This is an empirical study about the Kalagan Tribe in Barangay Gumalang, Baguio District, Davao City. This was conducted by the Social Studies 10 students of Mr. Kid Mar V. Narido.

1. Colloquium about the
Kalagan Tribe
Brgy. Gumalang, Baguio District, Davao City
in
School: Elias P. Dacudao Gumalang School of Home and Industries

2. Your company slogan
Rationale
The Social Studies 10 students of Holy Cross of
College, College Department, under Mr. Kid Mar V. Narido,
the instructor, will conduct a cultural community study to
gather information regarding the Kalagan tribe in Barangay
Gumalang, Baguio District, Davao City as part of their
requirement in completing the course. It is of great value
among Social Studies 10 students to immerse themselves in
the community.

3. Your company slogan
Rationale
To state, there is still lack of public knowledge about the
richness of their culture, specifically their roots, practices,
beliefs, arts and crafts, historical sites, folklore, and
technologies. These limitations brought the students to
unveil the family lifestyle of the Kalagan tribe in the
aforementioned barangay. Indeed, it is challenging among
Social Studies 10 class that they do not confine themselves
in four corners of their classrooms but enjoy to do things
merited for their cause of finding out or reasons and pieces
of learning or information that this study will bring out.

4. Your company slogan
Rationale
To become knowledgeable or aware is essential, it
helps to obtain the maximum level of understanding of the
students regarding the said activity. Moreover, this study
will give a new set of sociological facts about the existence
of the Kalagan tribe. The study is also designed to highlight
holistically the basic features of the commonly shared
patterns of family cultures of the Kalagan tribe.

5. Your company slogan
Rationale
These are the reasons why Social Studies 10 class had come
up to this idea for the students, parents, Indigenous Cultural
Community (ICC) to make them feel that they are part of
the community, promote equality, and to appreciate the
value and uniqueness of their culture.

6. Your company slogan
Rationale
With the stakeholders, this collaborative effort is in
line with the vision of the school by being Maka-Tao,
socially aware and responsive. Thus, quality education
among the students and the multitude of people in the said
community or outside of its premises may not be obscure.
Furthermore, this community and cultural study will revive
and unveil more some pieces of information of this tribe to
the mainstream people.

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Rationale
This study is also useful to History teachers and
students as this provides additional references for their
teaching and research works. This will benefit also
particularly the Holy Cross College of Calinan students who
are interested to know more about sociological or
anthropological research and other works.

8. Presenters’ Name
• Ariel Dumael
• Marlon Jay Inso
• Loudette Kaye Almencion
• Janice Niñal
• Pops Mae Joromat
• Girly Mae Ido
• Neliza Dela Cerna

9. Title of the study:
“AN EMPIRICAL CULTURAL STUDY OF
KALAGAN TRIBE IN BARANGAY GUMALANG,
BAGUIO DISTRICT, DAVAO CITY”

10. Overview of the Presentation:
 History of Barangay Gumalang
 Political/Geographical Area of Barangay Gumalang
 Discussion of Findings of the Study
 Conclusion
 Recommendation

11. History of
Barangay
Gumalang

12. In the late 18th century, the colonizing activities
of the Spanish were about to overpower the local
Datus. Because of this, some Datus looked for places to
evacuate and settle down. One of them was Datu Bago
who together with his followers was living along the
seashore. They planned together to vacate a place
where they can settle in peace and harmony.

13. Their hunting activities brought a young hunter
who is a member of their tribe to a virgin forest. In his
hunting space, he felt tired so he looked to a place to
rest. Realizing that along the river is suited for human
habitation, he returned to his community near the
seashore and told the leaders that he saw an abundant
place that can be settled down by their tribe.

14. The place was showered with nature’s
abundance. Upon reaching there, the Datu’s agreed to
subdivide the place among themselves; the Western
(now Wines), Southern part (now Malagos), Eastern
part (now Lacson) and the Northern part (now
Tamugan). They began establishing their sectors
according to the laws of the tribe headed by Datu.

15. The center of the different sectors which was the
source of the crystal clear water was named
“Gumaang” a Diangan word which means a “big
river”. Sooner and until now it becomes Gumalang.

16. Gumalang being a fertile land was the dream of
settlers who aspired for a bright future through
agriculture. The fertility of the place persuaded many
migrant families to come including the families of
Alejo, Ong, Pasaporte, and Fuentes. They migrated to
Gumalang and begun a fruitful endeavor. Then, the
enterprising Japanese established an abaca plantation.

17. The history of Gumalang is blessed with heroic
deeds by its pioneering settlers and its progress is the
joint efforts of its leaders and the co-cord of its
inhabitants.

