Comparison of 500Hz Tonebursts and 500Hz octave Chirps for Cervical vestibula...HassanMoinudeen
Abstract- The Cervical-Vestibular evoked Myogenic potential(cVEMP) is a biphasic surface potential recorded from the belly of Sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) followed by presenting a short loud sound. Various studies have been done with different stimulus to obtain better VEMP responses. The present study is aimed at comparing the c-VEMP responses (amplitude and latencies) of 500 Hz tone burst with 500Hz octave chirp (360720Hz). c-VEMP was administered on 60 ears from 30 subjects. After preparation, responses were recorded presenting 500Hz Tone bursts and 500Hz octave chirps. P1-N1 amplitude, P1 and N1 latencies for both stimuli were noted. The chirp was observed to produce significantly larger amplitude and early latencies than tone burst (p<0.01). This study was in search of a stimulus that will produce larger and better response to be used in clinics , Chirp qualifies to be one. Further studies on larger sample size and age groups are required to make generalizations.
ECochG is a variant of brainstem audio evoked response (ABR) where the recording electrode is placed as close as practical to the cochlea. We will use the abbreviation ECOG and ECochG interchangeably below. ECOG is preferable to us as it is shorter.
ECOG is intended to diagnose Meniere's disease, and particular, hydrops (swelling of the inner ear). ECOG may also be abnormal in perilymph fistula, and in superior canal dehiscence. The common feature connecting these illnesses is an imbalance in pressure between the endolymphatic and perilymphatic compartment of the inner ear.
ECOG can also be used to show that the cochlea is normal, in persons who are deaf. The cochlear microphonic of ECOG may be normal in auditory neuropathy (Santarelli and Arslan 2002) as well as other disorders in which the cochlea is preserved but the auditory nerve is damaged (Yokoyama, Nishida et al. 1999).
Finally, ECOG's have also been used to as a indicator of the temporary threshold shift that may follow noise injury (Nam et al, 2004).
How long is a piece of time? - Phenomenal time and quantum coherence - towards a solution.
publication date2006 publication descriptionConference Proceedings - "Toward a Science of Consciousness 2006" Conference, Tuscon, AZ, USA
publication description
The reconciliation of our physical models of 'time 'or 'space/time' with the human experience may be traced Leibnitz, through, Emmanuel Kant, and reached a dramatic climax in a very public argument between Albert Einstein and Henri Bergson in 1922; two of the most famous people of their day.
Henri Bergson's philosophical analysis of phenomenal time, he argued,
demonstrated that Einstein's vision of the structure of space/time consequent upon relativity (sometimes referred to as the block model) could not be correct.
At the time, Einstein was judged to have won the argument, however, subsequent thinkers have argued that Einstein never really addressed the issue. In this respect, his two famous remarks, in response to Bergson's argument are telling:
"The Time of the philosophers is dead"
and " a stubbornly persistent illusion"
The matter has never been resolved and every or so the argument resurfaces in the form an article or book.
The Tucson conference paper presented an original thought experiment that demonstrated clearly that there was a seeming intractable problem. However,
presented at Tucson was a potential solution to the problem, that demonstrated that both Bergson's phenomenal time and Einsteins space/ time could be reconciled, but only if the neutral correlate of consciousness is a quantum coherent state.
Conference paper - PowerPoint presentation can be found on ResearchGate
Audio recording of talk available from University of Arizona, Tucson, Az
Christopher James Davia
Addition explanatory analysis may be found on ResearchGate:-
Time, Mind and Quantum Coherence: Physics, Psychophysics and Metaphysics June 2014 - Christopher James Davia
Vimal, R. L. P., & Davia, C. J. (2008). How Long is a Piece of Time? - Phenomenal Time and Quantum Coherence -
Toward a Solution. Quantum Biosystems, 2, 102-151, available at http://www.quantumbionet.org/admin/files/QBS2%20102-20151.pdf.
Driving Slow-Oscillations (1 Hz) in rats with optical readout via two-photon microscopy.
Alternative download link: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6757026/slideShare/neuromodFUS_v2016.pdf
Comparison of 500Hz Tonebursts and 500Hz octave Chirps for Cervical vestibula...HassanMoinudeen
Abstract- The Cervical-Vestibular evoked Myogenic potential(cVEMP) is a biphasic surface potential recorded from the belly of Sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) followed by presenting a short loud sound. Various studies have been done with different stimulus to obtain better VEMP responses. The present study is aimed at comparing the c-VEMP responses (amplitude and latencies) of 500 Hz tone burst with 500Hz octave chirp (360720Hz). c-VEMP was administered on 60 ears from 30 subjects. After preparation, responses were recorded presenting 500Hz Tone bursts and 500Hz octave chirps. P1-N1 amplitude, P1 and N1 latencies for both stimuli were noted. The chirp was observed to produce significantly larger amplitude and early latencies than tone burst (p<0.01). This study was in search of a stimulus that will produce larger and better response to be used in clinics , Chirp qualifies to be one. Further studies on larger sample size and age groups are required to make generalizations.
ECochG is a variant of brainstem audio evoked response (ABR) where the recording electrode is placed as close as practical to the cochlea. We will use the abbreviation ECOG and ECochG interchangeably below. ECOG is preferable to us as it is shorter.
ECOG is intended to diagnose Meniere's disease, and particular, hydrops (swelling of the inner ear). ECOG may also be abnormal in perilymph fistula, and in superior canal dehiscence. The common feature connecting these illnesses is an imbalance in pressure between the endolymphatic and perilymphatic compartment of the inner ear.
ECOG can also be used to show that the cochlea is normal, in persons who are deaf. The cochlear microphonic of ECOG may be normal in auditory neuropathy (Santarelli and Arslan 2002) as well as other disorders in which the cochlea is preserved but the auditory nerve is damaged (Yokoyama, Nishida et al. 1999).
