The document discusses different types of clouds based on their formation, appearance and classification. It describes clouds being classified into four main categories of high, middle, low and vertically developed clouds. It further discusses ten different types of clouds that fall under cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds. Key cloud types discussed include cirrus, stratus, cumulus, nimbus clouds and vertically developed cumulonimbus clouds.

1. 10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
1

2. Definition of clouds
…03
Formation of clouds
…06
Classification of clouds
…10
Vertically Developed clouds
…16
Categories
…19
1) Cumulus clouds
…20
1) Hmulis
…23
2) Fractus
…26
3) Congestus
…28
4) Castellanus
…29
2) Cumulonimbus clouds
…31
1) Cumulonimbus Incus
…36
2) Cumulonimbus Mammatus …38
3) Cumulonimbus Calvus
…41
6) References
…44
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
2

3.  “A visible collection of CONDENSED
tiny water droplets and ice crystals suspended
in the atmosphere.”
Clouds can be in variety of forms.
 Some are found at high elevation but other
are near the ground relatively
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
3

4. 10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
4

5. All the
weathering
phenomenon
occurs due to
the clouds…
ranges within
the
troposphere.

10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
5

6.  Water is known to exist in three forms:
 Clouds, snow and rain are all made up of
some form of water.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
6

7. 
Generally produced by atmospheric motion with
upward component cools the air.

Clouds form when temperature is below the dew
point.
 When air blows over the colder surface.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
7

8. By orographic uplift of air near the mountainous
terrain.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
8

9.  Air parcel will rise up naturally if the air
within it is warmer than the surrounding air by
convection.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
9

10. Clouds are classified into a system that uses
“Latin” words to describe their appearances.
They are define on the basis of their
“Heights”.
This was done by an English chemist “Luke
Howard” in 1803.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
10

11. HOWARD divided them into 4 categories
using Latin names as:
LATIN NAMES
ENGLISH NAMES
Cirrus
Curl of hair
Stratus
Layer like
Cumulus
Heap
Nimbus
Rain
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
11

12.  They are further divided into 4 groups having 10
types of the clouds:
GROUPS
HEIGHTS
High Clouds
5-13km
Middle Clouds
2-7km
Low Clouds
0-2km
Vertically Developed Clouds
---
The first 3 groups are differentiating by their heights.
The fourth group contains thick clouds as they are
NOT describe on the basis of heights level from
grounds.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
12

13. STRATUS
10/27/2013
CIRRUS
METEOROLOGY
13

14. C
U
M
U
L
U
S
N
I
M
B
U
S
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
14

15. • Cirrus
• Cirrostratus
• Cirrocumulus
• Altostratus
• Altocumulus
High
Clouds
Middle
Clouds
Vertically
Developed
Clouds
Low
Clouds
• Cumulus
• Cumulonimbus
10/27/2013
• Stratus
• Stratocumulus
• Nimbostratus
METEOROLOGY
15

16.  They
are due to unstable atmospheric
conditions.
Height can range up to 12000m.
Generated most commonly either by
thermal convection or frontal lifting.
Releasing incredible amount of energy to
condensed the water vapor within the clouds.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
16

17. 10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
17

18. They are
generally not the
sign of calm
weather.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
18

19. Vertically developed clouds are more
conveniently divided into 2 categories as:
1)Cumulus Clouds
i. Cumulus Humilis Clouds
ii. Cumulus Fractus Clouds
iii. Cumulus Congestus Clouds
iv. Cumulus Constellus Clouds
2)Cumulonimbus Clouds
i. Cumulonimbus Incus Clouds
ii. Cumulonimbus Mammatus Clouds
iii. Cumulonimbus Calvus Clouds
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
19

20. They look like white ball of cotton _ isolated in sky.
Are sign of pleasant weather.
They have flat bottoms and lumpy tops.
Top often is in the form of towers--- shows the limit
of rising air.
Formation :
Rising air is associated with high relative humidity.
Generally they are formed by convection resulting
from solar heating in summers.
Over open lakes in autumn and winters.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
20

