The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes the Japanese imperial family and the role of the emperor. It discusses samurai warriors, their weapons like swords and code of bushido. It mentions geisha and their elaborate kimono costumes. It also describes peasants like a sword maker and koinobori (carp streamer) maker. It discusses Buddhist monks and their triple robe garment. Finally, it provides details on a shishimai costume and samurai swords.
The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes the Japanese imperial family, samurai warriors, geisha entertainers, and various peasant roles including a sword maker, koinobori (carp streamer) maker, monk, and rebel/shishimai dancer. It then provides details on the traditional costumes and clothing associated with each role, including materials, styles, and seasonal variations. The document concludes by describing a traditional samurai sword as a prop.
The Japanese Imperial family can trace its lineage back to the 6th century BC. The Emperor historically held divine status but is now a symbolic role. Samurai were the ruling military class from the 16th-19th centuries known for swordsmanship and living by the bushido code of honor. Geisha are traditional entertainers who host with music, dance, and conversation. Peasants included farmers, artisans like sword makers, and merchants at the bottom of society.
The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes the Japanese imperial family and their role as emperors and empresses. It discusses samurai as the historical warrior class in Japan and their main weapon, the sword. It also describes geisha as female entertainers, and various peasant occupations like a sword maker, koinobori (carp streamer) maker, and monk. It provides details on traditional costumes worn by the emperor, samurai, geisha, and peasants. It concludes with information on samurai swords as a prop.
The samurai were organized as a military force in 8th century Japan after the country looked to China's model. Samurai underwent training not just in combat but also poetry and art. By the 15th century, samurai strictly followed a code of serving their masters and demonstrating lack of fear of death in battle. Some notable samurai included Nobunaga, who fought for Japan's unification in the 16th century, and Saigo Takamori, considered the last samurai for leading a rebellion against modernization in the late 19th century. Samurai armor and their two swords, the katana and wakizashi, reinforced their elite warrior status.
Samurai were members of the military class and elite warriors in feudal Japan. They adhered to a code of honor called Bushido and were highly skilled with weapons like bows, spears, and famously, the curved Japanese sword called a katana. Over time, the importance of samurai declined as Japan transitioned from its feudal era in the late 1800s. Samurai and their bushido code have become popular subjects in Japanese films and those of directors like Akira Kurosawa and Quentin Tarantino.
The document summarizes the life and traditions of samurai in feudal Japan. It describes what a samurai might eat for a New Year's dinner, including jellyfish, pickled apricots, rice, and sake. It then outlines the typical stages in a samurai's life from birth until adulthood, including education and training in martial arts and warrior traditions. The code of honor for samurai was called Bushido, which emphasized bravery, loyalty and putting duty above life.
Japan had a feudal system similar to medieval Europe, with a military dictator shogun holding power instead of the emperor. When Europeans arrived in the 1500s seeking trade, they brought firearms that threatened the samurai warriors' role and bushido code. Missionaries also went against Japanese beliefs, making the shogun fear a religious uprising and foreign invasion. As a result, Japan isolated itself from most Western contacts in 1639 except for a small Dutch trade post, aiming to control foreign influence and preserve Japanese culture and independence. This isolation lasted until 1853 when the U.S. forced Japan to reopen to trade.
The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes the Japanese imperial family, samurai warriors, geisha entertainers, and various peasant roles including a sword maker, koinobori (carp streamer) maker, monk, and rebel/shishimai dancer. It then provides details on the traditional costumes and clothing associated with each role, including materials, styles, and seasonal variations. The document concludes by describing a traditional samurai sword as a prop.
The Japanese Imperial family can trace its lineage back to the 6th century BC. The Emperor historically held divine status but is now a symbolic role. Samurai were the ruling military class from the 16th-19th centuries known for swordsmanship and living by the bushido code of honor. Geisha are traditional entertainers who host with music, dance, and conversation. Peasants included farmers, artisans like sword makers, and merchants at the bottom of society.
The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes the Japanese imperial family and their role as emperors and empresses. It discusses samurai as the historical warrior class in Japan and their main weapon, the sword. It also describes geisha as female entertainers, and various peasant occupations like a sword maker, koinobori (carp streamer) maker, and monk. It provides details on traditional costumes worn by the emperor, samurai, geisha, and peasants. It concludes with information on samurai swords as a prop.
The samurai were organized as a military force in 8th century Japan after the country looked to China's model. Samurai underwent training not just in combat but also poetry and art. By the 15th century, samurai strictly followed a code of serving their masters and demonstrating lack of fear of death in battle. Some notable samurai included Nobunaga, who fought for Japan's unification in the 16th century, and Saigo Takamori, considered the last samurai for leading a rebellion against modernization in the late 19th century. Samurai armor and their two swords, the katana and wakizashi, reinforced their elite warrior status.
Samurai were members of the military class and elite warriors in feudal Japan. They adhered to a code of honor called Bushido and were highly skilled with weapons like bows, spears, and famously, the curved Japanese sword called a katana. Over time, the importance of samurai declined as Japan transitioned from its feudal era in the late 1800s. Samurai and their bushido code have become popular subjects in Japanese films and those of directors like Akira Kurosawa and Quentin Tarantino.
The document summarizes the life and traditions of samurai in feudal Japan. It describes what a samurai might eat for a New Year's dinner, including jellyfish, pickled apricots, rice, and sake. It then outlines the typical stages in a samurai's life from birth until adulthood, including education and training in martial arts and warrior traditions. The code of honor for samurai was called Bushido, which emphasized bravery, loyalty and putting duty above life.
Japan had a feudal system similar to medieval Europe, with a military dictator shogun holding power instead of the emperor. When Europeans arrived in the 1500s seeking trade, they brought firearms that threatened the samurai warriors' role and bushido code. Missionaries also went against Japanese beliefs, making the shogun fear a religious uprising and foreign invasion. As a result, Japan isolated itself from most Western contacts in 1639 except for a small Dutch trade post, aiming to control foreign influence and preserve Japanese culture and independence. This isolation lasted until 1853 when the U.S. forced Japan to reopen to trade.
Kyūjutsu (弓術) ("art of archery") is the traditional Japanese martial art of wielding a bow (yumi) as practiced by the samurai class of feudal Japan. Although the samurai are perhaps best known for their swordsmanship with a katana (kenjutsu), kyūjutsu was actually considered a more vital skill for a significant portion of Japanese history. During the majority of the Kamakura period through the Muromachi period (c.1185–c.1568), the bow was almost exclusively the symbol of the professional warrior, and way of life of the warrior was referred to as "the way of the horse and bow" (弓馬の道, kyūba no michi)
Katana is a single-edged, curved sword traditionally used by Japanese samurai after 1400. It was usually paired with a shorter wakizashi or tanto sword and together they were called the daisho, representing the honor and status of the samurai. The katana was used for open combat while the shorter blades were suited for stabbing or ritual suicide. Though antique katanas can still be found, modern swords are only made by a few hundred smiths in Japan under strict rules.
This three-quarter suit of armor from 1570-80 in Milan, Italy was likely part of a matching set called a garniture for a prince. It has intricately etched and gilded steel pieces that would have been mixed and matched for war, tournaments, or parades. The suit weighs nearly forty-three pounds and has sections designed for mobility and protection corresponding to the body.
