Commonwealth Essay Competition 2009 Winners

Commonwealth Essay
Competition 2009 Winners
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Commonwealth Essay Competition 2009 WinnersCommonwealth Essay Competition 2009 Winners

The Pros And Cons Of Ethnography
Ethnography is the systematic study of people and their cultures. It refers both to the process that
is used to study people as well as the outcome of this process. The term ethnography comes from
the Greek words ethnos (which means people or nation) and grapho (which means I write ).
Ethnography has been around for several decades, although it became highly popular in the late
19th century. There have been several approaches to this study; Franz Boas, for example,
preferred using documents and informants to learn more about other cultures. However, many
ethnographers nowadays follow the approach of Bronislaw Malinowski, who believed that
researchers should immerse themselves in the life of the people they were studying. Malinowski
embodied this belief by going to Trobriand Island, living there for several years while he did his
fieldwork, and even learning the language of the local people.
At first glance, ethnography offers a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Before he could begin studying a certain group of people, the ethnographer has to build rapport
with his subjects and make them comfortable around him. Of course, he has to spend months or
even years observing how they live on a daily basis and understanding their culture, norms, and
traditions.
3. It depends on the ethnographer s relationship with his subjects.
Unlike most quantitative studies that can be done even with an impersonal relationship,
ethnography requires researchers to be in close contact with his subjects and have a good one on
one relationship with them. Building this relationship can be easy, but there are cases when the
ethnographer would have a difficult time creating rapport with his subjects. This is particularly true
for tribes that have not been in frequent contact with outsiders as well as groups of people don t
take kindly to foreigners living in their lands.
4. It depends on people s openness and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Decision-Making Process Paper
Decision Making Process
People make decisions every day. What clothes to wear? What movie to watch? What to cook for
dinner? Most of us want to think that we are capable of making logical decisions. Goldstein
(2011) suggest deductive and inductive reasoning are part of the decision making process.
Deductive reasoning arrives at a conclusion based on multiple premises that are assumed to be true
and inductive reasoning arrives at a conclusion based on what is probably true about the evidence
(Goldstein, 2011). Consequently, doctors, attorneys, psychologists, and many other professionals
are held higher on accountability for their decision making processes. This essay gives descriptions
of how humans make logical and risky decisions, and methods ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
They are held to higher standards of ethical behavior for their roles and duties, including their
decision making processes (Rogerson, Gottlieb, Handelsman, Knapp, Younggren, 2011).
Conversely, when decisions involve complex circumstances, making ethical decisions can become
complicated. Ethical knowledge does not always generate ethical behavior (Rogerson et al., 2011).
Certain circumstances have personal and interpersonal influences that affect decisions, and intuition
may have a larger effect. Rogerson et al., (2011) argues that in the field of psychology, these
professionals can improve decision making processes by including a broader range of factors that
can persuade decision and judgment. Whereas Ron Howard (1986) argued that decision analysis
enhances effective decision making providing systematic analysis, imaginative creativity, and logic.
Although Howard et al., argument evolved many years prior to Rogerson et al., the concept
remains the same, psychologist should not be receptive to presumptuous inappropriate roles of
advocacy or participate in analyses whose earnings are ethically distasteful. Howard et al., (1986)
suggest three levels of criticism decision analyses, application criticism question how decision
analysis improves actual decision making, conceptual criticism argue that the deterioration of the
decision analysis process may

My Passion For Palliative And Hospice Care Social Work
When it came to envisioning my advanced block placement, I knew I wanted something different,
something to transform the way I practiced social work for the last fourteen years. The timing
ideal as my passion for palliative and hospice care social work was in transition. I seized the
opportunity in preserving it by securing an international internship where I could research the
cultural differences in the quality of both the tangible and intangible deliverables in providing
compassionate end of life care. The destination, Nepal!
Knowing I was traveling to an underdeveloped nation, I did my homework, or did I? I partnered
with an ancillary community college who I thought focused on expanding the development of
social work as a discipline in Nepal and were teaching BSW students to become nearly the first truly
educated social work practitioners in the country, which excited me. Disappointingly, the system
lacked structure and organization.
My trip started off tumultuously, as did my relationship with my host, consequentially who lacked
hospitality among other qualities, leaving me to discover the copious cultural dichotomies and
challenges around every corner, alone, daunted by the lack of local support. Thankfully my Seminar
Instructor, Wanda Anderson, LICSW and my classmates supported me through the pit falls every
step of the way!!! Learning that the Nepalese culture and its diverse issues, for example, the
concept of time management, which is idle, punctuality

The Potential Of Robotic Surgical Devices Hampered By...
The Potential of Robotic Surgical Devices Hindered by Inadequate Regulations According to UC
Davis Heath System, Debra Johnson, a sixty year old woman diagnosed with endometrial cancer,
had to undergo robotic assisted surgery from a Surgical Doctor, Gary Leisoerowiz, from UC Davis
Medical Center in 2006 (UC Davis Health System). Debra went though with the surgeryand
received positive results including a fast recovery, no severe scars, and cancer free (UC Davis
Health System). However, in a different case involving robotic surgical device used on a patient
thing went horribly wrong. According to the Daily News and the article, Surgical robot da Vinci
scrutinized by FDA after Death, Other Surgical Nightmares , Juan Fernandez died during... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This includes the increase in dexterity, the restore of proper hand eye coordination, and
improvement of visualization (Meyers et al.). In Cameron Scott s article from the Healthline News,
Is da Vinci Robotic Surgerya Revolution or a Ripoff?, he states that robotic devices including the
da Vinci surgical device succeeds well in urology and the removal of prostate. Prostate removal
is extremely difficult for open surgery practice, however the da Vinci made is easier with about
90 percent of these kinds of surgeries are now done robotically (Scott). Some evidence even
suggest that with robotics used in prostatectomy, there is less blood loss, faster recovery, and
fewer internal scarring according to reports mention in Eastham s article (Eastham et al.). There are
many other examples from hospitals and manufactures that support the uses of robotic surgery and
its benefits. However, even though these new technologies of robotic devices are supposedly be
helping patients and making surgeries less invasive, they are still many concerns of how they
should be properly regulated.
This all began in the year 2000, when the Food and Drug Administration approved the latest and
most popular medical device, the Da Vinci Surgical System manufactured by Intuitive Surgical Inc.
Today, over 3,300 systems of da Vinci are used in operating rooms today according to the Mayo
Clinic