21. 10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
21

22. They are found as low as 330ft.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
22

23. Humilis stands for “HUMBLE.”
Generally have flattened bases and slight vertical
development.
Mostly rises up to 5-8km.
Formation :
Once the thermals rise above the surface, the
potential for cloud development increases.
At the condensation level, the relative humidity of
the thermal air will be around 100 percent (saturated).
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
23

24. Between each cumulus humilis, the air descends slowly
to replace the rising thermals
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
24

25. As a
result, t
he
cloud field
can
look
very
regularl
-y
Spaced.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
25

26. Cumulus clouds that appear in irregular
fragments, as if they had been shred or torn.
Always appear in
association with other
clouds.
For a short time
before, during and a
short time after
precipitation.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
26

27. They can form in fair weather as rising pockets of
warm air rise and condense into these proto-clouds
Cumulus fractus on
not-so-fair
days, too, as they
"shredded" by larger
cumulonimbus cloud
after a rain storm
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
27

28. Congestus is Latin for "piled-up".
When a humilis cloud grows vertically
it turns into a congestus cloud.
These
clouds
may
produce
abunda
nt
showers
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
28

29. It stands for “Castle-like”.
It displays multiple towers
arising from its top, indicating
significant vertical air
movement
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
29

30. 10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
30

31. These clouds are named because they are puffy
("cumulo") and because they often are dark clouds
which cause rainstorms ("nimbus").
Cumulonimbus clouds are characterized
as tall, dense clouds
These are more vertically developed than fair
weather cumulus and have tops that can reach up to
39,000 feet (12,000m).
These are fueled by strong updrafts that transfer air
up through the atmosphere.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
31

32. Cumulonimbus clouds designs
its formation mostly during the
afternoon time, as this the time
when the earth surface gets
heated up.
 Cumulonimbus clouds are
usually seen in the shape of
mushroom.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
32

33. Common types of Clouds
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
33

34. Cumulonimbus Cloud Over Africa
10/27/2013
March 24, 2011
METEOROLOGY
Image Credit: NASA
34

35. 10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
35

36. Incus stands for “Anvil”.
A mature cumulonimbus incus is definitely the
“King of Clouds”, and sometimes reaching 60,000 feet
in tropical and subtropical areas.
Formation always be regarded as a significant
aviation hazard because of :
“the powerful air currents involved in its formation and
the potentially damaging effect of the large hailstones it
may produce.”
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
36

37. 10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
37

38. They look like “BAG.”
Mammatus is one of the most spectacular and
distinctive of all cloud formations.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
38

39. During a thunderstorm, warm, moist updrafts rise to
the top of the troposphere. Here the temperature levels
off and the air stabilizes. This causes the rising cloud to
expand horizontally over areas of cooler, cloud-free air.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
39

40. Mechanisi
m for rain
formation by
cumulonimb
us
mammatus.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
40

41. Calvus stands for “Bald”.
Calvus occurs when convection and atmospheric
instability combine to push the cloud tops beyond the
congestus stage to heights of up to 30,000 feet.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
41

42. The mushrooming top is a sign
of the vigorous updrafts that may
eventually force the cloud up into
the highest levels of the
troposphere.
At this level of the
troposphere, temperatures are
normally well below freezing, and
any condensation that takes place
will produce ice crystals rather
than water droplets.
This gives the top of the cloud a
brilliant, white appearance.
10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
42

43. 10/27/2013
METEOROLOGY
43

44. 1. www.buzzel.com
2. www.uwsp.com
3. www.atmosphere.com
4. www.uiuc.com
5. www.climate4you.com
6. www.apollo.com
7. www.merrian.com
8. www.anglefire.com
9. www.cityofportsomuth.com
10.www.mapmakermeteor.com
11.www.islandnet.com
12.www.jeffsweather.com
13.www.mariauthorbooks.com
14.www.chitambo.com
10/27/2013
15. www.trueknowldge.com
16. www.chalkrichmond.co
m
17. www.mapsofworld.com
18. www.airlinepilots.com
1. Google.com
1. Meteorology Today
by C. Donald Ahrens
6th edition
METEOROLOGY
44