Cold war leaders
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The document summarizes key communist world leaders from the 20th century including Nikita Khrushchev, the first secretary of the Soviet Union after Stalin's death who initiated the Cuban Missile Crisis; Fidel Castro, the revolutionary leader and prime minister of Cuba who initially received US support before aligning with communism; Mao Zedong, the ruler of China who established the communist party and launched economic campaigns; and Mikhail Gorbachev, the last Soviet leader who presided over the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
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Japan launched a series of attacks on December 7, 1941, striking military bases and territories across the Pacific, including Pearl Harbor, the Philippines, Guam, and Wake Island. Over the next several years, Japan conquered many new territories but began suffering defeats in 1942 at the battles of the Coral Sea and Midway. Major battles continued across the Pacific as the U.S. fought to regain lost ground, culminating in the U.S. atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 that led Japan to surrender and ended World War II.
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This document provides a timeline of key events in Germany and Europe from 1918 to 1945, including the rise of the Nazi party and Adolf Hitler's appointment as Chancellor, the establishment of concentration camps and the Night of Broken Glass, Germany's invasion of neighboring countries and declaration of war against the United States, the operation of death camps and mass killings of Jews, Anne Frank and her family going into hiding in 1942, and Germany's surrender in 1945.
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After Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet Union entered a period of collective leadership as there was no clear successor. Khrushchev, Malenkov, Molotov, and Bulganin emerged as the main contenders for power. Over time, through political maneuvering and outmaneuvering his rivals, Khrushchev was able to consolidate power and become the sole leader of the Soviet Union by 1958, emerging as both First Secretary of the Communist Party and Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
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Adolf Hitler was born in 1889 in Austria. He had a difficult childhood, losing his mother at a young age and his father wanting him to pursue a career he had no interest in. After failing to get into art school, Hitler served in World War I where he was decorated for bravery. After the war, he became involved in German politics and joined the small German Workers' Party, which he transformed into the Nazi Party. He drafted a 25-point platform calling for the expansion of German territory, the revocation of civil rights for Jews, and the confiscation of war profits.
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The Yalta Conference in 1945 established plans for postwar Europe, but Stalin demanded Soviet control over Eastern Europe. Germany surrendered in 1945, and the Potsdam Conference established the occupation of Germany and an ultimatum for Japan's surrender. Eastern Europe became communist states under Soviet control forming the Eastern Bloc against the capitalist West. Japan surrendered after atomic bombs destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945.
Nikita khrushchev
Nikita Khrushchev became Premier of the Soviet Union after Joseph Stalin's death in 1953. He denounced Stalin's crimes in a 1956 speech, starting de-Stalinization. As Premier, Khrushchev oversaw reforms and improved relations with the West, but also clashes like the Cuban Missile Crisis. He was ousted in 1964 due to agricultural failures and alienating other leaders with his reforms and international incidents.
The khrushchev era
Under Khrushchev following Stalin's death, the Soviet Union underwent a period of de-Stalinization and attempted to promote a more moderate form of socialism. Khrushchev established the Warsaw Pact in response to NATO but also tried to give satellite states more autonomy. However, reformist movements in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia were met with force when they pushed boundaries or threatened Soviet control. The Soviet Union also competed more aggressively with the US globally while tensions escalated over Berlin, culminating in the construction of the Berlin Wall.
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Japan launched a series of attacks on December 7, 1941, striking military bases and territories across the Pacific, including Pearl Harbor, the Philippines, Guam, and Wake Island. Over the next several years, Japan conquered many new territories but began suffering defeats in 1942 at the battles of the Coral Sea and Midway. Major battles continued across the Pacific as the U.S. fought to regain lost ground, culminating in the U.S. atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 that led Japan to surrender and ended World War II.
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After Stalin's death in 1953, the Soviet Union entered a period of collective leadership as there was no clear successor. Khrushchev, Malenkov, Molotov, and Bulganin emerged as the main contenders for power. Over time, through political maneuvering and outmaneuvering his rivals, Khrushchev was able to consolidate power and become the sole leader of the Soviet Union by 1958, emerging as both First Secretary of the Communist Party and Chairman of the Council of Ministers.
