Cognitive psychology and design, they are two closely related fields. Cognitive bias should be a powerful tool in the designer’s belt. Because we can take advantage of it.
As thinking human beings and team leaders or architects we can benefit from knowing more about how we think, deliberate and decide. Most teams rely on trust, transparency, collaboration, and collective decision-making. “Thinking, Fast and Slow,” by Daniel Kahneman explains two systems that drive how we think. System 1 thinking is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System 2 is slow, deliberate, and logical.
In this presentation you learn how fast and slow thinking affects your reactions, behaviors, and decision-making. You’ll explore how several common development practices (with an emphasis on some agile practices), can amplify and exploit your thinking abilities and where they might lead you astray.
Fast thinking works pretty well in a well-known context. You save time when you don’t have to deliberate over details and nuances in order to make informed decisions. But fast thinking can lead to extremely poor decisions. You might jump to conclusions, be wildly optimistic, or greatly under-assess risks and rewards. You need to exploit both fast and slow thinking and be acutely aware of when fast thinking is tripping you up.
This is a short talk and workshop (30' + 90') to give a first introduction to design thinking. Gives theory foundation, notes a few different approaches, and then dives into one of them.
This presentation was first done at ImpactON / StartupChile evening in 2015.
As thinking human beings and team leaders or architects we can benefit from knowing more about how we think, deliberate and decide. Most teams rely on trust, transparency, collaboration, and collective decision-making. “Thinking, Fast and Slow,” by Daniel Kahneman explains two systems that drive how we think. System 1 thinking is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System 2 is slow, deliberate, and logical.
In this presentation you learn how fast and slow thinking affects your reactions, behaviors, and decision-making. You’ll explore how several common development practices (with an emphasis on some agile practices), can amplify and exploit your thinking abilities and where they might lead you astray.
Fast thinking works pretty well in a well-known context. You save time when you don’t have to deliberate over details and nuances in order to make informed decisions. But fast thinking can lead to extremely poor decisions. You might jump to conclusions, be wildly optimistic, or greatly under-assess risks and rewards. You need to exploit both fast and slow thinking and be acutely aware of when fast thinking is tripping you up.
This is a short talk and workshop (30' + 90') to give a first introduction to design thinking. Gives theory foundation, notes a few different approaches, and then dives into one of them.
This presentation was first done at ImpactON / StartupChile evening in 2015.
Version 2.0 of Emotion Driven Design (an earlier talk)
Are we getting the intended emotional response we set out to achieve? In this seminar, we explore the powerful effects of emotion-driven design on human behavior.
Our decisions are based off of 10% logic and 90% emotion. Reversal Theory helps us understand how we constantly change from being «goal focused» to «explorative» and how we need to design for both of these states of mind.
Through methods and examples, we gain a greater understanding for how we create engaging experiences and long term commitments by focusing on emotional design.
Return on Design: The business value of design for servicesCsilla Narai
Service design is at the forefront of innovation and customer-centered business value generation. This deck explains how we, service designers approach problems, what tools we use and what exactly you, as a decision maker gain from working with us.
Presented at CodeMash 2015. By Joseph Ours
Joseph's presentation is based on the book "Thinking Fast and Slow" where Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman introduces two mental systems, one that is fast and the other slow. Together they shape our impressions of the world around us and help us make choices. System 1 is largely unconscious and makes snap judgments based upon memories of similar events and our emotions. System 2 is painfully slow, and is the process by which we consciously check the facts and think carefully and rationally. System 2 is easily distracted. System 1 is wrong quite often. Real-world examples that demonstrate how the two systems work are that pro golfers will more accurately putt for par than they do for birdie regardless of distance and people will buy more cans of soup when there is a sign on the display that says “limit 12 per customer."
Using IBM Design Thinking in Everyday Job 2017Samir Dash
IBM Design Thinking is a framework and an approach to applying design thinking at the speed and scale the modern enterprise demands.
This quick guide is has a the list of all tools and methodologies that are required to carry out a successful IBM Design Thinking session.
Where does the creative thought come from? Is it magic? Is the creative skill a genetic gift for only a few? We all are creative, it is our ability of expressing your creativity that may vary.
Creativity needs a method and the right conditions. Just create the right condition and remove the ugly limits that prevent us from being as creative as we can be.
