This presentation is prepared for ensuring safe handling of chemicals at Meghnaghat Power Limited.

1. Hazardous Chemical Handling
Prepared by:
Md. Abdul Hannan
Plant Chemist, MPL.

2. Hazardous Chemical
 Occupational Safety & Health Act (OSHA)
term that denotes any chemical that would be
a risk to employees if exposed in the work
place
 A hazardous material is anything that is:
flammable, corrosive, reactive, an oxidizer,
toxic/carcinogenic/etc., or breaks down to
give species with any of the above categories.
 Examples: acetone (flammability); 1N HCl
(corrosive); sodium cyanide (toxicity);
chloroform (cancer suspect agent).

3. Categories of
Hazardous Chemicals
 Corrosive
 Flammable
 Toxic
 Reactive
 Biological (infectious)
 Carcinogen (cancer-causing)
 Radioactive

4. Physical States of
Hazardous Materials
 Liquid
 Solid
 Gas
 Vapor

5. How to Handle
Chemicals Properly
 Use cautions
 Always follow procedures
 Read all labels
 Keep yourself and the work area clean
 Plan ahead

6. Routes of Exposure
 Inhalation
 Ingestion
 Absorption
 Injection

7. Symptoms of
Possible Overexposure
 Eye discomfort
 Breathing difficulty
 Dizziness
 Headache
 Nausea
 Vomiting
 Skin irritation

8. Incompatible Chemicals
 Flammables and oxidizers
 Flammables and any ignition source
 Acids and cyanides
 Strong acids and strong alkalines
 Concentrated acids and water
 Organic solvents and corrosives
 Corrosives and other reactive materials

9. Agencies That Regulate
Hazardous Chemical Storage
 Occupational Safety and Health Administration
(OSHA)
 National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
 Department of Transportation (DOT)

10. Chemical spills: what should you
do?
• For any spill, alert others and close off the
area;
• Use chairs/stools to close off part of a
corridor.
• If necessary, you can use the fire alarm to
clear the building.

11. Handling Flammable Chemicals
 Keep containers closed when not in use
 Keep away from ignition sources
 Avoid contact with incompatible materials
 Only transfer to approved containers
 Bond all receiving containers
 Clean up spills and dispose of waste properly

12. Proper Storage of
Flammable Chemicals
 Ensure that storage areas meet regulatory
requirements
 Replace all bung caps with drum vents after
receiving containers
 Ground all drums properly
 Store quantities in approved storage rooms
and cabinets
 Store only in small quantities

13. General Safety Tips
 Never eat, drink, or smoke while using
hazardous chemicals
 Use personal protective equipment as required
 Make sure all chemical containers are
properly labeled
 Always wash up after using chemicals

14. General Safety Tips (cont.)
 Never smell or taste a chemical to identify it
 Know all emergency procedures and equipment
 Always read labels’ MSDSs prior to use
 Store all hazardous chemicals properly
 Always use hazardous chemicals as intended

15. Primary Container Labels
 Identity of the hazardous chemical
 Appropriate hazard warnings
 Name and address of the manufacturer
or importer
 Target organ effects

16. Secondary Container Labels
 Identity of the
hazardous chemical
 Hazard warning
information

17. Handling Chemical Emergencies
 Know emergency phone numbers
 Know how to control the spill
 Know proper equipment shutdown
procedure
 Know proper evacuation routes
and assembly areas

18. What Emergency
Personnel Should Know
 Emergency cleanup and disposal measures
 Required protective equipment
 Use of cleanup equipment
 Firefighting and other emergency measures
(i.e., first aid)
 Use of other emergency equipment

19. First Aid for
Chemicals in the Eyes
 Don’t rub the eyes
 Hold eyelids open and flush with water for
15 minutes
 Be careful not to contaminate the other eye
 Seek additional medical attention

20. First Aid for
Chemicals on the Skin
 Flush area with lukewarm water for
15 minutes
 Remove clothing and jewelry from
burn area
 Seek additional medical attention

21. First Aid for
Chemical Inhalation
 Move victim
to fresh air
 Get immediate
help

22. First Aid for
Chemical Ingestion
 Induce vomiting only if told to do so by
Poison Control
 Get immediate medical attention