18. Political/Geographical
Area of Barangay
Gumalang

19. No. of Purok/s: 12
Congressional Dist.: 3rd
District
Political District: Baguio
Barangay: Gumalang Total Land Area
1, 517.50 Hectares
As of Year 2010

20. Bisaya/Cebuano
Ata
Ilonggo
Tagalog
Boholano
Bagobo: Tagabawa,
Guiangan and Obo
Ilokano
Kaolo
As of Year 2010

21. Discussion of
Findings and
Results

22. Ethno-history of Kalagan Tribe
Barangay Gumalang is inhabited with the
Kalagan Tribe. The people in Barangay Gumalang
tagged them as Tagakaolo but they do not accept it
because Tagakaolos are Muslims.
This tribe did not really emerge in Barangay
Gumalang but they originated from Malita, Davao
Del Sur whose tribal leader is Datu Maltina Masiwil.
The barangay is lived by this tribe approximately since
2004. It was Mr. Masian Uboc’s family who came in Gumalan
first after his cousin, Sitta, who was living in Calinan before
introduced him to the barangay captain of Gumalang.

23. There are some reasons why this tribe moved
in Barangay Gumalang because of poor living
conditions.
• Less job opportunities
• The school is far.
• No access to electricity and potable water

24. At present, the community of the
Kalagan Tribe in the said barangay is
composed of approximately 50
Individuals who are regular voters.

25. Your company slogan
Material Possessions
A. Dwelling
• The common house of this
tribe built in their
community are made up of
bamboo, “amakan” and
wood.
• Their small community is
situated near the river bank
and most household is
surrounded with flora and
vegetable garden.

26. Your company slogan
• It is noticed that some of the households
have electricity connections. When there
is an electricity shortage, they will use
lamp or “lampara”.
• The access of water is very evident in
their place because of the presence of
communal faucet. They use this water
for washing and taking bath and its other
uses.

27. Your company slogan
• Water also is
such a big help
to them
especially in
their sanitation.

28. Your company slogan
The exodus of this tribe from Malita
made it hard for them to pack up their
things. They were not able to bring their
tribal garments and accessories as these
would add to the bulk of their load, thus,
making their transportation fee to
increase also.
B. Garment and Accessories

29. Your company slogan
C. Musical Instruments
They were not able to bring also their musical
instruments from Malita.
According to them, they have “Katimbo” and
“Gitara” during their former settlement in Malita. They
would play the “Agong” in an uncommon sound which
signifies a death of one of their tribal members. They
make also sound during birthdays by using bamboo or
“kawayan”.
C. Musical Instruments

30. Your company slogan
• They have house implements like the
typical settlers in barangay Gumalang.
Some common examples are “kaldero,”
plastic cups, knife, bolo, etc.
• They use also electronic appliances like
television and radio.
D. House Implements

31. Your company slogan
D. House Implements
She uses
“alho” and
“lusong”.
It is usually
used to make
native coffee
powder.

32. Your company slogan
Culture of the tribe in different areas:
A. Family Leadership
• The father is usually the head of the family. He
is the one who works to sustain the needs of
his family.
• The mother is usually the one who takes care
of her children.
• Both of them decide for the good and welfare of
their family.

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B. Family Income Affair
All of them continue to work hard to feed their grumbling
stomach each day.
• Most of the families’ earnings come from their jobs. One
of which is by husking coconut for copra production.
With that work, they would earn a meager amount of 150
pesos a day only.
• Some of them also are employed in DAVCO and DOLE
in which they would earn a minimum wage (P302.00) a
day. However, that is still subject for deductions like
SSS, PhilHealth, etc.

34. Your company slogan
• They have
also
engaged in
small
business
like “sari-
sari store”.

35. Your company slogan
C. Family Relationship
C. Family Relationship
Close Family Ties
To the Kalagan, family comes first and
family is everything. They live with it and
depend on it. Their dreams, aspirations and
life are always centered on their family. This
family solidarity keeps the Kalagans to be
positive amidst everything. They work hard
to ensure a better life for the family.

36. Your company slogan
C. Family Relationship
• The parents also encourage their
children to have a formal education in
order for them to have a good future.

37. Conclusion

38. Based on the aforementioned findings on the Kalagan
Tribe lifestyle, the following conclusions were made:
• The Kalagan Tribe in Barangay Gumalang are still
observing their classical lifestyle in dealing with their
families.
• At present in Barangay Gumalang, the Bisaya and
Kalagan who are settling respect one
another.
• With the gradual development of civilization, the Kalagan
Tribe have started to adopt the modern way of living.

39. Based on the aforementioned findings on the Kalagan
Tribe lifestyle, the following conclusions were made:
• The Kalagan Tribe in Barangay Gumalang mostly rely on
farming while few of them are working in DAVCO (Davao
Venture Cooperative) and DOLE Stanfilco Philippines
operating in the barangay.
• They also earned money from their small business like
“sari-sari store”.

40. Recommendations

41. • Remind the young generation and other members of the
tribe about their cultural roots to avoid obscurement.
• The barangay officials must allot the Kalagan Tribe a legal
and enough space of land for farming.
• The barangay officials with the partnership of the city
government must conduct a livelihood program for the
Kalagan Tribe at least once a month.
• The barangay officials must conduct a seminar about
basic entrepreneurship to the Kalagan Tribe.
Based on the findings of the empirical study of the Kalagan
culture, the following are recommended:

42. • To enrich the results of this empirical study, future social
scientists are encouraged to investigate more about the
literary pieces of the tribe.
Based on the findings of the empirical study of the Kalagan
culture, the following are recommended:

43. Thank You.