Grocery Shopping Satire
Johnny Bullock
English 104
Bowman
December 5, 2012
Annoying Shoppers
Grocery shopping can be a very interesting experience. It seems like nothing more than a quick
and easy chore at first. You go in, throw whatever you want into your cart, pay and then get out.
Its almost relaxing, that is if the grocery store is completely empty. Unfortunately, there are
always those other shoppers. The ones who think they own the place or something. They re in just
about every grocery store in America. You know who I m talking about, that one parent usually a
mom with a kid who just so happens to be screaming bloody murder. Also, everyone knows a bad
cart driver when they see one, not to mention the label readers. And finally, probably the... Show
So, after carefully scanning each regular check out line, you finally spot the one with what
seems like the shortest line and casually stroll over there to wait your turn. What you didn t see,
was that the lady you decided to stand behind had the entire store in her cart! Little did you know
that she was the worst shopper of them all the Couponer. This is the bargain shopper who s
annoying actions are broken down into three steps. First, this shopper will decide to pack her cart
so full that the pile of groceries in her cart is taller than she is! Inevitably, creating a longer
waiting time for you. Next, she will stand there, stare at the clerk s computer screen and argue
about the 2 for 1 price for every item that doesn t match up exactly the way she wants. Finally,
after all her groceries are scanned, bagged and carted, the couponer will then proceed to dig
through her entire purse searching for every coupon she has ever saved over the past year for
that one shopping trip. As if she hasn t already wasted enough of everyone s time. It is at this
point of your experience when you realize that any hope of an efficient and speedy shopping trip
was just tossed out the window. With all of the annoying people that decide to go to the grocery
store, shopping can easily turn from a quick and easy chore into one of the most tedious
experiences of your life. I encourage you, as a shopper, to watch out for people like this the next
time you go

Story about Intangible Things Essay examples
Intangibility used to be a focus of mine. I lived for the things that were fleeting and impossible to
categorize. I was free of the constraints of anything and everything, from language to thought. I
found beauty in the things you could not touch and could not even grasp your mind around fully.
Now I feel so far removed, I need something to grab on to. I need something I can touch and know
is real, solid, and there something permanent. It is like being stuck in an Impressionist painting.
Nothing is solid because everything is momentary and instantaneous. That was the sort of thingI
once reveled in. However, things are too muddled now for enjoying intangibility. I simply want
comfort and firmness. I need a rock to hold on to or I am... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I just lost a huge chunk of my life that I was never going to get back, but the world spun on,
leaving me behind. Trying to fall asleep that night was near impossible. I tossed and turned for
over three hours, and my sheets were in a labyrinth at my feet. I grabbed my pillow and pressed
it over my head as hard as I could. All I wanted to do was block the thoughts and leave my mind
in some sort of nirvana. No such luck. My thoughts kept spinning around and crashing into each
other, knocking things around inside my head. I yearned for the vacancy of sleep but knew it
was unattainable. I kept replaying in my head what a fantastic job I was doing at evading reality
until now. I had mastered the art of denial. It was exhausting, but it had worked so well. I had
every natural skill it took to escape, elude, and side step past a problem I did not want to face.
There was nothing I hated more than being forced to see the sharpness and look life straight in
the eye. I was aware of the flaws in this approach to life and dealing with certain situations, but
for some reason the realization that my master plan had its failings only made me emerge myself
in it more entirely. Now there was no faking it anymore. It was real and it was happening. I could
not tip toe past the truth this time. The following months were probably the hardest of my life.
Despite the hot weather, I had never felt so cold. I remember driving down the freeway one day,
scrutinizing the white dashed lines,

Penalizing The Federal Budget Pros And Cons
The federal budget is in crisis and the national debt is growing by the second. In an effort to
stabilize the budget, I propose to cut spending in the areas of reducing troops in Afghanistan,
healthcare, tax expenditures, and social security amongst others. While the premise behind helping
others in our nation and abroad is an honorable idea, we need to find ways to do this while
incentivizing people who work hard, rather than penalizing them. According to the New York
Times, troops in Afghanistan are still heavily reliant on their American counterparts for training,
technological resources and intelligence (Mazetti Shear). While it may be necessary for American
troops to be present in an effort to gain intelligence and stabilize activity in the area, we are not
there to build their nation. America needs to reduce the number of troops in harms way and reduce
the spending for another nation, especially when our budget doesn t allow for such luxuries.... Show
The subsidies created by the government have good intentions, and some people are deserving.
People are at risk to lose their current health care coverage due to companies finding it cheaper to
pay the penalty tax or their private plans do not meet the essential health benefits. Americans are
taxed more for Medicare if they are over a certain income threshold and those without insurance
who choose not to purchase insurance will also be taxed. Short term costs will raise due to the
increase in preventive care measures. However, even when the healthcare reform is fully
implemented, it is anticipated that 31 million Americans will still be without coverage

