The document summarizes the history of human settlements and planning in Coimbatore, India from its early beginnings to present day. It describes how the city originated as a small settlement near the Noyyal River and gradually expanded over time under different rulers. The core area was initially planned with a radial form centered around a fort and temple. Later, the British introduced grid planning for new neighborhoods during their rule to improve sanitation following a disease outbreak. Today, Coimbatore continues to be influenced by both traditional radial and modern grid-based planning approaches in its urban development.
The case study is about the india's most well planned city that is Jaipur, Rajasthan. what is the urban sprawl in that city and how it grows that will expained in that.
Sabarmati riverfront case study for development of yamuna riverfront agradeeksha sharma
the
the Sabarmati riverfront ahmedabad is a huge successful project. this presentation is about the case study of that riverfront to take the features similar to the the Yamuna riverfront Agra for urban design development project.
The case study is about the india's most well planned city that is Jaipur, Rajasthan. what is the urban sprawl in that city and how it grows that will expained in that.
Sabarmati riverfront case study for development of yamuna riverfront agradeeksha sharma
the
the Sabarmati riverfront ahmedabad is a huge successful project. this presentation is about the case study of that riverfront to take the features similar to the the Yamuna riverfront Agra for urban design development project.
This presentation covers the Urban Planning stages of Bhubaneswar, one of India's first modern cities along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh. This city, the current capital of the coastal state of Odisha, was planned the German architect and urban planner, Otto Konigsberger, who also happens to be the author of 'Manual of Tropical Housing and Building.'
Sabarmati Riverfront Development ProjectFabiha Rahman
Sabarmati Riverfront:
An urban regeneration and environment improvement initiative
Transforming river from a geographical divider to a focal point for leisure and recreation
Recognized in the list of ‘100 Most Innovative Projects’
The evolution of the settlement followed by the expansion in various rules such as Cheras,Cholas,Pandyas,Mysore Kingdom,Madurai Nayaks and the British and inference
CHANDNI CHOWK REDEVELOPMENT
HUMAN SETTLEMENT AND PLANING
AREA REDEVELPOED
ABOUT CHANDNI CHOWK
A RS 65-CRORE PROJECT
CHANDNI CHOWK SECTION SHOWING SERVICES
PLAN-1
PLAN-2
PLAN-3
PLAN-4
PLANNING PRINCIPLES OF LE CORBUSIER – A CASE STUDY OF CHANDIGARH CITY”Yash Shah
The city has a pre-historic past. The gently sloping plains on which modern Chandigarh exists, was in the ancient past, a wide lake ringed by a marsh. The fossil remains found at the site indicate a large variety of aquatic and amphibian life, which was supported by that environment. About 8000 years ago the area was also known to be a home to the Harappans. Since the medieval through modern era, the area was part of the large and prosperous Punjab Province which was divided into East & West Punjab during partition of the country in 1947. The city was conceived not only to serve as the capital of East Punjab, but also to resettle thousands of refugees who had been uprooted from West Punjab. In March, 1948, the Government of Punjab, in consultation with the Government of India, approved the area of the foothills of the Shivaliks as the site for the new capital. The location of the city site was a part of the erstwhile Ambala district as per the 1892-93 gazetteer of District Ambala. The foundation stone of the city was laid in 1952. Subsequently, at the time of reorganization of the state on 01.11.1966 into Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pardesh, the city assumed the unique distinction of being the capital city of both, Punjab and Haryana while it itself was declared as a Union Territory and under the direct control of the Central Government.
The Union Territory of Chandigarh is located in the foothills of the Shivalik hill ranges in the north, which form a part of the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. It is occupied by Kandi (Bhabhar) in the north east and Sirowal (Tarai) and alluvial plains in the remaining part. The subsurface formation comprises of beds of boulders, pebbles, gravel, sand, silt, clays and some kankar. The area is drained by two seasonal rivulets viz. Sukhna Choe in the east and Patiala-Ki-Rao Choe in the west. The central part forms a surface water divide and has two minor streams.
JAIPUR CITY URBAN DESIGN, ANALYSIS.