I'll cover also the design topic of the difference between empty and negative space still from a creative point of view.
Building compelling business cases for Design SystemsLaura Van Doore
This talk was originally presented at Web Directions Summit 2018 in sunny Sydney.
Design Systems have reached peak popularity. It’s no secret that the topic of Design Systems have been an outrageously popular topic over the past few years. Every design team has either built one, is building one, or wants to build one. But it’s not designers who we have to convince when it comes to investing in the build of a design system. Especially if we aren’t lucky enough to be in an organisation where design has a ‘seat at the table’. How can we sell the benefits of a design system with more focus on appealing to upper management, who may not see the same benefits we do?
This talk is aimed primarily at designers, but may also interest product managers, front end developers & other roles core to a product team. It will be of most benefit to those who are either looking to introduce a design system into their organisation, or to bolster their case to increase the business investment in an existing design system. The aim of the session is to equip the audience with the right tools & mindset to effectively sell a design system project to higher levels of business function within their organisation.
Building a UX Process at Salesforce that Promotes Focus and Creativityuxpin
You'll learn:
- How Salesforce designed a large-scale UX process across teams
- Why certain design activities were chosen over others
- How to preserve design quality at scale
Cognitive Biases and Effects You Should Know AboutKevlin Henney
Presented at NDC 2011 in Oslo (8th June 2011)
Video available at http://www.everytalk.tv/talks/678-NDC-Cognitive-Biases-and-Effects-You-Should-Know-About
In software development, developers, architects and managers often like to think of themselves as rational and clear thinking, not prone to the chaotic and contradictory thinking they see at home, in politics or in the world of business. Although it is possible to get further from the truth than this, it is not likely.
Those involved in software development are just as human as people in other walks of life, and are just as subject to the cognitive biases and effects that skew, truncate and bypass clear thinking. The effects on rationality affect everything from testing to estimation, from programming to project delivery. It is easier to see and react to these effects in yourself and others when you know what some of them are.
PDF, audio, and voiceover are now available on designintechreport.wordpress.com
Today’s most beloved technology products and services balance design and engineering in a way that perfectly blends form and function. Businesses started by designers have created billions of dollars of value, are raising billions in capital, and VC firms increasingly see the importance of design. The third annual Design in Tech Report examines how design trends are revolutionizing the entrepreneurial and corporate ecosystems in tech. This report covers related M&A activity, new patterns in creativity × business, and the rise of computational design.
From 6 to 126 in 4 Years: The Story Behind Atlassian Designuxpin
You'll learn:
- How to lead design teams through periods of rapid growth
- How to change design processes, build design culture, and scale teams over time
- How to engage engineering and product teams to create a customer-focused organization
Version 2.0 of Emotion Driven Design (an earlier talk)
Are we getting the intended emotional response we set out to achieve? In this seminar, we explore the powerful effects of emotion-driven design on human behavior.
Our decisions are based off of 10% logic and 90% emotion. Reversal Theory helps us understand how we constantly change from being «goal focused» to «explorative» and how we need to design for both of these states of mind.
Through methods and examples, we gain a greater understanding for how we create engaging experiences and long term commitments by focusing on emotional design.
Return on Design: The business value of design for servicesCsilla Narai
Service design is at the forefront of innovation and customer-centered business value generation. This deck explains how we, service designers approach problems, what tools we use and what exactly you, as a decision maker gain from working with us.
Presented at CodeMash 2015. By Joseph Ours
Joseph's presentation is based on the book "Thinking Fast and Slow" where Nobel Prize winner Daniel Kahneman introduces two mental systems, one that is fast and the other slow. Together they shape our impressions of the world around us and help us make choices. System 1 is largely unconscious and makes snap judgments based upon memories of similar events and our emotions. System 2 is painfully slow, and is the process by which we consciously check the facts and think carefully and rationally. System 2 is easily distracted. System 1 is wrong quite often. Real-world examples that demonstrate how the two systems work are that pro golfers will more accurately putt for par than they do for birdie regardless of distance and people will buy more cans of soup when there is a sign on the display that says “limit 12 per customer."
Using IBM Design Thinking in Everyday Job 2017Samir Dash
IBM Design Thinking is a framework and an approach to applying design thinking at the speed and scale the modern enterprise demands.
