Semiotics refers to using visual elements like color and background to subliminally attract target audiences. For example, a pink female magazine or cookbook with a kitchen background. The "Male Gaze" theory suggests that the sexual objectification of women in films helps attract male viewers. Feminism has changed how women are portrayed in media over time, from indirect criticism 50 years ago to respecting female musicians' talent today. Moral panics arise from public anxiety about issues seen as threatening moral standards, like Islamophobia after 9/11 or stigmatizing homosexuals during the AIDS crisis. The media can intensify moral panics by sensationalizing events. Ideology and photography are also used semiotically to