REPORT BASED ON THE PAPER:-
Space Formation of Jaipur City, Rajastan, India An
Analysis on City Maps (1925-28) made by Survey of
India
Shuji Funo, Naohiko Yamamoto & Mohan Pant
a ppt presenting abt two different types of housing. these housing are completely contrast in their charaters when compared to its environmental characteristics and requirements.
INTRODUCTION
COORDINATES - 23.22 ON 72.680 E ELEVATION - 265 feet (81 m)*
LOCATED 23 KM NORTH OF AHEMDABAD (FIN CAP. OF GUJARAT)
PLANNED IN 1960S BY, PRAKASH M APTE & H. K. MEWADA,
AFTER PARTITION OF BOMBAY * STATE : AHEMDABAD WAS MADE AS THE CAPTAL OFGUJARAT
AREA TOTAL 177KM2 ELEVATION : 8IM ( 266 FT)
POPULATION (2011)
TOTAL: 206,167 DENSITY : 1,200/KM2
CLIMATE*
TROPICAL WET AND DRY CLIMATE•
SUMMER MAXIMUM - 36 to 42 °C MINIMUM - 19 to 27 C
WINTER MAXIMUM - 29 C MINIMUM - 14°C
MONSOON: THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL IS AROUND 803.4 MM
LANGUAGES
GUJARATI, HINDI, AND ENGLISH• 54% GREEN COVER ON ITS LAND AREA
• THE CITY SITS ON THE BANKS OF THE SABARMATI RIVER, IN NORTH-CENTRALEAST GUJARAT
HISTORY
IN 1960, THE INDIAN STATE OF BOMBAY WAS SPLIT INTO TWO STATES, MAHARASHTRA AND GUJARAT LEAVING GUJARAT WITHOUT A CAPITAL CITY.
AT THE TIME AHMEDABAD WAS SELECTED TO BE THE FIRST CAPITAL OF THE NEWLY CREATED STATE.
• IT WAS LATER PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL CITY BE CONSTRUCTED FOR THE STATE.
• GANDHINAGAR GOT AN IDENTITY OF ITS OWN WHEN THE STATE OF MUMBAI WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE STATES OF GUJARAT AND MAHARASHTRA.
• IN THE BEGINNING, AHMEDABAD - A COMMERCIAL HUB OF GUJARAT WAS CHOSEN AS THE STATE CAPITAL AND IT WAS PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED ALONG THE LINE OF OTHER NEW STATE CAPITALS, PARTICULARLY CHANDIGARH
• THEREFORE TWO WELL-KNOWN INDIAN ARCHITECTS, H.K. MEWADA AND PRAKASH M. APTE (WHO WORKED AS BEGINNER FOR THE CHANDIGARH CITY) DESIGNED THE NEW STATE CAPITAL*
NAMED AFTER MAHATMA GANDHI THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THIS CITY WAS LAID ON 1965 AND IN 1971 THE CAPITAL WAS SHIFTED FROM AHMEDABAD TO GANDHINAGAR
PLANNING
• PLANNED AND IMPLEMENTED BETWEEN 1965-1970
• DETERMINATION TO MAKE GANDHINAGAR A PURELY INDIAN ENTERPRISE, PARTLY BECAUSE GUJARAT WAS THE BIRTHPLACE OF GANDHI.
• TO ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN A SEPARATE IDENTITY FOR THE NEW CITY THE SURROUNDING AREA OF ABOUT 39 VILLAGES WAS BROUGHT UNDER A PERIPHERY CONTROL ACT (AS IN CHANDIGARH)
• THE AREA LATER CONSTITUTED A SEPARATE ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT OF GANDHINAGAR.
• THE CITY WAS PLANNED FOR A POPULATION OF 150,000 BUT CAN ACCOMMODATE DOUBLE THAT POPULATION WITH INCREASE IN THE FLOOR SPACE RATIO FROM 1 TO 2 IN THE AREAS RESERVED FOR PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT.
• THE RIVER BEING THE BORDER ON THE EAST, AND THE INDUSTRIAL AREA TO THE NORTH, THE MOST LOGICAL FUTURE PHYSICAL EXPANSION OF THE CITY WAS ENVISAGED TOWARDS THE NORTH-WEST
This presentation covers the Urban Planning stages of Bhubaneswar, one of India's first modern cities along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh. This city, the current capital of the coastal state of Odisha, was planned the German architect and urban planner, Otto Konigsberger, who also happens to be the author of 'Manual of Tropical Housing and Building.'