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The document summarizes key events of the Cold War between 1945-1991, including conferences at Yalta and Potsdam that established divisions in post-WWII Europe, the establishment of communist governments in Russia and China, tensions over nuclear weapons and conflicts in Korea and Vietnam, and the ultimate dissolution of the Soviet Union under Gorbachev's reforms, signaling the end of the Cold War.
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Adolf Hitler was born in 1889 in Austria. He had a difficult childhood, losing his mother at a young age and his father wanting him to pursue a career he had no interest in. After failing to get into art school, Hitler served in World War I where he was decorated for bravery. After the war, he became involved in German politics and joined the small German Workers' Party, which he transformed into the Nazi Party. He drafted a 25-point platform calling for the expansion of German territory, the revocation of civil rights for Jews, and the confiscation of war profits.
End of World War II
The Yalta Conference in 1945 established plans for postwar Europe, but Stalin demanded Soviet control over Eastern Europe. Germany surrendered in 1945, and the Potsdam Conference established the occupation of Germany and an ultimatum for Japan's surrender. Eastern Europe became communist states under Soviet control forming the Eastern Bloc against the capitalist West. Japan surrendered after atomic bombs destroyed Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945.
Nikita khrushchev
Nikita Khrushchev became Premier of the Soviet Union after Joseph Stalin's death in 1953. He denounced Stalin's crimes in a 1956 speech, starting de-Stalinization. As Premier, Khrushchev oversaw reforms and improved relations with the West, but also clashes like the Cuban Missile Crisis. He was ousted in 1964 due to agricultural failures and alienating other leaders with his reforms and international incidents.
The khrushchev era
Under Khrushchev following Stalin's death, the Soviet Union underwent a period of de-Stalinization and attempted to promote a more moderate form of socialism. Khrushchev established the Warsaw Pact in response to NATO but also tried to give satellite states more autonomy. However, reformist movements in Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia were met with force when they pushed boundaries or threatened Soviet control. The Soviet Union also competed more aggressively with the US globally while tensions escalated over Berlin, culminating in the construction of the Berlin Wall.
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Nikita Khrushchev was a Soviet leader born in 1894 in Russia and died in 1971 in Moscow. Some of his achievements include relaxing censorship and launching the Soviet Union's first satellite. He came from a working class background and joined the Communist party, fighting against the Whites in the Ukrainian Civil War. As Soviet leader, he came into conflict with Stalin over agricultural policies. During the Cold War, he placed nuclear missiles in Cuba which led to the Cuban Missile Crisis and damaged his political standing, leading to his removal from power in 1964.
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev
Leonid Brezhnev was a Soviet leader who served as General Secretary from 1964 until his death in 1982. He reversed some liberalization under Khrushchev and cracked down on dissidents. Brezhnev pursued détente with the US, signing arms agreements but tensions increased after the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Domestically, the economy stagnated under Brezhnev despite increased military spending. He died in 1982 after 18 years in power as the Soviet system increasingly showed signs of weakness.
Khrushchev
Nikita Khrushchev became the leader of the Soviet Union after Stalin's death in 1953, taking both the positions of Prime Minister and Party Secretary. Under Khrushchev's leadership in the 1950s, the USSR experienced a period of de-Stalinization and attempts at domestic reform and peaceful relations with other nations. However, Khrushchev's policies were met with both successes and limitations. When uprisings occurred in Poland and Hungary seeking independence from Soviet control, Khrushchev's forces intervened militarily to maintain Soviet dominance over Eastern Europe. This period marked both an opening and closing of reforms in the Soviet Union under Khrushchev's transitioning leadership after Stalin.