Japan transitioned to rule by powerful military governors called shoguns starting in 1180 AD. The shoguns gained power after winning a civil war and were granted authority over military forces by the emperor, though the emperor remained the nominal head of government. Samurai were warriors who served noble families in exchange for land and were bound by a strict honor code. Under the shoguns, Japan experienced constant warfare between powerful lords and a period of centralized rule, while the economy grew as trade, agriculture, and crafts expanded.
The document provides information about fashion trends during the Victorian and Regency eras in both men's and women's clothing. Some key details include:
- Women's Victorian fashion involved elaborate, multi-layered outfits and restrictive corsets. Hairstyles were also complex with hair piled high and decorated. Makeup was minimal and focused on a natural look.
- Men's Victorian fashion included tailored suits, top hats, and facial hair styles like moustaches and beards. Shoes had higher heels.
- Regency women's fashion embraced a more natural silhouette without corsets. Men's fashion focused on well-tailored trousers and linen inspired by Beau Brummell.
- Both er
HDG is a Korean martial art focused on precision sword techniques. Students learn basic stances like the "horse stance" and sword movements by count. Core techniques include drawing the sword, single and combination cuts, and forms like Sang-soo Gumbub. HDG aims to preserve ancient Korean swordsmanship while providing a path of self-improvement. Its name reflects the tradition of swordsmanship in Korea and the image of the sunrise on an upraised blade.
The document provides an overview of katana swords and their history and cultural significance in Japan. It discusses how katanas evolved from earlier straight blades to become curved for strength. It describes the religious rituals and high status of swordsmiths, and some testing methods used on blades, such as cutting bodies. It also notes that while katanas were once symbols of power, today their cultural and historical importance to Japan is recognized through continued research and traditional craftsmanship.
This document summarizes various helmets and armor pieces from different time periods and cultures around the world. It describes the artistic elements and design features of each piece, including geometric shapes, symbols, colors, and balanced symmetry. The purpose and meaning behind each piece is also discussed, such as intimidation tactics, cultural traditions, and representing military ranks or schools.
There are many varieties of koi fish kept as ornamental pets in Japan. Some of the most common varieties include Kohaku, with large red markings on a white body; Taisho Sanshoku and Showa Sanshoku, which are similar to Kohaku but with additional black markings; and Tanchō, identifiable by a solitary red patch on the head. Other varieties include Asagi with blue or red coloring, Utsurimono with zebra-like striping, Goshiki with multiple colors in a pattern, and Ogon which have metallic coloring and scales. Koi varieties can differ in colors, patterns, skin/scale types, and origins.
This document provides research and details for a group project on messages from the past focusing on Tudor Britain from 1485-1603. It includes:
- An assignment brief outlining the objectives and tasks which are to research a timeline, adapt findings into a story and script, and create costumes and props.
- Research on the Tudor monarchs who ruled from 1485-1603, social hierarchy during this period, and men's and women's fashion.
- Sketches and descriptions of typical clothing of the time including doublets, gowns, ruffs, farthingales, and hats.
- Instructions for individual submissions including a character journal and packaging design due with the group
This document provides specifications for several woodworking CNC router models produced by Suzhou Rico Machinery Co., Ltd. Key details include model names and numbers, dimensions, technical parameters, features, and applications. The routers have working areas from 300x400mm to 1300x2500mm, precision rack and pinion drives, DSP control systems, powerful spindles, and are suitable for woodworking, engraving, crafts, and other industries. They can perform tasks like relief carving, have features like break point resuming, and the company offers customization and global sales and support.
El documento presenta el Router CNC de ALFATEC. Brevemente describe algunas características del Router CNC como su capacidad para cortar y grabar diversos materiales con precisión. Finalmente agradece la atención del lector.
The document outlines a group project for a culture and civilization class, where the group must research and perform a historical play about Portugal between 1357-1524. It includes an introduction, objectives, tasks, schedule, and submission requirements for both the group performance and individual journal assignments. Research was done on the historical timeline, characters, costumes, props, and key scenes to include in the short play.
A LEAN VIEW OF CHAINED METAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND CNC MACHINING PROCESSESTheodore Panagiotidis
This document provides a summary of a final report for an MSc major project on a lean view of chained metal additive manufacturing and CNC machining processes. It includes an abstract, introduction, literature review on relevant manufacturing paradigms like CNC, subtractive manufacturing, additive manufacturing and lean manufacturing. It then models the basic structure of a hybrid manufacturing system by decomposing it into nine subsystems. The report investigates how hybrid manufacturing follows lean thinking and how it can be optimized using lean tools. It finds that three out of nine hybrid system subsystems show potential for waste reduction through lean implementation. The document provides a starting point for defining a standard way to describe hybrid system structure and for further research on lean assessment and implementation within
The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes:
1) The Japanese Imperial family lineage dating back to the 6th century BC and the Emperor's ceremonial role.
2) Samurai as the premodern ruling military class whose main weapon was the sword and who followed the bushido code of conduct.
3) Geisha as traditional female entertainers who perform arts and provide conversation, wearing colorful kimonos.
4) Various peasant roles including a sword maker, koinobori (carp streamer) maker, monk, and rebel. Costume details are also provided for each character.
The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes the Japanese imperial family, samurai warriors, geisha, various peasant roles including a koinobori (carp streamer) maker and monk. It then summarizes the traditional costumes and props associated with these roles, such as the sokutai formal court attire, samurai armor, geisha kimono, peasant boro clothing, Buddhist monk robes, and samurai swords.
The document summarizes the history of Japan from the Asuka period to the Tokugawa shogunate period. It discusses how early Japan adopted Chinese culture, the rise of the samurai class, the development of feudalism, and the eventual unification of the country. It then describes the isolationist Tokugawa shogunate that closed Japan off from foreign influence and centralized power.
- Japan is mostly volcanic rock, so most pagodas are made of wood and built to withstand earthquakes and storms, featuring curved roofs. The oldest wooden structure is the Pagoda at Horyuji built in 616 AD.
- Story scrolls illustrated Japanese history in a realistic style and were read from right to left, such as the nearly 23 foot long "Burning of the Sanjo Palace" scroll.
- Japanese sculpture and woodblock prints tend to be highly stylized to fit their surroundings, like temples featuring Buddhas and castles protected by statues of samurai.
The document summarizes the creation myth of Japan according to the Kojiki, in which the male god Izanagi and female god Izanami create the first islands of Japan by stirring the ocean with a spear. They then perform rituals to bear children and give birth to the eight main islands and other gods, but Izanami dies giving birth to the fire god. The document then provides historical overviews of classical, medieval, and modern Japan as well as details on prefectures, languages, religions, arts, festivals, cuisine, sports, clothing, and important events such as the attack on Pearl Harbor and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
During the Yamato Period from 300-710 AD, the Japanese imperial court began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture, including Confucianism, Chinese writing characters, Buddhist sects, art, architecture, and government structure. Prince Shotoku further adopted Chinese cultural influences and created a new government structure through his 17 Article Constitution in 604 AD. The Heian Period from 794-1156 AD saw the growth of large landed estates, flourishing Chinese arts and literature at court, and the development of elaborate court life, literature like The Pillow Book and Tale of Genji, and a gradual move away from Chinese cultural models. The feudal system in Japan was similar to that in Europe, based on loyalty between l
Japanese literature has a long history dating back to the Yamato/Kofun period in the 3rd-8th centuries CE. Major developments include the introduction of Chinese writing, Buddhism, and Confucianism during this time. The Tale of Genji, written by Murasaki Shikibu in the early 11th century, is considered the world's first novel and provides insights into aristocratic Heian period culture and society. Traditional Japanese genres that developed include haiku poetry, Noh drama, and Kabuki theater. Modern Japanese media like anime and films continue to be influenced by traditional literary and artistic forms.