Sabarmati Riverfront Development ProjectFabiha Rahman
Sabarmati Riverfront:
An urban regeneration and environment improvement initiative
Transforming river from a geographical divider to a focal point for leisure and recreation
Recognized in the list of ‘100 Most Innovative Projects’
The evolution of the settlement followed by the expansion in various rules such as Cheras,Cholas,Pandyas,Mysore Kingdom,Madurai Nayaks and the British and inference
CHANDNI CHOWK REDEVELOPMENT
HUMAN SETTLEMENT AND PLANING
AREA REDEVELPOED
ABOUT CHANDNI CHOWK
A RS 65-CRORE PROJECT
CHANDNI CHOWK SECTION SHOWING SERVICES
PLAN-1
PLAN-2
PLAN-3
PLAN-4
PLANNING PRINCIPLES OF LE CORBUSIER – A CASE STUDY OF CHANDIGARH CITY”Yash Shah
The city has a pre-historic past. The gently sloping plains on which modern Chandigarh exists, was in the ancient past, a wide lake ringed by a marsh. The fossil remains found at the site indicate a large variety of aquatic and amphibian life, which was supported by that environment. About 8000 years ago the area was also known to be a home to the Harappans. Since the medieval through modern era, the area was part of the large and prosperous Punjab Province which was divided into East & West Punjab during partition of the country in 1947. The city was conceived not only to serve as the capital of East Punjab, but also to resettle thousands of refugees who had been uprooted from West Punjab. In March, 1948, the Government of Punjab, in consultation with the Government of India, approved the area of the foothills of the Shivaliks as the site for the new capital. The location of the city site was a part of the erstwhile Ambala district as per the 1892-93 gazetteer of District Ambala. The foundation stone of the city was laid in 1952. Subsequently, at the time of reorganization of the state on 01.11.1966 into Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pardesh, the city assumed the unique distinction of being the capital city of both, Punjab and Haryana while it itself was declared as a Union Territory and under the direct control of the Central Government.
The Union Territory of Chandigarh is located in the foothills of the Shivalik hill ranges in the north, which form a part of the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. It is occupied by Kandi (Bhabhar) in the north east and Sirowal (Tarai) and alluvial plains in the remaining part. The subsurface formation comprises of beds of boulders, pebbles, gravel, sand, silt, clays and some kankar. The area is drained by two seasonal rivulets viz. Sukhna Choe in the east and Patiala-Ki-Rao Choe in the west. The central part forms a surface water divide and has two minor streams.
JAIPUR CITY URBAN DESIGN, ANALYSIS.
REPORT BASED ON THE PAPER:-
Space Formation of Jaipur City, Rajastan, India An
Analysis on City Maps (1925-28) made by Survey of
India
Shuji Funo, Naohiko Yamamoto & Mohan Pant
a ppt presenting abt two different types of housing. these housing are completely contrast in their charaters when compared to its environmental characteristics and requirements.
INTRODUCTION
COORDINATES - 23.22 ON 72.680 E ELEVATION - 265 feet (81 m)*
LOCATED 23 KM NORTH OF AHEMDABAD (FIN CAP. OF GUJARAT)
PLANNED IN 1960S BY, PRAKASH M APTE & H. K. MEWADA,
AFTER PARTITION OF BOMBAY * STATE : AHEMDABAD WAS MADE AS THE CAPTAL OFGUJARAT
AREA TOTAL 177KM2 ELEVATION : 8IM ( 266 FT)
POPULATION (2011)
TOTAL: 206,167 DENSITY : 1,200/KM2
CLIMATE*
TROPICAL WET AND DRY CLIMATE•
SUMMER MAXIMUM - 36 to 42 °C MINIMUM - 19 to 27 C
WINTER MAXIMUM - 29 C MINIMUM - 14°C
MONSOON: THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL IS AROUND 803.4 MM
LANGUAGES
GUJARATI, HINDI, AND ENGLISH• 54% GREEN COVER ON ITS LAND AREA
• THE CITY SITS ON THE BANKS OF THE SABARMATI RIVER, IN NORTH-CENTRALEAST GUJARAT
HISTORY
IN 1960, THE INDIAN STATE OF BOMBAY WAS SPLIT INTO TWO STATES, MAHARASHTRA AND GUJARAT LEAVING GUJARAT WITHOUT A CAPITAL CITY.