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The First Berlin Crisis occurred from 1948 to 1949 as a result of tensions between the Western Allies and the Soviet Union over access to West Berlin. Stalin cut off access routes to West Berlin in an attempt to force the Western powers out, but they responded with an unprecedented airlift to supply the city. Eventually, Russia lifted the blockade in 1949 after failing to gain control over West Berlin.
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Nikita Khrushchev faced domestic challenges as the Soviet leader from 1953-1964. He criticized Stalin in a 1956 speech, angering Stalin supporters and encouraging anti-Soviet revolts. This made Khrushchev unpopular and worried about challenges to his leadership. His agricultural and religious policies also failed and were unpopular. Placing missiles in Cuba may have been an attempt to strengthen his position by appearing stronger against the US and distracting from domestic issues, though confronting the US carried great risks if unsuccessful.
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- NATO and the Warsaw Pact were formed as opposing military alliances between Western democracies and the Soviet bloc.
- The arms race between the US and USSR escalated with the development of the hydrogen bomb and start of the Space Race in 1957 with Sputnik.
- Tensions rose due to incidents like the U-2 spy plane being shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960.
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The Cold War began with the division of Germany after WWII, with East Germany controlled by the Soviet Union and West Germany free and democratic. The US launched the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe and prevent the spread of Communism by spending over $13 billion. Winston Churchill referred to the division between democratic Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe as the "Iron Curtain". The Berlin Wall was later built in 1961 by the USSR to stop defectors from leaving East Berlin for the West. The Cold War also involved conflicts in Korea, with North Korea invading South Korea in 1950, and Cuba, where the Cuban Missile Crisis nearly led to nuclear war in 1962.
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The document summarizes major events of World War II in the Pacific theater and Japan's conquests in 1942, as well as key battles like Coral Sea, Midway, and Guadalcanal. It also discusses the Manhattan Project and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Finally, it outlines international conferences at Yalta and Potsdam that established frameworks for post-war Europe and compelled Japan's surrender.
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The Allies fought Germany on multiple fronts to defeat them in World War 2. The USSR wanted the US and Britain to open a second front in Western Europe to draw German troops away from Russia. Although the US agreed, Britain initially did not because the US was not yet at full capacity. In June 1944, the Allies launched the D-Day invasion of Normandy, France, a major turning point. Germany surrendered in May 1945 after the Allies' invasion of Germany. The war in the Pacific continued until the US dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, leading Japan to formally surrender on September 2, 1945 and ending World War 2.
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The Warsaw Uprising began on August 1, 1944 as an armed rebellion against German occupation forces by the Polish Home Army (AK). The uprising had both strategic and political goals - to prevent the establishment of a Soviet-backed puppet government in Poland and deny Stalin's plans to place Poland within the Soviet sphere of influence after the war. After two months of bloody fighting, the uprising was suppressed by October 3. The uprising was a tragedy not only due to the 63 days of battle, but also because of the long-term effects - Hitler ordered the systematic destruction of Warsaw and the Polish forces were later persecuted by Soviet authorities. While the uprising was a cry of protest against occupation, the division of Europe between the great powers had already
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The document provides summaries of several famous photographs from history. Some of the photographs summarized include:
- A 1960 photo of Che Guevara at a funeral in Cuba that became a famous symbol of the 20th century revolutionary.
- A 1994 photo from Sudan that won a Pulitzer Prize, showing a starving child crawling to a food camp as a vulture waits, shocking the world.
- A 1961 photo of a East German border guard jumping over the Berlin Wall to defect to West Berlin during the Cold War.
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Nikita Khrushchev became the leader of the Soviet Union after Stalin's death in 1953, taking both the positions of Prime Minister and Party Secretary. Under Khrushchev's leadership in the 1950s, the USSR experienced a period of de-Stalinization and attempts at domestic reform and peaceful relations with other nations. However, Khrushchev's policies were met with both successes and limitations. When uprisings occurred in Poland and Hungary seeking independence from Soviet control, Khrushchev's forces intervened militarily to maintain Soviet dominance over Eastern Europe. This period marked both an opening and closing of reforms in the Soviet Union under Khrushchev's transitioning leadership after Stalin.