The Orangeburg Massacre
Boom! Pow! Shots were fired! Screams could be heard from miles away. Tears could be seen
from all over the town. Many things were lost that day, which include three beautiful lives. The
Orangeburg massacre was a tragedy which transpired on the dreadful night of February 8th, 1968.
A large group of African American students protested with riots by cause of the segregation of a
bowling alley titled All Star Bowling . The students protested with a brawl/rioton the University of
South Carolina (USC) campus. With the predicament from the protests, national guard was called
in to ease the gargantuas situation. With the continuance of the riots, gunshots were fired by
police, injuring over thirty students and fatally killing three. Due to the racial tensions in South
Carolina, students compromised by protesting in the USC campus because of the segregation of
a bowling alley presented as All Star Bowling and the conflict developed because of the deaths
that proceeded at the protests. Countless of the problems started before the event with the Civil
Rights Act of 1964 and the racial tensions in South Carolina. The Civil Rights Act of 1964
pronounces that there should be absolutely no favoritism on color, sex, race, or religion. While in
1968, Segregation is still going on which leaves people discombobulated and angry at what is
going on. The Orangeburg Massacre is an example of a protestof enraged students who still do not
understand why segregation is still going on. The

Research Paper On Thomas Edison
Thomas Edison: Amazing American Inventor
Thomas Edison was an amazing Inventor who everyone knows about. He was born in Milan
Ohio, February 11( Thomas Alva Edison Book ). Edison created many wonderful things like the
electric lightbulb. He held more than 1,000 patents for his inventions( Bio.com ). Thomas was also
the last of seven children of Nancy and Samuel Edison( History.com )From being a very smart
child, to becoming an amazing inventor, Thomas Edison became one of the most important
Americans in history.
Younger Years
His mother was a great influence on him when he was a child( Bio.com ). Edison got scarlet fever
and ear infections which gave him hearing problems( Bio.com ). 1854 is when his family moved to
Port Huron, Michigan( Bio.com ). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is when he decided to dedicate his life to inventing( History.com ). In 1870, He created his
first small laboratory in Newark, New Jersey( Bio.com ). Edison employed mechanists to help
him( Bio.com ). Thomas was paid 100,000 dollars for the quadruplex telegraph( Bio.com ).
Edison s wife died at age 29 from a suspected brain tumor( Bio.com ). 1876 is when he moved to
Menlo Park, New Jersey( History.com ). In 1877, he created the phonograph, and he built a great
laboratory( Bio.com ). Edison once said, I have not failed, I ve just found 10,000 ways that won t
work ( Brainyquote.com ). At the end of his life he worked on the alkaline battery and he
experimented with natural rubber( History.com ). Edison died in his home from diabetes Oct. 18,
1931( Bio.com ). Thomas Edison is considered one of America s best businessmen( History.com ).
Thomas is still remembered as a great American today. Thomas has probably inspired many people
to invent new things.
Work Cited http://www.biography.com/people/thomas edison 9284349 http:/
/www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/t/thomas_a_edison.html http://www.history.com/topics
/inventions/thomas edison Thomas Alva Edison Book Written By Michael

Define Ethics In Health Care
Ethics can be described as being a concept or principle that describes human behavior. The
meaning of ethic s is hard to define; people have their own thoughts about what ethics is about.
The word ethics often times is a link with law or religion. Both of these have more to do with
society standards than one s own behavior. Ethicsis based on grounded values of right and wrong
that advise what people should do. Moreover, you can relate ethics to fairness or specific virtues.
Ethics can also be designated as values that impose the rational responsibilities to refrain from
harming, stealing or killing. Ethics is the study of universal values that consist of equality, natural
rights, obedience with the concern of health and safety. Additionally, ethics is a study of one s own
standards with the development of one s own values and moral beliefs. Ethic s means unremitting
struggle of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When we talk about health care ethics involving patients, it brings upon challenging principles in
the health arena. There are four main principles that define the ethical duties within healthcare they
are: autonomy, beneficence, non maleficence and justice. These principles are in effect at all times
within the care of the patient in any health care setting. (Health Care Ethics: Overview of the
Basics, 2011) The most important of those principles is non maleficence, which means do no
harm. It is the foundation of medical ethics and part of the physician oath. In all situations, a
provider should not cause any harm or put a patient in harm s way. The principle of non
maleficence entails the purpose of circumventing needless harm or injury that can happen through
acts of commission or omission. In simple language, it can be thought of as act of negligence if
you enact a careless or arbitrary risk of harm upon another. (Runzheimer Larsen,

Essay On Gemstones
The Properties and Types Of Gemstones
Before we get further into this topic of properties and types let s make the basics clear. What
exactly is a Gemstone? Well, The answer is pretty simple a gemstone is mineral or organic
substance that is cut and polished and used as ornaments. Gemstones are also used as a part of
many supersticious beliefs eg. Birthstones, good luck charms etc. Now that we know what
gemstones mean we will now see how to identify the various properties of gemstones.
Properties of a Gemstone
A gemstone is purely classified under two properties they are 1) Optical Properties and
2) Physical properties.
All properties of gemstones be it physical or optical are derived from the three dimensional
structure and chemical properties ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is basically the inner structure of the gemstone and this property again deals with hardness, it can
determine how hard a gemstone is based on the crystal system it also helps to determine the
durability of the gemstones. The crystal systems are cubic, tetragonal, hexagonal, trigonal,
monoclinic, triclinic, orthorhombic.
8)Fracture
Although cleavage and fracture both deals with weakness in planes. Cleavage is only found in
certain gemstones whereas fracture is found in every gemstone and any direction apart from
cleavage that occurs only in one direction. A fracture is a break in the emstone not along the
cleavage plane. There are different types of fractures namely even uneven concoidal etc. ,ost
common in gemstone being concoidal mostly seen in corundum.
Now that we are also finished talking about the physical properties. Lets move on to the types of
gemstones.
There are basically two types of classification
1)Precious and semi precious gemstones
The precious gemstones are diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald, topaz, garnet, opal, amethyst,
chrysoberyl, moonstone, turquoise, jade, amber and finally the most important one is pearl.