Kyūjutsu (弓術) ("art of archery") is the traditional Japanese martial art of wielding a bow (yumi) as practiced by the samurai class of feudal Japan. Although the samurai are perhaps best known for their swordsmanship with a katana (kenjutsu), kyūjutsu was actually considered a more vital skill for a significant portion of Japanese history. During the majority of the Kamakura period through the Muromachi period (c.1185–c.1568), the bow was almost exclusively the symbol of the professional warrior, and way of life of the warrior was referred to as "the way of the horse and bow" (弓馬の道, kyūba no michi)
Katana is a single-edged, curved sword traditionally used by Japanese samurai after 1400. It was usually paired with a shorter wakizashi or tanto sword and together they were called the daisho, representing the honor and status of the samurai. The katana was used for open combat while the shorter blades were suited for stabbing or ritual suicide. Though antique katanas can still be found, modern swords are only made by a few hundred smiths in Japan under strict rules.
This three-quarter suit of armor from 1570-80 in Milan, Italy was likely part of a matching set called a garniture for a prince. It has intricately etched and gilded steel pieces that would have been mixed and matched for war, tournaments, or parades. The suit weighs nearly forty-three pounds and has sections designed for mobility and protection corresponding to the body.
Japan transitioned to rule by powerful military governors called shoguns starting in 1180 AD. The shoguns gained power after winning a civil war and were granted authority over military forces by the emperor, though the emperor remained the nominal head of government. Samurai were warriors who served noble families in exchange for land and were bound by a strict honor code. Under the shoguns, Japan experienced constant warfare between powerful lords and a period of centralized rule, while the economy grew as trade, agriculture, and crafts expanded.
The document provides information about fashion trends during the Victorian and Regency eras in both men's and women's clothing. Some key details include:
- Women's Victorian fashion involved elaborate, multi-layered outfits and restrictive corsets. Hairstyles were also complex with hair piled high and decorated. Makeup was minimal and focused on a natural look.
- Men's Victorian fashion included tailored suits, top hats, and facial hair styles like moustaches and beards. Shoes had higher heels.
- Regency women's fashion embraced a more natural silhouette without corsets. Men's fashion focused on well-tailored trousers and linen inspired by Beau Brummell.
- Both er
HDG is a Korean martial art focused on precision sword techniques. Students learn basic stances like the "horse stance" and sword movements by count. Core techniques include drawing the sword, single and combination cuts, and forms like Sang-soo Gumbub. HDG aims to preserve ancient Korean swordsmanship while providing a path of self-improvement. Its name reflects the tradition of swordsmanship in Korea and the image of the sunrise on an upraised blade.
The document provides an overview of katana swords and their history and cultural significance in Japan. It discusses how katanas evolved from earlier straight blades to become curved for strength. It describes the religious rituals and high status of swordsmiths, and some testing methods used on blades, such as cutting bodies. It also notes that while katanas were once symbols of power, today their cultural and historical importance to Japan is recognized through continued research and traditional craftsmanship.
This document summarizes various helmets and armor pieces from different time periods and cultures around the world. It describes the artistic elements and design features of each piece, including geometric shapes, symbols, colors, and balanced symmetry. The purpose and meaning behind each piece is also discussed, such as intimidation tactics, cultural traditions, and representing military ranks or schools.
There are many varieties of koi fish kept as ornamental pets in Japan. Some of the most common varieties include Kohaku, with large red markings on a white body; Taisho Sanshoku and Showa Sanshoku, which are similar to Kohaku but with additional black markings; and Tanchō, identifiable by a solitary red patch on the head. Other varieties include Asagi with blue or red coloring, Utsurimono with zebra-like striping, Goshiki with multiple colors in a pattern, and Ogon which have metallic coloring and scales. Koi varieties can differ in colors, patterns, skin/scale types, and origins.
This document provides research and details for a group project on messages from the past focusing on Tudor Britain from 1485-1603. It includes:
- An assignment brief outlining the objectives and tasks which are to research a timeline, adapt findings into a story and script, and create costumes and props.
- Research on the Tudor monarchs who ruled from 1485-1603, social hierarchy during this period, and men's and women's fashion.
- Sketches and descriptions of typical clothing of the time including doublets, gowns, ruffs, farthingales, and hats.
- Instructions for individual submissions including a character journal and packaging design due with the group
This document provides specifications for several woodworking CNC router models produced by Suzhou Rico Machinery Co., Ltd. Key details include model names and numbers, dimensions, technical parameters, features, and applications. The routers have working areas from 300x400mm to 1300x2500mm, precision rack and pinion drives, DSP control systems, powerful spindles, and are suitable for woodworking, engraving, crafts, and other industries. They can perform tasks like relief carving, have features like break point resuming, and the company offers customization and global sales and support.
El documento presenta el Router CNC de ALFATEC. Brevemente describe algunas características del Router CNC como su capacidad para cortar y grabar diversos materiales con precisión. Finalmente agradece la atención del lector.
The document outlines a group project for a culture and civilization class, where the group must research and perform a historical play about Portugal between 1357-1524. It includes an introduction, objectives, tasks, schedule, and submission requirements for both the group performance and individual journal assignments. Research was done on the historical timeline, characters, costumes, props, and key scenes to include in the short play.
A LEAN VIEW OF CHAINED METAL ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND CNC MACHINING PROCESSESTheodore Panagiotidis
This document provides a summary of a final report for an MSc major project on a lean view of chained metal additive manufacturing and CNC machining processes. It includes an abstract, introduction, literature review on relevant manufacturing paradigms like CNC, subtractive manufacturing, additive manufacturing and lean manufacturing. It then models the basic structure of a hybrid manufacturing system by decomposing it into nine subsystems. The report investigates how hybrid manufacturing follows lean thinking and how it can be optimized using lean tools. It finds that three out of nine hybrid system subsystems show potential for waste reduction through lean implementation. The document provides a starting point for defining a standard way to describe hybrid system structure and for further research on lean assessment and implementation within
The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes:
1) The Japanese Imperial family lineage dating back to the 6th century BC and the Emperor's ceremonial role.
2) Samurai as the premodern ruling military class whose main weapon was the sword and who followed the bushido code of conduct.
3) Geisha as traditional female entertainers who perform arts and provide conversation, wearing colorful kimonos.
4) Various peasant roles including a sword maker, koinobori (carp streamer) maker, monk, and rebel. Costume details are also provided for each character.
The document provides background information on characters and costumes for a Japanese-themed research project. It describes the Japanese imperial family, samurai warriors, geisha, various peasant roles including a koinobori (carp streamer) maker and monk. It then summarizes the traditional costumes and props associated with these roles, such as the sokutai formal court attire, samurai armor, geisha kimono, peasant boro clothing, Buddhist monk robes, and samurai swords.
The document summarizes the history of Japan from the Asuka period to the Tokugawa shogunate period. It discusses how early Japan adopted Chinese culture, the rise of the samurai class, the development of feudalism, and the eventual unification of the country. It then describes the isolationist Tokugawa shogunate that closed Japan off from foreign influence and centralized power.
- Japan is mostly volcanic rock, so most pagodas are made of wood and built to withstand earthquakes and storms, featuring curved roofs. The oldest wooden structure is the Pagoda at Horyuji built in 616 AD.
