Colour blindness is caused by a genetic mutation that affects the genes on the X chromosome. It results in the inability to see certain colours fully or at all, with different types affecting red, green, blue or the ability to see any colour. John Dalton was the first to scientifically document and study his own colour blindness in the 18th century. While there is no cure, special glasses can help some types of colour blindness. It does not affect life expectancy but can cause issues like problems distinguishing traffic lights or plants of similar colours. Around 8% of males and 0.5% of females have some degree of colour blindness.

1. Colour
Blindness

2. 2
What is colour blindness
● A genetic mutation.
● People who are colour-blind can only see certain colours,
depending on which type of colour blindness they have.
● There are all kinds of colour blindness!
- Red-blind
- Green-blind
- blue-blind
- Only black and white
- etc!

3. 3
What chromosome is affected
● The genes that can give you colour blindness are passed
down on the X chromosome.
● Normal people have the spectrums of colour that makes
them be able to see all colour, but colour blind people don’t
have all the spectrums.

4. 4

5. 5
Symptoms & how it affects the
individual
● Colour blind people can not see what a normal person can,
thou they still can tell the difference between the colours that
they are blind in. Sometimes, what they see are more like
different shades of the same colour.
● If someone has colour blindness, they might not be able to see
the traffic lights properly, they might pick the wrong thing,
they could be bullied.

6. 6
Who discovered it?
● John Dalton (yes, the same person who
contributed to the atomic theory) described his
own colour blindness as being confused
scarlet with green and pink with blue in 1794.
And that is how he became the first to
discover it!
● After he died, the examination revealed that
his humours were perfectly fine, but the DNA
from his eye tissue showed that he was
lacking the middleware photopigment of the
retina!

7. 7
Who discovered it?
● In 1798 he published the first scientific paper related to the subject
which was called “Extraordinary Facts Relating to the Vision of
Colours”.
● Dalton’s brother was the only person he knew that saw colour the
same inaccurate way.

8. 8
Treatment and cure
● There are no treatments for most kinds of colour vision problems,
unless the problem is caused by the use of certain medications or by
an eye disease.
● But if you are colour blind, you can get special colour blindness
glasses! If you are red-green colour blind and have all three cone, but
one is not letting you see correctly, this is the solution! Sorry, if your
colour blindness is too severe, it might not work as well.
● Dalton’s brother was the only person he knew that saw colour the
same inaccurate way.

9. 9
Life expectancy of individuals
● People with this colour blindness can normal length lives! Lots of
them don’t even know they have colour blindness for most of their
lives!
● People with colour blindness have a higher chance of accidents such
as traffic light mistake (they all look the same!)
● And possibly eating the wrong plant in the wild (and such) can also
be a problem. Let's say there are two identical looking plants, one
green (fine), one red (poisonous). Normal people can distinguish
between them and eat the safe one, but to tritanomaly people, they
all look the same greenish-yellow! If they eat the wrong one, they
will be poisoned!

10. 10
Only about 0.0001% of males
and females have this type.

11. Prevalence of red–green colour blindness among males.

12. 12
That’s why they can’t drive! (most
likely)
(Normal)

13. “
That part of the image which others call
red, appears to me little more than a shade
or defect of light; after that, the orange,
yellow, and green seem one colour, which
descends pretty uniformly from an intense
to a rare yellow, making what I should call
different shades of yellow.
--John Dalton
13

14. “
14
Mr.VanSlyke: Alex, what did you put on this slide? There’s
no text!
Alex: Huh? What do you mean? [Highlights the texts]
Mr.VanSlyke: :0 Everyone, I am colour blind! You need to
look out for thoes people with colour blindness when you
are picking colours for slides and [keeps on talking].
Students: :0

15. You can’t see the thing
unless you are colour
blind in some way!

16. ● Mr. Quast (both)
● Mr. VanSlyke
● John Dalton
● Bill Clinton
● Keanu Reeves
● Mark Zuckerberg
● Prince William
● Jack Nicklaus
● Abraham Lincoln
● And much more!
People who are colour blind

17. - If your colour
blindness is genetic,
your colour vision
will not get any
better or worse over
time.
- September 6th is International
Colour Blind Awareness Day! This
day was chosen to rally the
cause of colour blind awareness
because it coincides with John
Dalton’s birthday.
17
Interesting facts

18. ● https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/color-
blindness/causes-color-
blindness#:~:text=The%20genes%20that%20can%20give,X%20chromosome%2C%20fr
om%20their%20mother.
● https://prezi.com/3tu5wp4a9bln/genetic-mutation-of-color-blindness/
● https://colorblindnessbylandm.weebly.com/cause-and-inheritance.html
● https://www.google.com/search?q=how+chromosome+is+changed+in+colour+blind&b
ih=668&biw=1422&hl=en&ei=Pv9UYuX6L7Hq9AP7v5yQDw&ved=0ahUKEwjlke-
d1433AhUxNX0KHfsfB_IQ4dUDCA4&uact=5&oq=how+chromosome+is+changed+in+c
olour+blind&gs_lcp=Cgdnd3Mtd2l6EAM6BAgAEEc6BwgAEEcQsAM6CAgAEAcQChAe
OgYIABAHEB5KBAhBGABKBAhGGABQiIcBWOejAWDXpQFoEXACeACAAVaIAb4Kkg
ECMTmYAQCgAQGgAQLIAQjAAQE&sclient=gws-wiz&safe=active&ssui=on
● https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7863342/#:~:text=Abstract,blue%2C%20selectively%2
0absorbing%20longer%20wavelengths.
● https://enchroma.com/en-ca/blogs/beyond-color/john-dalton-the-father-of-color-
blindness
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRerkhaY53k
● https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GCQE1U2EQ_4
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_blindness#Protanopia
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_with_color_blindness
● https://www.ranker.com/list/color-blind-celebrities/celebrity-lists
18
Sources

19. The
End
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