Camera Angles In X-Men
A Visual Analysis of the Effects of Camera Angles in the film X Men 2000
The X Men is a science fiction action movie that tells the story of humans born with extraordinary
abilities, called mutants, and the conflict they encounter fitting in with ordinary humans. The story
describes shifting power dynamics between the two groups, as the mutant population is growing,
which results in certain factions of humans attempting to enforce stricter controls and regulations
over the mutants, because they are fearful of the mutant s strength. The film X Men, belongs to a
series of nine movies, the first film was created in 2000. The movie used multiple camera angles to
express the incongruity in levels of power between between the humans and mutants, and to show
the relationships among the characters and to make the audience feel empathy for some of the
characters. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first scene of the movie begins with a high angle focused down on a line of Jewish people
on their way to a concentration camp in world war two. This angle shows them as weak and
vulnerable. (swirk) A young mutant boy, Eric, is mixed in with the line of Jewish humans. Prior
to revealing that Eric is a mutant the camera does close ups of Eric s face, at a neutral angle,
after his parents are taken away, which make him appear as ordinary and encourages the viewer
to feel empathy for him. The close up also draws the audience s attention to his emotions, and the
audience feels for him as he realizes he is losing his parents. After being separated from his
mother, Eric is filled with rage. He raises his hand up to the gates between him and his parents
escape. The camera zooms in to a close up of Eric s hand, the gates break down, and the viewer can
understand by the clever camera techniques that Eric s hand that has a supernatural power that can
bend

How To Write A Persuasive Speech On Homeless Children
Hey, students and teachers, today I d like to talking about the homeless children. Firstly, most
children do not have ability to survive, due to they can t afford bills for house s payment and
food for every day. I guess many of you have seen the homeless, they re all looks very poor and
actually they re starving homeless. Although charitable organizations are trying to help them. If
there is a child who even can t have some food for daily life, how does he gonna grow up with a
healthy body or survive out there. For example, let s take a look at the BBC news, in essence
there is a clearly data shows that most of homeless children are in peril, and the quantity of that is
still increasing. However, it s a bad news for both government and citizens.

How Does Carroll Think Of Something So Different Like The...
Alice is running forward, or so she thinks; however, Alice is doing the exact opposite of that.
Alice has a main objective in this novel; she must move eight squares in order to become a
queen. In Lewis Carroll s, Through the Looking Glass, Carroll adds a certain pizazz that most
people wonder where it comes from. How does he come up with certain characters? How does he
think of something so different like the Jabberwocky poem? Many things contribute to Carroll s
writing: struggling with sleep deprivation, dealing with dual personalities, having an education,
growing up with several siblings, and handling abnormal eating habits. Sleep deprivation has been
known to cause hallucinations and the inability to retain information. Carroll suffered from sleep
deprivation and the side effects of it. One can assume that he used the side effect, the inability to
retain information, in chapter three as Alice is traveling through the woods. What do you call
yourself? the Fawn said at last. Such a soft sweet voice it had! I wish I knew! Thought poor Alice.
She answered, rather sadly, Nothing, just now ( Carroll 43). The fawn and Alice are walking
through the woods and Alice is having a rather hard time remembering her name as they move
along. The fact that she cannot remember her... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One item that plays a role in this narrative is that Carroll was, The eldest boy in a family of 11
children, Carroll was rather adept at entertaining himself and his siblings, ( Early Life n.d.). Being
older than many of his siblings, Carroll began writing creative short fiction stories. Through the
years he continued writing, but it was now as a job. Carroll exhibits his creativity through the
White knight s inventions ( Carroll 110). The White Knight invents anklets to go around his horse
s feet to protect them from shark bites ( Carroll 110). Not many would think of something to go
around ankles to protect them from being bitten by a

Rawls Justice As Fairness
Rawls Justice as Fairness: John Rawls was dissatisfied with the traditional philosophical approach
to justifying social and political actions therefore he attempted to provide a reasonable theory of
social justice through a contract theory approach. In his work, A Theory of Justice, Rawls bases
almost the entirety of his piece on the question, what kind of organization of society would rational
persons choose if they were in an initial position of independence and equality and setting up a
system of cooperation (A Theory of Justiceenotes)? From this seemingly simple question, Rawls
goes into further detail describing what he believes society would and should do when setting up a
fair and just organizational structure. Throughout his... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The veil allows for equality and ensures that no advantaged nor disadvantaged individual will be
swayed to decide a certain way on a principle due to their natural and social biases in society. One
example given in Rawls work deals with two men; one man is wealthy while the other man is
poor. As the topic of tax and reform comes up, the wealthy man pleads his case and denounces
the tax and welfare system that was in place solely because he did not want his riches taken from
him. On the other hand, the poor man pleaded his side of the discussion, fully supporting the tax
and welfare system in place, stating that the system is completely just and necessary, therefore
causing a split conclusion on the principle due to differences in characteristic bias. Therefore, to
solve this difference, Rawls created the notion of the veil of ignorance which gives neither the
wealthy man nor the poor man prior knowledge to their financial status (or any other natural/social
statuses) allowing the overall greater equality for society to be exposed. John Rawls then turns to
his justice principles, arguing that the parties in the Original Position would adopt two such
principles, which would structure the theoretical organization. The first and most important
principle is the Liberty Principle. The