This quick guide is has a the list of all tools and methodologies that are required to carry out a successful IBM Design Thinking session.
Where does the creative thought come from? Is it magic? Is the creative skill a genetic gift for only a few? We all are creative, it is our ability of expressing your creativity that may vary.
Creativity needs a method and the right conditions. Just create the right condition and remove the ugly limits that prevent us from being as creative as we can be.
I'll cover also the design topic of the difference between empty and negative space still from a creative point of view.
Building compelling business cases for Design SystemsLaura Van Doore
This talk was originally presented at Web Directions Summit 2018 in sunny Sydney.
Design Systems have reached peak popularity. It’s no secret that the topic of Design Systems have been an outrageously popular topic over the past few years. Every design team has either built one, is building one, or wants to build one. But it’s not designers who we have to convince when it comes to investing in the build of a design system. Especially if we aren’t lucky enough to be in an organisation where design has a ‘seat at the table’. How can we sell the benefits of a design system with more focus on appealing to upper management, who may not see the same benefits we do?
This talk is aimed primarily at designers, but may also interest product managers, front end developers & other roles core to a product team. It will be of most benefit to those who are either looking to introduce a design system into their organisation, or to bolster their case to increase the business investment in an existing design system. The aim of the session is to equip the audience with the right tools & mindset to effectively sell a design system project to higher levels of business function within their organisation.
Building a UX Process at Salesforce that Promotes Focus and Creativityuxpin
You'll learn:
- How Salesforce designed a large-scale UX process across teams
- Why certain design activities were chosen over others
- How to preserve design quality at scale
Cognitive Biases and Effects You Should Know AboutKevlin Henney
Presented at NDC 2011 in Oslo (8th June 2011)
Video available at http://www.everytalk.tv/talks/678-NDC-Cognitive-Biases-and-Effects-You-Should-Know-About
In software development, developers, architects and managers often like to think of themselves as rational and clear thinking, not prone to the chaotic and contradictory thinking they see at home, in politics or in the world of business. Although it is possible to get further from the truth than this, it is not likely.
Those involved in software development are just as human as people in other walks of life, and are just as subject to the cognitive biases and effects that skew, truncate and bypass clear thinking. The effects on rationality affect everything from testing to estimation, from programming to project delivery. It is easier to see and react to these effects in yourself and others when you know what some of them are.
PDF, audio, and voiceover are now available on designintechreport.wordpress.com
Today’s most beloved technology products and services balance design and engineering in a way that perfectly blends form and function. Businesses started by designers have created billions of dollars of value, are raising billions in capital, and VC firms increasingly see the importance of design. The third annual Design in Tech Report examines how design trends are revolutionizing the entrepreneurial and corporate ecosystems in tech. This report covers related M&A activity, new patterns in creativity × business, and the rise of computational design.
From 6 to 126 in 4 Years: The Story Behind Atlassian Designuxpin
You'll learn:
- How to lead design teams through periods of rapid growth
- How to change design processes, build design culture, and scale teams over time
- How to engage engineering and product teams to create a customer-focused organization
As humans, designers exhibit errors in thinking that leads to faulty decision-making. It is important to acknowledge biases and create intuitive experiences for the users.
Here our UX designer Jayashree says " Don't believe everything you think."
Behavioral Economics as a Lens for Interaction designPaul Sas
Interaction designers craft experiences by curating the flow of information within contexts that aim to focus attention and interest. Subtle psychological details can dramatically transform an experience. Experimental results from behavioral economics spotlight opportunities for improving the dynamics of an interaction: The presentation frame can harness intrinsically motivating cues, drive engagement, and enable people to develop behavioral patterns that harmonize with their deepest aspirations.
http://www.baychi.org/calendar/20120214/
Bias Driven Development - Mario Fusco - Codemotion Milan 2016Codemotion
Software development is heavily influenced by many of the most common cognitive biases: technical choices are made following hypes (pro-innovation bias) or gurus (bandwagon bias); we create homemade tools instead of using de-facto standards (not-invented-here syndrome) and fix bugs without a full understanding of the problems (placebo bias) or even we pretend that there isn't any problem at all (ostrich bias). The first step to bring software development closer to an engineering discipline is recognizing this biases and admitting that we all suffer of them.
