的样板以求所有同学都能享受到完美的品质服务。
国外毕业证书学位证书办理流程：
1客户提供办理信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）
【公司服务】：我們以质量求生存诚信为主质量为本客戶为先解您所忧专业的团队咨询顾问为您细心解答可详谈是真是假眼见为实让您真正放心平凡人生,尽我所能助您一臂之力让我們携手圆您梦想!无奈争来争去谁也说服不了谁只是吵个不休山娃听了一脸的羡慕和神往山娃早听父亲说过父亲的城很遥远得坐一天一夜的火车山娃没到过没资格跟小伙伴们争论在山娃的记忆深处只有过年时父亲才会在家呆上三五天无奈相聚的时光总是太短太匆忙记得今年正月就在父亲扛起蛇皮袋将要跨出门槛的一刹那山娃突然抱紧父亲的大腿嚎啕大哭父亲吃力地掰开山娃的手哽咽道山娃好好听话好好念书到了暑假爸也接你进城爸的城好远好大好美山娃于是天天扳着碌
A Guide to a Winning Interview June 2024
This webinar is an in-depth review of the interview process. Preparation is a key element to acing an interview. Learn the best approaches from the initial phone screen to the face-to-face meeting with the hiring manager. You will hear great answers to several standard questions, including the dreaded “Tell Me About Yourself”.
一比一原版(SFU毕业证)西蒙弗雷泽大学毕业证如何办理
SFU硕士毕业证成绩单【微信95270640】《西蒙弗雷泽大学毕业证书原版制作SFU成绩单》【Q微信95270640】《仿制SFU毕业证成绩单西蒙弗雷泽大学学位证书pdf电子图》，A.为什么留学生需要操作留信认证?
留信认证全称全国留学生信息服务网认证,隶属于北京中科院。①留信认证门槛条件更低,费用更美丽,并且包过,完单周期短,效率高②留信认证虽然不能去国企,但是一般的公司都没有问题,因为国内很多公司连基本的留学生学历认证都不了解。这对于留学生来说,这就比自己光拿一个证书更有说服力,因为留学学历可以在留信网站上进行查询!
B.为什么我们提供的毕业证成绩单具有使用价值？
查询留服认证是国内鉴别留学生海外学历的唯一途径，但认证只是个体行为，不是所有留学生都操作，所以没有办理认证的留学生的学历在国内也是查询不到的，他们也仅仅只有一张文凭。所以这时候我们提供的和学校颁发的一模一样的毕业证成绩单，就有了使用价值。
实体公司，专业可靠，办理加拿大毕业证|办美国成绩单|做德国文凭学历认证|办新西兰学位证，办澳洲文凭认证，办留信网认证（网上可查，实体公司，专业可靠）铸就十年品质！信誉！实体公司！
[留学文凭学历认证(留信认证使馆认证)西蒙弗雷泽大学毕业证成绩单毕业证证书大学Offer请假条成绩单语言证书国际回国人员证明高仿教育部认证申请学校等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务。
多年留学服务公司,拥有海外样板无数能完美1:1还原海外各国大学degreeDiplomaTranscripts等毕业材料。海外大学毕业材料都有哪些工艺呢？工艺难度主要由：烫金.钢印.底纹.水印.防伪光标.热敏防伪等等组成。而且我们每天都在更新海外文凭的样板以求所有同学都能享受到完美的品质服务。
国外毕业证学位证成绩单办理方法：
1客户提供办理西蒙弗雷泽大学西蒙弗雷泽大学毕业证假文凭信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）
— — — — 我们是挂科和未毕业同学们的福音我们是实体公司精益求精的工艺！ — — — -
一真实留信认证的作用(私企外企荣誉的见证):
1：该专业认证可证明留学生真实留学身份同时对留学生所学专业等级给予评定。
2：国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书这个入网证书并且可以归档到地方。
3：凡是获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内将在公安部网内查询个人身份证信息后同步读取人才网入库信息。
4：个人职称评审加20分个人信誉贷款加10分。
5：在国家人才网主办的全国网络招聘大会中纳入资料供国家500强等高端企业选择人才。娃没到过没资格跟小伙伴们争论在山娃的记忆深处只有过年时父亲才会在家呆上三五天无奈相聚的时光总是太短太匆忙记得今年正月就在父亲扛起蛇皮袋将要跨出门槛的一刹那山娃突然抱紧父亲的大腿嚎啕大哭父亲吃力地掰开山娃的手哽咽道山娃好好听话好好念书到了暑假爸也接你进城爸的城好远好大好美山娃于是天天扳着手指算计着读书也格外刻苦无奈时间总过得太慢太慢每次父亲往家打电话山娃总抢着接听一个劲地提醒父亲别忘了正月说的话电涌
一比一原版(TMU毕业证)多伦多都会大学毕业证如何办理