AT THE TIME AHMEDABAD WAS SELECTED TO BE THE FIRST CAPITAL OF THE NEWLY CREATED STATE.
• IT WAS LATER PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL CITY BE CONSTRUCTED FOR THE STATE.
• GANDHINAGAR GOT AN IDENTITY OF ITS OWN WHEN THE STATE OF MUMBAI WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE STATES OF GUJARAT AND MAHARASHTRA.
• IN THE BEGINNING, AHMEDABAD - A COMMERCIAL HUB OF GUJARAT WAS CHOSEN AS THE STATE CAPITAL AND IT WAS PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED ALONG THE LINE OF OTHER NEW STATE CAPITALS, PARTICULARLY CHANDIGARH
• THEREFORE TWO WELL-KNOWN INDIAN ARCHITECTS, H.K. MEWADA AND PRAKASH M. APTE (WHO WORKED AS BEGINNER FOR THE CHANDIGARH CITY) DESIGNED THE NEW STATE CAPITAL*
NAMED AFTER MAHATMA GANDHI THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THIS CITY WAS LAID ON 1965 AND IN 1971 THE CAPITAL WAS SHIFTED FROM AHMEDABAD TO GANDHINAGAR
PLANNING
• PLANNED AND IMPLEMENTED BETWEEN 1965-1970
• DETERMINATION TO MAKE GANDHINAGAR A PURELY INDIAN ENTERPRISE, PARTLY BECAUSE GUJARAT WAS THE BIRTHPLACE OF GANDHI.
• TO ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN A SEPARATE IDENTITY FOR THE NEW CITY THE SURROUNDING AREA OF ABOUT 39 VILLAGES WAS BROUGHT UNDER A PERIPHERY CONTROL ACT (AS IN CHANDIGARH)
• THE AREA LATER CONSTITUTED A SEPARATE ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT OF GANDHINAGAR.
• THE CITY WAS PLANNED FOR A POPULATION OF 150,000 BUT CAN ACCOMMODATE DOUBLE THAT POPULATION WITH INCREASE IN THE FLOOR SPACE RATIO FROM 1 TO 2 IN THE AREAS RESERVED FOR PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT.
• THE RIVER BEING THE BORDER ON THE EAST, AND THE INDUSTRIAL AREA TO THE NORTH, THE MOST LOGICAL FUTURE PHYSICAL EXPANSION OF THE CITY WAS ENVISAGED TOWARDS THE NORTH-WEST
Urban Renewal and conservation of Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu
Heritage background, places of importance, cultural background, land use and activities with respect to heritage conservation
Settlement pattern of town (Varanasi) brief history of city evolve , settlement of institution and residents, concepts of the main ghats , master plan of Varanasi
Town Planning depicted in Kautilya Arthashatra.pptxVirag Sontakke
This Presentation is prepared for Graduate Students. A presentation consisting of basic information regarding the topic. Students are advised to get more information from recommended books and articles. This presentation is only for students and purely for academic purposes. The pictures/Maps included in the presentation are taken/copied from the internet. The presenter is thankful to them and herewith courtesy is given to all. This presentation is only for academic purposes.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
3. CONTENTS
• Introduction-Image and Form of the City
• Geographical Factors
• Initial Settlement and Planning
• Rajasekara Peruvazhi-The trade route
• Planning of a bigger settlement
• Management of water resources
• Settlement planning in various rules
• Study on various Neighborhoods
• Inference-The future
4.
5.
6. Generally Radial planning refers to the method of organizing the areas in a
City by arranging them around a central point.
•The city was planned with a radial form with the core at the centre.
•The core comprised of the Fort, Koniamman temple, residential and commercial
complexes in it.
•The city has seen its growth and evolution of neighborhoods towards the
eastern,north-eastern and south-eastern sides mostly.
•The commercial hubs such as Ukkadam,Gandhipuram are located straight after
the core.