Machismo In Mexican Culture
Machismo, or male chauvinism, is a concept that characterizes many Latin American male
behaviors, most importantly those associated with masculinity and pride. This concept, most likely
introduced to New Spain by Spanish conquistadors who embodied these traits, was then adopted
and integrated as a part of Mexican culture going forward. Because of male masculinity prevailing
over feminine traits during the 17th century, misogynyand the oppression of women became a norm
in Mexican culture. Struggling to be valued in Mexico, women turned to literature and art to voice
their opinions and expose the machismo in Mexican culture. Through literature and art, is where
feminismin Mexico arose and is continually strengthen in. This paper will discuss the ways in
which Mexican feminist literature and art over time have exposed and challenged machismo,
misogyny, and the Mexican patriarchy since the Spanish Conquest.
One of the most important and controversial figures in Mexican history and literature is La
Malinche. La Malinche, also known as Dona Marina, Malintzin Tenepal or Malinalli, played a
significant role in the Spanish Conquest as translator and political mediator to HernГ n CortГЁz.
Although her importance in the conquest is undeniable, her depiction in literature and as a woman
have been up for debate and the interpretations of her have influenced Mexican feminism. The two
well known interpretations of Malinche s story are polarized interpretations of the historical figure
and

Swot Analysis Of Sears
The merger between Sears and Kmart was a very big event in business. At the time both
companies were in the top three in sales along with Walmart. A summarized look of the history
and background of Sears before the merger all started in 1866, When Mr. Richard W. Sears
created a watch company that he named R.W. Sears. This company was in Minneapolis,
Minnesota and the watches were only sold via mail orders. The following year the company
decided to settle in Chicago as their first real location and Mr. Sears hired his first employee
named Alvah C. Roebuck, who was a watchmaker. Then in 1888, the first ever catalog that
included Mr. Sears watches and jewelry was established. One year later Mr. Sears sells this
newly started company and starts another company that was named Sears, Roebuck and Co. A
man named Julius Rosenwald, a wealthy clothing line owner, decided to buy out Mr. Roebucks
side of the company. Around the same time ownerships are switching the first large catalog for
the company was published. Then in 1911 Sears then created their first testing laboratory. By the
end of 1913 the company introduces the very popular brand known as Kenmore. After the launch
of this brand the company begins to bring in tons of more revenue and decides to create a savings
and profit sharing funds for Sears employees. But a thing to remember is that Sears did not
actually open a retail store until 1925 that was located a few miles outside of Chicago. In 1931
Sears went into another

Ethnic Inequality
Ethnic inequality
The stereotypes derived from ethnic differences are a crucial source of inequality found in
education outcomes. According to Steele and Aronson (1995, p. 808), the concept of stereotype
threat refers to the condition of individuals at risk of conforming to the negative stereotypes
associated with them, which lead to self characterisation. This analysis of stereotype threat is
important because ethnicity plays a role in reproducing unequal academic performances. For
instance, past research has identified poorer mathematical performance in white men who were
confronted with the stereotype of Asian superiority in maths, compared to those without such
confrontation (Aronson et al. 1999, pp. 37 38). Similarly, a study has proven how the cultural
stereotype of black s intellectual inferiority is an affecting factor to the academic performances of
African American college students, as they perform poorer when stereotype was reinforced (Steele
Aronson 1995). These studies contend how ethnicity plays a part in categorising individuals into
separate identities, which have the ability to generate inequality in educational outcomes.
Additionally, the different cultural orientations of certain ethnic groups may either encourage or
discourage an individual s academic achievements (Kao Thompson 2003, p. 419). To illustrate, in
the United States (US), Asians represent the 54 per cent of individuals with bachelor s degree,
whereas Hispanics reported the lowest

The Effect Of The Black Plague On The Economic Situation...
The readings for this class concerned the Peasants Revolt of 1381, and included documents 60
Wage and Price Regulations, 62 Chronicle Accounts of the Peasants Revolt, and 63 Peasants Revolt
Trials. The documents, with the exception of document 60 which was written in 1349 and 1350,
were all written contemporarily with the event. This paper will take approach A, attempting to
create a unique thesis for each document individually due to the differing nature of the documents.
Document 60 on wage and price regulations contains the Ordinance of Labourers, 1349 and the
London Wage and Price Regulations, 1350. Both of these are laws issued by Parliament in order to
combat the numerous effects of the Black Plague on the economic situation of... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Serfdom, is similar in being involuntary labour, but was tied specifically to land holdings.
Serfdom, therefore, only affected serfs. Compulsory service, on the other hand, applied to all
free men under sixty years of age as well. Besides, neither of these systems were cited as
inspirations for compulsory service. The authors of the document specifically mention the dire
economic situation as the impetus for their decision. Although, this legislation seems more aimed
in fear at the rising of lesser classes than a reasoned response to economic change. A latter section
specifically discourages giving alms to beggars upon pain of imprisonment. Previously, free
labourers were able to seek employment in other towns or villages if they found some manner of
their current work unsuitable. Under compulsory service, attempts to do such a thing were
punishable with jail time. Compulsory service did not disappear and was utilised well through the
fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Wage and price fixing was not a new concept in England in
1349, but it had never been done on this scale. Generally, both wages and prices had been regulated
regionally. This often meant individual villages had rules set differently than one another,
depending on circumstance, and the people setting them. With this ordinance in 1349, King
Edward III unified the country in a way, bringing every region, regardless of local differences,
under one set of rules. Punishment for breaking these rules too became