- Story scrolls illustrated Japanese history in a realistic style and were read from right to left, such as the nearly 23 foot long "Burning of the Sanjo Palace" scroll.
- Japanese sculpture and woodblock prints tend to be highly stylized to fit their surroundings, like temples featuring Buddhas and castles protected by statues of samurai.
The document summarizes the creation myth of Japan according to the Kojiki, in which the male god Izanagi and female god Izanami create the first islands of Japan by stirring the ocean with a spear. They then perform rituals to bear children and give birth to the eight main islands and other gods, but Izanami dies giving birth to the fire god. The document then provides historical overviews of classical, medieval, and modern Japan as well as details on prefectures, languages, religions, arts, festivals, cuisine, sports, clothing, and important events such as the attack on Pearl Harbor and the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
During the Yamato Period from 300-710 AD, the Japanese imperial court began promoting the adoption of Chinese culture, including Confucianism, Chinese writing characters, Buddhist sects, art, architecture, and government structure. Prince Shotoku further adopted Chinese cultural influences and created a new government structure through his 17 Article Constitution in 604 AD. The Heian Period from 794-1156 AD saw the growth of large landed estates, flourishing Chinese arts and literature at court, and the development of elaborate court life, literature like The Pillow Book and Tale of Genji, and a gradual move away from Chinese cultural models. The feudal system in Japan was similar to that in Europe, based on loyalty between l
Japanese literature has a long history dating back to the Yamato/Kofun period in the 3rd-8th centuries CE. Major developments include the introduction of Chinese writing, Buddhism, and Confucianism during this time. The Tale of Genji, written by Murasaki Shikibu in the early 11th century, is considered the world's first novel and provides insights into aristocratic Heian period culture and society. Traditional Japanese genres that developed include haiku poetry, Noh drama, and Kabuki theater. Modern Japanese media like anime and films continue to be influenced by traditional literary and artistic forms.
The document discusses the Muromachi period in Japanese history, noting that it contributed unique art pieces like the Menpō half mask and Akodanari Kabuto melon-shaped helmet. It also discusses Ashikaga Takauji, the founder of the Muromachi shogunate, who helped overthrow the Kamakura shogunate but also caused divisions in Japan. During this period, Japan advanced economically and artistically while experiencing political instability.
This document provides a brief history of Japan from ancient times to the Middle Ages. It discusses the earliest inhabitants during the last ice age and the Jomon period when pottery was developed. It then covers the Yayoi period when rice farming and bronze/iron tools were introduced, leading to a more settled lifestyle. The next Kofun period saw Japan becoming unified under powerful rulers buried in large tombs. Buddhism was introduced in the 6th century. Over time Japan developed a centralized government and moved its capital several times, eventually establishing Heian-kyo (Kyoto) in 794. Feudalism emerged and samurai warriors rose to power outside the emperor's control. This led to civil war and the
- Feudal Japan began with the Yamato Period from 300-710 CE when Japanese rulers began adopting Chinese culture like Confucianism, Buddhism, language, and architecture.
- The Heian Period from 794-1156 CE saw the growth of large estates and refinement of court life, with the development of Japanese literature and arts influenced by but distinct from Chinese models.
- Feudalism developed in Japan with the emperor at the top and a system of loyalty and military service between shoguns, daimyo, and samurai down to peasants, as in medieval Europe. This period saw the rise of bushido, the samurai code of honor.
Japanese HistoryANCIENT JAPANThe First JapaneseHum.docxvrickens
1) Ancient Japan was first inhabited over 30,000 years ago via a land bridge from Asia. The Jomon period from 8,000 BC to 300 BC saw the development of pottery and shellfish gathering. From 300 BC to 300 AD, the Yayoi period brought rice farming and the use of bronze and iron tools.
2) The Kofun period from 300 AD to 710 AD saw a more unified Japan with powerful families buried in large tombs. Buddhism was introduced in 552 AD. In the 7th century, the emperor became more powerful and the capital was moved to Nara in 710, establishing a centralized state.
3) The Heian period from 794 to 1
What was life in japan like before the shogunMark Modra
A look at the early years before Shogun rule.
I have modified others people slides and used information from a number of sources. I do not have the rights to the photos and the content is from varying sources.
A main source was Oxford big ideas history 8, an amazing source.
The document provides an overview of Japanese geography, history, culture, and art. It notes that Japan is an archipelago located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, subjecting it to earthquakes and volcanoes. Geography influenced the development of Shintoism and isolation of early Japanese society. Chinese influence introduced Buddhism, Confucianism, and the Chinese writing system. Feudalism emerged with samurai warriors serving daimyo lords and an emperor with no real power. Art forms like haiku poetry, tea ceremonies, kabuki theater, and zen gardening reflected Japanese aesthetics and spiritual traditions.
The document discusses similarities and differences between samurai in Japan and knights in medieval Europe. Both samurai and knights underwent rigorous training from a young age to become skilled warriors. Their armor was also similar, using iron scales or metal plates for protection. However, samurai culture was influenced more by Shinto and Buddhism, while knights followed Christian traditions.
The document provides background research for a group sketch portraying the Fall of the Samurai during the Boshin War in 19th century Japan. It summarizes the historical context of the war as a period of conflict during the modernizing Meiji Restoration. The research details the costumes, weapons, and props that will be used to portray different characters including the Emperor, Empress, samurai, dancers, and soldiers. The sketch script and storyboard are also summarized.
The document provides background information on Takoyaki, including:
- It discusses Takoyaki, a ball-shaped snack made of octopus pieces in a wheat flour-based batter that is deep fried.
- The origins of Takoyaki can be traced back to Osaka in the 18th century, where they became a popular street food.
- Today, Takoyaki stalls and festivals celebrating the snack can be found across Japan, especially in Osaka where the batter is said to be sauce-ier and the balls are larger than in other regions.
The document summarizes key aspects of Japanese history from ancient times to the Tokugawa Shogunate. It discusses Japan's geography and location, the sacred Mt. Fuji volcano, and unclear early history due to lack of records. It describes the myth of Japan's origins, Prince Shotoku's rule in the 6th century CE which introduced Buddhism and a constitution. It outlines the Nara and Heian periods where the imperial capital shifted locations, and the Kamakura, Ashikaga, and Tokugawa Shogunates which ruled as military governments. It notes the 16th century unifiers Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu who established the
The document summarizes the history of feudal Japan from the Yamato period to the Tokugawa shogunate period. It discusses how Japan adopted Chinese culture and Confucianism starting in the Yamato period. The Heian period saw the growth of arts and literature as well as the development of the samurai class. The Kamakura and Ashikaga shogunates established a feudal system led by shoguns. The Warring States period was marked by conflict between daimyo until Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi unified parts of Japan. Finally, the Tokugawa shogunate centralized power and established a strict class system, closing Japan off from foreign influence.
The document provides a history of ninjutsu, describing its origins over 800 years ago among ninja people in Japan who fled oppression by samurai. Ninjutsu was developed in secret over centuries through rigorous training and became a highly skilled martial art practiced in the regions of Iga and Koga. While practiced in secrecy, ninjutsu survived and was later integrated into Japan's secret services after feudalism collapsed. Modern practitioners have sought to continue the martial art and philosophy passed down through unbroken lineages originating in feudal Japan.