•Whereas the residential hubs such as Kottaimedu,Selvapuram,Ramnagar,
Ganapathy evolved right after those commercial hubs.
RADIAL FORM OF THE CITY
7. GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES
The Western Ghats is located to the western part of the settlement and
is rich in flora and fauna. The Palghat Pass is present near Coimbatore
in the western Ghats. It bring about connectivity between the western
coast and eastern coast connecting Kochi and Arikamedu. The Palghat
Pass helps in maintaining the pleasant climate of Coimbatore. The
Noyyal River helped in agriculture in the settlement.
9. INITIAL SETTLEMENT AND PLANNING
The settlement was named after a local chieftain “Kovan” and was
named as “Kovan Puthur” or “Kovan Pathi”. The settlement was a part
of the Perur Nadu, one of the princely state in the Kongunadu region.
The settlement was formed near the northern banks of River Noyyal.
The settlement had “Koniamma” as the guardian goddess of the
settlement. The settlement was formed as a cluster with the house
of the chieftain in the centre. The temple was located at the southern
end of the settlement near the banks of river Noyyal.
10. RAJASEKARA PERUVAZHI-THE TRADE ROUTE
The principal trade between Kochi and Arikamedu was important in
the growth of Coimbatore as a settlement. The trade route passed
through Thrissur, Palakad, Vellalore, Perur, Coimbatore, Dharapuram,
Karur and eventually reached Arikamedu. Many Roman coins are found
in the trade route. This had been catalyst for the small settlement to
evolve as an important town also brought an geographical importance
to the settlement.
11. PLANNING OF A BIGGER SETTLEMENT
Around 4th century AD, Cheran Perumal planned to clear the forest
and had a plan for building a larger settlement. A fort was built about
1.5 kms away from the northern bank of River Noyyal. The settlement
was planned in a cluster with less green cover. The Koniamman temple
was built inside the fort to act as the guardian goddess of the fort and
the settlement with houses of traders,farmers,artists etc..
12. MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
The Noyyal River which was known as “Kanchi Maanadhi” is the most important
aspect of the settlement of Kovan Puthur. Noyyal River originates from the Vellingiri
hills in the Western Ghats and passes for about 200 kms to merge with Kaveri river
in a village called Noyyal near Karur. Karikala Chola planned the management of
water in the Noyyal River in the form of Check-dams,Lakes etc. The “Chithirai
Saavadi” check dam is the first check dam in the Noyyal river basin. Then the water
passes through Perur Lake and travels through the “Raja Vaikaal” and reaches Selva
Sinthamani Lake, Kurichi Lake, Ukkadam Lake and Valankulam Lake. Then the river
water serves the Singanallur Lake and Vellalore Lake. In case of excess water in the
river, it might pass through Puliakulam Lake and Ammankulam Lake. Then finally the
water passes through the Sulur Lake and then flows towards north-east to reach the
settlements of Mangalam, Tirupur etc.
13. MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
NOYYAL RIVER
CHITHIRAI SAVADI
CHECK DAM
PERUR LAKE
SELVASINTHAMANI
LAKE
UKKADAM LAKE KURICHI LAKE
VALANKULAM
LAKE
SINGANALLUR
LAKE
PULIAKULAM
AMMANKULAM
MUTHANNAN
KULAM
VELLALORE
LAKE
SULUR
LAKE RASIPALAYAM
LAKE
PEEDAMPALLI
LAKE
RAVATHOOR
LAKE
Merges with Kaveri river
At Noyyal village
14. EVOLUTION OF A LARGER SETTLEMENT
AND A PROMINENT TOWN
KONGU CHOLA RULE
A moat was built for the protection of the fort along with the
expansion of the fort. The moat is now known as “Valankulam”. The
streets were planned in grid pattern along with houses planned
according to the occupation of the residents.
PANDYA RULE
The settlement was conquered by the Pandyas under the leadership of
Sundara Pandiyan. Then the settlement had the grid planning coming
into existence. The settlement of “Suralur” known now as “Sulur” was
named as “Sundara Pandiya Nallur” which is located about 18 kms
from the city with grid pattern.