Finally, ECOG's have also been used to as a indicator of the temporary threshold shift that may follow noise injury (Nam et al, 2004).
How long is a piece of time? - Phenomenal time and quantum coherence - towards a solution.
publication date2006 publication descriptionConference Proceedings - "Toward a Science of Consciousness 2006" Conference, Tuscon, AZ, USA
publication description
The reconciliation of our physical models of 'time 'or 'space/time' with the human experience may be traced Leibnitz, through, Emmanuel Kant, and reached a dramatic climax in a very public argument between Albert Einstein and Henri Bergson in 1922; two of the most famous people of their day.
Henri Bergson's philosophical analysis of phenomenal time, he argued,
demonstrated that Einstein's vision of the structure of space/time consequent upon relativity (sometimes referred to as the block model) could not be correct.
At the time, Einstein was judged to have won the argument, however, subsequent thinkers have argued that Einstein never really addressed the issue. In this respect, his two famous remarks, in response to Bergson's argument are telling:
"The Time of the philosophers is dead"
and " a stubbornly persistent illusion"
The matter has never been resolved and every or so the argument resurfaces in the form an article or book.
The Tucson conference paper presented an original thought experiment that demonstrated clearly that there was a seeming intractable problem. However,
presented at Tucson was a potential solution to the problem, that demonstrated that both Bergson's phenomenal time and Einsteins space/ time could be reconciled, but only if the neutral correlate of consciousness is a quantum coherent state.
Conference paper - PowerPoint presentation can be found on ResearchGate
Audio recording of talk available from University of Arizona, Tucson, Az
Christopher James Davia
Addition explanatory analysis may be found on ResearchGate:-
Time, Mind and Quantum Coherence: Physics, Psychophysics and Metaphysics June 2014 - Christopher James Davia
Vimal, R. L. P., & Davia, C. J. (2008). How Long is a Piece of Time? - Phenomenal Time and Quantum Coherence -
Toward a Solution. Quantum Biosystems, 2, 102-151, available at http://www.quantumbionet.org/admin/files/QBS2%20102-20151.pdf.
Driving Slow-Oscillations (1 Hz) in rats with optical readout via two-photon microscopy.
Alternative download link: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/6757026/slideShare/neuromodFUS_v2016.pdf
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Coincidence analysis of the effect of cochlear disparities on temporal responses to pure tones
1. Coincidence analysis of the effect of cochlear
disparities on temporal responses to pure tones
Philip X. Joris & Shotaro Karino
Lab. of Auditory Neurophysiology
Univ. of Leuven, Belgium
1. Single pair example 3. Population overview
Methods
Introduction
The convergence of neurons with different
characteristic frequency (CF) on a
postsynaptic target has been explored in
several models (Bonham and Lewis 1999;
Carney 1990; Carney et al. 2002; Schroeder
1977; Shamma 1989). We refer to such
convergence as monaural or binaural
cochlear disparities.
Cochlear disparities create interesting
properties, particularly at initial stages of the
auditory system where temporal coding of
sound waveforms occurs over a wide range
of frequencies. With current in vivo
techniques, it is difficult to simultaneously
measure pre- and postsynaptic physiological
properties, so that there have been few
empirical tests of the effects of cochlear
disparities. We examine the effect of such
disparities on responses to pure tones, using
a simple coincidence analysis.
• cats, barbiturate anesthesia
• auditory nerve fiber recordings with high
impedance micropipettes (sequential)
• closed, calibrated acoustic system
• spike timing at 1 μs
• stimuli: long duration (1000/1500 ms) pure
tones straddling the response area
• analysis: count coincidences across spike
trains of pairs of nerve fibers, for different
delays (cross correlograms)
TOP Coincidence counts (cross-correlograms) at different frequencies
MIDDLE Rate, Sync (vector strength), their product (SyncRate), and Phase for
individual fibers (blue) and for their coincidences (green)
BOTTOM Addition and superposition of coincidences at different frequencies
Effect of adding a pure time delay (1ms) and pure phase delay (0.2 cycle) on
pattern of coincidences. One fiber is compared with itself.
4. CD-CP relationship from cochlear disparities
2. Illustration of CD and CP
TOP Phase-frequency relationships for different ranges of CFs, pooled across
animals and SPLs. Red and green dots show CFs of each pair.
BOTTOM Same curves, with syncrate superimposed in color. Normalized to
maximum syncrate.
Scale of ordinate and abscissa is identical for all plots.
rate sync
phase syncrate
CF1 = 1207 Hz, SR = 1 spks/s
CF2 = 1466 Hz, SR = 2 spks/s
DCF = 0.28 oct, Cochlear distance = 0.79 mm
Conclusions
5. CD-CP relationship in inferior colliculus
4. Comparison
CD-CP relationship measured with linear regression
(weighted for rate), for 1 animal.
Pairs with maximal difference in CF of 0.1 octave.
CD-CP relationship in 4 animals, unsigned.
Maximal difference in CF was 0.3 octave.
CD-CP analysis for a binaural IC neuron (CF 1.9 kHz).
CD-CP relationship in IC. Color indicates best ITD.
Comparison of CD-CP relationship in IC (+)
with that expected from cochlear disparities (o).
• cochlear disparities create phase-
frequency relationships that contain
both group-delay and phase-delay
components
• phase-frequency relationships are
generally curved with a “bump” near CF
• cochlear disparities create and
inverse CD-CP relationship
• this relationship is reminiscent of that
seen in binaural responses in the IC
(Mc Alpine et al., 1996)
Supported by the Fund for Scientific Research – Flanders
(G.0714.09 and G.0961.11), and Research Fund
K.U.Leuven (OT/05/57 and OT/09/50).
