Common Occupational Allergies: Where Do We Stand?
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Common occupational allergies include contact dermatitis from exposure to chemicals in various work environments like construction and healthcare. Occupational diseases can affect the skin, nose, and lungs from allergens or irritants. It is important to identify potential occupational allergens early to prevent chronic illness and support removal from exposure. Latex allergy is common in healthcare workers while contact dermatitis and rhinitis frequently occur in jobs like construction, hairdressing, and food processing due to chemicals. Preventive measures include identifying susceptible workers, controlling exposures, and using protective equipment.
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![Common Occupational Allergies: Where Do We Stand? Rakesh Nair MD, Karina Villalba, Deepa Dillikar MD, Shafia Rubeen MD, Indu Prasadh MD and Janvier Gasana MD, PhD Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Robert Stempel School of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL BACKGROUND: Allergies in the workplace are being more readily identified and are now a significant source of illness. Occupational disease of the skin may take the form of allergic contact dermatitis from exposure to chromium in cement or be of the primary irritant type such as on exposure to benzene by motor mechanics. The nose may be affected by exposure to specific allergens such as wheat flour in bakers, or non-specific irritants such as coal dust in miners. Among occupational diseases affecting the lungs, hypersensitivity pneumonitis affects farmers exposed to moldy hay, miners exposed to silica and asthma in animal laboratory workers. Prompt intervention for suspected occupational allergies is most important as early detection may lead to reversibility of symptoms. Unfortunately once the disease is established, withdrawal from the offending environment may not necessarily lead to symptom improvement. Although medication and symptom control are important, the offending allergen must be identified early and removed from the environment to prevent chronic ill health. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Common Occupational Settings With Exposure To Hazardous Biological Agent SECTOR EXAMPLES Agriculture • Cultivating, harvesting, forestry • Breeding and tending animals, fishing Agricultural products • Abattoirs, food processing plants • Storage facilities: grain silos, tobacco • Processing animal hair, leather, silk • Textile plants, sawmills, paper-mills Animal care • Veterinary facilities, pet shops Biotechnology/ • Production, microbiology, animal units research labs Metal • Metal working, soldering Mining • Gold and coal mining Health care • Hospitals, clinics, nursing homes Pharmaceutical • Production of drugs, herbal products Sewage and • Waste removal, treatment plants waste disposal Chronic bronchitis Chronic obstructive lung disease Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis) Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, urticaria Asthma Asthma-like syndrome (acute functional respose) Toxic pneumonitis Organic toxic dust syndrome (fever, myalgia, headache, respiratory symptoms) Inhalation fever (fever, myalgia, fatigue Infections (including zoonosis) Contact irritant dermatitis Contact allergic dermatitis Protein contact dermatitis Carcinoma (eg. nasopharynx, liver, lung) Occupational Diseases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],How Can we Prevent or Control Occupational Allergy (OA)? Primary preventive measures : These measures can potentially include: (i) Identification of highly susceptible workers and locating them to areas without exposure to known sensitizers. (ii) Limitation of exposure to potential respiratory irritants among those with pre-existing asthma to reduce work-related aggravation of asthma. (iii) Use of engineering controls, such as elimination of a responsible agent, substitution with a safer substance/chemical, ventilation, process or equipment modification, process enclosure, dust reduction techniques, housekeeping and work practices. (iv) Administrative controls to reduce number of workers exposed or duration of exposure, e.g. job rotation, rest periods, shift or location changes where fewer people are working with sensitizers or irritant exposures. (v) Personal protective equipment (at the worker level), which includes respirators, gloves, goggles and coveralls. Secondary preventive measures Aimed at detecting indicators of early sensitization or early changes of sensitizer-induced OA be for e there is permanent disease. This identification and early intervention with removal from further exposure can prevent permanent asthma. Tertiary preventive measures Aimed at limiting medical impairment among those with established OA. (i) For those with irritant-induced asthma, it has been suggested that early treatment with oral corticosteroids may improve long-term prognosis . For patients with persistent asthma induced by irritants, standard asthma management modalities, such as patient education, limitation of non- occupational irritant exposure and relevant allergen exposure as well as pharmacologic management as for non- occupational asthmatics, should be utilized ii. For workers with sensitizer-induced OA, the best prognosis general ly requires complete avoidance of re-exposure to the sensitizing occupational agent and any immunologically cross-reacting agents, in addition to standard asthma management. Dermatitis/Eczema Urticaria/bommels/wheals ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/commonoccupationalallergy-12637556361256-phpapp02/85/Common-Occupational-Allergies-Where-Do-We-Stand-1-320.jpg)
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Occupational health and safety
Occupational hazards, occupational health
Occupational safety and health should not be sidelined as a service delivery issue. Health worker health and well-being is an important aspect of workers’ motivation and job satisfaction, which influence productivity as well as retention. Health worker safety also affects the quality of care; caring for the caregiver should be a priority area of concern for the health system’s performance.
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Occupational hazards in dentistry include biological, physical, chemical, ergonomic, and radiation-related risks. Biologically, dentists and staff are at risk of contracting infectious diseases like hepatitis, HIV, and other viruses from patients' blood and saliva through cuts, needlesticks, or aerosols. Physically, sharps injuries, debris to the eyes, and repetitive stress from poor posture can occur. Chemically, mercury, latex, and disinfectants pose inhalation and contact risks. Prevention focuses on infection control, protective equipment, safety protocols, ergonomic practices, and monitoring equipment and exposure levels.