15. EVOLUTION OF A LARGER SETTLEMENT
AND A PROMINENT TOWN
RULE OF VIJAYANAGARA EMPIRE
The settlement of Kovan Puthur had an excess in population with the
settling of people from the Vijayanagara Kingdom. Till now quite a
good number of Telugu population is still now present in the region.
Then new neighborhoods such as
- Perianaicken Palayam
-Telugu Palayam
- Pappanaicken Palayam
- Peelamedu got evolved.
16. EVOLUTION OF A LARGER SETTLEMENT
AND A PROMINENT TOWN
RULE OF MADURAI NAYAKS,SULTANATE AND MYSORE KINGDOM
The settlement came under the rule of Madurai Nayaks, Sultanate and
finally the Mysore Kingdom. In the rule of Mysore Kingdom, a general
was appointed to govern the Perur Nadu with “Kovan Puthur” as its
capital. Then the streets in the city got its final shape with the
construction of Palace for Mathey Raja, the governor of Mysore
Kingdom and the street in which the palace was located was named as
“Raja Street”. Then “Theppakulam” was built near the palace which
was near the temple which had the goddess worshipped by the ruler
and his troops.The grid planning was involved.
18. EVOLUTION OF A LARGER SETTLEMENT
AND A PROMINENT TOWN
RULE OF HYDER ALI,TIPU SULTAN AND THE BRITISH
The fort was demolished by Tipu Sultan after the loss in the Third
Carnatic War. The land was given to his troops and families and then
the settlement of “Kottai Medu” got evolved. It is one of the closely
packed clusters in the city. The neighborhoods such as
- Ram Nagar
- RS Puram
- Tatabad
- Race Course
- Saibaba Colony
was planned during the rule of British. These settlements were planned
in grid pattern and were planned with proper setbacks, drinking water
etc. right after the effect of Rat-bite fever disease in Coimbatore.
19. DETAILED NOTE ON NEIGHBOURHOODS
SINGANALLUR
The settlement was planned by Karikala Chola after his mother “Singarammal” as
“Singanallur”. In the word “Singanallur” – ‘Nallur’ refers to the settlement dedicated to the
temples and were known as “Sadurvedi Mangalams” in the Kongunadu region.The settlement
was planned with Noyyal River to its South and the road to Tiruchirapalli to its north. The road
to Vellalore passes through the settlement and is front of the site which is ‘believed to have
the palace of the mentioned queen who moved here after the calamity in Uraiyur, the capital
of the Cholas. The settlement had Savadi in its centre with the Aravan temple to its south and
the houses to its East along with the Ulagalanda Perumal temple and Agraharam to its South
on the way to Noyyal River.
21. DETAILED NOTE ON NEIGHBOURHOODS
RS PURAM
The rate-bite fever in the early years of the 20th century gave the idea of spacious settlements
to prevent the people from getting stuck in a closely living community. So a settlement was
planned between the Mettupalayam Road and Thadagam Road. It was planned in a grid
pattern with the Diwan Bahadur Road passing through its centre dividing the locality into
western and eastern parts. The settlement had the Siruvani water from the purification plant in
the Siruvani Dam to serve as drinking water foe people. The locality evolved into one of the
commercial and residential hub of the city.
23. DETAILED NOTE ON NEIGHBOURHOODS
RACE COURSE
The British settled in Coimbatore during the colonial rule. Farmlands in between the Trichy
Road and Avinashi Road was bought and a British settlement was planned with an elliptical
shaped road was planned to host horse races and a few horizontal and vertical roads were
planned to have residences of the collector and other high officials with proper setbacks and
spacing between the buildings.
25. CHARACTERISTICS OF BRITISH PLANNING
GRID PLANNING
It is composed of straight streets crossing at right angles to create
Many regular city blocks. This form is typical of cities built after the
Industrial revolution because only then did cities place such importance
on economic activity. A city grid iron plan facilitates the movement of
people and product throughout the city.
RAM NAGAR SAIBABACOLONY TATABAD
26. GRID PLANNING
ADVANTAGES
• High accessibility.
• Minimum disruption of flow.
• Expansion flexibility.
• Excellent psychological orientation.
• Adaptability to level or moderately rolling terrain.
DISADVANTAGES
• Requires flow hierarchies.
• Limited in its adaptability to the terrain.
• Potentially monotonous.