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The document discusses the ideological differences between the USA and USSR that helped cause the Cuban Missile Crisis. The key difference was that the USA supported capitalism and free market principles while the USSR supported communism and strong government control. These opposing political ideologies led to conflict during the Cold War as each country wanted to promote their system globally and prevent the spread of the other. The placement of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba increased tensions further and brought the two sides closer to war.
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The First Berlin Crisis occurred from 1948 to 1949 as a result of tensions between the Western Allies and the Soviet Union over access to West Berlin. Stalin cut off access routes to West Berlin in an attempt to force the Western powers out, but they responded with an unprecedented airlift to supply the city. Eventually, Russia lifted the blockade in 1949 after failing to gain control over West Berlin.
Causes of the Cuban Missile Crisis – Khrushchev's domestic position
Nikita Khrushchev faced domestic challenges as the Soviet leader from 1953-1964. He criticized Stalin in a 1956 speech, angering Stalin supporters and encouraging anti-Soviet revolts. This made Khrushchev unpopular and worried about challenges to his leadership. His agricultural and religious policies also failed and were unpopular. Placing missiles in Cuba may have been an attempt to strengthen his position by appearing stronger against the US and distracting from domestic issues, though confronting the US carried great risks if unsuccessful.
Cold War / Eisenhower Years
During the Eisenhower years of the Cold War:
- President Eisenhower pursued a policy of brinkmanship through massive retaliation to contain the spread of communism and stop the USSR.
- NATO and the Warsaw Pact were formed as opposing military alliances between Western democracies and the Soviet bloc.
- The arms race between the US and USSR escalated with the development of the hydrogen bomb and start of the Space Race in 1957 with Sputnik.
- Tensions rose due to incidents like the U-2 spy plane being shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960.
The Iron Curtian
Winston Churchill gave the famous "Iron Curtain" speech in 1946 after losing the 1945 UK election. In the speech, he coined the term "Iron Curtain" to describe how Soviet control now separated Eastern and Western Europe. The Soviet Union had installed a physical and mental barrier across Central and Eastern Europe from Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic. Major cities like Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, and Budapest now lay behind the Iron Curtain and were subject to increasing Soviet influence and control from Moscow. Churchill warned that the Iron Curtain was designed to keep people and information confined within the Soviet sphere of influence.
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The document provides biographical information on three dictators: Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin, and Adolf Hitler. Mussolini was the dictator of Italy who came to power in the 1920s promising to lower unemployment and restore Roman glory, but was later hung by Italian citizens. Stalin was the Russian dictator who transformed the Soviet Union into an industrial power but prosecuted a reign of terror, dying in 1953 after a stroke. Hitler was the German dictator who rose to power through his speeches, eliminated all opposition to gain control of Germany, and committed suicide in 1945 as Germany surrendered in World War II.
Timeline of Korean War
The document summarizes major events in Korea from 1905 to 1953, beginning with Japan making Korea a protectorate and later a colony in 1905 and 1910. It then discusses Japan occupying parts of China in the 1930s and Korea being divided at the 38th parallel by the Soviet Union and United States after World War 2. North Korea then invaded South Korea in June 1950, prompting US involvement on behalf of South Korea in the ongoing conflict between North and South that would last until 1953, when an armistice was finally signed maintaining the division between North and South Korea near the 38th parallel.
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The document summarizes key events in the decline and fall of the Soviet Union. It describes the leadership of Brezhnev and his expansion of state control over citizens. It then discusses Gorbachev's reforms of glasnost and perestroika that gave citizens more freedoms and autonomy but also weakened central control. As reforms took hold, Soviet republics began demanding independence, which was accelerated after Yeltsin took power in Russia and declared independence, formally dissolving the USSR by the end of 1991.