The document provides background information on the history and culture of feudal Japan. It discusses how Japan developed from an undeveloped agrarian culture in 500 BCE to establishing a feudal system between 1000-1200 CE. Key developments included the influence of Chinese culture, the arrival of Buddhism, and the rise of the samurai warrior class. The samurai developed a code of honor known as Bushido that emphasized skills, discipline, bravery and loyalty to their lords. Shinto and Buddhism also played important religious roles during this period in Japan.
Final Project Social Psychology - Reportyangkanglim
1) The video depicts a classroom scenario where students are assigned a group project by their lecturer. Stereotyping and group selection concepts are demonstrated as students form groups.
2) A conflict arises when one group accuses another of stealing their project work. Social perception and racism concepts are shown as the accusing group profiles the other based on race. Aggression also emerges in the conflict.
3) The lecturer steps in to diffuse the situation using persuasion. Security camera footage reveals the true thief. Motivation from the lecturer inspires the thief to improve. All concepts from the social psychology course are effectively integrated into the story.
The document describes a group project for a social psychology class. It involves 6 students divided into two groups - a dominant group and a submissive group. A crime is committed when one group's model is stolen, and the submissive group's member is wrongly accused due to racial stereotyping and profiling. The lecturer later determines the real thief and motivates the accused student.
Ah boy to man- Social Psychology Project 2yangkanglim
The comic follows Ah Boy, a weak boy who loves sports but cannot join a sports club. When he sees a recruitment flyer, he joins but is mocked by other members for his weakness. Feeling useless, he cries until his mother encourages him by sharing her past and motivating him not to give up. Ah Boy then trains for months with a coach. In a competition, though still looked down on, Ah Boy uses all his strength and stamina to win. The comic incorporates concepts of stereotype, power of persuasion, social facilitation, intrinsic motivation, and operant conditioning to tell Ah Boy's story of overcoming weakness through training.
- Social loafing is when members of a group put in less effort than if they were working alone due to factors like unequal praise or job security.
- Social facilitation is the idea that performance on simple tasks improves with an audience, but complex tasks are performed worse when being watched or evaluated.
- Motivation comes from intrinsic sources within an individual like physical or mental drives, or extrinsic sources outside them such as rewards or punishment. Intrinsic motivation led the individual to volunteer, while extrinsic motivation was receiving a reward from parents for academic success.
- Attribution is whether people attribute outcomes to internal factors like traits or abilities, or external factors like situations. An internal attribution was made for a car breakdown
This document provides information on a group project for a psychology class. The group was tasked with creating a video, report, and presentation slides on a social psychology concept. The document includes an acknowledgements section, introduction outlining the project requirements, and methods section detailing the storyboard, roles of group members, and procedures followed. It also provides a discussion of the concepts featured in the video including attraction, stereotyping, persuasion, first impressions, and halo effect. The storyboard describes the plot of the video which aims to show how first impressions and attraction can be influenced by superficial attributes.
This document discusses various social psychology concepts including cognitive processes, stereotyping, persuasion, confirmation bias, first impressions, and their influence on behaviors. It provides examples of how Kit's initial judgment of someone as dirty influenced her relationship decisions, despite friends' attempts to persuade otherwise and evidence contradicting her biases. The document advocates thinking wisely before taking action to avoid being swayed by initial impressions and unconfirmed beliefs.
This document summarizes the life story of Boo in 3 pages. It describes how Boo grew up in a poor family, eating only porridge for most meals. He faced discrimination from other children for being dirty and smelly. Determined to improve his life, Boo worked hard in school and selling drawings to earn money. After finishing secondary school as one of the top students, Boo pursued a career in advertising in the city. Though he struggled at first due to lack of experience, Boo eventually found success in the advertising field and won several awards.
This document contains a student's journal entries for a social psychology course. The entries discuss various concepts from the course, including self-serving bias, motivation, attitude formation, social facilitation, and social loafing. The student provides personal examples for each concept, such as blaming teammates for failures but taking credit for successes (self-serving bias), being motivated to finish assignments early for relaxation rather than rewards (motivation), helping a friend in need based on feelings of worry and a desire to be caring (attitude formation), feeling more engaged when with a girlfriend due to social facilitation, and feeling like they contributed less to group projects when others were absent (social loafing).
The document outlines a group's final project for a charity drive event selling paracord bracelets. The group aims to raise a minimum of RM2,500 to donate to World Vision. They analyze competitors selling similar accessories and fashion items. Their products are handmade paracord bracelets available in various colors, buckle styles, and braiding patterns. The group sets prices slightly above market rates to achieve profits. Marketing is done through posters, social media, and conversations at their booth near the campus. Some parents sponsor the group with RM300 and materials are sponsored, allowing profits to benefit charity.
The students are organizing a fundraising event from June 8-12 to raise RM3000 for World Vision Malaysia's Together for Every Child Fund. They have written to request permission to donate the funds raised to World Vision Malaysia and to use the organization's name to promote the event. They are awaiting a formal approval letter and can be contacted at 012-7205181 for more information. The event will be supervised by their lecturer Mr. Chang Jau Ho.
The document outlines a group's final project for a charity drive event selling paracord bracelets. The group aims to raise a minimum of RM2,500 to donate to World Vision. They analyze competitors selling similar accessories and fashion items. Their products are handmade paracord bracelets available in various colors, buckle styles, and braiding patterns. The group sets prices slightly above market rates to achieve profits. Marketing strategies include posters, social media, and conversations at their booth near the campus walkway. Parents sponsor the group with RM300 and supplies for the paracord bracelets.
This document outlines the business plan for Averline, a Malaysian company developing a high-tech smartwatch. The plan discusses the product features and services offered, reasons for starting the business, target markets, marketing strategy, financial plan, organizational structure, and potential partnerships. Key points include offering a customizable smartwatch at a lower price than competitors, with longer battery life and additional security and health monitoring features. The financial plan outlines startup costs, expected profits, and loan repayment over 10 years.
The document discusses several mural artworks found in Malaysia. It provides background on the artists and descriptions of the murals. The first mural in Petaling Jaya depicts two young female artists and their interest in animation. It uses a lantern to represent peace. In Penang, a mural by Ernest Zacharevic shows a trishaw peddler resting. Another mural by Zacharevic in George Town says "Wo Ai Nee Malay Indian" and depicts three women in traditional Malaysian costumes for Chinese, Indian and Malay cultures.
The document compares and contrasts the science fiction films The Avengers and Guardian of the Galaxy. Both films were produced by Marvel and feature teams of superheroes using advanced technologies to protect the world from threats. The Avengers was directed by Joss Whedon and focuses on Iron Man's armor and S.H.I.E.L.D.'s helicarrier. Guardian of the Galaxy features Star Lord's alien technology suit and spaceship. Both films also use humorous characters like Iron Man and Star Lord to entertain audiences. Ultimately, the films convey the importance of teamwork and strategies in defending the world, while still differing in their directors and fictional concepts.
This document describes a research project comparing two cendol stalls located in different areas - one in Klang and one in Penang, Malaysia. A group of students analyzed aspects of the businesses like their history, products offered, number of employees, competition in the area, and strategies for competing. Both stalls have been in business for many years and face competition from other cendol vendors. They strive to maintain quality and unique recipes while keeping prices low and service fast to attract customers. The students found many similarities between the businesses but also some differences in their locations, operating hours, and expansion plans.