Stonewall Jackson Military Style
Stonewall Jackson was known for his intense attention to detail in military strategy, eccentric style
of teaching at VMI, and strange encounters with others, all traits of a person with Asperger s
Syndrome.
Jackson became known to be able to place his men exactly where Lee wanted them at the exact
time they were needed. Though he never succeeded in strategizing as much as leading his men,
Jackson knew how to drive his men forward swiftly and attack with skill alongside Lee s mastered
strategies. For patients with Asperger s, intense focus on certain definite topics is a key component
in diagnosis. Subjects that remain constant with solid facts and unchanging rules are where people
with Asperger s tend to excel. The arranging of men for militarystrategies could be seen as a puzzle
waiting to be solved, with solid actions and reactions from the enemy that must be anticipated. The
focus ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Jackson began his career as a professor in 1851 and continued until the beginnings of the Civil
War, teaching multiple topics such as Natural and Experimental Philosophy and Artillery Tactics.
Known to be incredibly smart in his topics, the way he presented the topics, difficult to
understand at best, created a harsh curriculum for his students. With reports of him giving lectures
in monotone voices, strictly organized then reported from memory, many alumni seeked to gain
his removal in 1856 due to what they deemed poor teaching. Asperger s Syndrome is known to
cause odd tones of voice such as flat or robot like, alongside an increased memory with the ability
to memorize facts and small details for a stretched amount of time. Being able to memorize whole
lectures on strenuous subjects is an incredible feat that could cause questions as to how Jackson
kept up such a teaching style for almost ten

Tebuconazoles Lab Report
Testes and reproductive organ weight Oral administration of tebuconazole caused a significant
(P в‰¤ 0.01) decrease in the weight of testes, epididymis and seminal vesicles at the duration of
15 days and highly significant (P в‰¤ 0.001) decrease in the weight of testes, epididymis and
seminal vesicles in 30 and 45 days at the dose of 250 mg/kg bwt/ day in the experimental rats.
However, tebuconazole showed a non significant decrease in the weight of ventral prostate at
the duration of 15 days wherever a significant (P в‰¤ 0.01) and highly significant (P в‰¤ 0.001)
decrease was observed at the duration of 30 and 45 days (Table 1.1). Sperm Dynamics, Motility
and Fertility The sperm density in testes and cauda epididymis decreased highly significantly (P
в‰¤ 0.001) after tebuconazole administration in the all dose duration (Table 1.2) and a severe
impairment of sperm motility in cauda epididymis was also observed in the experimental rats.
Control rats showed 100% positive fertility in the mating exposure test while the rats exposed to
250 mg/kg b. wt/day dose level showed 70, 90 and 100% negative fertility in the duration of 15, 30
an 45 days respectively (Table 1.2).... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, tebuconazole showed a non significant decrease in the level of serum testosterone, FSH
and LH at the duration of 15

Smoking and The Human Body Essay examples
Smoking is a bad habit which plagues the young, as well as the old. It is the largest source of
preventable mortality in North America1. Not only does smoking lead to an early grave, but it can
also influence one s daily life. Many studies have revealed links between smoking and reduced
endurance capacity2. Nicotine, the addictive agent found in cigarettes, can also be used to control
weight gain.
Both of these factors can have considerable effect on the sporting world. There have been many
studies done, indicating that if you smoked, you did less physical activity. It has also been shown
that the more you smoke, the less activity you do. In one experiment done on smokers and non
smokers, the subjects were tested while running a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many sports and activities require the athlete to do notable amounts of work and expend a fair
amount of energy.
When an athlete smokes, they will not be able to get the required oxygen to the necessary parts of
the body, and therefore will not perform as well. It has been proven that even if you have smoked,
when you quit smoking your levels of physical activity will increase8. When taking a glimpse of all
the top athletes in the world, it can be noted that none of them are frequent tobacco product users.
Another aspect of smoking and the human body is the effect of nicotine on body weight. Nicotine,
the drug found in cigarettes, is usually what tends to get smokers addicted to tobacco products.
Through many different experiments, it has been shown that smokers tend to weigh less than non
smokers9.
These tests were done not only by measurement of weight, but by multiple skinfold thickness
assessments. In a study done on rats, it was determined that nicotine exposed rats had significantly
less carcass fat, suggesting that nicotine effects fat stores. The more nicotine which was given, the
less fat the rats had. It was hypothesized that nicotine effected these fat stores was by altering key
enzymes in the regulation and uptake of triglycerides such as adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase10.
When dealing with humans, one study found that smokers had 2.8% lower total body fat than non
smokers11.
During the process of