23. Flammable & Combustible
.
Flash
Point
200°F
140°F
100°F
73°F
Boiling Point
100°F
IA IB
IC
II
IIIA
Combustible
Flash Point
> 100°F
Flammable
Flash Point
< 100°F

24. Flash point of Fuels:
Fuel FlashPoint (o
F)
Acetaldehyde 36
Acetone 0
Benzene 12
Biodiesel 266
Carbon Disulfide -22
Diesel Fuel (1-D) 100
Diesel Fuel (2-D) 126
Diesel Fuel (4-D) 130

25. Flammable Liquid:Class IA,IB,IC
Examples:
 IA:acetaldehyde, butyne, chloropropylene,
dimethyl sulfide, ethyl chloride, ethyl ether.
 IB:acetone, benzene, carbon disulfide, ethyl
alcohol, ethyl acetate,gasoline, hexane,
isopropanol, methanol, toluene.
 IC:amyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, isobutyl
alcohol, methyl isobutyl ketone,
styrene,turpentine, xylene.

26. Combustible Liquid:
Class II,IIIA,IIIB
Examples:
II: fuel oils, kerosene, and hexyl alcohol.
IIIA: aniline, benzaldehyde, butyl cellosolve,
nitrobenzene and pine oil.
IIIB: animal oils; ethylene glycol; glycerine;
lubricating, quenching, and transformer oils;
triethanolamine; benzyl alcohol; hydraulic
fluids and vegetable oils.

27. Hazard

28. Labels – NFPA DiamondLabels – NFPA Diamond
 RED - Flammability
 BLUE - Health
 YELLOW - Reactivity
 WHITE - Special
 RED - Flammability
 BLUE - Health
 YELLOW - Reactivity
 WHITE - Special
{NFPA – National Fire Protection Association}

29. Labels - Health Hazard
 What the numbers show
0 = No hazard
1 = Slight hazard
2 = Dangerous
3 = Extreme danger
4 = Deadly

30. Labels - Reactivity
 What the numbers show
0 = Stable
1 = Normally Stable
2 = Unstable
3 = Explosive
4 = May detonate

31. Labels - Special Hazard
● What the letters showWhat the letters show
• OXOX = Oxidizer= Oxidizer
• ACIDACID = Acid= Acid
• ALKALK = Alkali= Alkali
• CORCOR = Corrosive= Corrosive
• WW = Use No Water= Use No Water
• = Radioactive= Radioactive

32. Labels - HMIS{ Hazard Material
Information System}
Protective Equipment
A = safety glasses
B = safety glasses + gloves
C = safety glasses + gloves + synthetic apron
D-Z = etc.......
BlueBlue
RedRed
YelloYello
ww
WhitWhit

33. Routes of Exposure
 Inhalation - most common
 Skin absorption
 Ingestion
 Injection

34. Health Hazards
 Major Types
–Corrosives - cause tissue damage and burns on
contact with skin or eyes
–Primary Irritants - cause intense redness or
swelling of skin or eyes on contact. No permanent
tissue damage
–Sensitizers - cause an allergic skin or lung reaction
–Acutely Toxic Materials - cause an adverse effect
even at very low doses
–Carcinogens - may cause cancer
–Teratogens - may cause birth defects
–Organ Specific hazards - damage to specific organ
systems such as liver or lungs

35.  Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
 are one of the most important tools
 available to employers
 for providing information, and
protection
 to workers from hazardous chemicals
 which are used in the workplace.

36. MSDS information
 Identity of the chemical
 Physical and chemical characteristics
 Physical hazards
 Chemical hazards
 Control measures
 Emergency procedures
 precautions for safe handling and use
 Date of preparation

37. Health Hazard Controls
 Product substitution
 Ventilation
 PPE

38. OSHA’s Checklist
Are employees trained in the safe handling practices of
hazardous chemicals such as acids, caustics, ammonia
etc?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Is employee exposure to chemicals kept within
acceptable levels?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:
Are eye wash fountains and safety showers provided in
areas where corrosive chemicals are handled?
[ ]Always [ ]Usually [ ]Sometimes [ ]Never [ ]N/A
Comments:

39. Summary
 Manufacturers must assess hazards of
chemicals.
 Distributors must transmit hazard information
to employers.
 Employers must provide information to
workers.