This document discusses two traditional Malaysian dessert businesses: Cendol & Rojak Bukit Tinggi in Klang and Teochew Cendol in Penang. Both were founded in the 1930s-2004 and are known for their signature homemade palm sugar and coconut milk desserts. They face competition from other similar stalls and shops. Their strategies include focusing on quality, location, pricing, customer service and advertising to combat competition. While they share similarities like signature dishes and open-air settings, they differ in history, location, operations and targeted markets. The document recommends franchising, improving structures and using technology to help both businesses grow.
This document is a compare and contrast essay analyzing the science fiction films Divergent and The Maze Runner. It summarizes the plotlines of each film, noting Divergent is set in a futuristic Chicago where society is divided into factions, while The Maze Runner follows teenagers trapped in a giant labyrinth. It also compares the main characters, with Tris from Divergent being intelligent and skilled in combat, while Thomas from The Maze Runner is more simple and driven to solve the maze. The essay concludes the films differ in their themes, with Divergent exploring identity and The Maze Runner focusing on manipulation.
This document appears to be about Taylor's University and its Lakeside campus. It mentions the university's foundation in natural and built environments. The document also includes a name and student ID number, possibly of the document's author.
The document is a report on planning a better future town. It begins with an introduction explaining the purpose of the project and what will be studied. It then discusses the definition and types of towns, providing a brief history. It examines the ancient town of Hoi An, Vietnam in detail, highlighting the factors that made it significant such as its preservation of traditional architecture and lifestyle. Current details of Paris, France are also explored, noting it was founded by Celtic people and became a prosperous trading center and center of learning. The goal is to understand elements of past and present towns to inform planning of a better future town.
This document presents a project brief for developing a vacant plot of land in Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia. The 100m x 220m plot is located in a commercial area surrounded by residential neighborhoods. Two development proposals are presented - a recreational area with parks, playgrounds, and basketball courts, and a commercial area with a "Knowledge Cafe." Both proposals include site analyses, concepts, master plans, budgets, and sustainability features like solar energy. The goal is to turn the empty land into a functional space for community use.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Traditional Musical Instruments of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh - RAYH...
CNC Report Project 2
1.
2. Erica Lo Set Lek 0319005 . Cheok Jian Shuang 0320089 .
Chong Kit Yee 0319748. Chong JiaYi 0320869. Caleb Soh Er Wen 0320292.
Lucas Ong Tun Cheik 0319979. Lim Yang Kang 0320538.
Lim Jey Shen 0319796 . Aaron Chong 032270
Characters Research
Emperor Lim Yang Kang
The Japanese Imperial family is the oldest hereditary monarchy in the world. The family's lineage dates back
to the sixth century BC,though the title of Tenno (emperor) or Sumera-Mikoto (heavenly sovereign) was
assumed by rulers in the sixth or seventh century and has been used since. The family crest (above) is the
kiku, or chrysanthemum.
The role of the Emperor (and occasionally the Empress - there have been 8 to date) has varied in importance.
Considered a divine being until the end of World War II, the postwar Constitution made him the "Symbol of
the state". He plays a largely ceremonial part in the life of the nation.
Samurai Caleb, Jason, Lucas
The samurai were the warriors of premodern Japan. They later made up the ruling military class that
eventually became the highest ranking social caste of the Edo Period(1603-1867). Samurai employed a range
of weapons such as bows and arrows,spears and guns, but their main weapon and symbol was the sword.
Samurai were supposed to lead their lives according to the ethic code of bushido ("the way of the warrior").
Strongly Confucian in nature, bushido stressed concepts such as loyalty to one's master, self discipline and
respectful, ethical behavior. Many samurai were also drawn to the teachings and practices of Zen Buddhism.
Geisha Erica Lo
Geisha, geiko or geigi are traditional Japanese female entertainers who act as hostesses and whose skills
include performing various Japanese arts such as classical music, dance, games and conversation, mainly to
entertain male customers.
Peasant 1 : Samurai Sword Maker Chong Kit Yee
Japanese swordsmithing is the labour-intensive bladesmithing process developed in Japan for forging
traditionally made bladed weapons
(nihonto) including katana, wazikashi, tanto,yari, naginata, nagamaki, tachi, uchigatana, nodachi ,odachi
kodachii, and ya (arrow). Japananese sword blades were often forged with different profiles, different blade
thicknesses, and varying amounts of grind. Wakizashi and tantō were not simply scaled-down katana; they
were often forged without ridge (hira-zukuri) or other such forms which were very rare on katana.
Peasant 2 : The Koinobori Maker Cheok Jian Shuang
Koinobori, meaning "carp streamer"in Japanese,are carp-shaped wind socks traditionally flown in Japan to
celebrate Tango no Sekku, a traditional calendrical event which is now designated a national
holiday; Children's Day (Kodomo no Hi).These wind socks are made by drawing carp patterns on paper,
cloth or other nonwoven fabric. They are then allowed to flutter in the wind. They are also known as satsuki-
nobori.
Their origin dates back to the beginning of the Meiji period when a merchant who had a toy and stationery
business, on his way back from a visit to the Ise Shrine, saw paper carp made in Nagoya. This gave him the
idea of having a Japanese kite maker make the paper carp,which he then sold.
3. Peasant 3 : Monk Chong Jia Yi
Buddhism has been practiced in Japan since at least 552 AD,though some Chinese sources place the first
spreading of the religion earlier during the Kofun period (250 to 538). Buddhism has had a major influence
on the development of Japanese society and remains an influential aspect of the culture to this day.
There were 2 types of monk in ancient japan, So hei(warrior monk) and Buddhist monk. Warrior monks held
considerable power, obliging the imperial and military governments to collaborate. While buddhist monks do
not have much association with government.
Peasant 4 : Rebeller & Shishimai Aaron Chong
Rebeller
There is a great deal of ritual associated with seppuku, particularly when it was done as a protest, or as an
honourable punishment. In such cases it might be performed in a spiritually clean temple or similar location,
but other locations (e.g. on the field of battle, for members of the losing side) were also common.
Seppuku was officially abolished during the Meiji Restoration in 1868, but did not completely die out.
Dozens of people are known to have committed seppuku since then, including a large group of military men
who committed suicide in 1895 as a protest against the return of a conquered territory, to China; by General
Nogi and his wife on the death of Emperor Meiji in 1912; and by numerous soldiers and civilians who chose
to die rather than surrender at the end of World War II.
Shishimai
Japan has a long tradition of the lion dance and the dance is known as shishi-mai in Japanese. It is thought to
have been imported from China during the Tang Dynasty, and became associated with celebration of
Buddha's birthday. The oldest surviving lion mask, made of paulownia wood with an articulated lower jaw, is
preserved in Japan.The dance is commonly performed during the NewYear where the lion dancers may be
accompanied by flute and drum musicians.
4. Costume Research
Emperor
"Sokutai" is the most formal clothing that really high ranked court officer wore. The name, "Sokutai" is
originally from "Sekitai" which is like a belt with stone decoration. "Soku" means a bunch of something and
5. "tai" means a belt that binds up some clothing. You'll see the costume that highest ranked ministers in the
court wore in the Heian period.
Samurai
6. The Samurai warrior was an expert in hand to hand combat. The disciplines he mastered included Ju Jitsu,
Iaido and swordsmanship. The Samurai would fight mounted on a horse or on foot. It is said that some of
their opponents were strong and skilled enough to be able to punch through the Samurai armor with a single
strike from their fist.