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The Cold War began with the division of Germany after WWII, with East Germany controlled by the Soviet Union and West Germany free and democratic. The US launched the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe and prevent the spread of Communism by spending over $13 billion. Winston Churchill referred to the division between democratic Western Europe and communist Eastern Europe as the "Iron Curtain". The Berlin Wall was later built in 1961 by the USSR to stop defectors from leaving East Berlin for the West. The Cold War also involved conflicts in Korea, with North Korea invading South Korea in 1950, and Cuba, where the Cuban Missile Crisis nearly led to nuclear war in 1962.
Ch. 17.3.4
The document summarizes major events of World War II in the Pacific theater and Japan's conquests in 1942, as well as key battles like Coral Sea, Midway, and Guadalcanal. It also discusses the Manhattan Project and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Finally, it outlines international conferences at Yalta and Potsdam that established frameworks for post-war Europe and compelled Japan's surrender.
Fighting & Winning The War
The Allies fought Germany on multiple fronts to defeat them in World War 2. The USSR wanted the US and Britain to open a second front in Western Europe to draw German troops away from Russia. Although the US agreed, Britain initially did not because the US was not yet at full capacity. In June 1944, the Allies launched the D-Day invasion of Normandy, France, a major turning point. Germany surrendered in May 1945 after the Allies' invasion of Germany. The war in the Pacific continued until the US dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, leading Japan to formally surrender on September 2, 1945 and ending World War 2.
Red china by kaoko & nick
After the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911, China was fragmented as the new Republic of China struggled with low central authority. Warlords dominated different regions with their own armies. In the 1930s, the Kuomintang nationalist party fought the Chinese Communist Party, who were outnumbered and fled to establish a new base in Shaanxi province. The fighting escalated until 1937 when Japan invaded China, creating an alliance between the two Chinese parties to remove the Japanese. After World War 2, the civil war resumed until 1949 when Mao Zedong and the communists defeated the Kuomintang nationalists led by Chiang Kai-shek, forcing them to retreat to Taiwan.
W - Hour
The Warsaw Uprising began on August 1, 1944 as an armed rebellion against German occupation forces by the Polish Home Army (AK). The uprising had both strategic and political goals - to prevent the establishment of a Soviet-backed puppet government in Poland and deny Stalin's plans to place Poland within the Soviet sphere of influence after the war. After two months of bloody fighting, the uprising was suppressed by October 3. The uprising was a tragedy not only due to the 63 days of battle, but also because of the long-term effects - Hitler ordered the systematic destruction of Warsaw and the Polish forces were later persecuted by Soviet authorities. While the uprising was a cry of protest against occupation, the division of Europe between the great powers had already
10photogra
The document provides summaries of several famous photographs from history. Some of the photographs summarized include:
- A 1960 photo of Che Guevara at a funeral in Cuba that became a famous symbol of the 20th century revolutionary.
- A 1994 photo from Sudan that won a Pulitzer Prize, showing a starving child crawling to a food camp as a vulture waits, shocking the world.
- A 1961 photo of a East German border guard jumping over the Berlin Wall to defect to West Berlin during the Cold War.
- A 1969 photo from the Apollo 11 mission showing Buzz Aldrin on the moon near the lunar module.
- A 2000 photo from Serbia showing the fall of Slobodan Milosevic's
Korean War
The Korean War began in 1950 when North Korea invaded South Korea, supported by the Soviet Union and China. United Nations troops led by the United States intervened to defend South Korea. Fighting seesawed back and forth across the Korean Peninsula over the next two years, eventually stabilizing along the original border between North and South Korea. An armistice was signed in 1953, dividing Korea along the 38th parallel and ending direct conflict, though the two Koreas remain separate states to this day with US troops still stationed in South Korea.