Cadbury Takeover
Case Study: Cadbury Takeover
Introduction:
In the beginning of 2010 the US food giant took over one of the most famous British confectionary
companies, Cadbury, affectively making Kraft the largest food confectionary company in the world
(Smith, 2010). According to Rigby and Masters (2010) the takeover was one of the biggest and most
hotly contested acquisitions in the UK . The process was exhaustively followed by media, which
criticized inability of British Government to limit takeovers of such famed British brands in the
future as it is part of the British identity. Moreover, during such process a large number of
employees have suffered, not only through a large number of redundancies, but also through the
change in management ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
According to Lawrence Hrebiniak: Kraft ... has scared off Cadbury employees by trying to make
their decentralized culture fit the US company s highly structured approach (Lucas and Rappeport,
2011). For Cadbury s employees this meant increased uncertainty about their future employment
overall, as well as structure of the internal relationships and management style, especially as a
result of a closure of a number of factories as well as mass redundancies (Stiff and Ralph, 2011).
Employees on the lower level of the hierarchy had to get used to new structure of the company,
which meant that many of them have to report to different managers than previously. On top of
that, due to the merger, employees of two different companies now have to work side by side,
and considering that employees of Kraft feel they should be dominant (Lucas, 2011), it can reflect
negatively on the relationship between employees not only vertically on the hierarchy, but also
horizontally. Of course, relationships are not changing only for Cadbury s employees, Kraft
workers are also directly affected (Lucas, 2011), as takeover involved changes for them also
including closure of Kraft factories and redundancies of Kraft s employees (Stiff and Ralph, 2011).
The takeover had also impact on the employees higher up on the hierarchy. As mentioned by one of

Cupid Chastised Art Analysis
The Cupid Chastised painting was made in 1613 in the early Italian Baroque era by Bartolomeo
Manfredi. The painting is 69 x 51 3/8 inches, and painted with Oil paints on canvas. While staring
at this painting you can see that with each brushstroke that was made you can see that this painting
was an obviously inspired from Caravaggio s work. Caravaggio s style of paintingis very
recognizable for its realism, intense chiaroscuro and has the effect that makes you feel as if you
are a part of the scenery. Most of Manfredi s painting has as the Caravaggio s style to help his
paintings to have more dramatic action. In the Italian Baroque era there were many followers of
Caravaggio, called the Caravaggisti; Caravaggio influenced his follower by having... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
When seeing this painting in person we see all the lines and colors really pop out as opposed to
seeing it in a text book. You see that the images are much clearer in person giving us sharper
appearances of the subject matters. With Manfredi being a member of the Caravaggisti, and
therefore; we see Caravaggio like methods in the painting; such as the darken background, and
the one source lighting. With the background being very dark not only does it allow you to
focus more on the subject matter of the piece but it allows for the gloomy emotional aspect of it
to be displayed. With the one source lighting in this painting it permits for Cupid s skin to look
like actual perfect flesh. The lighting allows Manfredi to show off his skills on how well can he
imitate the human flesh by having the layers of red, giving the painting life, and the layers of
blue, giving the paint translucently. The lighted areas that is caused by the once source of light
focuses on the main parts of the composition; the flying doves, the Mars arm holding Cupid s
wrist, Cupid, and the Venus shoulder and arm. Like most of Caravaggio s paintings, the one
source lighting helps Manfredi to displays Leonardo s Golden triangle method. Just like
Caravaggio s paintings, Manfredi uses the Golden triangle method so that the viewer s eye is
always being

The Modern Welfare State Essay
Introduction
Article 25 of the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights, (UNDHR) legitimizes the socio
economic rights of citizens of all nations as stated below:
Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well being of himself and
his family, including food, clothing, housing, and medical care and necessary social services, and
the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other
lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control (Hartley Dean; 2004).
The human subject is endemically vulnerable and to survive requires collective organized
mechanism for mutual cooperation and support (Hartley Dean; 2004). To manage this endemic
vulnerability the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A random Google search using the term welfare state will reveal multiple results. However the
following three capture the essential elements across the social, economic and political schools of
thoughts. They describe the welfare state as
1.A set of government program that attempt to provide economic security for populations by
providing for the people when they are unemployed, ill or elderly.
2.A system whereby the state undertakes ostensibly to protect the health and well being of its
citizens, especially those in financial needs .
3.A state whose government devotes a very large proportion of its activities and expenditures to the
direct provision of the personal benefits to be consumed by qualifying individuals or families, or
governmental entities in the form of supplies, professional services, government issued stipends,
allowances or subsidies.
Central in all these definitions is the role of the state vis Г vis the citizens. The state has the
responsibility to carter for its citizens irrespective of what the citizens do for the state. This
means that the welfare state is not a give and take or a two way game . It is not based on any
political agreement or pact between politicians, parties and the population to exchange votes in
favour of welfare facilities. This should not be confused with the notion of a quasi contract based
on the principle of reciprocity, which places the emphasis on mutual obligation and responsibility
between state and

An Investigation Into the Differences Between Retail and...
An investigation into the differences between retail and investment banks
Over the past decades, retail banks have remained the main commercial bank for consumers, rather
than corporations or other banks. The investment bank has become more popular amongst
individuals, corporations and governments which are interested in raising their profits. Retail banks
and investment banks have different organizational structures and activities. So they have many
differences, such as services, customers and profits. And this report aims to distinguish between the
retail bank and the investment bank in order to identify their specific service areas. Firstly, the
author will review some literature focusing on the definitions. Secondly, the author will ... Show
There are also many advantages of the investment banks which usually provide services for the
company. First of all, most of the investment banks are global company and it can provide services
more widely than the retail banks. Such as Morgan Stanley is a leading global financial services
firm providing a wide range of investment banking, securities, investment management and wealth
management It reports US$779 billion as assets under its management. Its headquarter located in
Midtown Manhattan , New York City. It has companies in 37 countries with over 1,200 offices,
employees dedicated to local businesses, government agencies, institutions and individuals. So the
investment banks can provide the services (such as trading of derivatives, fixed income
instruments, foreign exchange and commodities) all over the world. Secondly, the revenue of the
investment banks significantly more than profit of other types of banks. If you save your extra
money in the retail banks, you can only get the interest from the rates. But if you sand your money
to the investment banks you can get remarkable returns although it has a high risk. For example the
Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. is an American investment bank and securities. And it provides mergers
and acquisitions advice, underwriting services, asset management, and prime brokerage to its
clients, which include corporations, governments and individuals. Amazingly, the company in US
profits reached a