TMU本科学位证成绩单【微信95270640】☀️原版仿制多伦多都会大学毕业证书扫描件本科学位证书【办证Q微信95270640】TMU毕业证书扫描件原版仿制毕业成绩单，能完美还原海外各大学TMUBachelor Diploma degree, Master Diploma（本科/硕士多伦多都会大学毕业证书、成绩单）TMU大学Offer录取通知书、雅思成绩单、托福成绩单、雅思托福代考、语言证书、学生卡、高仿留服认证书等毕业/入学/在读材料。1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的多伦多都会大学毕业证书扫描件本科学位证书TMU毕业证书扫描件原版仿制毕业成绩单工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪。
【本科硕士】多伦多都会大学多伦多都会大学毕业证学位证（GPA修改）；学历认证（教育部认证）；大学Offer录取通知书留信认证使馆认证；雅思语言证书等高仿类证书。
办理流程：
1客户提供办理多伦多都会大学多伦多都会大学毕业证学位证信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）
真实网上可查的证明材料
1教育部学历学位认证留服官网真实存档可查永久存档。
2留学回国人员证明（使馆认证）使馆网站真实存档可查。
我们对海外大学及学院的毕业证成绩单所使用的材料尺寸大小防伪结构（包括：多伦多都会大学多伦多都会大学毕业证学位证隐形水印阴影底纹钢印LOGO烫金烫银LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕激光镭射紫外荧光温感复印防伪）都有原版本文凭对照。质量得到了广大海外客户群体的认可同时和海外学校留学中介做到与时俱进及时掌握各大院校的（毕业证成绩单资格证结业证录取通知书在读证明等相关材料）的版本更新信息能够在第一时间掌握最新的海外学历文凭的样版尺寸大小纸张材质防伪技术等等并在第一时间收集到原版实物以求达到客户的需求。
本公司还可以按照客户原版印刷制作且能够达到客户理想的要求。有需要办理证件的客户请联系我们在线客服中心微信：95270640 或咨询在线高楼最底屋最下面很矮很黑是很不显眼的地下室父亲的家安在别人脚底下须绕过高楼旁边的垃圾堆下八个台阶才到父亲的家很狭小除了一张单人床和一张小方桌几乎没有多余的空间山娃一下子就联想起学校的男小便处山娃很想笑却怎么也笑不出来山娃很迷惑父亲的家除了一扇小铁门连窗户也没有墓穴一般阴森森有些骇人父亲的城也便成了山娃的城父亲的家也便成了山娃的家父亲让山娃呆在屋里做作业看电视最多只能在门口透透气不能跟陌生人搭腔更家
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Communicating in english flexibility within a norm
- 1. Communicating in English: Flexibility Within a Norm For many years controversy about whether a standard English exists or not has over run the mind of scholars and professionals on linguistics. Many of them are considered purist of the language and defend the idea that all the other variants of English spoken in different parts of the world are wrong. However, many people have shown the opposite. It cannot exist a standard form of English due the language is changing and evolving every day.
- 2. -Kind of Research- In the article it is explained that many scholars are looking forward the creation of the standard English. Nevertheless, despite the efforts this has not been possible due the language is in a constant change and development. This kind of research is Applied. The author takes an already established theory the make his investigation.
- 3. Type of Research The type of knowledge used for this research was the Apriori knowledge (based on observation). The author observed the variants of English language in different countries. After spending some time observing the language behavior, he was able to make a conclusion. Mark D. Offner. (n.d.). Offner - Communicating in English: Flexibility Within a Norm (TESL/TEFL). Retrieved from http://iteslj.org/Articles/Offner-Communicating.html