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The Cold War developed as tensions grew between capitalist Western nations led by the US and communist Eastern nations led by the Soviet Union following World War 2. Major events and crises in the early Cold War included the Berlin Blockade, the formation of NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and the Cuban Missile Crisis. Attempts at détente saw some arms control agreements but also saw continued conflicts in areas like Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Growing economic troubles in the Soviet Union led Gorbachev to introduce reforms like perestroika and glasnost, weakening Soviet control over Eastern Europe and ultimately leading to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
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The Manhattan Project was a secret US military project during World War II to develop the first atomic bombs. It was led by US physicist Robert Oppenheimer and General Leslie Groves, and involved research facilities at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, Hanford, Washington, and Los Alamos, New Mexico to produce weapons-grade materials. The first nuclear device was successfully tested at Alamogordo, New Mexico in July 1945, and two atomic bombs were subsequently dropped on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, leading to Japan's surrender. The Manhattan Project officially ended in 1946 when it was incorporated into the new Atomic Energy Commission.
Hoye cold war
The Cold War began between the US and Soviet Union after WWII due to ideological differences that led to tensions. The two superpowers used threats of force, propaganda, and aid to weaker nations to gain influence during the conflict. The origins of the Cold War stemmed from a lack of trust between the allies and disagreements over the post-war structure of Europe. Notable events that escalated tensions included the Marshall Plan, Truman Doctrine, Berlin Airlift, Korean War, and the Soviet launch of Sputnik, which spurred an American response to regain technological superiority.
The Cold War
Germany surrendered in 1945 and was divided and occupied by the Allies. The Potsdam Conference established this division and began de-Nazification efforts. Europe was largely bankrupt after the war while the US and USSR emerged as new superpowers. The Soviets wanted to rebuild the German economy to their benefit while the Americans prioritized self-determination, leading to the origins of the Cold War between them. Japan also surrendered in 1945 after atomic bombs were dropped and was remade under US occupation with a new constitution and demilitarization. These postwar changes established the foundations for the ensuing global Cold War conflict between capitalist and communist ideologies.
Cold War
The Cold War was a period of geopolitical tension between the United States and Soviet Union from 1947 to 1991. It started with the breakdown of the alliance between the US, Britain, and USSR after WWII and developed into a rivalry between capitalist and communist ideologies. The world divided into two opposing camps led by the two superpowers, and several proxy wars were fought globally without direct conflict between the US and USSR. The Cold War ended with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 due to economic inefficiencies and internal political pressures.
Edexcel, GCSE History: The Cold War 1945-91
These flash cards are specially made for those studying History A: The Making of the Modern World, Unit 1: Peace and War 1900-91, Sections 4- 6, Exam board: Edexcel. Or for anyone who wants a quick overview of the cold war.
Good luck, I hope they treat you well and bring you a great grade :) !
Chapter 8 cold war
The document discusses the origins and outbreak of the Cold War between the United States and Soviet Union following World War II. Ideological differences and tensions that arose from competing visions of democracy and communism led to distrust between the former allies. As wartime cooperation broke down, the division of Europe and tensions over issues like reparations for Germany exacerbated hostility and marked the beginning of the Cold War era.
Cold war
The origins of the Cold War began in 1945 due to differences in ideology between the Soviet Union and Western allies like the US and UK. The Soviets established communist control over Eastern Europe, while the West allied under NATO. Germany was divided, and tensions increased as both sides sought to prevent the other from gaining more global influence through espionage, the arms race, and competing economic systems. This division was symbolized by the Berlin Wall, erected in 1961 to stop East Berliners from fleeing to the West. Reforms under Gorbachev in the 1980s weakened Soviet control until the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, leading to German reunification and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, ending the Cold War.
End of WWII / Cold War
Following WWII, Europe was divided between Western allies like the US and Eastern bloc countries under Soviet control, giving rise to the Cold War. Germany was divided and occupied by the Allied powers. The US and USSR emerged as new superpowers but had opposing economic and political ideologies, leading to strategic alliances against each other. Both sides sought to prevent the spread of the other's influence and system, fearing an arms race eventually developed around nuclear weapons.