The Bright Future of Market Research Smartees WorkshopInSites on Stage
This is the full slidedeck of our Smartees Workshop on 'the Bright Future of Market Research' (11 February, 2014). The main focus is on how both traditional quantitative and qualitative research can be better, fresher and more contemporary by approaching participants and internal stakeholders differently.
From an organisational perspective, feedback is the information shared with
individuals or a team about their performance or behaviour over a period of
time. This information can then be used by them to make necessary changes so
that they achieve a specific result in the future.
From an organisational perspective, feedback is the information shared with
individuals or a team about their performance or behaviour over a period of
time. This information can then be used by them to make necessary changes so
that they achieve a specific result in the future. https://upraise.io/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/The-need-for-good-feedback.pdf
From this article Kahneman, D., Lovallo, D., & Sibony, O. (2011.docxbudbarber38650
From this article:
Kahneman, D., Lovallo, D., & Sibony, O. (2011a). Before you make that big decision. Harvard Business Review, 89(6).
This is the article in reference:
Dangerous biases can creep into every strategic choice. Here's how to find them--before they lead you astray
THANKS TO a slew of popular new books, many executives today realize how biases can distort reasoning in business. Confirmation bias, for instance, leads people to ignore evidence that contradicts their preconceived notions. Anchoring causes them to weigh one piece of information too heavily in making decisions; loss aversion makes them too cautious. In our experience, however, awareness of the effects of biases has done little to improve the quality of business decisions at either the individual or the organizational level.
Though there may now be far more talk of biases among managers, talk alone will not eliminate them. But it is possible to take steps to counteract them. A recent McKinsey study of more than 1,000 major business investments showed that when organizations worked at reducing the effect of bias in their decision-making processes, they achieved returns up to seven percentage points higher. (For more on this study, see "The Case for Behavioral Strategy," McKinsey Quarterly, March 2010.) Reducing bias makes a difference. In this article, we will describe a straightforward way to detect bias and minimize its effects in the most common kind of decision that executives make: reviewing a recommendation from someone else and determining whether to accept it, reject it, or pass it on to the next level.
For most executives, these reviews seem simple enough. First, they need to quickly grasp the relevant facts (getting them from people who know more about the details than they do). Second, they need to figure out if the people making the recommendation are intentionally clouding the facts in some way. And finally, they need to apply their own experience, knowledge, and reasoning to decide whether the recommendation is right.
However, this process is fraught at every stage with the potential for distortions in judgment that result from cognitive biases. Executives can't do much about their own biases, as we shall see. But given the proper tools, they can recognize and neutralize those of their teams. Over time, by using these tools, they will build decision processes that reduce the effect of biases in their organizations. And in doing so, they'll help upgrade the quality of decisions their organizations make.
The Challenge of Avoiding Bias
Let's delve first into the question of why people are incapable of recognizing their own biases.
According to cognitive scientists, there are two modes of thinking, intuitive and reflective. (In recent decades a lot of psychological research has focused on distinctions between them. Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein popularized it in their book, Nudge.) In intuitive, or System One, thinking, impressions, associations, feeling.
Website design--pre-testing Neuromarketing - agence de publciité Montréalb-to-one
Website design--PRE-TESTING - USER ENGAGEMENT PRETESTING Neuromarketing - agence de publciité Montréal Montreal Web design - Montreal advertisng - publicité Montréal marketing Montreéal
http://btoone.com
As the struggle to attract and retain employees intensified over the last few years the focus has shifted to the comprehensive benefits offering as a key differentiator for global companies.
This webinar deck will help you:
Gain insights into building your own global benefits strategy.
Find out what you need to consider before putting together a benefits strategy and how to ensure its success.
Learn from our global clients' experience of creating efficient global strategies.
The Lens of Anticipatory Design Under AI-driven ServicesJoana Cerejo
The world is moving quickly towards hyper-personalized Artificial Intelligence-driven services. With today's new technological possibilities, the domain of Human-Computer Interaction is moving from a traditional static convention process to an emergent living ecosystem. Business-to-costumer models have been increasingly shifting towards personalization, customization, prediction, and recommendation, to enhance their users' experiences. This converges into designing anticipatory and automated experiences.
