Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are integrations of computation, cloud based networking, and physical processes. CPS integrates the dynamics of the physical processes with those of the software and networking, providing abstractions and modeling, design, and analysis techniques for the integrated whole.

1. Dr. Giriraj Mannayee
Department of Design and Automation, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
CLOUD-BASED CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS IN MANUFACTURING

2. Dr. Giriraj Mannayee
Department of Design and Automation, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
CLOUD-BASED CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEMS IN MANUFACTURING
The National Science Foundation defines cyber-physical systems (CPS) as
“engineered systems that are built from, and depend upon, the seamless
integration of computational algorithms and physical components”

3. CLOUD COMPUTING
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Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT resources over the Internet with
pay-as-you-go pricing. Instead of buying, owning, and maintaining physical data
centers and servers, you can access technology services, such as computing power,
storage, and databases, on an as-needed basis from a cloud provider.

4. Who is using cloud computing?
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Organizations of every type, size, and industry are using the cloud for a wide variety of use
cases, such as data backup, disaster recovery, email, virtual desktops, software development and
testing, big data analytics, and customer-facing web applications.
For example, healthcare companies are using the cloud to develop more personalized
treatments for patients.
Financial services companies are using the cloud to power real-time fraud detection and
prevention.
video game makers are using the cloud to deliver online games to millions of players around
the world.
Cloud computing is transforming virtually every facet of modern manufacturing. Whether
it's how you operate, integrate into supply chains, design and make products, or how your
customers use the products. Cloud computing is helping manufacturers like you to innovate,
reduce costs, and increase your competitiveness.

5. BENEFITS OF CLOUD COMPUTING
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 Reduced IT costs
 Scalability
 Business continuity
 Collaboration efficiency
 Flexibility of work practices
 Access to automatic updates
Also consider...
 cloud computing security considerations.
 Find out how to create a digital strategy for your business.

6. TYPES OF CLOUD COMPUTING
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 Cloud computing is providing developers and IT departments with the ability to focus
on what matters most and avoid undifferentiated work like procurement, maintenance,
and capacity planning.
 As cloud computing has grown in popularity, several different models and
deployment strategies have emerged to help meet specific needs of different users.
 Each type of cloud service, and deployment method, provides you with different
levels of control, flexibility, and management.
 Understanding the differences between Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a
Service, and Software as a Service, as well as what deployment strategies you can
use, can help you decide what set of services is right for your needs.

7. INFRASTRUCTURE AS A SERVICE (IaaS) - HARDWARE AS A SERVICE (HaaS)
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 Infrastructure as a Service, sometimes abbreviated as IaaS, contains the basic building
blocks for cloud IT and typically provide access to networking features, computers
(virtual or on dedicated hardware), and data storage space.
 Infrastructure as a Service provides you with the highest level of flexibility and
management control over your IT resources and is most similar to existing IT resources
that many IT departments and developers are familiar with today.

8. PLATFORM AS A SERVICE (PaaS)
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 Platforms as a service remove the need for organizations to manage the underlying
infrastructure (usually hardware and operating systems) and allow you to focus on the
deployment and management of your applications.
 This helps you be more efficient as you don’t need to worry about resource procurement,
capacity planning, software maintenance, patching, or any of the other undifferentiated
heavy lifting involved in running your application.

9. SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SaaS) - APPLICATION AS A SERVICE (AaaS)
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 Software as a Service provides you with a completed product that is run and
managed by the service provider. In most cases, people referring to Software as a
Service are referring to end-user applications. With a SaaS offering you do not have
to think about how the service is maintained or how the underlying infrastructure is
managed; you only need to think about how you will use that particular piece of
software.
 A common example of a SaaS application is web-based email where you can send
and receive email without having to manage feature additions to the email product or
maintaining the servers and operating systems that the email program is running on.

10. CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODELS- CLOUD-BASED APPLICATION
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A cloud-based application is fully deployed in the cloud and all parts of the
application run in the cloud. Applications in the cloud have either been created in the
cloud or have been migrated from an existing infrastructure to take advantage of
the benefits of cloud computing.
Cloud-based applications can be built on low-level infrastructure pieces or can use
higher level services that provide abstraction from the management, architecting, and
scaling requirements of core infrastructure.

11. CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODELS - HYBRID
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A hybrid deployment is a way to connect infrastructure and applications between cloud-
based resources and existing resources that are not located in the cloud. The most common
method of hybrid deployment is between the cloud and existing on-premises infrastructure
to extend, and grow, an organization's infrastructure into the cloud while connecting cloud
resources to internal system.

12. CLOUD COMPUTING DEPLOYMENT MODELS – ON PREMISES
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 Deploying resources on-premises, using virtualization and resource management tools,
is sometimes called “private cloud”. On-premises deployment does not provide many of
the benefits of cloud computing but is sometimes sought for its ability to
provide dedicated resources.
 In most cases this deployment model is the same as legacy IT infrastructure while using
application management and virtualization technologies to try and increase resource
utilization.