Geisha
7. Geisha always wear
kimono. Geisha wear
highly colorful kimono with extravagant obi. Always, the obi is brighter than the kimono she is wearing to
give a certain exotic balance. Maiko wear the obi tied in a style called "darari". Older geisha wear more
subdued patterns and styles. The sign of a prosperous okiya is having geisha not wearing a kimono more than
once, meaning that those okiyas with higher economic status will have "storehouses" of sorts where kimono
are stored and interchanged between geisha.
The color, pattern, and style of kimono is also dependent on the season and the event the geisha is attending.
In winter, geisha can be seen wearing a three-quarter length haori lined with hand painted silk over their
kimono. Lined kimono are worn during colder seasons, and unlined kimono during the summer. A kimono
can take from 2–3 years to complete, due to painting and embroidering.The white makeup that is a trademark
of the geisha was once lead-based and poisonous. Now, it is harmless. If a maiko follows the traditional way
of achieving the look, she first applies oil and a layer of wax to her face. This makes the skin perfectly
smooth and forms a base to which the white powder can adhere. She then applies red lipstick only to her
lower lip. This is a sign that she is an apprentice.
8. Peasant : Koinobori Maker
Peasant Clothing- Boro
Boro is the clothing that was worn by peasants, merchants or artisans in Japan from Edo up to early Showa
(17th – early 19th century). In feudal times, the majority were peasant farmers. Not everyone could afford
the lavish silk kimono and vivid obi worn by the aristocracy. Clothes were crafted from cheaper materials,
but were no less beautiful than those worn by the upper classes.
9. Peasant : Samurai Sword Maker
The kosode is a basic Japanese robe for both men and women. Worn as both an undergarment and
overgarment, it is what most people imagine when using the much broader term kimono. The literal meaning
of the term kosode is "small sleeve," which refers to the sleeve opening. Kosode are T-shaped, have a looser
fit than the Kimono and come in varying lengths. Kosode replaced the many layered, unlined hirosodes.
Over time kosode gradually developed into a wide variety of styles, with patterns and fabrics
10. Peasant : Monk
Buddhist kāṣāya said to have originated in India as set of robes for the devotees of Gautama Buddha.
. Original kāṣāya were constructed of discarded fabric. These were stitched together to form three rectangular
pieces of cloth, which were then fit over the body in a specific manner. The three main pieces of cloth are
theantarvāsa, the uttarāsaṅga, and the saṃghāti. Together they form the "triple robe," or tricīvara.
The antarvāsa is the inner robe covering the lower body. It is the undergarment that flows underneath the
other layers of clothing. It has a large neck, and almost entirely covers the torso. In representations of the
Buddha, the bottom of the antarvāsa usually protrudes, and appears in the rough shape of a triangle.
Uttarāsaṅga is a robe covering the upper body.
The saṃghāti is an outer robe used for various occasions. It comes over the upper robe (uttarāsaṅga), and
the undergarment (antarvāsa).
11. Shishimai
The Shishimai is a costume that originates from the Japanese Lion Dance. This lion was meant to protect the
land by scaring away evil spirits. As a matter of fact, Shishimai dance serves to ward off evil spirits and
brings good harvest, wealth, and prosperity to the region.
12. Props Research
Samurai Sword
In modern times the most commonly known type of Japanese sword is the Shinogi-Zukuri katana, which is a
single-edged and usually curved long sword traditionally worn by samurai from the 15th century onwards.
Other types of Japanese swords include: tsurugi or ken, which is a double-edged sword;ōdachi, nodachi,
tachi, which are older styles of a very long single-edged sword; wakizashi, a medium-sized sword and tantō
which is an even smaller knife-sized sword. Naginata and yari despite being pole-arms are still considered to
be swords.
Japanese swords are still commonly seen today, antique and modern forged swords can easily be found and
purchased. Modern, authentic nihontō are made by a few hundred swordsmiths. Many examples can be seen
at an annual competition hosted by the All Japan Swordsmith Association, under the auspices of the Nihontō
Bunka Shinkō Kyōkai (Society for the promotion of Japanese Sword Culture).
Some western historians have said that Japanese katana were among the finest cutting weapons in world
military history.
Horse of Samurai
13. At the present time, genetics show that Japanese horses derived from the small sturdy Mongolian horses. In
Japan today, eight horse breeds are recognized and all of these are small in stature—averaging 13 to 14
hands. Since there is relatively little pastureland in Japan, horses were generally stabled when they were not
being ridden.
During the Heian period (794 to 1185), the era in which the concept of the samurai arose, horses became an
essential part of every noble warrior’s equipment. This was an era in which power was centralized around an
imperial court based in Kyoto. While it is common to assume that the sword was the soul of the samurai, the
samurai’s primary fighting skill was horse-mounted archery. The samurai was the way of the horse and the
bow.
14. Koinobori
Koinobori means "carp streamer" in Japanese, are carp-shaped wind socks traditionally flown in Japan to
celebrate Tango no Sekku , a traditional calendrical event which is now designated a national holiday;
Children's Day. These wind socks are made by drawing carp patterns on paper, cloth or other nonwoven
fabric. They are then allowed to flutter in the wind. They are also known as satsuki-nobori .
Children's Day takes place on May 5, the last day of Golden Week, the largest break for workers and also a
week in which businesses usually close for up to 9–10 days. Landscapes across Japan are decorated with
koinobori from April to early May, in honor of sons for a good future and in the hope that they will grow up
healthy and strong.
Geisha’s fans for Dancing
15. A
Traditional Japanese fan can be made from paper, feathers or thin material mounted on slats. Today, the fans
used in fan dancing are usually made from paper, and are elaborately painted and folded. The fans must be
made using a paper pivot attachment, a mechanism that allows the dancer to fold and open the fan with a
single flick of the wrist, so that the fan may be easily folded and twirled in the movements of the dance. Fan
dances are usually accompanied by traditional Japanese music.
16. Story Research
Social Strata
The Noble Class:
The Noble Class was the Uppermost and far more Superior Class than rest of the people in Japan. The Noble
Class was further categorized in three more parts in the Ancient Japanese Hierarchy named the Emperors, the
Daimyo and the Samurai which are described as below:
The Emperor: The Emperor was also referred as the King possessed the Supreme Power in all the Classes.
The Emperor was equivalent to the God for the countrymen. The order of an Emperor was considered the
final decision and no person was allowed to question the order. They ruled the kingdom and handled the
administration.
The Daimyo: The Daimyo were also referred as the Warlords and they got Second Highest Powers in the
society lower than the Emperor. They possessed the entire Military as well as the Economic Power in the
entire Ancient Japanese Hierarchy. They used to possess huge lands hereditarily and they lead the armies to
save the land and the workers also. The country’s security was under their leadership and responsibility.
The Samurai: The armies lead by the Daimyos consisted of the powerful and brave warriors named as
Samurai. These heroic warriors were under the leadership of the Daimyos. These warriors possessed extra
privileges’ than the common people and also had higher status than others. They protected the entire Nation
with their bravery and heroism.
The Peasant Class/ the Common Man:
The Common Man or Layman referred as the Peasant Class was the Lowest Class and possessed almost very
few or No Powers at all. They performed day to day working which a common man does to earn a
livelihood. The Peasant Class was further divided into many Sub-Classes which included Farmers who were
the highest ranked Class in these Sub-Classes and then come the Artisans followed by the Craftsmen and in
the end, the Merchants.Abrief description is as follow:
The Farmers: The Farmers were the topmost Class in the Peasant Sub-Class in the Ancient Japanese
Hierarchy. The Farmers having their own land were Superior to the Farmers not having their own land.