Design After the Rise of AI-Driven ServicesJoana Cerejo
Technology is playing a significant role in shaping the future of design. We are moving fast into a digital era where Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Big Data, the Internet of Things, Blockchain, Spatial Computing, and several other technologies are becoming part of the designers’ lexicon. The designers’ roles are evolving, and the touchpoints they need to consider are growing in complexity. Integrating AI developments with User-centered Design and User Experience Design is becoming a challenging task.
Symbolic interactionism is a sociological theory that develops from practical considerations and alludes to people's particular utilization of dialect to make images and normal implications, for deduction and correspondence with others.
Inovação pelo Design - Introdução ao Design ThinkingJoana Cerejo
Apesar de crescente em popularidade, actualmente, o Design Thinking é ainda observado com algum cepticismo. A difícil análise do seu impacto e a subjectividade da quantificação dos seus benefícios, são as principais causas para este comportamento. Face a esta premissa, esta apresentação pretende abordar esse cepticismo e contribuir para esclarecê-lo, fornecendo esclarecimentos à cerca desta metodologia e em que medidas as empresas podem lucrar por meio de produtos e serviços criativos.
Esta apresentação revê o significado e conceito de produtos e serviços criativos, como também de inovação e design. De forma a chegar a uma análise critica sobre a evolução do conceito de Design, que evolui a partir do produto para o serviço, e por último do processo para a estratégia, o que nos conduziu a novas formas de Design, o Design Thinking.
O potencial dos mecanismos de comunicação cromáticos no âmbito das Indústrias...Joana Cerejo
The creative industries can be understood as those that include mechanisms for providing information in different languages and expression forms, exerting a strong influence on our quotidian. The analysis of chromatic information, as a form of expression and content, was the main subject of this research, because it‟s an element of visual language with significant relevance in the processes of communication and has a great semantic load, contributing significantly to the composition aspects of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic data. From this reflection on the roles played by color as visual sign, linking their importance to the visual arts as a generator of information and support, we conclude that there is a need to create a digital platform based and found on color theory and cultural aspects, which contributes for decisions on the applicability of the resources of visual information.
O potencial dos mecanismos de comunicação cromáticos no âmbito das indús...Joana Cerejo
As indústrias criativas podem ser entendidas como aquelas que abrangem os mecanismos de comunicação da informação nas suas diferentes formas de linguagem e expressão, exercendo assim fortes influências no nosso quotidiano. A análise da informação cromática como forma de expressão e conteúdo configurou-se no objecto de estudo desta pesquisa, por se tratar de um elemento da linguagem visual com importante relevância nos processos de comunicação e por possuir uma grande carga semântica, contribuindo significativamente para a composição dos aspectos sintácticos, semânticos e pragmáticos dos dados. A partir desta reflexão acerca dos papéis assumidos pela cor como signo visual, relacionando a sua importância para as artes visuais como geradora e suporte de informação, concluímos pela necessidade de criação de uma plataforma digital baseada e fundada na teoria da cor e respectivos aspectos culturais, que contribua para decisões de aplicabilidade dos recursos de informações visuais.
The application of design thinking methodology on research practices a mind m...Joana Cerejo
The difficult task of innovation is a key facet of Research & Development institutions. Innovation is also closely related with processes oriented to achieve solutions in design. We propose to research new emerging design methods and provide an overview of design thinking tools that can be applied in an early stage of the R&D research process in order to produce meaningful results. This research presents a set of experimental guidelines and an analysis method for the application of these tools. The establishment of coherent guidelines for the design thinking process is a very complex task, due to its interdisciplinary requirements, that convey many diverse mindsets. The main focus of this study is creating an analysis toolkit that enables non-specialist and specialist users to perform high-quality design production.
ICEM 2012 -The Application of Design Thinking Methodology on Research PracticesJoana Cerejo
The difficult task of innovation is a key facet of Research & Development (R&D) institutions. Innovation is also closely related with processes oriented to achieve solutions in design. By addressing this topic, we propose to research new emerging design methods and provide an overview of design thinking tools that can be applied in an early stage of the R&D research process in order to produce meaningful results. This research presents a set of experimental guidelines and an analysis method for the application of these tools.
The socio economic impact of creative products and services developing the cr...Joana Cerejo
The socio-economic impact of creative products/services: developing the creative industries through design thinking.