Infection control word
This document discusses infection control procedures for dental offices and laboratories. It identifies high-risk patients and sources of infection like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Basic infection control procedures include wearing gloves, protective eyewear, masks, sterilizing instruments, disinfecting surfaces, and properly disposing of contaminated waste. Proper hand hygiene and use of barriers like gloves, masks, and protective eyewear are emphasized. Chemical disinfectants discussed include glutaraldehyde, chlorhexidine, hypochlorite, and alcohol. Maintaining clean surfaces and properly sterilizing or disinfecting instruments and materials are essential to prevent disease transmission between patients and dental staff.
Natural rubber latex hypersensitivity in health care worker
Natural rubber latex hypersensitivity in health care workerChulalongkorn Allergy and Clinical Immunology Research Group
The document discusses latex allergy in health care workers. It finds that the prevalence of latex allergy among health care workers ranges from 1-20% depending on the country and implementation of preventative measures. Risk factors for latex allergy include a personal or family history of atopic diseases, frequency and duration of latex exposure, and use of powdered latex gloves which produce airborne allergens. Proper diagnosis involves skin prick testing, measurement of latex-specific IgE antibodies, and challenge testing. Management focuses on education, strict avoidance of latex products, and use of powder-free latex gloves or non-latex alternatives to reduce exposure and risk of sensitization.006.safetymanagement v3
This document discusses occupational diseases, their causes, and methods of prevention. It begins by defining occupational health and occupational diseases. Some common occupational diseases are then listed along with their causes, such as silicosis from dust exposure in mining. The key strategies for preventing occupational diseases are avoiding hazards through safe technology, optimized working conditions, and primary employer responsibility. Methods of prevention include engineering controls, protective equipment, health monitoring, and legislation. Employers must inform workers of risks and minimize disease impacts through various medical, technical and administrative measures.
Overview of occupational disease dr wayne ramlogan
A 25-year-old construction worker was diagnosed with acute lead poisoning from his work removing lead-based paint using a sander. An investigation found several employees performing similar work without adequate protective equipment or facilities. The employer failed to properly assess risks or control exposures as required by law. While the worker recovered with treatment, the case highlighted the need for national policies on occupational lead exposure and enforcement of international exposure limits.
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Industrial safety aims to reduce risks of injury, loss, or danger from industrial hazards. Hazards refer to substances that can cause harm and include risks like toxicity, chemical exposure, and fires. Common industrial hazards include fires, mechanical, electrical, chemical, pharmaceutical, environmental, and physical dangers. Proper safety measures like equipment maintenance, training, protective gear, and emergency protocols help minimize risks from these various industrial hazards.
Occupational Hazards in Dentistry.pptx
Dentistry exposes professionals to various occupational hazards including biological, physical, chemical, and psychosocial risks. Biological hazards pose the greatest risk through exposure to microorganisms from patients' blood and saliva. Physical hazards include injuries from sharp instruments while chemical hazards arise from substances like mercury and latex. Preventing occupational hazards requires education, proper protective equipment, and risk assessment of all dental procedures and activities.
Biological Agents
A description of Biological Agents that could affect people in the workplace if Health and Safety protocols are not followed.
Occupational health lect 4th year mbbs
1. The document discusses occupational health and safety topics including physical, chemical, biological, and psychosocial hazards present in the workplace.
2. It provides definitions and examples of occupational health, occupational hygiene, ergonomics, and outlines the aims and functions of occupational health services.
3. Case studies are presented involving workers exhibiting symptoms that could have occupational causes such as respiratory issues, skin irritation, and heat illness.
Chemical hazards in Dentistry
This document discusses various chemical and psychological hazards present in dentistry and methods for their control. It outlines mercury exposure from dental amalgam and environmental concerns related to its disposal. It also discusses exposure risks and control measures for nitrous oxide, acrylates, latex, disinfectants, glutaraldehyde and other chemicals. Psychological hazards like stress, burnout, anxiety and depression from factors such as difficult patients, overwork and noise are also covered. Suggested controls include relaxation techniques, managing difficult patients, flexible schedules and making work-life balance.
Industrial health
This document discusses occupational health hazards and diseases. It outlines several types of occupational hazards including physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, and psychological hazards. Specific physical hazards mentioned are heat, cold, light, noise, and ultraviolet radiation. Chemical hazards can include carbon dioxide and sulphuric acid. Biological hazards may arise from bacteria, fungi or viruses. Mechanical hazards stem from machinery. Psychological hazards relate to job satisfaction. Some common occupational diseases are also described such as phosphorus poisoning, bagassosis, and caisson disease. Both preventive and curative measures are important to protect worker health, including training, examinations, hazard removal, and first aid.
Occupational Asthma
Occupational asthma can be caused by sensitizers or irritants. Sensitizer-induced occupational asthma involves immunological mechanisms like IgE, while irritant-induced occupational asthma involves non-immunological mechanisms like epithelial injury. Diagnosis involves assessing exposure history, objective testing like spirometry and specific inhalation challenges, and ruling out other conditions. Management focuses on complete avoidance of causal agents, though medications, protective devices, immunotherapy, and lowering exposure may also help in some cases.
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Natural rubber latex hypersensitivity in health care worker
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