13. SERVICE MODELS – DEPLOYMENT MODELS
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14. CLOUD COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE
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15. DIFFERENT SERVICE LEVELS OF CLOUD SERVICES IN CLOUD COMPUTING
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17. MANUFACTURING PLANT WITH CPS
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Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are integrations of computation, networking, and physical
processes. Embedded computers and networks monitor and control the physical
processes, with feedback loops where physical processes affect computations and vice
versa.

18. CPS
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 The future factory will be a CPS, or a set of interacting CPSs, where highly skilled
workers will have insights of the operations directly from coordinated intelligent
machines and from a central control entity. This factory will be hyper-connected and
data intensive, based on a 100 percent secure industry-grade 5G network.
 The pace and approach at which companies adopt digital transformation will vary.
However, the step-by-step deployment path towards the full Industry 4.0 paradigm,
is unique and well defined. It consists of six stages, each building on the previous
one, as illustrated below.

19. OPERATION PRINCIPLE OF CLOUD MANUFACTURING
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20. CLOUD MANUFACTURING ARCHITECTURE
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 Resource layer
 Perception layer
 Virtualisation layer
 Cloud service layer
 Application layer
 Interface layer
 Knowledge layer
 Security layer
 Communication layer

21. TECHNOLOGIES
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 Cloud computing
 IoT
 CPS
 Service-oriented technology
 Virtualisation
 Semantic Web
 System management technologies
 High-performance computing
 Big data analytics

22. COULD-DISTRIBUTED PROCESS PLANNING IN A CYBER-PHYSICAL SYSTEM
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23. WORKFLOW OF COULD COULD-DISTRIBUTED PROCESS PLANNING
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24. MULTI-AGENT SYSTEM AND FUNCTION BLOCKS EMBEDDED IN A HOLON
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25. IoT-ENABLED MANUFACTURING SYSTEM
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26. A REAL-TIME MULTISOURCE MANUFACTURING INFORMATION SENSING SYSTEM
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27. ARCHITECTURE OF A CLOUD-BASED CYBER MANUFACTURING SYSTEM
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28. ROLE OF IoT IN CLOUD MANUFACTURING
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29. ARCHITECTURE OF WISE-SHOPFLOOR
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30. CLOUD MANUFACTURING SECURITY FRAMEWORK
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31. SYSTEM FOR REMOTE MONITORING AND CONTROL
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32. ROBOT COMMUNICATION CONFIGURATION
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33. VIRTUAL SERVICE LAYER
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34. DISTRIBUTED PROCESS PLANNING IN CLOUD MANUFACTURING
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35. STAGED DECISION MAKING IN DISTRIBUTED PROCESS PLANNING
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36. WEB-DPPAS PART OF WISE-SHOPFLOOR FRAMEWORK
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37. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE OF WEB-DPP
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38. FUNCTIONALANALYSIS OF WEB-DPP
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39. INFORMATION EVOLUTION FROM MACHINING FEATURES TO FUNCTION BLOCKS
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40. WEB-DPP PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTING
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41. BASIC FUNCTION BLOCKS
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Composite Function BlockBasic function block

42. CONDITION MONITORING FOR PREDICTIVE MAINTENANCE
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CLASSIFICATION OF PROGNOSIS METHODS

43. PROGNOSIS-AS-A-SERVICE IN CLOUD MANUFACTURING
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44. CLOUD-ENABLED PROGNOSIS FOR CLOSED-LOOP MAINTENANCE SUPPORT
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45. A 3-LAYER CLOUD MANUFACTURING ARCHITECTURE
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46. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLOUD AND PROGNOSIS
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47. REMOTE MONITORING AND MAINTENANCE SYSTEM
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48. CONDITION-BASED MAINTENANCE BASED ON DATA FUSION AND RELIABILITY-CENTRED
MAINTENANCE
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49. RESOURCE EFFICIENCY CALCULATION AS A CLOUD SERVICE
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50. SAFETY IN HUMAN-ROBOT COLLABORATIVE ASSEMBLY
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51. TASK CONFIGURATIONS OF ROBOT CONTROLLER
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52. SAFETY IN HUMAN-ROBOT COLLABORATIVE ASSEMBLY - SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
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53. COMPARISON OF CONVENTIONAL, WEB-BASED AND CLOUD-BASED ROBOTIC CELLS
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54. CLOUD ROBOTICS SYSTEM
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55. PRIVATE, COMMUNITY AND PUBLIC ROBOT CLOUD
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56. ARCHITECTURE DESIGN OF CLOUD CPS IN MANUFACTURING
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57. PRODUCT TRACKING AND MANAGEMENT
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58. QR CODE ENABLED CLOUD SERVICE
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59. CLOUD MANUFACTURING SERVICES CONNECTED WITH THE PHYSICAL WORLD
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60. 10/20/2020 Industry 4.0 60