Design thinking, although it has been growing in popularity, is still seen with some distrust, given that its impact is difficult to quantify and its benefits are subjective. This paper wants to address that distrust and contribute to clear it by providing some information about what it can do for companies by taking a look at creative products and services. First, we review the meaning of creative products and services, the concept of innovation, introduce design and some of its applications, as well as its economic impact and move to the meaning of design thinking. Second, we discuss the literature review and establish our findings. Finally, we end with our conclusions and contributions.
Unleash Your Inner Demon with the "Let's Summon Demons" T-Shirt. Calling all fans of dark humor and edgy fashion! The "Let's Summon Demons" t-shirt is a unique way to express yourself and turn heads.
https://dribbble.com/shots/24253051-Let-s-Summon-Demons-Shirt
Dive into the innovative world of smart garages with our insightful presentation, "Exploring the Future of Smart Garages." This comprehensive guide covers the latest advancements in garage technology, including automated systems, smart security features, energy efficiency solutions, and seamless integration with smart home ecosystems. Learn how these technologies are transforming traditional garages into high-tech, efficient spaces that enhance convenience, safety, and sustainability.
Ideal for homeowners, tech enthusiasts, and industry professionals, this presentation provides valuable insights into the trends, benefits, and future developments in smart garage technology. Stay ahead of the curve with our expert analysis and practical tips on implementing smart garage solutions.
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI preludeAlan Dix
Invited talk at 'offtheCanvas' IndiaHCI prelude, 29th June 2024.
https://www.alandix.com/academic/talks/offtheCanvas-IndiaHCI2024/
The world is being changed fundamentally by AI and we are constantly faced with newspaper headlines about its harmful effects. However, there is also the potential to both ameliorate theses harms and use the new abilities of AI to transform society for the good. Can you make the difference?
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
You could be a professional graphic designer and still make mistakes. There is always the possibility of human error. On the other hand if you’re not a designer, the chances of making some common graphic design mistakes are even higher. Because you don’t know what you don’t know. That’s where this blog comes in. To make your job easier and help you create better designs, we have put together a list of common graphic design mistakes that you need to avoid.
2. Today’s MENU
1. Define a Cognitive Bias
2. Describe a Design Implication
of the Bias
3. Present a real example of this
design implication at work
3. DESIGN EMOTIONS
USER EXPERIENCE DESIGNERS (UXD)
designs how a user interacts and
responds to a service or product.
THAT RESPONSE IS AN EMOTION.
UXD not only strive to design usable,
functional products but to also generate a
certain emotional effect on their audience.
https://www.toptal.com/designers/product-design/design-for-emotion-to-increase-user-engagement
4. They are two closely related fields.
Cognitive bias should be a powerful
tool in the designer’s belt. Because we
can take advantage of it.
COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY
DESIGN
6. WHAT IS A COGNITIVE BIAS?
They are a series of mental shortcuts, distortions in our
perception that make part of our cognitive activity.
Often Bias are beneficial
but sometimes they can
hurt our designs.
7. IN OTHER WORDS…
Cognitive Biases are the outcome of the
brain’s attempt to simplify
I n f o r m a t i o n P r o c e s s i n g .
9. WHY DESIGNERS SHOULD BE AWARE OF THESE?
t
Cognitive Biases are:
Predi ct abl e
(s ys tem a ti c )
Affect the way users think and feel about a
product or service.
Un co n t ro l l abl e
(i nvo l unta ry)
10. DESIGN
We can apply Cognitive
Biases to IMPROVE or
ENHANCE our Designs.
But also to
MANIPULATE
our Designs.
But just like in the case
of dark patterns, it
may result in some
quick wins, but it has a
negative impact in the
long run.
11. USER EXPERIENCE
By understanding the effects of the most
relevant cognitive biases, we can improve
UX not only by trying to avoid the possible
negative consequences, but also by taking
advantage of them!
https://uxknowledgebase.com/cognitive-bias-part-1-8191decf703a
13. BIAS ON DESIGNERS
Another significant aspect is that we,
designers, also have cognitive biases, so
we need to pay attention to these during
the research and
design process.
Blind Spot Bias
14. BIAS ON DESIGNERS
There are design choices we can make that
help keep harmful cognitive biases in check
(or leverage the for good).
