Colostomy care involves maintaining hygiene by regularly emptying the colostomy bag and cleaning the stoma site. There are several types of colostomies, including ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid, each with varying output consistencies and locations on the abdomen. The procedure includes preparing tools, ensuring patient comfort, and monitoring the stoma for color and condition, while also educating patients about care and diet management.

1. COLOSTOMY CARE
PRESENTED BY,
MISS. SILLA ELSA SOJI
MSC NURSING 1ST YEAR
TMM COLLEGE OF NURSING

2. DEFINITION
Colostomy is a surgically created open in the colon for the
purpose of evacuation of bowel.
Colostomy care is the maintenance of hygiene by regular
emptying of colostomy bag and cleaning colostomy site.

3. TYPES

4. Ascending colostomy — is made from the ascending part of the
colon. The ascending colostomy is usually located in the low to
middle right side of the abdomen. The output is often liquid to
semiliquid, and gas is common.
Transverse colostomy — is made from the transverse part of the
colon. The transverse colostomy is usually located in the centre of
the abdomen above the navel. The output often is liquid to pasty,
and gas is common.

5. Descending colostomy — is made from the descending part of
the colon. The descending colostomy is typically located on the
lower left-hand side of the abdomen. The output may be pasty
to a formed consistency, and gas is common.
Sigmoid colostomy — is made from the sigmoid colon. The
sigmoid colostomy is usually located in the lower left-hand side
of the abdomen. The output is usually pasty to a formed
consistency, and gas is common.

6. PURPOSES
• To prevent leakage.
• To prevent excoriation of skin.
• To observe stoma and surrounding skin.
• To teach patient and relatives about care of colostomy and
collection bag.

7. ARTICLES
A clean tray containing:
Mackintosh with draw sheet,
Kidney tray
Pair of clean gloves
Colostomy bag
Normal saline / basin with
warm tap water,
Gauze pieces,
Gauze pad / tissue paper
Skin barrier,
Stoma measuring guide,
Pen or pencil and scissors.

10. PROCEDURE
Arrange the all necessary articles.
Explain the procedure to the patient.
Provide privacy and assist patient to a
comfortable position.
Wash hands & wear gloves to prevent infection.
Spread Mackintosh & draw sheet to protect linen
Remove used pouch & skin barrier gently by pushing the skin
away from the barrier.
Remove clamp and empty the contents into the kidney tray.
Ensures accuracy in determining correct pouch
size needed.

11. Trace same circle behind the skin barrier, using scissors, cut an opening
1/8th inch larger than stoma before removing the wrapper over adhesive
part.
Put skin barrier and pouch over the stoma, and gently press on to the
skin, for 1-2 minutes.
Toprevent irritation to skin.
Use the pouch if it is drainable using a clamp or clip
Remove gloves and wash hands.
Make the patient comfortable
Clean the area and replace all articles.

13. Rinse the pouch with tepid water or normal saline to minimize the
odour & growth of microbes
Discard the disposable pouch in paper bag
Record the procedure with following details (with date & time ).
Amount,
colour,
and consistency of the fecal matter in the pouch.

15. SPECIAL
CONSIDERATIONS
Keep odour as free of odours as possible.
Ostomy bag should be emptied frequently.
Check the stoma regularly, the colour should be dark pink
to red and moist.
Pale colour indicates anaemia,
Dark or purple blue indicates compromised
circulation.

16. Size of the stoma stabilizes 6-8 weeks.
If dressing, check frequently for drainage and bleeding.
Keep the skin around the stoma (peristomal area) site clean and
dry.
Intake and out put chart must be recorded for every 4 hours.
Encourage the patient to participate in care and to look at the
ostomy.
Can help the patient by listening, explaining, being available and
supportive.

17. Encourage the patient to avoid fibre rich diets.
Encourage the patient to drink fluids.
Educate the patient about the various methods of odour control
measures.

18. THANK
YOU