Craftsmen/Artisans: These were among the Second Highest Class in the Peasant Sub-Class in the Ancient
Japanese Hierarchy and were lower to the Farmers. Their work was with metal and wood and some of them
got famous as ardent Samurai Sword makers.
Merchants: Merchants were among the Lowest Class in the Peasant Sub-Class in the Ancient Japanese
Hierarchy because it was thought that their earning is totally dependent on other people’s work.
17. Culture
Suicide
The first recorded act of seppuku was performed by Minamoto no Yorimasa during the Battle of Uji in the
year 1180. Seppuku eventually became a key part of bushido, the code of the samurai warriors; it was used
by warriors to avoid falling into enemy hands, and to attenuate shame and avoid possible torture. Samurai
could also be ordered by their daimyo (feudal lords) to carry out seppuku. Later, disgraced warriors were
sometimes allowed to carry out seppuku rather than be executed in the normal manner. The most common
form of seppuku for men was composed of the cutting of the abdomen, and when the samurai was finished,
he stretched out his neck for an assistant to decapitate him. Since the main point of the act was to restore or
protect one's honor as a warrior, those who did not belong to the samurai caste were never ordered or
expected to carry out seppuku. Samurai generally could carry out the act only with permission.
Japanese Ancient Fan Dance
The traditional Japanese fan dance is usually performed by a young woman, either singly or in a group of
dancers. It involves using a hand-held fan as a prop. The dancers often wear brightly colored Japanese
kimonos, and have elaborately arranged hair and bold make-up. Fan dancing involves slow, deliberate
movements, figures and poses, which sometimes tell a story.
raditional fan dancing can still be seen in Japan today, although it is no longer the dance of aristocrats. It is
performed with hand-painted fans, usually made from paper, to the accompaniment of live music, often
involving singing and the playing of a shamisen (a three-stringed instrument). Sometimes fan dancing is
performed for western audiences with faster and showier choreography, accompanied by recorded music, but
this is not traditional fan dancing.
Performance of Shishimai
The lion dance has been completely absorbed into Japanese tradition, and the style of dancing and design of
the lion differs by region. There are many different lion dances in Japan - it is believed that as many as 9,000
variations of the dance exist in the country. The lion dance is also used in religious Shinto festivals as part of
a performing art form called kagura. There are two main groups of shishi kagura - the daikagura which is
mainly acrobatic, and theyamabushi kagura.
18. Myth
Nine Tail Fox
"Kitsune" (pronounced "kee-tsoo-neh", sometimes Woolseyized to "keaton") is the Japanese word for fox,
but it can also refer to a type of Youkai in Japanese Myth , an intelligent fox creature with magical powers,
including Shapeshifting (particularly to human form), enchantment, illusion, Faux Flame, and supernatural
form. In fox form, they tend to grow additional tails as they get older, up to nine in total (known as Kyūbi no
Kitsune.)
19. Play Script
Introductory Scene
Narrator : Once upon a time, Japan was a peaceful nation. The citizens went about their
daily routine without a worry in life. Farmers could farm, merchants could trade, and kids
could run about playing with one another. And everyone was happy!
* Blacksmith, monk, merchant and musician enters the scene and roam about *
* Blacksmith sits down, the three Samurai's enter *
* Samurai walks to blacksmith, inspects sword then leaves with the sword *
Narrator : But all that changed during the rule of the Edo Empire. The new emperor was
evil, harsh and very inhumane. Because of this, Japan experienced a period of civil uprising.
The pheasants became increasingly unhappy with the rule of the emperor. This lead to a
rebellion. In response, the emperor needed someone to take care of the rebellion, so he
summoned his loyal samurai.
Scene 1 [Emperor's Court]
* Emperor sited on throne*
* Samurai walks in and bows*
Samurai : Greets the emperor. Sire, you summoned me?
Emperor: Greetings my loyal soldier. Yes, there is an issue that has bothered me for the past
few days which I would want you to settle for me.
Samurai: My king, what is the matter?
Emperor: Peasants have rebelled at the X district, and I want my most loyal man to settle
this rebellion at all costs.
Samurai: Okiedokies.
*Samurai leaves the Emperor's courts*
Scene 2 [Village]
* Peasants in complete disarray*
* Peasants running around *
* Shouting, wailing, crying, agony *
* Three Samurai's enter scene. Samurai 2 & 3 kills the villagers. Samurai 1 fights with the
rebel leader *
* Rebel leader is injured *
* Peasant (rebellion leader) kneels on the floor *
* Three Samurai surrounds him *
Samurai : Look around you. I told you it can never end well for people of your kind!
20. Rebel Leader : You wretched, soft, spineless puppets of the emperor! Do you not see the
injustice that is around you? How long more would you continue to be blinded by the
trickery of the Emperor! Fool!
Samurai: You are the one who is a fool! I don't expect someone like you to understand the
dreams and visions of our emperor!
Rebel Leader : Ignorant fool!....
Samurai : Enough! I had enough of this nonsense! Being the gentleman I am, I shall give
you the option to commit seppuku or we would happilly take your life!
Rebel Leader : Never would I let the puppets of the Emperor take my life!
21. * Peasant carries out Seppuku *
Scene 3 [Teahouse]
Narrator : Having successfully put down the rebelllion, the Samurai returns to the emperor
victorious. The emperor then holds a celebration at the teahouse in honor of the Samurai's
victory.
* Emperor sitting down with the Samurai's sitted in two rows beside him *
Narrator : At the tea house, a geisha performs the traditional dance and then carries out the
tea ceremony
* Geisha enters *
* Geisha starts the traditional tea ceremony *
* Geisha proceeds to perform traditional dance *
Narrator : At this point, one of the Samurai took a particular interest in the Geisha's.
* Samurai acts love struck *
* Geisha's dance ends *
* Geisha steals a look back at the Samurai as she leaves the scene *
Narrator ; After the Geisha's traditional dance performance, the Shishimai performance
started. This performance is usually performed to signify blessings.
* Shishimai enters *
* Shishimai performance starts *
* Shishimai performance ends *
Narrator : The celebration concluded with the end of the shishimai's performance. The
emperor and his loyal Samurai's then left for their respective residence.
Scene 4 [Samurai's Bedroom]
Narrator : Back at his residence, the Samurai went to bed and soon started to dream.
* Samurai is sleeping *
* Dreams about Geisha transforming into the nine-tail fox *
* Wakes up suddenly *
* Notices the Geisha standing at a dark corner in his room *
* Slowly stands up and walks hesitantly towards the Geisha *
* Samurai is drag forward suddenly and disappears *
*Lights off, scream *
Narrator : Nothing was heard of the Samurai ever since then. Up to today, no one knows
what has become of him, and the mystery goes on....
~ THE END ~
28. Crucial Scene
Scene 1
Social Strata
Peasants rebel because the emperor cannot rule the country properly. So the emperor order those
samurai to settle down the rebellion.
32. Samurai won the fight and the peasant want to protect their dignity. He choose to suicide.
Scene 4
33. Culture
Emperor and Samurai went to teahouse to celebrate. Geisha & Shishimai are performing to entertain
them. One ofthe Samurai fall in love to the Geisha while she is performing.
35. Myth
The Samurai went home after the celebration and sleep. He dream the nine tail fox and actually the
nine tail fox is he Geisha that he fall in love with.
Final Outcome of Costume