This document discusses cloud computing concepts including its key characteristics, service models, and deployment models. Cloud computing refers to applications and services delivered over the internet using shared computing resources. The main advantages of cloud computing are no upfront investment in servers or software, flexibility, scalability, and pay-per-use models. The three service models are Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). The four deployment models are private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud, and community cloud. Security and programmability are ongoing challenges that cloud computing aims to address through standardization.

1. Prepared by
Mohammed Kharma
21 Dec, 2010

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 “Comes from the early days of the Internet where
we drew the network as a cloud… we didn’t care
where the messages went… the cloud hide it
from us” – Kevin Marks, Google

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Traditional business applications—like those from
Oracle—have always been too complicated and
expensive that needs a data center with office
space, power, cooling, bandwidth, networks,
servers, and storage, experts to install, configure,
and run them.

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You don’t need to run your applications yourself, they
run on a shared data center. When you use any
application that runs in the cloud, you just log in,
customize it like CRM or Custom APP, and start
using it. That’s the power of cloud computing, No
physical resource purchase and install

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 Cloud computing refers to Both the applications
delivered as services over the Internet and the
hardware and systems software in the data centers
that provide those services[2].
 Cloud model has:
 Five essential characteristics
 Three service models.
 Four deployment models.

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7.  On-demand(performance).
 Broad network access
◦ Mandatory to have cloud life
 Resource pooling
◦ Location independence
 Rapid elasticity
◦ Pay by-the-sip model
 Measured service
Usually dashboard available for such purposes-
Google App Engine Demo
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10.  Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS)
◦ Use provider’s applications over a network web-based email.
◦ salesforce.com that offer CRM cloud computing and Google Apps
◦ Disadvantages: No control, Standard applications
◦ Advantages: easy backups, flexible pricing, portability
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11.  Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS)
◦ to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created
applications
◦ build higher services level based on the underlying platform
service
◦ Virtual Private Servers(virtual machine): Bridge the gap
between shared web hosting services and dedicated hosting
services and have full control over the server(s)
◦ Google Apps Engine.
◦ Disadvantages: incapable of passing a PCI Security Audit.
◦ Advantages: machine images can be saved for unexpected
failures.
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12.  Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
◦ Rent processing, storage, network capacity, and other
fundamental computing resources
◦ developers specify how the same virtual components are
configured and interconnected
◦ but has control over operating systems, storage, deployed
applications, and possibly select networking components (e.g.,
firewalls, load balancers).
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13.  Private cloud
◦ enterprise owned or leased
 Public cloud
◦ Sold to the public
 Hybrid cloud
◦ composition of two or more clouds
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14.  The considerations for choosing the computing model are
depend on the target problem the cloud should solve and the
relationship between data and processing resources.
 Temporary Application.
 Data Volume.

15.  Also be called "scaling out", such as increasing number of
services like adding new application instance.
 Means to add more nodes to a system, such as adding a new
computer to a distributed software application. An example
might be scaling out from one web server system to three.
 Horizontal scalability is the ability of an cloud application to be
scaled up to fit the dynamic demand through replication and
the distribution of requests across a shared resource pool

17.  Also be called "scaling up", such as expanding the number of
Apache daemon processes currently running.
 Means to add resources to a single node in a system, typically
involving the addition of CPUs or memory to a single computer
 Vertical scalability is the ability of an application to scale under
load, so no more instances allocation or replicas that already
standby to be ready serves the variable demand and load; and this
can be achieved through maintaining the performance levels as the
number of concurrent requests increases.

18.  Larger numbers of computers means increased management
complexity
 More complex programming model .
 Issues such as throughput and latency between nodes
 Some applications do not lend themselves to a distributed
computing model, for example no concurrency In the past, the
price difference between the two models handling.
 Deploying a new virtual system is almost always less expensive
than actually buying and installing a real one

19.  Should apply basic network security issue
 Cloud providers should offer mechanisms, such as security domains,
to secure a group of virtual machines and control traffic flow in and
out of the group [1].

20.  Apply control access port filtering mechanism to control traffics,
firewalls and content-based filtering in a network switching.
 Encryption in storing and transmitting, example some fault or miss
configuration in application or environment
 Strong authentication-access schema between application
components such as between web server tier and database tier.

21.  The Google File System
 MapReduce: Simplied Data Processing on
Large Clusters
 Bigtable: A Distributed Storage System for
Structured Data

22.  Better hardware management and recourse utilization.
 Shift risk of data availability, security, licensing… from customer
side to provider side
 We predict cloud computing will grow, so developers should take
it into account. Regardless of whether a cloud provider sells
services at a low level of abstraction like EC2 or a higher level
like AppEngine
 There some standardizations under construction.
 cloud computing reduces the infrastructure requirements and
budgets that an enterprise needs to host their applications or
data
 Automatic upgrade for load work requests

23.  Sun Microsystems, Inc ,Introduction to Cloud
Computing architecture, 2009
 Michael Armbrust et al, A View of Cloud
Computing, 2010
 Neil Turner, Cloud Computing: A Brief Summary,
September 2009
 Bo Peng, Bin Cui and Xiaoming Li, Implementation
Issues of A Cloud Computing Platform, 2009
 Cloud Computing PMO, Cloud Computing Initiative:
May 6, 2009 Summit Briefing Book
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability

24. Thank You