The Sixties Countercultures
The Sixties were a time of major change in United States society. We had reached beyond
modernity with technology, consumerism, and the youth leading us to the suburbs of discontent.
According to Hugh Heclo, There came surge of personal discontent and social self questioning that
would constitute the great awakening of the 1960s. He goes on to argue that people no longer
accepted the status quo and from the counter culture groups we have studied in class this is
evident. People were more concerned with morals and institutional openness in order to create a
better vision of the world than the traditional ideals of the Cold Warera. Heclos main argument is
that this vision is the legacy of the Sixties is the tendency for peoples to question their governments
practices, in the name of a more egalitarian society. I agree with his assertions and can see proof in
the Yippee movement, Students for a democratic society, and Young Americans for Freedom. The
counterculture shows how action was taken to restructure the government in their own way in order
to help the newly oppressed. While the groups do not exist in the same way today, the actions they
took made a lasting impression on the fabric of society and government. The Yippies were radical
and wanted a complete rejection and reformulation of the American system. They were unwilling to
work within existing institutions and used theatrical tactics to demonstrate their discontent. They
partook in drug use, enjoyed rock n

Relationship Advice
During high school, I was the only one of my friends who did not go on dates. I have to admit
that it was extremely embarrassing showing up to homecoming alone with a pair of balloons in
my hand, but it was totally worth it in the long run. Despite being single at the time, my friends
came to me for relationship advice. Since my friends all scored steady boyfriends with my advice, I
bet you are eager to find out what I told them. No guy will be able to resist you if you follow these
pieces of advice.
First off, play extremely hard to get with your crush when he asks you out. You should constantly
brag about yourself and tell your date he s lucky he was able to get in contact with you. Flirt with
the attractive waiter asking what you want to drink to make your date jealous. Also, be brutally
honest with him when you don t leave him hanging. You want him to known that if this dinner does
not go as planned that you will be going to the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If most girls wear fancy dresses, wear sweatpants and a hoodie. If most girls wear jeans and a
blouse, wear a fancy dress and high heels. Spend either hours on your makeup or put little effort
into your routine. Do not tell your date what you plan on wearing. Although he may already have
an idea, it is your job to leave him wondering.
If you follow these guidelines, you are sure to find true love after the first date. This advice has
worked for many girls, and they always share it with their closest friends. You will be seeing this
advice all over the place because it is the easiest and most successful way to win a guy over. The
writer of this advice, who has recently been revealed under the name of Mal Mal, has become a
practical therapist to other college girls looking for love. Despite her own words turning against
her, she still chooses to share her advice. If she can help other girls in college find love, she

Crisis Episodes
This study done by Oliver Robinson and Gordon Wright (2013) focuses on the crises
experienced in early and middle adulthood and its correlation with prevalence, type of crisis
experienced, and how an individual perceives them retrospectively. To explain this, in the article
the authors explain the definitions of autobiographical memory and crisis episodes.
Autobiographical memory meaning the memories a person has about their past that makes up
their personal and individual story (Robinson Wright, 2013). While a crisis episode, for the sake
of Robinson and Wright s (2013) study, is described as a past period of life that is characterized by
difficulty, stress and negative emotion, and which is in retrospective viewed as a turning point...in
the life story. Robinson and Wright (2013) then use these terms in their article to explain that their
study, overall, would focus on participant s using a... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The measures used were the adult crisis episodes retrospective self assessment tool, a self report
tool that was based on other retrospective assessment techniques and the Toronto empathy
questionnaire. In the first measurement tool the participants were asked questions regarding
occurrence and timing of crises, types of crisis events, and perceived post crisis growth (Robinson
Wright, 2013). Both scales used a 5 point likert scale. In order to gather the 1,023 participants in
the study the authors used online platforms such as being featured in a blog and an online
newsletter, advertising, and being included in an online site for an adult education college as well
as hand delivering letters that included a summary of what the study would consist of different
neighborhoods in London (Robinson Wright,

The Florida Project Essay
The Florida Project is a film about a family living in a motel and how financial hardship affects
the children of this film. The family I choose to support is Moonie s mother, Hailey. Within the
film, Hailey is unemployed and having a challenging time finding a job which caused her to lose
the assistance she received from welfare. Hailey turns selling discounted items on the streets and to
prostitution as her main source of income. To try and support this family, I would offer Hailey a job
at my uncle s restaurant, which will allow her not to use prostitution as a source of income. If
Hailey was able to have a steady job should would be able to provide her daughter a better place to
live and a reliable food source. Additionally, Hailey having a steady would allow her to receive
assistance from welfare if she qualified.
The film ended with a good cliffhanger, having the viewer question what would happen next to
Hailey and Moonie or why Moonie ran away to Disney World. I feel that Moonie went to Disney
World because she thought that she would blend it with all the other children and not be taken by
DCF. When Moonie runs away Hailey was faced with another challenge of trying to find her
daughter to be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She had to remain resilient despite the stress that faced her and Moonie. Even though her
personality was unpleasing to most, the bond she created with her daughter allowed both to survive
their hardship together. A major challenge Hailey encountered was when she was being evicted
from her motel room and had to seek refuge at another motel. Unfortunately, the motel changed its
management along with the prices causing Hailey to become volatile with the staff, eventually
being able to move back into her previous motel. Bobby her landlord is the only person who tries
to support Hailey and

Theory, Space, Society Space And Its Influences On Both...
пїјGEO2313 Theory, Space, Society

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