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Joseph Stalin was born Josef Vissarionovich Djugashvili in Georgia to a poor, abusive family. As a teen, he became interested in communism after reading Marx's Communist Manifesto. He joined the Bolshevik party and participated in demonstrations, strikes, and bank robberies to fund the party. Stalin worked his way up in the party after the Bolsheviks took power in Russia in 1917, becoming general secretary in 1922 and dictator of the Soviet Union in the late 1920s.
03. SOVIET CONTROL OF EASTERN EUROPE: Country by country takeover
- After World War 2, the Soviet Union exerted control over Eastern Europe by installing communist governments in neighboring countries.
- The Soviets took over countries like Albania, East Germany, Romania, Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia from 1944-1948. In each country, communist parties drove out opposition and established totalitarian rule aligned with the Soviet Union.
- Stalin used both coercion and promises of aid to bring Eastern European countries under Soviet control. By 1948, the region was firmly within the Soviet sphere of influence, alarming Western powers like the United States and United Kingdom.
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Joseph Stalin rose to power in the Soviet Union after Lenin's death in 1922. He became the first General Secretary of the Communist Party and established a totalitarian dictatorship. Stalin rapidly industrialized the Soviet Union through centralized planning but killed between 20-40 million Soviet citizens through executions, forced labor, and famine. He was a brutal leader who eliminated all political opposition.
Mussolini
Benito Mussolini was born in 1883 in Predappio, Italy. His father was a socialist and his political views as a youth were influenced by Italian nationalist figures. Mussolini became active in the socialist movement in Switzerland in his early career. He later served in the Italian army during World War 1 where he was seriously injured. Mussolini then formed fascist militant groups and in 1922 he marched on Rome and was appointed Prime Minister, beginning his rule as dictator of Italy.
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Soviet of eastern europe in 1948 89 was
Stalin controlled Eastern Europe after WWII to spread communism and gain influence. He crushed any opposition and installed puppet governments. Life was difficult, with limited freedoms and secret police. Attempts to liberalize, like Czechoslovakia's "Prague Spring", were met with invasion by other Eastern Bloc countries to maintain communist rule. Resistance was brutally suppressed, as in Hungary in 1956 when the Soviet Union invaded after a popular uprising.
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Joseph Stalin gained control of the Soviet Union in 1929 and introduced the Five Year Plans to rapidly industrialize the nation. He collectivized agriculture which caused social distress. Vladimir Lenin led the Bolsheviks to power in 1917 and established the world's first socialist state, nationalizing banks and industry. The Bolsheviks split from the Menshevik faction and came to power during the October Revolution. Leon Trotsky was a leader within the Bolsheviks and founded the Red Army, but later opposed Stalin's rise to power and was assassinated in exile.
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This visual resume belongs to Elizabeth Denney and provides information about herself through images and short statements. She identifies herself as a hard worker, people person, and believer in the future. Her only work experience so far is volunteering at a summer camp last year. She enjoys outdoor activities like paddle boarding, is from Bakersfield, is involved in her community and church, loves gardening, and values her friends.
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The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries (1).pdf
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The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries
The Rise of Christian Persecution In Islamic Countries
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Cold war leaders
- 1. ERS OF TH EL EAD LD W AR THE CO By Elizab eth Denney
- 2. NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV First secretary of the communist party for the Soviet Union in 1953-1954 He joined the Bolsheviks as a minor in 1918. He became the first secretary after Stalin Died. He started the missile crises and John F. Kennedy talked him down from it.
- 3. FIDEL CASTRO • Born in Cuba, 1926. • He ran the cuban Peoples party and he started the cuban revolution • He was prime minister of Cuba in 1959. • The Us. supported him at first till they found out that he supported communism. • Cuba helped the USSR.
- 4. MAO ZEDONG •1893-1976 •A ruler in China •He established •In 1869 chairman of the Ninth Communist Party Congress. •He launched the “Great Leap Forward”....
- 5. MIKHAIL GORBACHEV • 1931- • 1991 President when Soviet Union disintegrates. • Leader of Stavropol Communist Party • Resined from office in 1995.
Editor's Notes
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