15. 4 PROBLEMS
Biases help us address:
1. Information overload
2. Lack of meaning
3. Need to act fast
4. What should we remember
for later
https://betterhumans.coach.me/cognitive-bias-cheat-
sheet-55a472476b18
16. 4 PROBLEMS
Biases help us address:
1. Information overload
2. Lack of meaning
3. Need to act fast
4. What should we remember
for later
Availability heuristic / Attentional bias /
Illusory truth effect / Mere exposure effect /
Context effect / Cue-dependent forgetting /
Mood-congruent memory bias / Frequency
illusion / Baader-Meinhof Phenomenon /
Empathy gap / Bizarreness effect / Humor
effect / Von Restorff effect / Negativity bias /
Publication bias / Omission bias / Anchoring /
Contrast effect / Focusing effect / Framing
effect / Weber–Fechner law / Distinction bias
/ Confirmation bias / Congruence bias / Post-
purchase rationalization / Choice-supportive
bias / Selective perception / Observer-
expectancy effect / Experimenter’s bias /
Observer effect / Expectation bias / Ostrich
effect / Subjective validation / Continued
influence effect / Semmelweis reflex / Bucket
error / Law of narrative gravity, / Bias blind
spot / Naïve cynicism / Naïve realism
17. 4 PROBLEMS
Biases help us address:
1. Information overload
2. Lack of meaning
3. Need to act fast
4. What should we remember
for later
Confabulation / Clustering illusion / Insensitivity to sample
size / Neglect of probability / Anecdotal fallacy / Illusion of
validity / Masked man fallacy / Recency illusion / Gambler’s
fallacy / Hot-hand fallacy / Illusory correlation / Pareidolia,
Anthropomorphism / Group attribution error / Ultimate
attribution error / Stereotyping / Essentialism / Functional
fixedness / Moral credential effect / Just-world hypothesis /
Argument from fallacy / Authority bias / Automation bias /
Bandwagon effect / Placebo effect / Halo effect / In-group
bias / Out-group homogeneity bias / Cross-race effect /
Cheerleader effect / Well-traveled road effect / Not
invented here / Reactive devaluation / Positivity effect /
Mental accounting / Normalcy bias / Appeal to probability
fallacy / Base rate fallacy / Murphy’s law / Hofstadter’s law
/ Subadditivity effect / Survivorship bias / Zero sum bias /
Denomination effect / Magic number 7+-2 / Swimmer’s body
illusion / Money illusion / Conservatism / Curse of
knowledge / Illusion of transparency / Spotlight effect /
Streetlight effect, / Illusion of external agency / Illusion of
asymmetric insight / Extrinsic incentive error / Hindsight bias
/ Outcome bias / Moral luck / Declinism / Telescoping
effect / Rosy retrospection / Impact bias / Pessimism bias /
Planning fallacy / Time-saving bias / Pro-innovation bias /
Projection bias / Restraint bias / Self-consistency bias
18. 4 PROBLEMS
Biases help us address:
1. Information overload
2. Lack of meaning
3. Need to act fast
4. What should we remember
for later
Overconfidence effect / Egocentric bias / Optimism bias /
Social desirability bias / Third-person effect / Forer effect
/ Barnum effect / Illusion of control / False consensus
effect / Dunning-Kruger effect / Hard-easy effect /
Illusory superiority / Lake Wobegone effect / Self-serving
bias / Actor-observer bias / Fundamental attribution error
/ Defensive attribution hypothesis / Trait ascription bias /
Effort justification / Risk compensation / Peltzman effect
/ Armchair fallacy / Hyperbolic discounting / Appeal to
novelty / Identifiable victim effect / Sunk cost fallacy /
Irrational escalation / Escalation of commitment / Loss
aversion / IKEA effect / Processing difficulty effect /
Generation effect / Zero-risk bias / Disposition effect /
Unit bias / Pseudocertainty effect / Endowment effect /
Backfire effect / System justification / Reactance /
Reverse psychology / Decoy effect / Social comparison
bias / Status quo bias / Abilene paradox / Law of the
instrument / Law of the hammer / Maslow’s hammer /
Golden hammer / Chesterton’s fence / Hippo problem /
Ambiguity bias / Information bias / Belief bias / Rhyme
as reason effect / Bike-shedding effect / Law of Triviality
/ Delmore effect / Conjunction fallacy / Occam’s razor /
Less-is-better effect / Sapir-Whorf-Korzybski hypothesis
19. 4 PROBLEMS
Biases help us address:
1. Information overload
2. Lack of meaning
3. Need to act fast
4. What should we
remember for later
Misattribution of memory / Source
confusion / Cryptomnesia / False memory
/ Suggestibility / Spacing effect / Implicit
associations / Implicit stereotypes /
Stereotypical bias / Prejudice / Fading
affect bias / Peak–end rule / Leveling and
sharpening / Misinformation effect /
Duration neglect / Serial recall effect /
List-length effect / Modality effect /
Memory inhibition / Part-list cueing effect /
Primacy effect / Recency effect / Serial
position effect / Suffix effect / Picture
superiority effect / Levels of processing
effect / Testing effect / Absent-
mindedness / Next-in-line effect / Tip of
the tongue phenomenon / Google effect /
Self-relevance effect
20.
21. There are a few Cognitive Biases
that have successfully been
changing human behavior and
ultimately increase their user
engagement and retention.
22. THE VARIABLE SCHEDULE
OF REWARDS BIAS
This Bias is a schedule of reinforcement where a
response is reinforced after an unpredictable
number of responses. This schedule creates a
steady, high rate of responding.
27. There's a lot of social pressure to keep up a Snapstreak.
28.
29. Design for Evil
Snapstreaks are a good example of what ex-google
design ethicist Tristan Harris calls unethical design.
Unethical designs, according to him, exploit
psychological vulnerabilities to influence what users
do without realizing it.
30. Duolingo, a platform to learn any language for free
has employed a similar persuasion technique as
Snapchat that ensures that users will keep working
on their learning streak, which in turn engages and
retains users.
31. THE CONTRAST EFFECT
Contrast Bias is the tendency to promote or
demote something when comparing it to a
contrasting thing.
32.
33. A Positive Contrast Effect
would occur if something was
perceived as better than it
actually is, because it was
compared to something worse.
A Negative Contrast Effect
would be when something was
perceived as worse than it
actually is, because it was
compared to something better.
34.
35. BARE IN MIND …
Make your product stand out as much as possible.
Using surprise, differentiation, and shock value, you
can make your product more memorable, and
therefore more likely for people to purchase.
36. THE NEGATIVE BIAS
Negative Experiences have a bigger impact on
our cognition than do Positive or Neutral ones.
37. We have a tendency to pay more
attention and give more weight to
negative than positive experiences
or other kinds of information.
38. BARE IN MIND …
Negative design / information will ring more attention than
positive information.
We can utilize this fact in our designs by paying great
attention to what negative feedback is presented to the user.
If we want users to pay attention to positive information, be
careful not to let negative feedback outshine the positive.
39. HOW TO AVOID IT?
• Follow design standards
• Match user’s / costumer’s expectations
• Anticipate user’s / costumer’s concerns and address them
• If a digital product / service, write good error messages
• Sprinkle delightful encounters
• Test
https://www.nngroup.com/articles/negativity-bias-ux/
40. THE IKEA EFFECT
The tendency for people to place a
disproportionately high value on products that
they have partially created or completed it.
41. The effort creates an E M O TI O N A L bond.
When someone uses their own hands to create something, they holder
it in higher esteem, even if it was done poorly.
42.
43. HOW TO USE IT?
• Enable customizations if possible
• Allowing users / customers to complete a task that brings
the product or service to a complete state can trigger this
effect.
• This only works if the results are fruitful otherwise can
convert into Negative Bias by raising the levels of frustrations.
44. HOW TO USE IT?
1. Let your users/customers take part in building and/or
making your product(s) by investing their time and/or
money.
45. HOW TO USE IT?
2. Give your users /
customers the option
to customize your
product(s).
47. BARE IN MIND …
“Emotional design has risks. If emotional
engagement compromises the functionality,
reliability, or usability of an interface, the positive
experience you wanted will mutate into a rant-
inducing disaster for your users.”
Aarron Walter. “Designing for Emotion.”
48. THE BABY FACE BIAS
A tendency to see people and things with baby-
faced features as more naïve, helpless, and
honest than those with mature features.
49. HOW TO USE IT ?
• The use of mascots to create connections with
our audience